一切經音義 94
English (machine translation) 94
- Language
- English
94.1
Compiled by Huilin, the sūtra-translating śramaṇa
94.2
From [fascicle] 17 through 30, fourteen fascicles in total.
94.3
Sounds and Meanings of the Continued Biographies of Eminent Monks, Fascicle 17
94.4
智鍇 (the second character has the pronunciation jie [kǎi]; a monk's name; the Fangyan says: "鍇 [kǎi] means firm.")
94.5
僊城山 (the first character has the pronunciation xian [xiān]; the mountains stand side by side along the Xiao and Xiang rivers... [corrupt text]; the name of a mountain).
94.6
構甓 (the first character has the fanqie gou + hou [gòu], already explained above in fascicle 12; the second character has the fanqie ping + mi [pì]; the Mao commentary on the Shijing says: "躄 [pì] means unbaked brick / tile (甓)." The Shuowen says: "It has the tile radical and pi phonetic; 㼾 has the pronunciation lu [lù]; 甎 has the pronunciation zhuan [zhuān].")
94.7
高掞 (the second character has the fanqie yan + shan [shàn]; the Hanshu yinyi says: "掞 [shàn] means bright and shining." The Shuowen says: "It has the hand radical and yan phonetic.")
94.8
洙泗 (the first character has the fanqie shu + zhu [zhū]; the second character has the fanqie si + zi [sì]; Du Yu's commentary on the Zuo zhuan says: "The Zhu River lies north of the city of Lu." The second has the pronunciation si [sì]; the Shanhaijing says: "The Si River flows out from the northeast of Wu, passes Huling, and flows into the Eastern Sea." The Shuowen says: "Both characters Zhu and Si have the water radical.")
94.9
𤡜𩜈 (the first character has the fanqie yi + yan [yàn]; Guo Pu's commentary on the Fangyan says: "猒 [yàn] means sufficient." The Shuowen says: "猒 [yàn] means satiated; it has the sweet radical, the meat radical, and the dog radical; the transmitted text has it with the food radical as 饜 [yàn], which is a vulgar character." The second character has the fanqie yu + ju [yù]; the Mao commentary on the Shijing says: "𩜈 [yù] means satiated." Du Yu's commentary on the Zuo zhuan says: "𩜈 [yù] means satisfied." The Shuowen says: "It has the food radical and ao phonetic.")
94.10
捃摭 (the first character has the fanqie jun + yun [jùn]; the second character has the fanqie zhi + yi [zhí]; already explained above in fascicle 1).
94.11
係韤 (the first character has the fanqie ji + yi [jì]; the Shuowen says: "係 [jì] means to tie up an officer; it has the person radical and xi phonetic; xi has the fanqie xi + ji [xì]." The second character has the fanqie wan + fa [wà]; the Shuowen says: "韤 [wà] means foot garments; it has the leather radical and mie phonetic; the transmitted text wrote it with the silk radical as 䌩, which is incorrect.")
94.12
咄哉 (the first character has the fanqie dun + gu [duō]; the character books say: "咄 [duō] means to scold." The Cang Jie pian says: "It means to reprimand." The Shuowen says: "咄 [duō] is like addressing one another; it has the mouth radical and chu phonetic.")
94.13
怨嫉 (the second character has the fanqie qin + yi [jí]; Wang Yi's commentary on the Chuci says: "Harm to the worthy is called 嫉 [jí]." The Gujin zhengzi says: "It has the woman radical and ji phonetic.")
94.14
鴆毒 (the first character has the fanqie chu + jin [zhèn]; the Shanhaijing says: "Mount Nüji has many poison-birds (鴆鳥)." Guo Pu's commentary says: "The zhen has purple edges, a long tassel, a red beak, and is a bird that eats snakes; it has the bird radical and chen phonetic." The beak character yin is fanqie xu + wei [huì]; the second character has the fanqie tong + lu [dú]; the Shuowen says: "It is a plant harmful to people; it has the sprout radical and du phonetic; the sprout character chè has the fanqie chi + lie [chè].")
94.15
高騖 (the second character has the pronunciation wu [wù]; already fully explained above in fascicle 6 of the Biographies of Eminent Monks).
94.16
基墌 (the second character has the fanqie zheng + chi [zhì]; already explained above in fascicle 10 of the Biographies of Eminent Monks).
