Vakyapadiya 5.2
Vākyapadīya (ed. Raghunātha Śarmā, with the Vṛtti and his Ambākartrī) 5.2
- Language
- Sanskrit
Contents
- 5.2.1 — 30 parts
- 5.2.1-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.2 — 9 parts
- 5.2.2-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.3-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.4-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.5-2 — 5 parts
- 5.2.6 — 3 parts
- 5.2.6-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.7 — 1 part
- 5.2.9 — 1 part
- 5.2.9-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.10-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.11 — 1 part
- 5.2.11-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.13-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.14-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.15 — 2 parts
- 5.2.15-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.16-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.17 — 1 part
- 5.2.19-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.20-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.21-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.22-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.23 — 1 part
- 5.2.23-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.24-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.25-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.26-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.27 — 4 parts
- 5.2.28 — 7 parts
- 5.2.29 — 1 part
- 5.2.29-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.30 — 1 part
- 5.2.31 — 1 part
- 5.2.32 — 3 parts
- 5.2.32-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.34 — 1 part
- 5.2.34-2 — 2 parts
- 5.2.36 — 4 parts
- 5.2.36-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.37 — 1 part
- 5.2.37-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.38 — 1 part
- 5.2.39 — 3 parts
- 5.2.39-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.40 — 3 parts
- 5.2.40-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.41-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.42 — 2 parts
- 5.2.43-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.44-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.45 — 1 part
- 5.2.45-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.46 — 28 parts
- 5.2.46-2 — 3 parts
- 5.2.47 — 1 part
- 5.2.48-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.49 — 4 parts
- 5.2.49-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.50 — 9 parts
- 5.2.51 — 4 parts
- 5.2.52 — 1 part
- 5.2.53-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.54-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.55-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.56-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.57 — 1 part
- 5.2.57-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.58 — 1 part
- 5.2.59 — 2 parts
- 5.2.60 — 1 part
- 5.2.62-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.63-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.64-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.65 — 1 part
- 5.2.68 — 1 part
- 5.2.68-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.70-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.71 — 9 parts
- 5.2.71-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.72 — 1 part
- 5.2.72-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.73-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.74 — 1 part
- 5.2.74-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.75 — 1 part
- 5.2.76-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.77 — 2 parts
- 5.2.79 — 1 part
- 5.2.85-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.86-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.87 — 1 part
- 5.2.87-2 — 4 parts
- 5.2.88 — 1 part
- 5.2.89 — 6 parts
- 5.2.89-2 — 4 parts
- 5.2.90 — 3 parts
- 5.2.91-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.94 — 1 part
- 5.2.96-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.98-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.99-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.101-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.104-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.105-2 — 1 part
- 5.2.106 — 1 part
- 5.2.106-2 — 3 parts
5.2.1
dvidhā kaiścitpadaṃ bhinnaṃ caturdhā pañcadhāpi vā |
apauddhṛtyaiva vākyebhyaḥ prakṛtipratyayādivat ||
5.2.1.p1
(3) vākyasyaiva niraṃśasya vācakatvādantarā padapratipattirvibhrama iti kimasatyena padena vyutpāditenetyāśaṅkya `apoddhṛtyaiva vākyebhyaḥ’ ityāha | apoddhṛtya kalpanābuddhyā pṛthak padaṃ niṣkṛṣya | akhaṇḍavākyavyutpattāvupāyaḥ padavyutpattirvākyavādinām, akhaṇḍapadavyutpattāviva parikalpitarūpaprakṛtipratyayāgamādeśādipyutpattiḥ padavādinām | ānantyāddhi vākyānāṃ svālakṣaṇyenāśakyā vyutpattiḥ kartumiti sadṛśapadadvārā tadupapattirityarthaḥ ||
5.2.1.p2
(4) ubhayorapi cāpoddhṛtasyāsatyatvaṃ samānam | tathā hi-aniyatānupūrvīko yathārthaṃ parikalpitānvayavyatirekanibandhano vākyavādināṃ padāpoddhāraḥ | evaṃ padavādināṃ śāstrīyānvayavyatirekanimittārthāpoddhāravaśaḥ prakṛtipratyayādyapoddhāraḥ | yadāha vākyakāraḥ--
5.2.1.p3
`siddhaṃ tvanvayavyatirekābhyām’ (Va on P.I.2.45)
5.2.1.p4
iti | tatra bhinnatvaṃ sāmānyam, dvidhā-ityādiko viśeṣa iti vidhārthe dhāpratyayopapattiḥ | prakāro hi vidhārthaḥ, sa ca sāmānyasya bhedako viśeṣaḥ, sādṛśyameva sarvatra prakāraḥ kaiścidiṣyate ityekīyamatam, kaiścid iti vacanāt | bhede'pi tu prakārākhyā kaiścidabhyupagamyate ityukteḥ | yadi vā atra buddhirūpaprakalpitaṃ sādṛśyameva vidhārthaḥ | jñānapratibimbitasya hi bāhyānukāritvena sādṛśyaṃ sarvatra prakārārthaḥ, saṃkalpitasādṛśyasya bāhyasya nirvartanāt vākyāccāpoddhriyamāṇasya padasya vākyārthāṃśaparikalpanayā arthavata evāpoddhāro yuktaḥ | arthāpoddhāra eva hi padāpoddhārasya nimittam | animitte hi tasminvarṇāpoddhārasyāpi prasaṅgāteṣāmapi vyutpādyatā syāt |
5.2.1.p5
(5) vākyārthaśca sthitalakṣaṇo niraṃśaḥ kārakotkalitaśarīrakriyāsvabhāvaḥ | tatra cāṃśāṃśikalpanayā apoddhāre kārakātmā kriyātmā cāṃśo vibhāgārha iti siddhasādhyalakṣaṇāṃśadvayaviṣayaḥ, padāpoddhāro dvividho nāmākhyātarūpaḥ prāthamakalpikaḥ, śaktiśaktimatorabhedāt kārakātmā siddharūpoṃ'śaḥ | yadyapi ca nāmapadānāṃ pratyayārthasya saṃkhyādeḥ śābdaṃ prādhānyaṃ tathāpyarthataḥ prātipadikārthasya jātyācchuritasya dravyasyaiva prādhānyaṃ siddharūpasya, saṃkhyākārakaśaktīnāṃ tadāśrayatvāt, anayoreva ca nāmākhyātayorviśeṣaṇatvānnipātepasargakarmapravacanīyalakṣaṇaḥ padabhedo'ntarbhavati |
5.2.1.p6
(6) tathā hi-siddhārthābhidhāyi nāmapadamiti tadarthagataṃ viśeṣaṃ dyotayannipātaḥ tatraivāntarbhavati | siddhaṃ hyarthaṃ sākṣād vābhidadhātu tadgataṃ viśeṣaṃ vā prakāśayatu, neyatā bhedaḥ | svarādayastu kecit sattpradhānā eveti te'pi nāmapadameva | ye tu hirugādayaḥ kriyāpradhānāḥ teṣāmākhyāte'ntarbhāvaḥ | na hi tiṅntamevākhyātam, kriyāpradhānasya sarvasyaiva tallakṣaṇatvāt | ata evopasargakarmapravacīyapadānyapyākhyātapadameva, sādhyārthagataviśeṣadyotanāt | evaṃ nipāto'pi | tadgatabhedāntaravivakṣāyāntu nipātopasargayorapi kaiścit pṛthakkaraṇam | tathā hi-astyevāpoddhāre'rthamātrāviśeṣo'nayoḥ | na hyetau sākṣādarthaṃ vadataḥ, api tu tadgataviśeṣadyotakāviti vācakābhyāṃ nāmākhyātābhyāṃ pravibhaktau | siddhasādhyārthaviṣayaviśeṣadyotakatvānnipātānāṃ sādhyaikaniyatatvāccopasargāṇāṃ parasparato bhedaḥ | karmapravacanīyāstu kriyāviśeṣopajanitasaṃbandhāvacchedahetava iti saṃbandhaviśeṣadyotanadvāreṇa kriyāviśeṣaprakāṣanādupasargeṣvevāntarbhavantīti caturdhā eva kaiściti padaṃ bhinnam |
