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Cunningham's Ancient Geography of India c14.s2.t10: Nâlandâ ( नालन्दा )

Cunningham's Ancient Geography of India c14.s2.t10

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Nâlandâ ( नालन्दा )

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P. 536 (468). Cunningham's identification with Baragâon [or Badgaon (बटगांव)] as spelt by Dr. Bloch in J.R.A.S., 1908, p. 440] was based on the discovery of two acute-angled inscriptions (found on the spot) naming the place Nâlandâ. [C.A.S.R., I., plate XIII.; ruins described in *Ibid*, pp. 28-35 ; An. Rep. A.S.I., 1915-16, part I, pp. 12-13.]

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P. 539 (471).—*Indra-silâ-guhâ*.—The rugged hill rising immediately to the W. of the village can be shown beyond all doubt to be identical with it. (Stein, I.A., 1901, p. 54.)

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27. I-LAN-NA-PO-FA-TA.

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P. 545 (476). Watters (II., p. 178 *ff.*) correctly transcribes it as Irinaparvata (इरिणपर्वत) or Barren Hill. Y. Ch. (II., p. 178 *ff.*) mentioned that on the W. frontier of this country to the S. of the Ganges was a solitary mt. where Buddha subdued the Yaksha Vakula. Dr. Waddel (J.A.S.B., 1892, p. 1) identifies it with Mt. Uren [=I-lan-na ; about 20 m. S.W. from Mungir City and 7 m. S. of the present course of the Ganges] where are ruins, statues, old inscriptions and a foot-print of Buddha.

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Mungir is the Mudgagiri of Pâla inscriptions and it is said to be the Modâgiri (the capital of an eastern kingdom near Vanga ; Mahâ Bhârata). Madgurakas of E. India [Matsya CXIII. 44] seem to be connected with it.

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28. ANGA, CHAMPÂ.

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P. 546 (477). *Anga*.—The easternmost country named in the Atharva-Veda (V. 22, 14) ; so called after its king Anga (Mahâ Bhârata, Adi-p. CIV., 4179-*ff*) who seems to be identical with Anga Vairochani mentioned in Aitareya Br. (VIII., 4, 22) ; [Anga (body) of the Love-god Kâma was consumed here and so it is so called (Râmâyana, Adi-k. XXIII). It became an appendage of Magadha in Jarâsandha's time. (Sabhâ—P. XXIX. 1090-3.)]

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Its capital—Mâlini or Mâlina ; this name was superseded by Champâ [after king Champa, great-grandson of Loma-pâda ; Sânti—P. V.] ; it was on the Ganges. [Vana—P. LXXXV., 8156]. Anga proper of the Epics comprised the modern districts of Bhagalpur and Monghyr and extended northwards up to the Kosi river (Pargiter). The *Anga* dominions at one time included Magadha and extended to the shores of the sea. The Vidura Pandita Jâtaka (No. 545) describes Râjagriha as a city of Anga. The Sânti Parvan of the Mahâ Bhârata (29, 35) refers to an Anga king who sacrificed on Mount Vishnupada at Gayâ. The Sabhâ Parvan (44, 9) mentions Anga and Vanga as forming one kingdom. The Kathâ-sarit-sâgara says that Vitanka-pura, a city of the Angas, was situated on the shore of the sea.

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Champâ, the famous capital of Anga, stood on the river of the same name (Jâtaka 506 ; Modern Chândan) and the Ganges (Y. Ch. II., 181). (Raychowdhuri, P.H.A.I., p. 23.)

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