The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV: The Mughul Period v4.c19.208

v4.c19.208

The imperial army attacked Purandar, and Shivājī surrendered. One of the terms of the treaty then arranged gave him permission to collect *chauth*, a fourth, and *sardeshmukhī*, a tenth of the revenue in the kingdom of Bījāpur. Aurangzīb probably did not understand the meaning of the claim to these exactions which he sanctioned for the purpose of weakening the government of Bījāpur, nor could he foresee that they would be levied at no very distant date in the imperial dominions, and that his feeble descendants would be constrained to acquiesce.