5.2.1.p7
(7) sākṣātkriyāviśeṣaprakāśanābhāvāttadapi pañcamaṃ padamiti kaiścit | tathā hi-karma proktavantaḥ karmapravacanīyā iti atikrāntakriyākhyānalakṣaṇasya vyāpārasyātra saṃbhavo na tu vartamānasyetyupasargebhyo bhedaḥ | kriyāgataviśeṣadyotanapūrvakaṃ hi saṃbandhāvacchedanamatra vartamānam | tathā hi sarvaḥ saṃbandhaḥ kriyākṛtaḥ, upakāraprabhāvitatvāt tasya, kriyāmantareṇopakārabhāvāt | tatra kvacit kriyāśabdaḥ śrūyate kvacinna | yatra śrūyate tatra śrauta eva saṃbandhaviśeṣavasāyaḥ | tadyathā mātuḥ smarati, mātuḥ smṛtam, sarpiṣo jānīte ityādau | kriyā hi svabhāvādeva kriyāntaravyadhānamantareṇa dravyaiḥ saṃyujyate | anye tu yasmānmātṛviṣaye pravartate'vatiṣṭhate vā tasmānmātṛsaṃbandhīdaṃ smaraṇamiti kriyākārakabhāvapūrvaka evāyamapi saṃbandha iti varṇayanti |
5.2.1.p8
(8) aśrute tu kriyāpade dvayī gatiḥ | kvacit saṃbandhisvarūpamahimnaiva niyatakriyākṣepasiddheḥ pratiniyatakriyākārakabhāvapūrvakatvaṃ śeṣasaṃbandhasya vinaiva karmapravacanīyamavagamyate | tadyathā-upagorapatyam, vṛkṣasya śākhetyādāvapatyāpatyavatsaṃbandho janikriyānimitto'vayavayavisaṃbandhaśca sthitikriyānimitta ityādi | kvacittu saṃbandhānāṃ pratiniyatakriyāpūrvakatvāvadhāraṇe nāsti sāmarthyam | tadyathā-rājñaḥ puruṣa ityatra svasvāmibhāvo bharaṇādyanekakriyānimitta ityevāvagamyate | kriyāviśeṣastu nāvadhāryate tannimittabhūtaḥ | tathā ca bhāṣyam--
5.2.1.p9
`yadetatsvaṃ nāma taccaturbhiḥ prakārairbhavati bharaṇādapaharaṇātkrayaṇādyāñcayā’ |(M.Bh. on P.2.3.50 Cf. Kielhorn 1.463)
5.2.1.p10
iti | dānādīnāṃ tvanyatamāvinābhāvātkriyā anumīyata eva | kvacittvavinābhāvinī kriyāpi na pratīyate | tathā caivaṃjātīyake viṣaye karmapravacanīyo niyataviśiṣṭakriyākṛtatvaṃ saṃbandhasya viśeṣamavagamayati | taduktam--
5.2.1.p11
"janayitvā kriyā kācitsaṃbandhaṃ vinivartate |
5.2.1.p12
śrūyamāṇe kriyāśabde saṃbandho jāyate kvacit || (Vak.a.II.197)
5.2.1.p13
sa copajātaḥ saṃbandho vinivṛtte kriyāpade |
5.2.1.p14
karmapravacanīyena tatra tatra niyamyate || " (Vak.a.II.199)
5.2.1.p15
iti | niyamastasya niyatakriyājanitatvam | tathā hi--śākalyasya saṃhitāmanu prāvarṣaditi yo'yaṃ saṃhitāpravarṣamayorhetuhetumadbhāvalakṣaṇaḥ saṃbandhaḥ sa niyatakriyājanita ityanunā vedyate | anuniśamyetyatrānorniśamayatikriyāsāhacaryopalabdheriha saṃpāṭharūpatvātsaṃhitāyāstadanumānasyaucityāt tatra kriyāvacanatvamasyānyatra dṛṣṭaṣakterna kalpyam |
5.2.1.p16
(9) dyotyārthaniṣṭhaṃ ca dyotakatvamiti tadapi kriyāpadāprayogādatra nāsti | na ca kriyāpadākṣepakatvam, yathā prādeśaṃ viparilikhatīti | atra verlekhanāsamanvayānupapatternirmātikriyākṣepakatvam | kārakavibhaktirhyatra prādeśamiti dvitīyeti yuktastatsamucita kriyākṣepaḥ | iha tu saṃhitāmiti śaiṣikīyaṃ vibhaktiriti kathaṃ kriyākṣepaḥ | kriyākārakayoreva parasparamākṣepyākṣepakabhāvasyāvinābhāvena nyāyyatvāt | tadyathā praviśa, piṇḍīmityādau | nāpi saṃbandhavācitvamatrānoḥ, vibhaktyaiva tadabhidhānāditi saṃbandhāvacchedasya pratyāyako nānyaḥ saṃbhavatīti pāriśeṣyādanoratra sāmarthyāmadhyavasīyate | taduktam--
5.2.1.p17
`kriyayā dyotako nāyaṃ saṃbandhasya na vācakaḥ |
5.2.1.p18
nāpi kriyāpadākṣepī saṃbandhasya tu bhedakaḥ || (Vak.a.II.204)
5.2.1.p19
iti | bhedako viśeṣadyotaka ityarthaḥ | ayamatra bhāvaḥ | yadananyathāsiddhaṃ tatrānorvyāpārakalpanā yuktā | yatpunaranyathā arthasāmarthyādinā nimittena sidhyati na tatra tasya śaktiḥ kalpayituṃ pāryata iti padāntarāṇāmarthāntara niveśātsaṃbandhaviśeṣasya tato'navagatasya karmapravacanīyaviṣayatā siddhā | nanu ca
5.2.1.p20
`yadatrādhikyaṃ vākyārthassaḥ’(M.Bh.onP.2.3.46Cf.Kiel.4-51.462) iti kriyāviśeṣajanitatvalakṣaṇaḥ saṃbandhasyāvacchedo vākyārthaḥ kimiti na kathyate | anostu paścādbhāvamātravṛttitvameveti |
5.2.1.p21
(10) atrocyate--ihādhikyaṃ vākyārthatvenodhyamānaṃ padārthapṛṣṭhapātitvenaivānusaraṇīyam na tu padārthollaṅghanena | tattadvākyopāttasya hi sādhyasya vā viśeṣyasya vopāttaireva sādhanairviśeṣaṇaiśca saṃsargastatrādhikyam | tadyathā--gāṃ śuklāmānaya, nīlotpalamiti ca | ata evocyate--
5.2.1.p22
`āśrayāśrayiṇorvākyānniyamastavavatiṣṭhate |’
5.2.1.p23
iti | itthaṃ cānupāttasyaiva padārthasya vākyātpratītirnāstīti na saṃbandhāvacchedo'trāpadārtho vākyārthaḥ śakyate kalpayitumiti karmapravacanīyaviṣaya evāyam | yadvakṣyati--
5.2.1.p24
`nimittaniyamaḥ śabdātsaṃbandhasya na gṛhyate |
5.2.1.p25
karmapravacanīyaistu sa viśeṣe'varudhyate ||’ (Vak.c.sā.śe.3)
5.2.1.p26
iti | atra ca darśanadvayam--svarūpeṇaiva saṃbandhāntaravilakṣaṇaḥ karmapravacanīyena saṃbandho'vacchidyate, kriyāviśeṣajanitatvena veti | tatra svarūpeṇāvacchede viśiṣṭakriyājanitatvapratītiḥ saṃbandhiviśeṣaparyālocanālabhyā | tathā hi--adhi brahmadatte pañcālāḥ iti svasvāmibhāvo'yaṃ saṃbandha ityadhinā vedyate | brahmadattaśca svāmī īśvaraḥ pañcālāśca janapadaḥ svamiti tayoḥ saṃbandhinoḥ paripālanakarādānākriyāprabhāvita evāyaṃ saṃbandho nyāyya ityavagamyate | evamabhimanyurarjunataḥ pratīti pratinā sādṛśyalakṣaṇo'yaṃ saṃbandha iti dyotyate | sa punaḥ saṃbandhisvarūpaparyālocanādatra saṃpraharaṇādikriyākṛta ityavagamyate | itthaṃ ca śākalyasya saṃhitāmanu prāvarṣadityatrāpi hetuphalabhāvo nāmāyaṃ saṃbandha ityetāvatyevāyamanurviśrāmyati | pāṭhaviśerūṣapatvāt saṃhitāyā niśamanakriyāvagatiḥ | śabdaśravaṇena hi devo'varṣaditi saṃbandhamahimnā viśiṣṭakriyāprabhāvitatvamavasīyate | kecidiyānanoreva vyāpāra ityāhuḥ |
5.2.1.p27
(11) svarūpāvacchede'pi ca kriyāyāḥ kāryabhūtasaṃbandhāpekṣayā atītatvātkarma proktavanta ityarthassamanvetyeva | vastutaḥ kriyāphalasyaiva saṃbandhasya prakāśanāt | yathā tu tatrabhavadbhartṛharestatra tatrābhiprāyo lakṣyate tathā nimittaviśeṣāvaccheda eva karmapravacanīyakṛta iti rāddhāntaḥ | adhi brahmadatte pañcālāḥ iti paripālanakriyāhitatvaṃ svasvāmibhāvasyādhinā vyajyate | abhimanyurarjunataḥ pratītyamitraparājayādikṛto'nukāryānukaraṇabhāvaḥ pratinā prakāśyate ityādi sarvatra yojyam | sustutam, ati stutamityādau tu
5.2.1.p28
`suḥ pūjāyām’ (P. 1.4.94)
5.2.1.p29
`atiratikramaṇe ca’ (P.1.4.95)
5.2.1.p30
ityādinā karmapravacanīyasaṃjñādhikārikī svārthanirapekṣaivopasargasaṃjñābādhanāya pravartate | yathoktam--
5.2.1-2
`karmapravacanīyatvaṃ kriyāyoge vidhīyate|
ṣatvādivinivṛttyarthaṃ svatyādīnāṃ vidharmaṇām ||’(Vak.a.II.202)iti | ārthena tu rūpeṇa vibhāge prastute kriyāviśeṣāvadyotakatvādupasargapade svatyādirantarbhavatīti nāvyāptiḥ | tadevaṃ vākyādapoddhriyamāṇasya padasyāpoddhārārthaviśeṣāśrayeṇa yathāsaṃbhavaṃ bhedo niraṃṣakavākyavyutpattyupāyabhūtaḥ pradarśitaḥ | ata eva svādipadaṃ vākyavyutpattyanaṅgatvācchastre saṃketitaṃ subantapadavyutpattyupāyabhūtaṃ neha gaṇanārhaṃ prakṛtipratyayavaditi dṛṣṭāntapakṣanikṣiptamiti nāvyāptiḥ | padātkilāsāvapoddhāro na vākyāt ||
5.2.1-2.p1
(12) taditthaṃ padāpoddhāre pradarśite tadarthasyāpoddhṛtasya siddhasādhyarūpadvayayogino matabhedena svarūpāpadarśanārthamāha--
