A Comparative Grammar of the Modern Aryan Languages of India v3.c19.39

v3.c19.39

“Rapidly,” “quickly,” “at once.”—This idea is expressed by derivatives of the Skr. √त्वर्, principally from the p.p.p. त्वरितम्, which is used adverbially already in Skr. The forms are: H. तुरंत, M. तूर्त, G. तुरत, तरत, खरीत, S. तुर्तु, O. B. तुरंत, त्वरित. M. has a peculiar word लवकर “at once, quickly,” Skr. लव (√लू “to cut”) “a minute,” M. लवणे “to flash, twitch, move quickly.” It is not found in any other language. Commoner, however, is H. झट “quick!” reduplicated झटपट, M. झटकन, S. झटपटि and चटिपटि, O. झट, झटपट, B. झटि, from Skr. झटिति. “Immediately” is also expressed in M. by तत्काल्, O. and B. तत् क्षणात्, but these are pedantic. H. P. M. and S. have also a word अचानक; H. also अचांचक “suddenly,” “unexpectedly,” corresponding to which is G. अचाचेते, ओचितो, pointing to a derivation from अ and √चिन्त् “to think,” though I am disposed also to remember Skr. चमत्कार, H. चौक, in this connection. O. and B. use हठात्, literally ablative of Skr. हठ, meaning “by force.” It is used generally of sudden and forcible action, but also in sentences where no force, only surprise, or a sudden fright, occurs. Similarly in H. and G. एकाएक “all of a sudden,” M. एकाएकी, are used.