94.17
猘狗 (the first character has the fanqie ju + li [zhì]; the Shuowen says that 狾 means a mad dog; it has the dog radical and zhe phonetic; the Zuo zhuan has it with zhi as 猘 [zhì]).
94.18
犀枕 (the first character has the fanqie xiang + qi [xī]; Guo Pu's commentary on the Erya says: "The rhinoceros resembles a water buffalo, with a pig's head, large belly, short legs, three hooves, black body, and two horns, one on its forehead and one on its nose; what is now called a rhinoceros pillow is made of rhinoceros horn as a pillow." The Shuowen says: "犀 [xī] has the ox radical and wei phonetic." The second character, 枕 [zhěn], is properly with the wood radical, and 冘 has the pronunciation yin [yín]).
94.19
歧麓 (the first character is properly the character 歧 [qí]; the second character has the pronunciation lu [lù]).
94.20
挽顗 (the first character has the pronunciation wan [wǎn]; the second character has the fanqie yi + qi [yǐ]; a monk's name).
94.21
閑敞 (the second character has the fanqie chang + zhang [chǎng]; the Shuowen says: "Levelling high ground is called 敞 [chǎng]; it has the tap radical and shang phonetic.")
94.22
潺湲 (the first character has the fanqie zhan + xian [chán]; the second character has the pronunciation yuan [yuán]; the Zitong says: "潺湲 [chányuán] describes the appearance of flowing water." The Wenzidian shuo says: "It is the sound of water flowing.")
94.23
繆從 (the first character has two fanqie readings: mei + biao [miù] and mi + you [miù]; it is also a human surname; note that the surname Miao belongs to a scholar-official of Wudian; the transmitted text wrote it with the feather radical as 䋚, completely dropping the lower part, which is an error).
94.24
花錠 (the second character has the fanqie ding + ding [dìng]; the Wenzidian shuo says: "錠 [dìng] is a lamp." The transmitted text says 'thousand-branched floral lamp' (千枝花錠), meaning a lamp shaped like a thousand flower branches).
94.25
瞼下 (the first character has the pronunciation jian [jiǎn]; the character books say: "The upper and lower skin of the eye." The Wenzidian shuo says: "The eyelid (瞼) is the lid of the eye; it has the eye radical and qian phonetic.")
94.26
嫌誚 (the first character is properly the character xian [xián], already explained above; the second character has the fanqie qiao + yao [qiào]; Kong [Anguo's] commentary on the Shangshu says: "誚 [qiào] means to rebuke." The character books properly write it with jiao as 譙 [qiào]; the Cang Jie pian says: "It means to reprimand.")
94.27
崎嶇 (the first character has the fanqie qi + ji [qí]; the second character has the fanqie qu + ju [qū]; the Picang says: "崎嶇 [qíqū] means unstable / rugged." The Boya says: "It means tilted / precarious." Some write it with the mound radical as 陭䧢, with the same sounds as above).
94.28
慊言 (the first character has the fanqie qie + dian [qiàn]; already explained above in fascicle 3 of the Biographies of Eminent Monks).
94.29
有蕈 (the second character has the fanqie xun + ren [xùn]; the character books say: "A 蕈 [xùn] is a mushroom (菌), or an earth mushroom." The Shuowen says: "A 蕈 [xùn] is a mulberry mushroom; it has the grass radical and tan phonetic; 蕈 has the same pronunciation as above.")
94.30
殫言 (the first character has the fanqie dan + nan [dān]; Kong [Anguo's] commentary on the Shangshu says: "殫 [dān] means entirely." The Shuowen says: "殫 [dān] means to the utmost limit; it has the bad-death radical and dan phonetic; the bad-death radical has the fanqie wu + da [è].")
94.31
摛恖 (the first character has the fanqie chi + zhi [chī]; Zheng [Xuan's] commentary on the Erya preface says: "It refers to the flourishing garden of writers (摛翰者); 摛 [chī] means to spread forth." The Shuowen says: "It has the hand radical and li phonetic; li has the same pronunciation as above." The second character has the fanqie si + zi [sī]; the character books state that it is the standard form of the character 思 [sī]).
94.32
煬帝 (the first character has the fanqie yang + shang [yàng]; the posthumous title of the Sui emperor).