5.2.2
padārthānāmapoddhāre jātirvā dravyameva vā |
padārthau sarvaśabdānāṃ nityāvevopavarṇitau ||
5.2.2.p1
(13) arthadvāreṇa padaṃ parīkṣyata iti darśanabhedena prathamamapoddhārapadārthavicāraḥ | tathā hi--sarveṣāmapi śabdānāṃ padarūpāṇāṃ nāmākhyātādisvabhāvānāṃ jātivādimate jātirevārtho na dravyam | dravyavādimate tu dravyameva na jātiḥ | dvitīyena vā śabdena padārthāntaraṃ sūcitaṃ jātiviśiṣṭadravyābhidhānamiti | ata eva tadeva saṃkalanārūpaṃ padārthāviti sphuṭīkṛtam | anyathā vārthe prakrānte cārthopasaṃhāro'yaṃ nopapadyate | tadvadabhidhāne tu abhidhānaṃ tāvad dvayorapi samānam, viragya vyāpārābhāvācchubdasya | ārthastu jātidravyayorguṇapradhānabhāvaḥ | yadvā prādhānyenaiva bhinnaviṣayatayā pāṇinidarśane jātidravye śabdenābhidhīyete ityayamatra pakṣaḥ padārthau ityuktaḥ | tatra nāmapadasya gaurityādeḥ gotvādijātiḥ niyatakriyāviṣayasādhanaikārthasamavetasaṃkhyājātiviśeṣabhāvamāpannā abhidheyā | anāśrayāyā jāteranupapatteḥ | sāmarthyātpratītaṃ dravyam |
5.2.2.p2
(14) evamākhyātapadasyāpi vibhinnakriyākṣaṇasamavetābhinnābhidhānapratyayahetukriyājātiviṣayā sākṣādvācakaśaktiḥ | kārakādijātistvatra guṇabhūtā nāmapadagatayā ca kārakajātyā kriyājātirākhyātapadagatā vyaktidvāreṇa samanvayameti | dravyajātistvekārthasamavāyātsādhanaśaktidvāreṇa kriyāyogamanubhavati | saṃkhyājātirapyekārthasamavāyātsvavyaktyātmanā śaktimukhenaiva kriyānvayinīti sarvapadārthasamanvayopapattau kalpate vākyārthaḥ | yathā cotkṣepaṇādikṣaṇaivarasamasamayabhāvibhirapyāvṛttyotkṣepaṇatvādijātirabhivyajyate tathā adhiśrayaṇādibhiḥ kriyākṣaṇaiḥ pacatyādikriyājātiriti vicārayiṣyate | vyaktidvārakaṃ cāsyā nityāyā api sādhyatvamupapadyate |
5.2.2.p3
(15) upasargādibhirapyatra darśane nāmākhyātasahabhāvī tadarthasya viśeṣāvadyotakatvājjātipadārtha eva | viśeṣasya viśiṣṭaviśrāntarayaivāvasāyātkarmapravacanīyo'pi saṃbandhajātiniṣṭha eva | guṇaśabdānāmapi śuklādīnāṃ guṇajātirvācyā | saṃjñāśabdānāmapi ḍitthādiśabdānāṃ jātivācitvaṃ samarthayiṣyate |
5.2.2.p4
(16) taditthaṃ vājapyāyanācāryamatena sārvatrikī jātipadārthavyavasthopapadyate | vyāḍitame tu sarvaśabdānāṃ dravyamarthaḥ, tasyaiva sākṣātkriyāsamanvayopapatteḥ vākyārthāṅgatayā codanāviṣayatvāt | yathāha--
5.2.2.p5
`codanāsu ca tasyārambhāt’(Va.on P. 1.2.64)
5.2.2.p6
iti | ekajātisamanvayavaśena cātra saṃketopapattiḥ | anabhidhīyamānāpi jātirupalakṣaṇīkriyate śabdārthe yathā gṛhādau kākādi | ākhyāte'pi ca sādhanādhāradravyaprādhānyaṃ vyāḍimate | devadattaḥ pacatīti dravyeṇaiva sākṣātsāmānādhikaraṇyopapatteḥ | kriyā tu guṇabhūtātra, vyāpārāviṣṭaṃ hi dravyamākhyātārthaḥ, idaṃ taditi sarvanāmapratyavamarśayogyaṃ cātra dravyamiti sārvatrikīyaṃ vyavasthā | tathā ca vakṣyati--
5.2.2.p7
`dravyadharmā padārthe tu dravye sarvo'rtha ucyate |’
5.2.2.p8
iti | ata eva śuklādīnāmapi dravyapadārthatā siddhā | tattadupādhivyavacchinnaṃ vā brahma dravyaśabdavācyaṃ sarvaśabdānāṃ viṣaya iti vakṣyata eva | vyaktiparyāyo vā dravyaśabda iti jātivyaktivikalpena sarvaśabdaviṣayaḥ | tathā ca sarvaśabdānāmityabhidhānātpadādapyapoddhāre prakṛtipratyayarūpasyāpi śabdasya yathāyogaṃ kriyākārakasaṃkhyādirapoddhārapadārtho jātivyaktibhedena samāmnātaḥ | ubhayasyāpi vā śabdātpratīterubhayaṃ padārthaḥ | guṇapradhānabhāvabhedāśrayastu matavikalpaḥ | nityatvopavarṇanaṃ ca
5.2.2.p9
`siddhe śabdārthasaṃbandhe’ (Va. in paspaśāhrikā of the M.Bh.Kiel.1.6 16)ityatra bhāṣye--
5.2.2-2
`yasmisatattvaṃ na vihanyate’ (M.Bh.Cf.Kiel.1.7 22)
iti dravyasyāpi nityatvam, pravāhanityatayā śabdātsadaiva pratīteḥ ||
5.2.2-2.p1
(17) tadevaṃ darśanabhedena jātirdravyaṃ vā padārtha ityukte jātipadārthaviṣayaśāstropayogī vicāro'tra samuddheśe | padasya hi parīkṣārthamidaṃ kāṇḍam, arthadvāreṇa ca padaparīkṣā, vākyārthaupayikatvena ca tadvicāra iti jātipadārthanaye vākyārthabhūtayā ākhyātapadavācyayā kriyayā kathaṃ samanvayaḥ | sādhanena hi kriyā anveti | na ca jātiḥ sādhanam | tadāśrayaḥ sādhanamiti cet, evamapi jāteḥ sākṣācchabdena coditatvātsāmarthyāttadādhārapratipattau yathācoditānuṣaṅga iti--
5.2.3
`asaṃbhave pratinidhirmā bhūnnityasya karmaṇaḥ |
kāmyasya vā pravṛttasya lopa ityapadiśyate ||’(Vak.a.II.70)
iti pratinidhyanupapattirityāśaṅkya tatsamarthanāmāha--
`keṣāñcitsāhacaryeṇa jātiḥ śaktyupalakṣaṇam |
khadirādiṣvaśakteṣu śaktaḥ pratinidhīyate ||
5.2.3-2
(18) iha keṣāñcit jātivādināmekārthasamavāyācchakteḥ pratipādane jātiḥ upalakṣaṇam--upāyaḥ iti matam | anyeṣāṃ punastātparyeṇa jātireva śabdena pratipādyate, kāryayogastu tasyāḥ kvacitsākṣāt, kvacivdyaktidvāreṇeti matam | athavā keṣāñcid iti śabdānām | ye sādhanābhidhāyinaḥ tatra śaktitātparyeṇa jāterupalakṣaṇatvānnāntarīyakamupādānam, śaktivācinyā vibhakteḥ kevalāyā aprayogārhatvāt | tataśca prātipadikasyāvaśyamupādānamiti tadvācyayā jātyā śaktiravacchidyate sati saṃbhave | tadabhāve tu tatsadṛśāparajātisahacaritāpi śaktirgṛhyate, tātparyeṇa codanāt | vākyārthabhūtayā hi kriyayā sādhanamātrasyākṣepe siddhe viśiṣṭajātīyapratipattyarthaṃ sādhanaśrutyapādāne'pi jātiviśeṣasyāsaṃbhave kriyāsādhanaśaktyāvedanaparatayā jāteḥ prayogānmābhūtpradhānabhūtāyāḥ śakterapi tyāge kriyāyā asaṃpattiriti śiṣṭasamācārādanyajātīyadravyagatāpi śaktiḥ parigṛhyate | na caivamatiprasaṅgaḥ, coditapratinidhiviṣaya evaitasya nyāyasyeṣṭatvāt | tathā ca godohādicodanāsu tadasāmarthye na mahiṣyādyākṣepaprasaṅgaḥ |
(19) upasakṣamatvācca jātirniyamaṃ na vidhatte | tadyathā--upaghātakanivāraṇapare vākye kākādiriti sadṛśopādāne śrautārthatyāgo na bhavati | yatra ca saṃbhavaścoditasya śrotasyārthasya, tatra śrutiḥ saphalā | tasmāt `khadire badhnāti, palāśe badhnāti’ ityādau khadirāderbandhanasamarthasyālābhe tatsadṛśakadarādiśaktasādhanaparigraho yujyate | anādhārāyāḥ śakterasaṃbhavāt nāntarīyakatvena jāterupādānam, niyamasyāvidhānāt | jātirhi śaktyupalakṣaṇam na kāryayoginīti tadāśrayasyāśaktatve tamantareṇa dravyāntaragatāpi śaktirgṛhyate | yadi tu tajjātīyameva śaktaṃ syāt tadā sannihitaparityāge kāraṇābhāvāt tajjātīyamevopādīyeta | tadaśaktatve tūpalakṣaṇasyopalakṣaṇe caritārthatvāt anyasyāpi tatkāryayoge tadupalakṣitā śaktiḥ śāstracoditetyarthāntaragatāpyaparyudastatvādupādīyate iti niyamo nāsti | sadṛśārthāntaragatā ca śaktirgṛhyata iti nātiprasaṅgaḥ ||
5.2.3-2.p1
(20) atha yeṣāṃ jātivādināṃ mate tātparyeṇa jātirabhidheyā na śaktyupalakṣaṇam, teṣāṃ kathaṃ pratinidhirupapadyata ityāśaṅkyāha--
5.2.4
asvātantryaphalo bandhiḥ pramāṇādīva śiṣyate |
ato jātyabhidhāne'pi śaktihīnaṃ na gṛhyate ||
5.2.4-2
(21) ata iti | asvātantryaphalasya bandhervidhānāt codanāt jāteḥ pratipādyatve'pyupalakṣamatvābhāve'pyasvātantryaprayojanabandhividhisāmarthyācchaktihīnasya khadirādestyāge śaktaṃ kadarādi pratinidhīyate | vākyārthabhūtā hi bandhikriyā pradhānamiti tatsaṃpādanaśaktasya padārthasya parigraho nyāyyaḥ | nanu ca dṛṣṭaphale bandhau ko'nurodha ityāśaṅkyoktam pramāṇādīva śiṣyate iti | yathā dṛṣṭaphalaṃ pramāṇādi coditaṃ tathā tadaṅgabhūto'pi bandhiriti sarvathāsāvanurodhyaḥ | tathā hi-asati paśoryūpe bandhane pramāṇādyanupapattāvavadānagrahābhāvāt svargaphalasya yajerevāsaṃpattiḥ syāditi tadanurodhāttadaṅgasaṃpattyarthaṃ tatsamucitasādhanakṣepaḥ | tatra pramāṇaṃ hisāprārambhaḥ | mīño hiṃsārthasya lyuṭyejviṣaye rūpam, ātve ca kṛte mānam, tasyārambhaḥ praśabdena dyotyate | ādigrahaṇādālambhanāderavadānagrahaṇaparyantasya taduttarasya prākaraṇikasyāṅgakalāpasyānurodhaḥ | ayamatra pakṣadvaye'pyāśayaḥ | yadi nāma jāteḥ prakṛtyarthabhūtāyāḥ śaktyavacchedakatvenopāttāyā asaṃbhavaḥ tajjātyavacchinnasyāśaktatvāt tathāpi pratyayārthasya śakteravacchedyāyā api tyāgo na yuktaḥ, api tvanyagatāpi sā gṛhyate | mā bhūttadvācinaḥ padasyānarthakyam, vākyārthasya ca kriyāyā asaṃpattiriti gāmālabhetetyādau ca sarvatra yogyavyakritaviṣayaiva kriyāvṛttiṣṭhate iti pratinidhāvapi kimiti saṃbhramaḥ ||
