The Doctrine of the Jainas, Described after the Old Sources c8.109

c8.109

§70. *The Soul.* The Theory of matter ought to be concluded by dealing with the Karman. But since, for times eternal, it has been closely connected with the soul, the latter must be dealt with first. The soul as the bearer of life is called *jīva*, and since it is animate, a living being is called *jīva* (beside *pāṇa*, *bhūya*, *satta*): this can be concluded from the somewhat playful subsumptions made by Viy. 285a. For the units of the soul and their expansion see § 58. Their total number remains constant for ever, it neither increases nor decreases, while within the different individual grades and classes of beings both equality and either decrease or increase naturally will occur, with the exception of the delivered souls whose number is not subjected to any decrease (Viy. 244a).