94.33
金鑰 (the second character has the fanqie yang + zhuo [yuè]; the character books properly write it with the gate radical as 𨷲; already explained above in the Shijiao lu; the transmitted text writes it with the bamboo radical as 籥, which is a vulgar character, though it is also interchangeably used).
94.34
穨毀 ('ruined and destroyed': the first character has the fanqie 隊雷 [duì + léi], already explained above in Fascicle 4; the second character has the fanqie 揮委 [huī + wěi]. The Shuowen says: 'It means broken or defective. It is derived from 土 (earth) with the abbreviated phonetic component 毀.' In ancient script it was written with 王 as 毀).
94.35
磑[石*(尸@叉)] ('mill and millstone/pound': the first character has the fanqie [口/夭]對 [yǎo + duì]. The Shiben says: 'Gongshu first made stone mills.' The Shuowen says: '磑 means a millstone. It is derived from 石 (stone) and 豈.' The character 䃺 has the fanqie 摩破 [mó + pò]. The second character has the fanqie 女𩥇 [nǚ + mèi], in the falling tone. The Kaosheng says: '砐石 means to mill or pound rice. It is derived from 石 (stone) with 及 as phonetic, being a phono-semantic character').
94.36
及𣧩 ('and reached the end of life': the second character has the fanqie 柷融 [zhù + róng]. The Picang says: '𣧩 means to pass away.' The Guangya says: '𣧩 means the limit or end.' Zheng Xuan's commentary to the Liji says: 'One who dies in old age is called 𣧩.' The Shuowen states that it is derived from 歹 with 冬 as phonetic).
94.37
脇不親物 ('his ribs did not touch things': the first character has the fanqie 杴劫 [xiān + jié]. The Zuozhuan says: '[Duke Wen of Jin] heard that he had fused ribs.' The Shuowen says: 'The 脇 are the two flanks of the belly. It is derived from 肉 (flesh) with 刕 as phonetic.' 刕 has the fanqie 嫌頰 [xián + jiá]).
94.38
爆聲 ('crackling sound': the first character has the fanqie 包貌 [bāo + mào]. The Guangya says: '𤒺 means hot.' The Kaosheng says: 'It is the sound of burning firewood and bamboo.' The Shuowen says: 'It means to scorch. It is derived from 火 (fire) with 㬥 as phonetic.' 㬥 has the fanqie 抱𭥗 [bào + bā]).
94.39
刺股 ('pricked his thigh': the first character is the orthodox form of 刺, pronounced with the fanqie 此恣 [cǐ + zì]; the second character has the pronunciation of 古, already explained above in Fascicle 13).
94.40
斑駁 ('mottled and dappled': the first character has the fanqie 八蠻 [bā + mán]. The Zitong also writes it with 辡 as 辬, having the same meaning as 斑, stating: '斑駁 means variegated in pattern'; it also says: 'The appearance of markings.' 辡 is pronounced 弁. In the transmission text it is written with 刀 as 班, which is a vulgar character. The second character has the fanqie 邦邈 [bāng + miǎo]. The Hanshu says: 'A mixed blend of black and white is called 駁.' The Shuowen says: 'A horse of impure color. It is derived from 馬 (horse) with 爻 as phonetic.' In the transmission text it is written with 交 as 駮, which is a vulgar character).
94.41
淳粹 ('pure and unadulterated': the second character has the fanqie 雖醉 [suī + zuì], already explained above in Fascicle 8 of the Biographies of Eminent Monks).
94.42
Fascicle 18
94.43
慧瓚 ('Huizan': the second character has the fanqie 殘旱 [cán + hàn]; it is a monk's name).
94.44
權會 ('Quan Hui': [權] has the fanqie 逵員 [kuí + yuán]; it is a person's surname. In the transmission text it is written with 心, which is an error).
94.45
一嫗 ('an old woman': the second character has the fanqie 紆芋 [yū + yù]. Gu Yewang says: 'Nowadays, women are called 嫗.' The Shuowen says: '嫗 is an appellation for an elderly mother. It is derived from 女 (woman) with 區 as phonetic').
94.46
𩮀角 ('high topknot horns': the first character has the fanqie 宗孔 [zōng + kǒng]. Zheng's commentary to the Liji says: '𩮀 describes the high appearance of a woman's topknot.' The Wenzi dianshuo says: 'It means combing and binding the hair. It is derived from 髟 with 悤 as phonetic.' In the transmission text it is written as 𩮀, which is a vulgar character).