5.2.4-2.p1
(22) idānīmatraiva liṅgenāpi pratinidhimupapādayati--
5.2.5
`saṃśleṣamātraṃ badhnātiryadi syāttu vivakṣitaḥ |
śaktyāśraye tato liṅgaṃ pramāṇādyanuśāsanam ||
5.2.5-2.1
(23) badhnātyartha upacārād badhnātiḥ ityuktaḥ | saṃśloṣo yūpe paśoryojanam tadevāsvātantryalakṣaṇaphalānapekṣaṃ tanmātram | tadyadi badhnātyartho'bhimataḥ tadā tasya khadiralatayāpi saṃpādyatvasaṃbhave kadaropādane sāmarthyaṃ nāstīti tataḥ saṃślevāduttarakāsaṃ pramāṇādīnāṃ `paśumālabheta’, `hṛdaye'vadyati atha vakṣasi’ ityādivacanena yadanuśāsanaṃ tadatra samarthadravyopādāne liṅgam anumānam | athavā pūrvaṃ bandhireva liṅgamāsīt, idānīṃ yadi saṃśleṣamātraṃ badhnātistataḥ pramāṇādyanuśāsanaṃ liṅgamityarthaḥ | paśuviśasanāṅgasya hi bandhyarthasyātropādānaṃ yuktam | asamarthaśca viśasane badhnātyartho na tadaṅgamiti ekaprakaraṇopāttapramāṇādyarthaparyālocanālabhyaḥ pratinidhiḥ | pūrvaṃ padārthasāmarthyādanantaraṃ vākyārthasāmarthyātpratinidhiruktaḥ, saṃprati prakaraṇasāmarthyāditi pakṣatraye viśeṣaḥ | śakterāśrayaḥ kadaradravyaṃ tatropādīyamāne liṅgamiti saṃbandhaḥ | yadvā śaktiḥ kāryasya nirvartako dravyasyātmātiśayaḥ, tadāśraye tadabhyupagame ityarthaḥ | tadevaṃ yaduktaṃ vākyakāṇḍe-- `yaśca jātisamuddeśe pratinidhiṃ pratyaparo darśanabhedaḥ’ |
5.2.5-2.2
iti so'yamiha vyākhyātaḥ | tatra punaranyo darśanabhedaḥ pratipāditaḥ-asaṃbhavaniyamatyāgo niyamamātrabādhaśceti | tathā hi--trīhibhiryajeteti devatoddeśena dravyatyāgasya yajyarthatvādyajatikriyaikadeśabhāvāpannaṃ dravyamātraṃ yajetetyeva sāmarthyātprāptam | etāvāneva hi yajyartha iti śrutiprāptasannidhānameva dravyamātram | dravyadevatārahitasya tyāgamātrasya yajyarthatvāyogātpratīte tasminnarthasāmarthyādanantaraṃ dravyākṣepasyāyogāt | itthaṃ ca kriyāpradhānatve'pyākhyātasya tadekadeśabhūtaṃ sādhanādhāramapi dravyasāmānyaṃ śrutiprāptasannidhānaṃ śābdameva | tatra vrīhibhiriti vrīhitvenāviruddhaikārthasamavāyena viśeṣeṇa paripoṣaḥ, nirviśeṣasya sāmānyasyābhāvāt | adhyāvāpārthā hi vrīhiśrutiḥ śabdasāmarthyaprāptaṃ dravyatvamātramavirodhānna bādhate | taddhi śrutisāmarthyaprāptam, vrīhitvaṃ punararthasāmarthyāyātam, nirviśeṣasya sāmānyasyābhāvāt | evaṃ ca dravyatvamātrasya śrutyā aṅgabhāvaścodito na rvīhitvasya viśeṣasyeti tadasambhave'pi viśeṣāntareṇa sāmānyamātrasya paripoṣe pratinidhi viṣaye coditasya bādhā na bhavati |
5.2.5-2.3
(24) nanu cādhyāvāpe vrīhibhirdravyatvasyābidhitatvādvikalpaḥ prāpnoti sarvatra vrīhibhiryavairvetyādi | aviśiṣṭaṃ hi dravyatvaṃ śrutisāmarthyaprāptam, tasya ced vrīhiśrutyā viśeṣāntarādavacchedo na kriyate tadā tadapi viśeṣāntaraṃ tena svīkṛtaṃ prāptasannidhyeveti vikalpaprasaṅgaḥ tathā ca vrīhiśruterānarthakyam | atrocyate-iha vrīhitvena dravyatve viśeṣite vastusāmarthyādyavatvādīnāmasaṃbhavaḥ | na hi yatra vrīhitvaikārthasamavāyi dravyatvaṃ tatraiva yavatvaikārthasamavāyi saṃbhavati | tataścāsaṃbhavaniyamo nāmāyam | dviprakāro hi niyamaḥ--kaścicchabdasāmarthyāyāto bhavati yatra pakṣe prāptau satyāṃ śrutiḥ | yathā vyaktau padārthe `vipratiṣedhe param’ iti | kaścitpunarasatyapi śabdavyāpāre padārthānāmitaretararūpasāṅkaryābhāvādekacodanā tadanyanivṛttiphaleti padārthasvarūpavimarśāyāto'saṃbhavaniyama ityucyate | tathā ceha śabdasāmarthyāyātaṃ dravyatvamiti vrīhibhiriti tatrādhyāvāpaḥ śabdavyāpāraḥ | akhaṇḍe'pi hi vākyārthanaye'roddhāradaśāgato bhedasaṃsargādivikalpaḥ | tatra vyāḍimate bhedo vākyārthaḥ, padavācyānāṃ dravyāṇāṃ dravyāntaranivṛttitātparyeṇābhidheyatvāt | jātivādino vājapyāyanasya tu mate saṃsargo vākyārthaḥ, sāmānyānāṃ padārthānāṃ saṃśleṣamātrarūpatvādvākyārthasya | iyati caritārthe vrīhiśabde vrīhitvasya yavatvādibhirviruddha ekasminnarthe samavāya iti tatra tāni nivartante | tataśca pratinidhau vastusāmarthyāyātasya niyamasya bādhe'pi śābdasya dravyatvamātrasyābādhitatvānna coditārthatyāgaḥ |
5.2.5-2.4
(25) nanu ca nirviśeṣasya sāmānyasyāsaṃbhavāt yajinā viśeṣaniṣṭhameva dravyatvamākṣiptamiti sarvaviśeṣāṇāṃ śrutisāmarthyaprāptatvāt vrīhibhiriti punaḥ śrutirniyamaphalaiva śrautenāpi rūpeṇa saṃjāteti kathaṃ na śrautārthatyāgaḥ | pratinidhau naitannyāthyam | na hi śabdo vastucintāmanusarati, kasyacideva vastubhāgasya śabdavyāpāraviṣayatvāt | tathā ca ṭajatiśabdasyeyatyeva sāmarthyaṃ dravyamātrākṣepe na tu tadviśeṣe | anyathā nirguṇasya ca dravyasyāsaṃbhavāt guṇasyāpyākṣepako'sau kimiti na varṇyate | tasmād dravyatvamātrasyaivākṣepaḥ śābda iti tatparipoṣāya viśeṣāntarāvāpo na niyamaphala iti śāstreṇāparyudastānāṃ viśeṣāntarāṇāṃ pratinidhisiddhiḥ | taditthamasaṃbhavaniyamatyāgo varṇitaḥ | niyamamātrabādhaścāpyucyate | iha sravatraiva kriyāpradhānaṃ vākyārthaḥ | tathā ca svasiddhyarthaṃ yogyadravya mākṣipyate sādhanam | tadeva ca padāntareṇa viśiṣṭaṃ kathyate | itthaṃ sthite yatra śrutasya sādhanasyāsaṃbhavastatra pradhānabhūtakriyāsaṃpattyarthaṃ sādhanāntaraṃ pratinidhīyate | kriyā hi na pratinidhīyate prādhānyāt | kriyāntarāśrayaṇe ca karmāntarasyācoditasyānuṣṭhānācchāstrārthollaṅghanaṃ syāditi guṇabhūtasya sādhanasyaiva pracinidhirācaritaḥ śiṣṭaiḥ | tatra ca pradhānabhūtakriyāpadārthākṣiptasya śāstracoditasya sādhanamātrasya na tyāgaḥ, api tu vrīhyādi padopāttasya dravyaviṣayasya niyamamātrasya bādhaḥ | sa ca na doṣāya, śaktimātrasya sādhanarūpasya kriyāsāmarthyākṣiptasya prādhānyācchāstracoditārthollaṅghanābhāvāt ||
5.2.5-2.p1
(26) tadevametadanantarakāṇḍe darśanadvayamupapāditamiti yathāsaṃbhavaṃ pratinidhiśca cintitaḥ | idānīṃ jātau śabdenābhidhīyamānāyāṃ tatra jātyantarābhāvānnirnimittā śabdasya pravṛttirāyātetyāśaṅkyopapādayitumāha--
5.2.6
svā jātiḥ prathamaṃ śabdaiḥ sarvairevābhidhīyate |
tato'rthajātirūpeṣu tadadhyāropakalpanā ||
5.2.6.p1
(27) svā asādharaṇī ātmīyā gośabdatvādikā na tu sakalaśabdasādhāraṇī śabdatvādiḥ | evaṃ cāsādhāraṇatvena viśeṣaṇāttayā saṃbandhāvyabhicāraḥ śabdasyārthajātyā saṃbandhavyabhicāre'pīti svā jātiḥ eva mukhyamabhidheyamityuktaṃ bhavati | tathā ca vākyakāraḥ--
5.2.6.p2
`na vā śabdapūrvako hyarthe saṃpratyayaḥ’(Va.on P.1.1.67)
5.2.6.p3
iti | ata evāvyabhicāriṇyāḥ svārūpajāterarthajātyabhidhāne śabdasya nāntarīyakamabhidhānamiti prathamam ityāha | yadabhedena yatpratipattiḥ tadavaśyaṃ tatra pratipattavyamityetāvatātra prāthamyam, na tu krameṇābhidhānāt | yadvā saṃbandhavyutpattikālāpekṣaṃ prāthamyam | tathā hi-saṃbandhavyutpattikāle'rthajātyā nāsti saṃbandhaḥ | tathātve vācakatvena tatra viniyogo'narthakaḥ syāt, arthasya pratipannitvāditi so'rthastāvattena śabdena na pratipannaḥ | yadi ca svajātyabhidhānaṃ tadānīṃ na syāt tadānarthakatvādvibhaktiyogo na syāditi
5.2.6-2
`prāk saṃjñinābhisaṃbandhātsaṃjñā rūpapadārthikā’(Vak.b.I.66)
