四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 2.181

2.181

共女人宿戒四。五緣成：一是人女，二室相成，三共同宿，四知同宿，五隨轉墮。律中，女者，人女有智，命根未斷。室有四種：一四周障上有覆（即同在一堂內。中有隔者，準論不合）。二前敞無壁（即長行房，簷下兩頭有障）。三雖覆而不遍（即周匝同一院門，上通覆，開中央）。四雖覆遍而有開處（謂通覆障，上少開明孔）。此等四室，比丘與女人同宿，或女人後至，或比丘後至，或二人俱至。若亞臥，隨脇轉側，一一波逸提。若與畜生（準《僧祇》：大母畜生亦犯墮）。若人黃門二根人宿，一切吉羅。比丘晝日臥，女人立者吉（女人若坐，犯屏墮）。《十誦》：乃至羅漢，不與女人同宿。如熟飲食，人之所欲，女人欲男亦爾。此律以羅漢為緣起，尚被淫惱；餘凡何須拒抗。《多論》、《善見》：若都集堂同障內，設使堂中有諸小房，房雖各別，以堂同故，猶是一房。若多房共一戶，亦犯墮（即并部平頭率多同戶房）。覆者乃至衣縵作屋，壁者乃至高一肘半，共宿皆犯。若大屋相接，乃至一由旬，同一戶出入，皆犯。所對境者，乃至同行等戒，皆謂女人能受淫者；餘石女小女等，但犯吉。《十誦》：若在室中通夜坐者，不犯。必應多人共處，有明不睡者。《僧祇》：一房別戶，有隔無犯。若佛生日，轉法輪日，乃至大會通夜說法，若露地風雨寒雪，當入屋內正身坐。若老病不能坐者，當施障隔，不得用疏物，高齊肩腋，下至地，不得容貓子過。若道行入村宿，當別房別隔。若無屋者，乃至如前作（皆謂以衣服被，從房堂內壁，直當門中央，隔出至舍前簷，令與兩頭相當，是為二室，不但簾床也）。若無隔者，女人可信，應語女言：汝先眠我坐。比丘欲眠語令起：我欲眠，汝莫眠，汝若眠者，汝無福德（準如諸部男子自伴）。《多論》與十女人宿，十墮。隨一一起更臥，隨一一轉，各各得十墮。若白衣舍，與女人並房，不閉戶，吉羅。《五分》：同覆異隔，若大會說法，若母姉妹近親患，有有知男子自伴，不臥者，不犯。律不犯中：若先不知室內有女宿。若屋有覆無障、或盡覆半障、或盡覆少障、或盡障不覆、或盡障半覆、或盡障少覆、或半覆半障、或少覆少障、或不覆不障，露地不犯。若此室中，若行若坐不犯。若病臥被縛命梵等難。並不犯。

Precept four: spending the night together with a woman. Formed by five conditions: First, it is a human female. Second, the characteristics of a chamber are formed. Third, one spends the night together. Fourth, one knows they are spending the night together. Fifth, as one turns [on one's side], one incurs a pāyattika. In the vinaya, 'woman' refers to a human female who possesses intelligence and whose life-faculty is not severed. There are four types of chambers: First, surrounded by walls on all four sides with a covering above (meaning being together within the same hall; if there is a partition inside, according to the treatises it does not apply). Second, open in front without a wall (meaning a long gallery room, with screens at both ends under the eaves). Third, though covered, it is not completely covered (meaning sharing the same courtyard gate all around, open above in the center while covered throughout). Fourth, though covered throughout, there is an opening (meaning covered and enclosed throughout, but with a small skylight opening above). In these four kinds of chambers, if a bhikṣu spends the night with a woman—whether the woman arrives later, the bhikṣu arrives later, or both arrive together—if he lies down, with each turn of his ribs onto his side, each incurs a pāyattika. If with an animal (according to the *Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya*, with a large female animal one also incurs a pāyattika). If spending the night with a human paṇḍaka or an intersex person, it is in all cases a duṣkṛta. If the bhikṣu lies down during the daytime and the woman stands, it is a duṣkṛta (if the woman sits, it transgresses the secluded [seat] pāyattika). The *Daśādhyāya-vinaya* says: Even an arhat does not spend the night together with a woman. Just as cooked food and drink are what people desire, a woman's desire for a man is likewise. This vinaya takes an arhat as the origin [of the precept], who was nevertheless troubled by lust; why should other ordinary mortals resist [the rule]? The *Sarvāstivāda-vinaya-vibhāṣā* and *Samantapāsādikā* say: If they are gathered under a common enclosure in a hall, even if there are various small rooms within the hall, although the rooms are distinct, because the hall is shared, it is still one chamber. If multiple rooms share a single door, it also incurs a pāyattika (which applies to the flat-roofed buildings of the Bingbu region that mostly have rooms sharing a door). As for covering, even a roof made of cloth hangings; as for walls, even one and a half cubits high—spending the night together in such places is always an offense. If large houses are joined together, even for one yojana, with entry and exit through a single door, it is in all cases an offense. Regarding the object confronted, extending even to precepts of common practice and so forth, it always refers to a woman capable of receiving sexual intercourse; with other barren women, young girls, and so forth, it only incurs a duṣkṛta. The *Daśādhyāya-vinaya* says: If sitting in the chamber throughout the whole night, there is no offense. There must be multiple people dwelling together, with a light, and not sleeping. The *Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya* says: If there is one room with separate doors and a partition, there is no offense. If on the Buddha's birthday, the day of turning the wheel of the Dharma, or during a great assembly, Dharma is preached throughout the night, or if there is wind, rain, cold, and snow in the open air, one should enter inside the house and sit upright. If the elderly or sick are unable to sit, a partition should be erected; one must not use coarse material; it should be level with the shoulders and armpits above, reach the ground below, and not allow a kitten to pass through. If traveling along the road and entering a village to spend the night, there should be separate rooms and separate partitions. If there is no building, one proceeds even as stated above (all meaning that using clothing and quilts, starting from the inner wall of the room or hall, directly facing the middle of the door, one partitions outward to the front eaves of the house, making it match both ends so that they become two chambers, not merely hanging a screen over the bed). If there is no partition, and the woman is trustworthy, one should tell the woman: 'You sleep first, and I will sit.' When the bhikṣu wishes to sleep, he tells her to get up: 'I wish to sleep; you must not sleep. If you sleep, you will have no merit' (following the rule of various schools, a man acts as his own companion). The *Sarvāstivāda-vinaya-vibhāṣā* says: If spending the night with ten women, there are ten pāyattikas. As each one rises and lies down again, and with each turn, one incurs ten pāyattikas for each. If in a layperson's house, in adjacent rooms with a woman, and the door is not closed, it is a duṣkṛta. The *Pañcavargika-vinaya* says: Under a common roof with different partitions; or if preaching the Dharma at a great assembly; or if one's mother, sisters, or close relatives are ill, and a discerning man serves as a companion, and one does not lie down—there is no offense. Under non-offense in the vinaya: if one does not know beforehand that a woman is spending the night in the chamber. If the building has a roof but no walls, or is fully roofed with half walls, or fully roofed with minimal walls, or has full walls with no roof, or has full walls with a half roof, or has full walls with a minimal roof, or half roof and half walls, or minimal roof and minimal walls, or no roof and no walls—in the open air, there is no offense. If in this chamber, whether walking or sitting, there is no offense. If lying down due to illness, being bound, or facing dangers to life or celibacy—in all such cases there is no offense.