94.47
遂竄 ('thereupon fled into hiding': the second character has the fanqie 麤筭 [cū + suàn]; 竄 means to flee or run away, as already explained in Fascicle 7 of the transmission text).
94.48
㴱賾 ('profound and subtle mysteries': the second character has the fanqie 崢責 [zhēng + zé], already explained above in the Record of the Buddhist Canon).
94.49
擘而 ('tore open and...': the first character has the pronunciation 百. Gu Yewang says: '擘 means tearing open with the hand.' The Guangya says: 'It means to divide.' The Shuowen says: 'It means to wave or pull apart. It is derived from 手 (hand) with 辟 as phonetic').
94.50
痊復 ('healed and recovered': the first character has the fanqie 七宣 [qī + xuān], already explained above).
94.51
迸淚 ('bursting into tears': the first character has the fanqie 百孟 [bǎi + mèng], already explained above in Fascicle 10).
94.52
同榻 ('sharing a couch': the second character has the fanqie 貪盇 [tān + hé]. The Guangya says: '榻 means a flat bench.' The Shiming says: 'A 榻 is a narrow, long bed.' The Wenzi dianshuo says: 'A 榻 is a low sleeping couch. It is derived from 木 (wood) with [日/羽] as phonetic').
94.53
紛紜 ('confused and disordered': the first character has the fanqie 孚文 [fú + wén]. The Guangya says: '紛 means disorderly.' The Shuowen states that it is derived from 糸 with 分 as phonetic. The second character has the sound 云. The Kaosheng says: '紛紜 is the appearance of disorder').
94.54
風痿 ('wind-atrophy / paralysis': pronounced with the fanqie 畏危 [wèi + wēi]. Zheng's commentary to the Liji says: '痿 means illness.' The Cangjie pian says: 'When the feet suffer from atrophy, one cannot walk.' The Shuowen says: '痿 means numbness or paralysis. It is derived from 疒 with 委 as phonetic').
94.55
覶縷 ('in exhaustive detail': the first character has the fanqie 盧戈 [lú + gē]; the second character has the fanqie 龍庾 [lóng + yǔ], both already fully explained above in Fascicle 8).
94.56
郪人 ('a person of Qi': the first character has the fanqie 切賫 [qiē + jī]. The Kaosheng says: 'It is the name of a county in Zizhou').
94.57
鐵鐓 ('iron ferrule': the second character has the fanqie 徒對 [tú + duì]. The Liji says: 'When presenting a halberd, one points the ferrule forward and the blade behind.' Mao's commentary to the Shijing says: 'A 鐓 is the ferrule at the base of a dagger-axe.' 鐏 has the fanqie 存巽 [cún + xùn]. The Shuowen says: 'The bronze ferrule at the bottom of the shaft of a spear or halberd. It is derived from 金 (metal) with 敦 as phonetic.' 秘 is pronounced 秘; 秘 means the shaft of a spear).
94.58
鐵槍 ('iron spear': the second character has the fanqie 鵲羊 [què + yáng]. Character dictionaries take the form written with 木 as the orthodox character. The Cangjie pian says: 'A 槍 is wood sharpened at both ends.' The Wenzi dianshuo says: 'A 槍 is a defensive weapon. It is derived from 木 (wood) with 倉 as phonetic.' In the transmission text it is written with 金 as 鎗, which is incorrect).
94.59
憫然 ('pityingly': the first character has the fanqie 珉殞 [mín + yǔn], already explained above in Fascicle 8 of the Biographies of Eminent Monks).
94.60
刊石 ('carving stone': the first character has the fanqie 渴安 [kě + ān]. Du Yu's commentary to the Zuozhuan says: '刊 means to cut away or determine.' Zheng's commentary to the Liji says: 'It means to pare.' The Shuowen says: 'It is derived from 刀 (knife) and 干').
94.61
淋落 ('dripping down': the first character has the fanqie 立金 [lì + jīn]. The Zitong says: '淋 means pouring water onto the ground').
94.62
𦨕餌 ('take and consume': the first character has the sound 伏, and is the orthodox character for 服 in character dictionaries, already explained previously; the second character has the fanqie 而志 [ér + zhì]. The Cangjie says: '餌 means food.' The Shuowen says: 'An 餌 is a cake. It is derived from 食 (food) with 耳 as phonetic').