ityuktam | rūpaṃ hi svarūpaṃ svā jātirveti darśanabhedena kathyate | sarvaiḥ iti | svarūpaparairarthaparaiśca, tasyā eva svarūpatayā vyavahārāt | tathāvyutpannairapi śabdairavinābhāvācchabdasvarūpeṇāvasthitā jātiḥ pratipadyate | arthasya jhaṭityeva śabdasvarūpābhedenāvabodhe'pi yathā pratipāditakramāśrayeṇa tataḥ svajātipratyāyanādanantaramarthajātīnāṃ gotvādīnāmātmasu tasyāḥ śabdajāteḥ samāropasya kalpanā na paramārthaḥ, śabdavivartatvenārthasya śabdāttattvato bhedābhāvāt |
(28) yadvā saṃbandhavyutpattikāle gorayamartha ityarthajātyā śabdajāteratyantabhedātsāmānādhikaraṇyānyathānupapattyā abhedādhyāropaḥ kalpyate | yathā gorvāhīka iti | anyathā saṅketasyaiva kartumaśakyatvāt | yathā cāyamanādirapauruṣeyo vācyavācakabhāvaḥ tathādhyāroro'pi | anyathā vācyavācakabhāva eva na ghaṭeta, yathā bauddhasya dṛśyavikalpārthaikīkāro bhedānadhyavasāyalakṣaṇaḥ, na tu yathā gaurvāhīka ityatra puruṣecchayā adhyāropaḥ | vyavahāre śabdārthayoḥ sadaivābhedāvasāyātkathamiyaṃ prativarṇanabhivyaktāsādhāraṇī jātirasamasamayabhāvibhirvarṇairabhivyajyata iti cet yathotkṣepaṇatvādijātiriti brūmaḥ | tathā hi--pratyekaṃ karmakṣaṇānāmupavyañjakatve'pi yaḥ prathama utkṣepaṇakṣaṇaḥ sa paramāṇumātradeśākramaṇamātrarūpatvāt bhramaṇakṣaṇāt sārūpyavaśādanavadhāryamāṇabheda ekaiko'samartho niyatajātyabhivyañcane iti kṣaṇāntaramapekṣate | na ca tasya bhramaṇakṣaṇādviśeṣo nāsti, upakrama enotkṣipāmītyevaṃprayatnajanitatvāt | evaṃ gośabdamuccārayāmītyayaṃ prayatno yadyapi gānagaganaśabdajanakātprayatnādanya eva, hetubhedācca gakārayorapi bheda eva tathāpi sādṛśyādasau duravadhāra iti vyañjako'pi san prathamo dhvanirasphuṭamabhivyaktītyāvartamāno'pi na viśadatarasāmānyaviśeṣābhivyaktau hetuḥ | yadā tvavayavaprabandhaḥ krameṇopalabdho bhavati, atha śabdajātiviśeṣopādhiyuktāḥ vyavahārā avatiṣṭhante | tadānīṃ sāhacaryātparasparāvacchedavaśena vilakṣaṇatayā pratibhāsanāt | yathā ca ślokaḥ sakṛtpaṭhyamāno nāvadhāryate, abhyāsena tu sphuṭāvabhāsaḥ tathā caramacetasi cakāsti ratnatattvavatsphoṭatattvam | prathamākṣareṇa hi jāterābhāsamātraṃ janyate taduttarottaravarṇakalāpena tu sphaṭatarasphuṭatamaparicchedādhānam | saṃskāraviśeṣotpādanadvāreṇābhivyaktiviśeṣasya ratnatattvādau dṛṣṭeḥ | tasmācchabdādarthaṃ pratipadyāmahe iti vyavahārādvarṇānāmarthāvasāyajanakatvānupapatteḥ prakriyābhaṅgasya prathamakāṇḍa eva vihitatvānniravayavaṃ pratyāyakaṃ śabdatattvaṃ jātivyaktibhedena bhinnaṃ sphoṭasvabhāvamevāṅgīkāryam | gaurayamartha iti ca vācakābhedena vācyapratīteḥ tadadhyāsakhacitavapurvvavahāryo'rthaḥ | tatra ca svarūpasya vācyatā prathamakāṇḍa eva nirṇītā, iha tu saṃbandhasamuddeśe'pi nirṇeṣyate ||
5.2.6-2.p1
(29) tatraitat syāt--śabdasamavāyi sāmānyaṃ vyadhikaraṇatvātkathamarthajātimabhedena vyapadiśedityāśaṅkya nidarśanenaitadvyutpādayati--
5.2.7
yathā rakte guṇe tattvaṃ kaṣāye vyapadiśyate |
saṃyogisannikarṣācca vastrādiṣvapi gṛhyate ||
5.2.8
tathā śabdārthasaṃbandhācchabde jātiravasthitā |
vyapadeśe'rthajātīnāṃ jātikāryāya kalpate ||
5.2.7.8
(30) rakte guṇe tattvam | tasya raktasya guṇasya bhāvo raktatvaṃ lauhityasāmānyaṃ guṇavyaktisamavetamucyate | tatsamavetasamavāyāt kaṣāye raktaguṇādhāre dravye vyapadiśyate vyapadeśāya kalpate | tadviśeṣaṇabhūtaṃ hi tatkaṣāyadravyamabhidhīyate lohitā lākṣeti | tena saṃyogino vastrādayaḥ tayoḥ saṃyoginoḥ kaṣāyavastrayoḥ saṃnikarṣaḥ saṃbhedaḥ, tasmānnimittāttatrāpi tallauhityaṃ gṛhyate | saṃyuktasamavetasamavāyādvastrādiṣvapi lauhityanimitto vyapadeśaḥ, lohitaṃ vastramityarthaḥ | tathā śabdārthasaṃbandhāt iti | lohitaguṇakaṣāyadravyasaṃbandhasthānīyātsamānādhikaraṇatayāvasthitāt svābhāvikāttathā kevalaṃ vyutpattikāle nirjñātāttadanyathānupapattyaivādhyāropasya kalpanātsaṃbandhādeva śabdajātyā vyapadeśaḥ | artho'trārthajātiḥ, tasyā eva vācyatvaprakramāt | vyapadeśe kalpate svarūpābhedena, jātikāryāya kalpate-jātyādiśabde jātiṣu vācakatvena pravartamānā sthitā jātirna kevalaṃ vyapadeśāya kalpate yāvajjātikāryāya ca | athavā vyapadeśe sati jātikāryāya kalpata ityarthaḥ | niḥsāmānyāni sāmānyānītyarthajātīnāṃ svato jātirahitatve tatkāryaṃ śabdapratyayānuvṛttilakṣaṇaṃ śabdārthayoḥ so'yamityabhedena saṃbandhācchabdasamavāyinī jātirarthenādhyāropitābhedā saṃpādayantī tadātmanā saṃpadyata ityupacaryate | vyaktirūpe ca śabde jātessamavāyo na tu varṇeṣviti avasthitā ityupapadyate | varṇānāṃ hi yaugapadyābhāvādavācakatvamiti kathaṃ tatra śabdajāteḥ samavāyassyāt | kevalaṃ sphoṭasya jātivyaktibhedena darśanadvayamiti vyaktisphoṭe jātiḥ samavetā | arthabhedena hi bhinnasya nityasya śabdasyābhinnābhidhānapratyayaheturjātiravaśyābhyupagantavyā | ata eva jātyācchuritāyā vyaktereva vācakatvam | upalakṣaṇabhūtā tu jātirāśrīyate iti kathamatrānanuyāyinyā vyaktervācakatvamiti na codanīyam |
(31) śabdārthasaṃbadhaścātra yogyatālakṣaṇo'bhipretaḥ | sarvo hi śabdaḥ saṃjñātvena niyujyamānaḥ sarvatrārthe yogyatālakṣaṇena saṃbandhena saṃbaddhaḥ | kevalaṃ śaktyavacchedamātre saṃjñākarturvyāpāro na tvapūrvasaṃketakaraṇe, arthasaṃbandhasyāpauruṣeyatvāt | evaṃ cādaikṣu vṛddhiśabdo nāpūrva eva saṃketita iti sarveṣāmanekārthatvādvaktṛbhedādvānekatve samānākārapratyayanibandhanajātireṣaṇīyā | tadyathākāśasya saṃyogibhedena kalpitābhedasyānekatve satyākāśatvaṃ lakṣyate | na caivaṃ sarvasmātsarvārthapratītiprasaṅgaḥ, prasiddhivaśenārthapratīteḥ kutracit kasyacit prasiddhatvāt | prasiddhānāṃ cārthānāmarthaprakaraṇādayo vibhāgahetava uktāḥ | tadyathā gośabdena navasvartheṣu sannihiteṣvapi prakaraṇādeḥ pratiniyatārthāvasāyaḥ | tadevaṃ śabdajātyā śabdavyaktirvācikā prathamamabhedena vyapadiśyate tato'rthajātiḥ tatastavdyaktirityayaṃ vāstavaḥ kramaḥ | pratyāyane tvakramataiva | śabdācchuritatve'pi cārthasya na svarūpavyapagamaḥ | yathā hyālokācchurito'pi ghaṭo na svarūpeṇa tirobhavati, evaṃ śabdasvarūpoparakto'rthaḥ | svarūpāropeṇa śabdālokayorarthaprakāśakatvasyaivaṃvidhasya dṛṣṭeḥ | yathā ca gaurvāhīka ityantra na gotvamātraṃ pratīyate, api tvadhyāropitagorūpo vāhīkaḥ, evamihāpi, na tu sphaṭikamaṇāvivārthe śabdajāteḥ samāveśo vivakṣitaḥ, tasyaiva vāhīkavat pratyāyyatvāt | svābhāvikaścāyamarthapratyāyane śabdānāmabhedajasaṃbandho'bhyupāya iti pratipādyo'pi tathaiva pratipadyate | na hi puruṣādhīnametat | anādau saṃsāre'nenaiva prakāreṃṇa saṃbandhavyutpatteḥ ko'tra niyato'dhyāropayitā kalpyatām | avyutpannasaṃketasyāpi cābhinnapratyayotpatterarthajātirapyastīti na śabdajātirevādhyāropitāstviti vācyam | śābdī ceyamevaṃvidhā pratītiriti cākṣuṣeṇa raktādipratyayena nidarśanabhūtena vyutpāditā | vastusanniveśitvābhāve'pi ca śabdajāterayamanādiradhyāropo rūḍhaḥ | sadaiva vyavahāre śabdārthayorabhedāvasāyādbhedasyāpi ca gorvāhīka itivat pratibhānānmityājñānamidaṃ na bhavati | prāk ca saṃbandhasaṃvedanasamayādarthajātayo bhedenāvabhāntyeva | avyutpannasaṃketasya bālakasya puro'vasthiteṣu sāsnādimatsu piṇḍeṣu bhinnaḥ pratyaya utpadyate tadā vācakasannidhānābhāvādabhinnapratyayaheturarthajātiravadhāryate | ata eva kathaṃ bhedenānirdhāritāyāmarthajātau śabdajātiḥ samāropyate ityādi na codanīyam ||
5.2.7.8.p1
(32) jātikāryāya kalpata ityuktamevārthamabhivyanakti--
5.2.9
jātiśabdaikaśeṣe sā jātīnāṃ jātiriṣyate |
śabdajātaya ityatra tajjātiśśabdajātiṣu ||
