天台四教儀 1.67

1.67

初明五緣者，一、持戒清淨。如經中說：「依因此戒，得生諸禪定及滅苦智慧，是故比丘應持淨戒。」有在家出家、大小乘不同。二、衣食具足。衣有三：一者如雪山大士，隨所得衣蔽形即足，不游人間，堪忍力成故；二者如迦葉等集糞掃衣，及但三衣，不畜餘長；三者多寒國土，如來亦許三衣之外畜百一眾具。食亦有三：一者上根大士深山絕世，菜根草果隨得資身；二常乞食；三檀越送食，僧中淨食。三、閒居靜處，不作眾事名閒，無憒鬧處名靜。處有三，例衣食可知。四、息諸緣務，息生活、息人事、息工巧技術等。五、近善知識有三：一外護善知識、二同行善知識、三教授善知識。

First, to explain the five conditions: First is upholding the precepts with purity. As a sutra states: "Relying on and being based upon these precepts, one is able to generate all meditative concentrations and the wisdom that eliminates suffering. For this reason, monks should uphold pure precepts." There are differences between lay and monastic, and Mahāyāna and Hīnayāna. Second is having sufficient clothing and food. Regarding clothing, there are three [cases]: first, like the Great Being of the Snowy Mountains, whatever clothing he obtains to cover his body is sufficient, not wandering among humanity because his power of endurance has been perfected; second, like Kāśyapa and others, gathering rag-robes and possessing only three robes, not keeping any surplus; third, in countries with much cold, the Tathāgata also permits keeping one hundred and one utensils beyond the three robes. Food also has three [cases]: first, great beings of superior faculties deep in the mountains severed from the world, who sustain their bodies with vegetable roots, wild herbs, and fruits as they find them; second, constantly begging for food; third, donors sending food, or pure food in the saṅgha. Third is dwelling in a tranquil and quiet place: not engaging in sundry affairs is called "tranquil"; having no noisy clamor is called "quiet." As for places, there are three [cases], which can be understood by analogy with clothing and food. Fourth is ceasing all extraneous engagements: ceasing [efforts for] livelihood, ceasing interpersonal affairs, ceasing crafts, skills, and techniques, and so forth. Fifth is drawing near to good spiritual friends. There are three kinds: first, external protector good spiritual friends; second, fellow practitioner good spiritual friends; third, instructional good spiritual friends.