A Concise History of Science in India c15.9

c15.9

| Date | Scientific and Technological Developments | Remarks |
| *c.* seventeenth cent. A.D. | *Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri*: study of animals and plants. | |
| | Advent of the Dutch, French and the British. | Establishment of ‘factories’ for commercial transactions; study of Indian flora |
| | Publication of *Hortus Malabaricus* of Heindric Van Rheede (1686–1703). | In 12 volumes with illustrations; at Amsterdam |
| Eighteenth cent. A.D. | Synchronization of Arabic astronomical and mathematical knowledge with that of India. | |
| 1723–27 | Construction of Jantar Mantars at Delhi, Ujjain, Mathura, Banaras and Jaipur, by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II. | Huge masonry astronomical instruments |
| | *Samrāṭ Siddhānta* of Jagannātha. | Translation of the Arabic version of Ptolemy’s *Almagest* |
| | *Rekhāgaṇita* of Jagannātha. | Translation of the Arabic version of Euclid’s *The Elements* |
| 1737 | d’Anville’s first map of south India and his map of India, *carte de l’Inde*. | Based on the knowledge of the Marāgha school of astronomy and Jesuit sources |
| *c.* 1755 | Botanical investigations of Koenig in south India. | The collections sent to the University of Lund in Sweden |
| 1761 | Survey work of Plaistead on the coasts of Chittagong. | |
| 1764 | Ganges river course surveyed by Rennell. | The British East India Company’s organized survey work |
| 1781 | Madrasah at Calcutta. | Established on the initiative of Warren Hastings |
| 1783 | First *Map of Hindoostan* by Rennell. | |
| 1784 | *The Asiatic Society* founded at Calcutta. | William Jones, the Founder-President |
| 1785 | First presentation of a paper in Persian by a Mohammedan scholar entitled ‘The Care of the Elephantiasis and other Disorders of the Blood’. | Translated and presented by William Jones himself |