5.2.9.p1
(33) "ākṛtyabhidhānādvaikavibhaktau vājapyāyanaḥ" (Va.on P.1.2.64)
5.2.9-2
iti jātipakṣe pratyākhyānādekaśeṣasya tatphalamekaśabdaprayogo'traikaśeṣa uktaḥ | sahavivakṣā caikaśeṣeṇa lakṣyate | jātiśabdaikaśeṣe prasakta iti vā yojanīyam | sā iti śabdajātiḥ | arthajātīnābhedena pratyavasyamānā jātiśabdagatā jātirekaśabdatvaṃ saṃpādayati jātikāryam | tadyathā gāvo vṛkṣā ityādirabhinnasāmānyanibandhanastadekārthasamavāyāt samāśritaviśiṣṭasaṅkhya ekaśabdaprayogaḥ | tathā jātaya imā ityayamapi jātyāśrayāparajātyabhāvādvācarajātyadhyāsāśraya upapadyate | śabdagataṃ ca sāmānyaṃ jātikāryamupacaratītyucyate na tvarthajātiṣveveti niyamaḥ kenacitkriyate iti | yadā śabdajātayo'pi pratyāyyāḥ tadā āsvapyabhidhānagataṃ jātikāryāya kalpata evetyāha śabdajātaya ityatra iti | tajjātiḥ śabdajātiḥ śabdagataṃ sāmānyam | śabdajātaya imā ityatraika padaprayoge tasyoccaritasya śabdajātiśabdasya yā jātiḥ sā śabdajātiṣu hośabdatvādikāsu vyaktisthānīyāsu pratipādyāsvabhinnaśabdaprayoge nibandhanamityarthaḥ ||
5.2.9-2.p1
(34) yadyevaṃ śabdajātiḥ śabdagatānāmapi jātīnāmanyā vācakajātistāsāmapyanyetyanavasthāprasaṅga ityāśaṅkyāha--
5.2.10
yā śabdajātiḥ śabdeṣu śabdebhyo bhinnalakṣaṇā |
jātissā śabdajātitvamapyatikramya vartate ||
5.2.10-2
(35) prayoktṛbhedādvahuṣu śabdajātiśabdeṣu, abhinnapratyayanibandhanā yā jātistebhya eva śabdebhyaḥ svāśrayabhūtebhyo bhinnasvabhāvā sā gośabdātvādiśabdajātivargāntaḥ pātinī na tu vyapadeśāntarārhā | śabdajātiśabdasyāpi hośabdatvādivat śabdajātaya ityanenaivaikaśabdaprayogeṇa sāpi pratyāyyata iti na prayogānavasthāpattirityabhiprāyaḥ ||
5.2.10-2.p1
(36) tadevaṃ svanikāyasiddhādhyāsadarśanāśrayeṇa sārvatrikī jātipadārthavyavasthā darśitā | svarūpabhūtā hi jātiḥ sarveṣāṃ śabdānāmantaraṅgatvādasādhāraṇatvādaheyatvācca prathamaṃ pratipādyā | idānīmadhyāsānāśrayeṇāpi prauḍhavāditayā jātipadārthavyāptimupapādayitumāha--
5.2.11
arthajātyabhidhāne'pi sarve jātyabhidhāyinaḥ |
vyāpāralakṣaṇā yasmātpadārthāḥ samavasthitāḥ ||
5.2.11.p1
(37) anyathā cātra saṃbandhaḥ | tathā hi--astu śabdajāterarthajātīnāṃ jātikāryam, saṃbandhavyutpattistu na ghaṭate | yatra hi saṃketastatra śabdajātiradhyasyate | sa eva tvanekatvādarthajātīnā sāmānyāntaramantareṇa na saṃbhavatītyāha-arthajātyabhidhāne'pi ityādi | yadā viśuddhā enārthajātayaḥ śabdairabhidhīyanta ityāśrīyate tadāpi sarve jātyabhidhāyinaḥ jātyādiśabdā api tadā jātivācina eva | nanu nissāmānyāni sāmānyānīti siddhāntātkathaṃ jātyādiśabdā api jātyādhāraṃ jātimabhidadhyurityāha--`vyāpāralakṣaṇāḥ’ iti | vyāpāraḥ kāryaṃ prayojanaṃ tadeva lakṣyate'neneti lakṣaṇaṃ heturyeṣāṃ padapratyāyyānāmarthānāṃ te tathā niyamitasvarūpāḥ | ayamāśayaḥ | vaiśeṣikādīnāṃ bhavantu niḥsāmānyāni sāmānyāni | tāni hi vyaktiṣvanvayapratyayāvaseyāṃni paropādhirūpāṇi svatantravyaktivadidantāvabhāsitvābhāvāt sāmānyāntareṇa nopādhīyante | vaiyākaraṇānāṃ śabdārtho'rtha ityabhyureyatāmanvayirūpāvacchedena śābdasya pratyayasyotpatterjātiṣvapi jātiraviruddhābhyupagamyā | etadeva hi vyaktiṣavapi jātyabhyupagame nimitamityatrāpi tathābhyupagame kaḥ pradveṣaḥ | pratyakṣā api ca padārthāḥ svākāryaṃ vijñānādikaṃ kurvantaḥ santīti vyavahriyante, kiṃ punavaḥ śabdavācyāḥ padārthā iti sāmānyavacanād dravyādayo'pi śabdavācyatvenaiva lakṣyante | śabdapramāṇakānāṃ hi yacchabda āha tatparamārtharūpam | tathā cānvayirūpeṇa guṇo'pyabhidhīyamāno jātireva | yathopamāsamāse śyāmādiḥ | tathā ca
5.2.11-2
`upamānāni sāmānyavacanaiḥ’ (P.2.1.55)
ityucyate |
(38) evaṃ kriyāpyabhedenābhidhīyamānā jātiḥ | tathedaṃ taditi svātantryeṇa viśeṣyatayābhidhīyamānā jātiguṇakriyā api dravyamiti yathāvasaramagre nirṇeṣyata eva | etacca laukikavyavahārānuguṇyena śāstre'smin vyutpādyate | śāstrāntaraprasiddhā hi vyavasthā lokaviruddhā | loke hi `gavi śṛṅgam’, `vṛkṣe śākhā’ iti vyavahāraḥ | tathaiva ca vyākaraṇe'pyādhārasaptamī | śāstrāntare tvavayaveṣvavayavīti `śṛṅge gauḥ’,`śākhāyāṃ vṛkṣaḥ’ iti syāt | itthaṃ ca śabdābhidheyasyehārthatvātsarve jātyabhidhāyinaḥ, yasmācchabdavyāpāreṇa padārthā lakṣyante | yadyapi bahirvastūni na santi tathāpi śabdaistathā pratyāyyante, ato'bhidhāvyāpāravaśādanvayirūpeṇa pratyāyanāvdyāptirjātau padārthe siddhetyeṣo'pyarthaḥ ||
5.2.11-2.p1
(39) abhidhālakṣaṇavyāpāratvameva vyaktayati--
5.2.12
jātau padārthe jātirvā viśeṣo vāpi jātivat |
śabdairapekṣyate yasmādataste jātivācinaḥ ||
5.2.12-2
(40) jātau padārthe iti pakṣāvacchedaṃ karoti | atra hi pakṣe sarva eva śabdo jātivācīṃtyabhyupagantavyam | bhavatu mā vā bhūjjātiṣu jātiḥ | śabdaistu jāti vyatiriktayā jātyaikasvabhāvaiva apekṣyate pratyāyyatvenāṅgīkriyate | svālakṣaṇyena hi vastūnāṃ bhedaḥ śabdaiḥ spraṣṭuṃ na śakyate, anvayirūpāveśena saṃbandhavyutpattau śabdasya vācakatvāt | tathā ca jātīnāmitaretarabhedo vastusannābhidhīyate, api tvabhedakalpanena tā abhidhīyante | abhedaśca sāmānyamiti siddhamekaśabdatvājjātaya iti |
(41) tathā yo'pi viśeṣaḥ saṃjñāśabdānāṃ vācyaḥ pratītiniyataḥ so'pi jātivat prasiddhajātyā tulyam, apekṣyate śabdaiḥ | tatrāpi bālyakaumārādyavasthābhedaḥ śabdena na spṛśyate, api tvavasthātṛrūpamevānugatam, taddhi pratyabhijñāpratyayanimittaṃ tatrāvaśyābhyupagantavyam | ataḥ yasmājjātivatsarvamapekṣyate śabdaistasmājjātiṃ viśeṣaṃ vā pratipādayantaḥ sarve jātyabhidhāyinaḥ iti jātyabhidhānavyāptiṃ nigamayati | itthaṃ ca saṃjñāśabdānāmapi jātivādimate jātiśabdatvamityekaiva śabdānāṃ pravṛttiḥ ||
5.2.13
(42) evaṃ darśanāntare'pi śabdavyāpārāśrayaṇa eva vyāptisiddhirityāha--
dravyadharmā padārthe tu dravye sarvo'rtha ucyate |
dravyadharmāśrayād dravyamataḥ sarvo'rtha iṣyate ||
5.2.13-2
(43) na kevalaṃ mayaiva jātipadārthavādinaitadaṅgīkṛtaṃ sarvo'rtho jātiriti, yāvad dravye api padārthe, dravyapadārthapakṣe'pi dravyadharmā sarvo'rtha ucyate, kutaḥ ? dravyadharmāṇāmāśrayaṇāt | dravyamataḥ sarvo'rtha iṣyate | vyāptirataḥ siddhā bhavatītyarthaḥ | dravyavādināpyetadabhyupetavyaṃ vyāptisiddhaye | śabdena yo'rtha ucyate sarvo'sau dravyadharmayukta evetyabhiprāyaḥ | yathā tava dravyavādinaḥ kecideva śabdā mukhyadravyābhidhāyinastadanye tūpacapitadravyābhidhāyinaḥ tathā mamāpi jātivādino mukhyāṃ jātimabhidadhati kecit, upacaritāmanya iti matadvaye'pi sāmyam | tatra dravyadharmā idaṃ taditi pratyavamarśayogyatvam, pariniṣpannatā, svātantryam, liṅgasaṅkhyāyogaścetyevamādayaḥ | teṣāṃ śuklādiguṇeṣvapyadhyāropātte'pi dravyasyeva dharmo yeṣāmiti dravyadharmāṇaḥ | tathā hi--śuklo nīlaṃ strīpunnapuṃsakāni sattvaguṇāḥ | tathaikatvādayaścetyādibhiḥ śabdaiḥ pratyāyyamānā guṇādayo dravyadharmāṇaḥ svātantryādirūpeṇāvabhāsanta iti sarvo'rtho dravyarūpeṇābhidhīyate ||
5.2.13-2.p1
(44) evaṃ śabdavyāpārāśrayeṇa vyāptirupapāditā | adhunā vaiśeṣikadṛṣṭyāpyarthagatasamānadharmāśrayeṇa jātipadārthavyāptimāha--
5.2.14
anuvṛttidharmo vā jātissyātasarvajātiṣu |
vyāvṛttidharmasāmānyaṃ viśeṣe jātiriṣyate ||
5.2.14-2
