Ancient Indian Education (Brahmanical and Buddhist) c33.80

Language: English

c33.80.1

Buddhist Age nurtured by sylvan surroundings, xxxv; canonical classification of mankind, 409; Church and Community, foundation of, how laid, 376; or Community, organization of, upon what based, 376, 377; College, most celebrated, of ancient India, 509; congregation, early, constitution of, 386; Convents, good work of, 466; doctrine of Ahiṁsā, Brahmanical, 393; ecclesiastics, large number in Nepal, 516; education, 374 *et seq.,*—account of given by Hiuen Tsang, 508,—part played by women in, 462, 463,—rules of, 394; system of, 394 *et seq.,*—use made of dialectic skill and ability, 454; establishments in Nagarakot, 509,—large number in Vaiśālī country, 516; initiation, non-recognition of caste in, 395; limitations to solitary life, 458, 459; literary celebrities associated with University of Nālandā, 557; methods of education, 530; Monasteries, admission of unordained students to, 545; at Bolor, 510; admission of non-Buddhist students to, 545; breadth of culture in, 546; charge of, by monks, 550; dependence of laity for religious education upon, 467; dilapidated, in Gandhāra, 509; education outside, 466; following unlawful practices, 554; higher education at, how determined, 528; in Bamian, 508; in India, seen by Hiuen Tsang, 508–522; in Kashmir, 511; menial and administrative staff of, 552; owning too much wealth, 553; permitted to supply monks with clothing from produce of their lands, 554, 555; properties which could or could not be lawfully owned by, 555;

c33.80.2

pupils in, daily duties of, 542, 543; specialized priestly studies in, 542; spread of higher education by means of, 532; successful, 547,—best products of, 547; 410; worship of images, chaityas, and stūpas in, 549, 550; why not confined to monks only, 546; and monks in India visited by Hiuen-Tsang, 508–522; monastery, constitution of, 446; monastic life and discipline, particular ascetic ideal of mean or "middle path" in, 409; monasticism, two bases of, 409, 410; monkhood, admission to, rules for, 540; renunciation of, rules for, 402; Monks, admitted or expelled, names of entered in register, 551; ailments of, to be prescribed for, 426; as pupils, number of, regulation 406; change of monasteries by 550; change of retreat by, 435 clothing of, regulations regarding, 429, 430; daily duties as pupils, 403; dietary of, 415, 552; duty of nursing sick brethren, 428, 429; entering upon Vassa, 435; excess of meals at invitations, 553; expulsion of pupils by teachers, 405; games and sports of, 447; grading of, 543, 544; help of to spiritual life, 553; in India, seen by Hiuen-Tsang, 508–522; instruction of, 446 *et seq.*; invitations by Corporation to, 419; invitations of Corporations to, 419; manner of eating prescribed for, 418; manual or menial work of, how controlled, 531; meals of, 425; measurement of time for regulating days' duties of, 553; medicines to be used by, 425, 426; of different grades, studies of, 448, 449; ordered to travel on business of Saṁgha, 436;

c33.80.3

ordination ceremony for, 541; permission of meat dinner to, 416; physical exercise of, 550, 551; pupils helping teachers, 405; residences of, 434 *et seq.*; resort to rest-houses for meals, 419; seeking solitude of forests for meditation, 457; spiritual exercises of, 531; studies of, 541, 542; termination of studentship, 405; those who were not to be entertained by, 420; when permitted to travel in rains, 436; Order, attraction of undesirable characters to, 461; discipline of, 414 *et seq.*; method of voting at, 400; quorum at meeting of, 400; regulations as to food and begging, 414; useful as solution of problem of poverty, 460; and Church, ceremony of initiation into, 394, 395; Order or Community, exceptions becoming rule with, 378; Priests, study of logic by, 542; and the Church, restrictions to admission, 396, 397; qualification for the religious teacher or leader, demands of, 528; sages at Pushkarāvati, 509; schemes of life as influenced by Brahmanical, 376; Scholars forthcoming from monasteries of Gandhāra, 509; resident in Parvata, 522; scholars, gradation of, 530; Schools, particular, to which Universities severally belonged determining course of higher education there, 528, 529; Sisters of Mercy, 465; society, constitution of, 392; system, republican or democratic, 462; texts revealing economic life, 352; University, admission, 563; benefactions, 561; concentration on study, 563; democratic management, 570; fifteen hundred teachers in charge of 8,500 students, 565;

c33.80.4

free education at, 563; one hundred lectures per day, 566; standard of scholarship, 565; time-table, 569; works, texts of in India collected by I-tsing, 536; thought, controversy and discussion between different schools of, 530; and Brahmanical system of education, distinction between, how marked, 399, 459; system of training, begging for food common to, 414