Republics in Ancient India, c. 1500 B.C.–500 B.C. c19.106

c19.106

Philosophical factors, in war between Vajjians and Ajātasattu, 132 Piṅgalā, 154-55 Pipphalivana, 178, 184; derivation of, 219-20 Piprāhwā Casket Inscription, on Sakyas, 193 Piyā, 209, 210 Plebeans, 112 Plutarch, 6 *Pnyx*, 103 *Pokkharaṇī* (Licchavian tank), 104-5, 156; anointment in, 108, 114 Pokkharasādi, 196 Polajanaka, prince, 153 Political communities, 8, 15, 24, 29, 31, 33, 34, 38, 42, 43, 45, 46, 48, 49, 54, 63, 237; connexion between Vedic and Buddhist, 60-62; distinction of rank in Vedic, 28; health of, 58; meaning of, 15n 7; territorial sense in Vedic, 32; Vedic non-monarchical, 15-62, 237 Political institutions: development of, 17; interpretation of, 11 Political philosophies, conflicting, 132 Popular: assembly, 12; democracy, 12; monarchy, 60 Portfolios, 12 *Prācyas*, 90, 136, 139 Prākrit, 88; Jaina texts, 159; sources, 83, on Licchavian council, 109. *See also* Jaina literature Pratardana, 228 Prathama, 27 Prayāga, 229 Pre-Buddhist sources, on Licchavis, 92 Prime Minister, 12 *Primus inter pares*, 187 Proportional representation, 12 Prostitute, role in diplomacy, 125 Psychological factors, in Ajātasattu's war with Vajjians, 132 Pubba-Videha, 140 Punic Wars, 111 *Purāṇas*: on Vajjis, 134; writers of, 134, on etymology of Videha, 143 Purandhi, 67 Purisānīya (epithet of Pārśva), 166 Purus, 90 Pūṣan, 64, 67, 77