(45) jātīnāmetajjātitvaṃ yeyaṃ svāśrayānuvṛttiḥ sarvajātīnāṃ sādhāraṇo dharmaḥ | sā ca tābhyo'nanyāpi sādṛśyādabhedena parāmṛṣṭā satī sarvāsāṃ jātiḥ | sarvaiva hi jātiḥ svavyaktīranuvartate | upalakṣaṇaṃ caiṣa dharmaḥ | tena svānurūpapratyayajanakatvam, yadbalād dravyaṃ tadrūpamābhāti | svānurūpābhidhānahetutvam, yadvaśād dravyaṃ yadvaśād dravyaṃ tadrūpābhidhānavācyaṃ bhavati | pratyāśrayaṃ ca sarvātmanā parisamāptiḥ sādhāraṇo jātidharmaḥ | yadi bhāgaśo jātirvarteta tadā bhāgaśa eva gotvādipratyayaḥ syāt | saṃpūrṇaśca viṣāṇādyavayavadarśane'pi jhaṭiti gotvākāraḥ pratyayaḥ prasūyate | pratyāśrayaparisamāptā api ca guṇāḥ pratidravyaṃ bhinnāḥ, jātistekaivetyevamādayo'sādhāraṇā dharmā vācyāḥ | yathā ca gotvādijātissarvā vyaktīrvyāpnoti tathaite dharmāḥ sarvajātīrvyāpnuvantīti jātyā tulyarūpatvājjātikāryāya kalpante | evaṃ sarva eva viśeṣā vyāvartante | anyathānugamāt sāmānyāni syurna viśeṣā iti sarvaviśeṣeṣu sādhāraṇī vyāvṛttiḥ sāmānyasamo dharmo bhavaṃsteṣu jātiḥ ityucyate |
(46) nanvevaṃ gopiṇḍeṣvapi sāsnālāṅagūlakhurakakudaviṣāṇādyavayavasaṃbandhasya sādhāraṇatvātsaiva jātirastu | maivam | sāsnādimattvena sāsnājimānityādipratyayo jāyate na tu gaurgauriti | anurūpaṃ hi kāryaṃ kāraṇaṃ kalpayati,tadyathā daṇḍīti pratyaye daṇḍasaṃbandho nimittaṃ na tu daṇḍaupāditsā | yadyevamanupravṛttāvapi na jātirjātiriti pratyayo yuktaḥ, vyāvṛttyā ca viśeṣo viśeṣa iti | naitadevam | gatyantarābhāvādatra sadṛśā eva dharmā jātiḥ kalpate, mukhye jātimattve nirṇītam | nityadravyavṛttiṣu vyāvṛttipratyayajanakeṣu viśeṣeṣu sāmānyābhyupagame saṃśayāpanodāya viśeṣāntarakalpane teṣāmapi sāmānyasamavāye sandehaviṣayatvādviśeṣāntarābhyupagame'navasthāprasaṅgaḥ | atha kaścinnissāmānyo'sti viśeṣaḥ, tadā tadaviśeṣātsarve'pi tathā syurityanyatra vistareṇoktam | gopiṇḍeṣu sāmānyābhyupagame na kiñcidbādhakamiti na tatra yathākathañcinnimittaṃ parikalpyam | tadevaṃ yatra jātyabhyupagame pramāṇabādhāsti tatra sadṛśadharmarūpā jātiḥ | tathā cābhāve'vapi sāmānyābhyupagame bhāvatvāpatterabhavanātmakadharmasāmānyādanvayipratyayaviṣayateti saiva tatrāpi jātiḥ ||
5.2.14-2.p1
(47) kālākāśādiśāmekatvānnityatvenāvasthābhedābhāvācca kathaṃ jātiḥ, yena vyāptisiddhirityata āha--
5.2.15
saṃyogidharmabhedena deśe ca parikalpite |
teṣu deśeṣu sāmānyamākāśasyāpi vidyate ||
5.2.15.p1
(48) yathā sāmānyaviśeṣāṇāmanvayidharmopādhirabhedaḥ tathākāśasyāpi saṃyogopādhirbheda iti prakṛtāpekṣaḥ samuccayaḥ | ākāśena saṃyogo vidyate yeṣāmākāśādhikaraṇānāṃ ghaṭādīnām, te saṃyoginaḥ | ākāśaṃ hi sarveṣāṃ mūrtānāmadhikaraṇam | avakāśadānāddhi tadākāśam | mūrtāstu bhāvāḥ parasparaṃ pratibandhakā iti na te'vakāśadāyinaḥ | saṃyogināṃ dharmabhedaḥ pratyakṣādipramāṇasiddhaṃ parimitatvaṃ tadvaśādvā lokaprasiddhaṃ parimitadeśavṛttitvam | yatra hi deśe saṃyogaḥ parisamāpto vartate sa pradeśo bhavatyākāśasyānekaḥ | kāryaṃ prati deśaḥ pradeśa iti nirvacanāt | guṇāśca kecivdyāpyavṛttayaḥ, yathā rūpādayaḥ | saṃyogastu mūrtiparicchinnavastuvṛttiriti sarvadā pradeśavṛttireva | ataḥ saṃyogasya niyatadeśatayā saṃyogino'pi niyatadeśavṛttaya iti saṃyogidharmabhedena ākāśasya bhedo bhavatyupādhikṛto na svataḥ | yadāha-deśe ca parikalpite iti | deśabhedācca sāmānyamākāśasyāpi vidyate | ataśca pratideśam `idamākāśam, idamākāśam’ ityabhinnābhidhānapratyayānuvṛttilakṣaṇamākāśasāmānyamākāśaśabdagocaro'sti |
5.2.15.p2
(49) evaṃ samānanyāyatvātkālādīnāmapi pradeśaparikalpanena sāmānyamupavarṇanīyam | tathā hi-kālasya yudhiṣṭhirādisaṃyogavaśena bhede satyabhinnaṃ kālasāmānyaṃ kālaśabdavācyamasti | evaṃ meruṃ pradakṣiṇamāvartamānasya saviturlokapālagṛhītairdeśaviśeṣairye saṃyogāḥ tadupādhinā sūryeṇa diśaḥ saṃyoge sati bhede'bhinnaṃ diksāmānyaṃ dikśabdavācyaṃ parikalpyam | ātmā tu pratiśarīramanya eveti tatrāpyastyevātmatvasāmānyam | evaṃ samavāyasyāpi saṃbandhibhedānnānātvopacāre sarvatrehabuddhyanuvṛtterjātiḥ parikalpanīyā | nanu ca saṃyogideśenākāśasya deśaparikalpaḥ tena saṃyogināmitītaretarāśrayatvam | naitadasti | itaretaravyāvṛttirūpataiva rathādīnāṃ mūrtatvāparicchinnaparimāṇatvaṃ bodhayati | kalpitāstvākāśadeśā lokaprasiddhāḥ saṃyogivastugatāṃ paricchinnadeśatāṃ jñāpayanti | sāmānyena hyākāśadeśatve rathādīnāṃ pratyakṣādipramāṇāvasitarūpaviruddhaṃ vyāpitvamāropitaṃ svagatena parimitatvenākāśasya pradeśakalpanayā nirākriyeta | yadyevaṃ kalpitā deśāḥ kathamākāśasya svato niravayavasya deśabhedanibandhanaṃ kāryaṃ jātiprakḷptilakṣaṇaṃ jātiśabdapravṛttilakṣaṇaṃ vā kuryuḥ, yena tadnatā jātirabhidhīyeta | ucyate | vyaktisthānīyānāṃ deśānāmadvaitadarśane yathāsatyatvam
5.2.15-2
`asatyā vyaktayaḥ smṛtāḥ’(verse 32 infra)
iti vakṣyate tathehāpyākāśasya satyatve vyaktīnāṃ na kaścidvirodhaḥ ||
5.2.15-2.p1
(50) athavā mukhyā evākāśasya deśā ghaṭājīnāmivetyāha--
5.2.16
adeśānāṃ ghaṭādīnāṃ deśāssaṃbandhino yathā |
ākāśasyāpyadeśasya deśāssaṃbandhinastathā ||
5.2.16-2
(51) iha deśo'vayava ucyate | ghaṭādayaścāvayavinaḥ svātmani niravayavāḥ | ye hi teṣāmavayavabhūtāḥ kapālādayaste ārambhakāḥ kāraṇabhūtā vyatiriktā eva samavāyasaṃbandhena saṃbandhinaḥ | evamākāśamapi kenacidapyanārabdhatvādamūrtaṃ vyāpi niravayavamityātmabhūtadeśābhāvād dravyādayaḥ saṃyogina evāsya deśāḥ, tathā tadbhedādākāśabhede sarvatrābhinnapratyayānugamājjātiparikalpaḥ | ākāśaṃ hyavacchindanto'rthā deśāstasya bhavanti | tatkṛtāvacchedaṃ cākāśamapi teṣāmādhārabhāvāpatterdeśa ityanyonyadeśatvaṃ mūrtāmūrtayoḥ mūrtāstvavyāpakāḥ parasparamavacchedakā na bhavantītyādhāra evaiteṣāṃ deśaḥ ||
5.2.16-2.p1
(52) kathaṃ tarhi deśe gauṇatvavyavahāraḥ | yadi hi kasyacinmukhyāḥ pradeśā ātmabhūtāḥ syustadāyaṃ yuktaḥ syānnānyathetyata āha--
5.2.17
bhinnavastvāśrayā buddhiḥ saṃyogiṣvanuvartate |
samavāyiṣu bhedasya grahaṇaṃ vinivartate ||
5.2.18
ataḥ saṃyogideśānāṃ gauṇatvaṃ parikalpyate |
avivekātpradeśebhyo mukhyatvaṃ samavāyinām ||
5.2.17.18
(53) bhinne pṛthaksiddhe vastuni āśrayo yasyā buddheḥ | aprāptayoḥ prāptiḥ saṃyoga iti pṛthaksiddhapadārthaviṣayā saṃyogabuddhiḥ | bhedasya grahaṇaṃ vinivartate iti, yato'pṛthaksiddhānāmihabuddhihetuḥ samavāyaḥ, yathā `iha kapāleṣu ghaṭaḥ’ iti | ataḥ iti, bhedena grahaṇāt | avivekāt, vivektumaśakyatvāt | yato bhinnā buddhiḥ saṃyoginām, ataḥ tatpradeśānāṃ gauṇatvam | yataśca samavāyināmabhinnā buddhiḥ, atastatra mukhyatvam | samavāyaprabhāvāddhi pradeśebhyo vivektuṃ samavāyino na śakyanta iti teṣveva deśeṣu kapālādiṣveva tadārabdhamavayavi dravyamupalabhyate | atastatra mukhyāḥ samavāyinaḥ pradeśatvena vyavasthāpyante | saṃyuktānāṃ tu naivamiti gauṇatvamityanenaupacārikatvamākāśadeśānāṃ samarthitam | nanu ca ghaṭādīnāṃ saṃyogināṃ parasparasaṃyoge'pi parasparadeśabhāvo na bhavati, evamākāśenāpi na syāt | naitadasti| ākāśena sadā saṃbaddhā rathādaya iti tatrādhyāropo yukto na tu ghaṭādīnāmaniyatasaṃyogānām | ata eva ghaṭādiṣvākāśānugataḥ pratyayo dṛśyata eva ghaṭākāśaḥ paṭākāśa ityādi, adhyārope ca na bhedavigalanamityuktam ||
5.2.17.18.p1
(54) tadevaṃ vaiśeṃṣikadarśanāśrayeṇa jātipadārthavyāptirupapāditā | idānīṃ vijñānavādenāpi padārthavyavasthāmāha--
5.2.19
anupravṛttirūpāṃ yāṃ prakhyātāmākṛtiṃ viduḥ |
kecivdyāvṛttirūpāṃ tu dravyatvena pracakṣate ||
5.2.19-2
(55) `sarvapārṣadaṃ hīdaṃ śāstram’ iti, śabdārtho'rtha iti vā padārthavyavastheyam | anugatākārā yā buddhistasyāṃ pratibhāsamānastadākāro'rtharūpatayāvasīyamānavapurdṛśyavikalpayorabhedādhyavasāyātsāmānyamāhuḥ | vyāvṛttākārabuddhisanniveśitvākāro'tra ca darśane dravyamiti prasaṅgāduktam | evaṃ ca bāhyasya sāmānyasyābhāvādākāśādāvapi tatsamarthane na prayatitavyam | anapahnavanīyābhinnākārapratyayopajanasya sarvatraiva siddhervijñānanaye ca sarvameva pratyayātmakamaṅgīkṛtameva | śabdāduccaritādvākāravatī buddhirutpadyata iti tadākārasyaiva śabdārthatvam, na buddheḥ | sa hyākāro bāhyo'stu, na vā, śabdavācyatvasya na kācitkṣatiḥ ||
