Indian Medicine (Medicin), translated by C. G. Kashikar c9.65

c9.65

The division of land is threefold according to climatic conditions: *ānūpa*-moist, swampy, *jāngala*-dry and *sādhāraṇa*-neither dry nor moist. According to Suśruta *ānūpa* is a watery land with ups and downs, rivers, plenty of rain, thick forest, mild and cooling winds and many high mountains and trees; its inhabitants have a soft, tender and fleshy body, and suffer particularly from diseases of kapha and vāta. *Jāngala* is an even land with detached and small thorny trees or bushes, and little rainfall; it draws its water chiefly from walls, has hot and bad winds and has detached and scanty hills; its inhabitants have a strong but thin body and suffer from diseases of vāta and pitta. According to the law-books, the king should reside in such a place. The commentators of law-books define *jāngala* as the land which has little water and grass, is windy and sunny, rich in corn and the like. *Sādhāraṇa* is the land with a combination of both these qualities where cold, rain, heat and wind are proportionate and the three basic principles (tri-doṣas) are held in balance. The diseases of both the other climates (e. g. elephantiasis of the swampy land-Ḍallaṇa) are not so predominant there. The change from one climate into another is unhealthful except when the conditions of the new climate are adjusted by the diet, sleep, work etc. (Su. 1.35; AS 1.1; AHr 1.1; Bhav 1.1.87f The parallel passage in Car 3.3 in some editions is not genuine ).