5.2.19-2.p1
(56) nanu ca vastūnāṃ deśakālādinimitto bheda iti tadanādareṇābhinnānyeva tānu siddhānīti kimarthaṃ vyatiriktasāmānyakalpanāyāṃ prayasyata ityāśaṅkyāha--
5.2.20
bhinnā iti paropādhirabhinnā iti vā punaḥ |
bhāvatmasu prapañco'yaṃ saṃsṛṣṭeṣveva jāyate ||
5.2.20-2
(57) nirupādhino vastuno'vyavahāryatvātsarva eva paropāśrayo vyavahāra iti sāmānyādau vyatiriktasāmānyakalpanaivamakārītyatra tātparyārthaḥ ||
5.2.20-2.p1
(58) etadeva vyatirekamukhenāpi prapañyati--
5.2.21
naikatvaṃ nāpi nānātvaṃ na sattvaṃ na ca nāstitā |
ātmatattveṣu bhāvānāmasaṃsṛṣṭeṣu vidyate ||
5.2.21-2
(59) ekatvasaṅkhyīdhīna ekatvena vyavahāraḥ, pṛthaktvanibandhano nānātvena, sattānibandhanaḥ sattvena, svarūpasattvena tu sāmānyādīnāmabhāvopādhirnāstīti vyavahāra iti saṃsargadarśane sarvaḥ paropāśrayo'yaṃ prapañco vaicitryam ||
5.2.21-2.p1
(60) evaṃ vyatiriktopādhidarśanamupanyasyādhunā svaśaktaya evopādhaya ityadvaitadarśanāśrayeṇāpi prāha--
5.2.22
śarvaśaktyātmabhūtatvamekasyaiveti nirṇayaḥ |
bhāvānāmātmabhedasya kalpanā syādanarthikā ||
5.2.22-2
(61) ekameva brahma sarvaśaktīti pramāṇena siddhe'sminnarthe'vidyāpārikalpitasya bhāvabhedasyāpāramārthikatvātkāryanānātvonnīyamānaḥ śaktibheda evaikasya yukto na tu svarūpabhedaḥ ||
5.2.22-2.p1
(62) tathā ca
5.2.23
tasmād dravyādayaḥ sarvāḥ śaktayo bhinnalakṣaṇāḥ |
saṃsṛṣṭāḥ puruṣārthasya sādhikā na tu kevalāḥ ||
5.2.23.p1
(63) dravyaguṇakarmasāmānyaviśeṣasamavāyalakṣaṇāḥ padārthā na pṛthagbhūtāḥ | ekasyaiva śaktayo vilakṣaṇavyāpārānumeyā iti tā yathāyathamupagatasamanvayāḥ prāvaraṇādyarthakriyākāriṇya ityasmin mate sarvatraiva jātivyaktipravibhāgaḥ kalpitaḥ
5.2.23-2
`satyāsatyau tu yau bhāgau’ (verse 32 infra)
ityatra vakṣyamāṇa iti nākāśādīnāmapi kaścidviśeṣa ityarthaḥ | yathā hi vaiśeṣikāṇāṃ vyatiriktaṃ sāmānyam,naivamiha, kevalaṃ viśvamūrteḥ padārthasya śaktimātram | na kevalaṃ sāmānyameva, yāvad dravyādayo'pīti prasaṅgātkathitam | bhedābhyupagame'pi dravyādīnāṃ saṃsṛṣṭānāmarthakāritve varamekameva śaktimadastvityarthaḥ ||
5.2.23-2.p1
(64) tatraitatsyāt saṃsṛṣṭānāṃ sādhanatve tāsāmasāmarthyam, saṃsargasyaiva tathātvāt, tasya ca vyatireke dvaitāpattirityāśaṅkyāha--
5.2.24
yathaiva cendriyādīnāmātmabhūtā samagratā |
tathā saṃbandhisaṃbandhasaṃsarge'pi pratīyate ||
5.2.24-2
(65) cakṣūrūpālokamanaskārā ātmamanaindriyārthā vā parasparāhitaviśeṣāḥ saṃghaṭitā vijñānahetavo'nvayavyatirekābhyāṃ dṛṣṭā iti neyamebhyaḥ sāmagrī nāma padārthāntaraṃ janikā | ata eva hi sāmagrījanakāḥ sāmagrīśabdavācyāḥ, vastvantarasyānupalabdheḥ | evamekena saṃbandhinā sarvaśaktīnāmādhārabhūtatvena prakṛtatvātsaṃbandho dravyādiśaktīnām | tato ya ekasmādādhārādavyatirekātsaṃsargo rūpasaṃmūrcchanaṃ tasminnapi saṃsarge sati puruṣārthasādhake svabhāvabhūtā samagratā vijñāyate | tatrāpi hi ātmabhūtā eva nyāyāyātā, dravyamātreṇa guṇādisaṃsargarahitena dravyavyavahārābhāvāt | evaṃ guṇādimātreṇetyavaśyaṃbhāvinaḥ saṃsargasya dravyādibhyo vivekānavadhāraṇāt tatsvabhāvataiva | kvacitpāṭhaḥ--tathā saṃbandhisaṃbandhasaṃsargo'pi pratīyate iti | tatrāpi saṃbandhinā sarvaśaktyādhāreṇa, saṃbadhyanta iti saṃbandhāḥ dravyādiśaktayaḥ, tāsāṃ saṃbandhānāṃ śaktīnāmanyonyasaṃsargo'pyātmabhūta eveti vyākhyā | yadvā sarvaśakteḥ padārthasya saṃbandhinīnāṃ śaktīnāṃ saṃsarge'pi saṃsargāvasthāyāmapi tathaivāsau saṃbandhaḥ, ātmabhūta evāsau saṃsarga ityarthaḥ | citsāmānyānugamācca viśvasya pramāṇasiddho'bheda iti prathamakāṇḍa eva nirṇītam ||
5.2.24-2.p1
(66) tadevaṃ yathādarśanaṃ jātiḥ śabdena pratipādyate ityupapāditam | sā ca nityeti nityaḥ śabdārthaḥ | tathā ca
5.2.25
"nityāvevopavarṇitau"
ityuktam | tatra jāternityatve kāryopayogamāha--
na tadutpadyate kiñcidyasya jātirna vidyate |
ātmābhivyaktaye jātiḥ kāraṇānāṃ prayojikā ||
5.2.25-2
(67) vyaktyadhīnā jātyabhivyaktiriti svāśrayakāraṇānāṃ prayojakakartṛtvamivāvalambate jātiḥ | sadā sannihitā kāryotpattau kāraṇānāṃ sahakāriṇītyarthaḥ | nimittakāraṇatvādvaiśeṣikadarśane jātīnāmeṣo'rthaḥ prayojakapadena bhaṅgyābhihitaḥ ||
5.2.25-2.p1
(68) nanu kāraṇeṣvasannidhānātkathaṃ teṣāṃ prayojiketyāha--
5.2.26
kāraṇeṣu padaṃ kṛtvā nityānityeṣu jātayaḥ |
kvacitkāryeṣvabhivyaktimupayānti punaḥ punaḥ ||
5.2.26-2
(69) sarvagatatvājjātīnāṃ kāraṇeṣu api sannidhānātpadabandhaḥ | tathā ca jātyātmanā kāraṇeṣu kāryāṇāmavasthānājjātirūpoparāgeṇa tadavasāyāt tatra sādhanānāṃ pravṛttau kāryārambhe tatsamavetajātyabhivyaktirasakṛdāśrayopalabdhau bhavati | nityāḥ paramāṇavaḥ kāraṇāni, darśanāntare vā pradhānapuruṣādayaḥ | anityā vīraṇādayaḥ | `kvacit’ iti | dṛśyeṣu kiñcit kila kāryaṃ jātyāśrayaṃ niṣpannamapyadṛśyaṃ yathā vāyurdravyamiti | tatra hi tajjātyabhivyaktirnāsti ||
5.2.26-2.p1
itthaṃ ca kṛtvā prāk prabhavādapi jātervidyamānatvānnityatvaṃ poṣitam | tathā ca jātipadārthanaye'tra jāterupayogaṃ darśayati--
5.2.27
nirvarttyamānaṃ yatkarma jātistatrāpi sādhanam |
svāśrayasyābhiniṣpattau sā kriyāṇāṃ prayojikā ||
5.2.27.p1
(70) ghaṭaṃ karotīti kathamasato nirvarttyamānasya kriyāyāṃ sādhanabhāvaḥ karmaṇa ityetadatra codyaṃ nāvatarati | jāteḥ sattvāt svāśrayanirvarttanāya kriyāṃ pratyuktena kāraṇapadabandhanyāyena prayojakatvāditi jātirūpāśrayeṇa ca sādhanatā, vyaktirūpāśrayeṇa ca karmatā, nirvarttyata iti kārakaṃ karmeti sāmānādhikaraṇyopapattiḥ | na hi jātivyaktī atyantabhinne gavāśvavat, saṃmūrcchitasvabhāvatvādityubhayarūpāśrayo vyapadeśo'viruddhaḥ | prāpyavikāryayostu karmaṇossattvāt svata eva sādhanatopapattiriti `nirvarttyamānam’ iti viśeṣamāha | jātyātmanā ca nirūpya vastu kāraṇeṣu yogyeṣu pravartante tadarthinaḥ iti `prayojikā’ ityucyate | etacca jātyabhidhānapakṣe saṃbhavati ghaṭaśabdena jāterabhidhānāt | vyaktipadārthapakṣe tu upacārasattāśrayaṃ sādhanatvaṃ vakṣyati--
5.2.27.p2
vyaktau padārthe śabdārjanyamānasya karmaṇaḥ |
5.2.27.p3
sādhanatvaṃ tathā siddhaṃ buddhirūpaprakalpitam || (Vak.III.sā.7)
5.2.27.p4
iti | kāraṇānāṃ prayojikā jātiritiyuktam | tathā ca jātipadārthapakṣe na dravyasya kriyāsādhanatvam, api tu saiva vidhipratiṣedhayoḥ sādhanaṃ jātirityāha--
5.2.28
vidhau vā pratiṣedhe vā brāhmaṇatvādi sādhanam |
vyaktyāśritāśritā jāteḥ saṃkhyājātirviśeṣikā ||
5.2.28.p1
(71) jāteḥ padārthatve tatra vidhau codite prativyaktiparisamāptatvāttasyāḥ sakṛdanuṣṭhāne'pi kṛtaḥ śāstrārtho `brāhmaṇamālabheta’ iti | evaṃ `brāhmaṇaṃ na hanyāt’ ityādirapi pratiṣedho jātāveva | sakṛdanuśṭhane'pi ca punarullaṅghane coditasya doṣaḥ | tathā hi--ahananaṃ coditam, hananaṃ tu kvacidanuṣṭhitamiti viruddhakriyācaraṇātpratyavāyaeva | kvacittu vidhyanuṣṭhāne'nyatra tadabhāve'pi na virodhaḥ | tathā cāhuḥ--
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Linked texts (7)
- Tantravārttika (ed. Subbāśāstrī) — Sanskrit
- Adhyāyas 1–7 (input A. Pohlus) — Sanskrit
- Nyāyamañjarī — Jayanta Bhaṭṭa, Sanskrit
- Text input by M. Tokunaga — Sanskrit
- Saṃgraha (fragments) — Sanskrit
- Vaiyākaraṇabhūṣaṇa(sāra) (ed. Sadāśivaśāstrī Jośī) — Sanskrit
- Siddhāntasiddhāñjana — Kṛṣṇānanda Sarasvatī 1640, Sanskrit