94.63
芟改 ('cut back and revise': the first character has the sound 杉. Mao's commentary to the Shijing says: '芟 means removing weeds.' Gu Yewang says: '芟 means mowing down grass').
94.64
隙氣 ('air from a crack': the first character has the fanqie 卿戟 [qīng + jǐ]. The Shuowen says: 'An opening or hole in a wall. It is derived from 阜 and 白, with 小 above and below').
94.65
貧窶 ('impoverished and destitute': the second character has the fanqie 衢縷 [qú + lǚ]. The Erya says: '寠 means poor.' Mao's commentary to the Shijing says: '窶 means dwelling without ritual decorum').
94.66
衣桁 ('clothes rack': the second character has the fanqie 航浪 [háng + làng]. The Kaosheng says: 'A 桁 is a clothes rack').
94.67
躡女裙 ('stepping on a woman's skirt': the first character has the fanqie 黏輒 [nián + zhé]. The Fangyan says: '躡 means to mount.' The Guangya says: 'It means to step on.' The Shuowen says: 'It means to tread into. It is derived from 足 (foot) with 聶 as phonetic.' 女 is pronounced 汝. The second character has the fanqie 郡君 [jùn + jūn]. The Shuowen says: 'A 裠 is a lower skirt garment. It is derived from 衣 (clothing) with 君 as phonetic.' It is also interchangeably written as 帬 or 裙).
94.68
可怪 ('astonishing': the second character is the orthodox form of 恠. The Shuowen says: '恠 means strange. It is derived from 心 (heart) with 圣 as phonetic.' Gu Yewang says: 'Whatever is extraordinary and unusual is called 怪.' In the transmission text it is written with left and right reversed as 恠, which is an ancient character, or written as 恠, which is a vulgar character).
94.69
敻遠 ('distant and far-off': the first character has the fanqie 火娉 [huǒ + pīng]. Liu Zhao's commentary to the Gongyang zhuan says: '敻 means deep and distant.' The Guangya says: '敻 is like looking into the distance.' The Shuowen says: 'It means seeking after. It is derived from 𥄎 with an ancient figure above a cave, being an ideographic compound.' 𥄎 is pronounced 威).
94.70
妻孥 ('wife and children': the second character has the sound 奴. The Shangshu says: 'Then with your children I will execute you.' The Wenzi dianshuo says: 'It is derived from 子 (child) with 奴 as phonetic.' In the transmission text it is written with 巾 as 帑, with the fanqie 湯朗 [tāng + lǎng], which is incorrect).
94.71
童丱 ('childhood with hair in tufts': the second character has the fanqie 關患 [guān + huàn], whose form was already fully explained above in Fascicle 3).
94.72
錙銖 ('minute amounts / ounces and drams': the first character has the fanqie 滓師 [zǐ + shī]. Zheng's commentary to the Liji says: 'Eight liang make a 錙.' The Shuowen states that it is derived from 金 (metal) with 甾 as phonetic; 甾 is pronounced 淄. The second character has the sound 殊, derived from 金 (metal) with 朱 as phonetic. In the transmission text it is written as 淄洙, which are river names, and therefore incorrect).
94.73
勇悍 ('brave and fierce': the first character has the fanqie 容腫 [róng + zhǒng]; character dictionaries take 勇 as the orthodox character. The second character has the fanqie 寒岸 [hán + àn]. The Guangya says: 'It means good.' The Shuowen says: '悍 means obstinate. It is derived from 心 (heart) with 旱 as phonetic').
94.74
整畟 ('neat and tidy': the second character has the fanqie 初色 [chū + sè], as explained above in Fascicle 7).
94.75
Fascicle 19
94.76
智璪 ('Zhizao': the second character has the sound 早; it is a monk's name).
94.77
鷙鳥 ('bird of prey': the first character has the sound 至. Zheng Xuan's commentary to the Liji says: 'A 鷙 is a fierce bird.' The Guangya says: '鷙 means to seize.' The Chuci says: 'Birds of prey do not flock together; they are of the kind such as hawks and falcons.' The Gujin zhengzi states that it is derived from 鳥 (bird) and 執).
94.78
郃陽 ('Heyang': the first character has the sound 合; it is the name of a county in Tongzhou. The Erya says: '郃 is like 合 (to unite).' The Gujin zhengzi states that it is derived from 邑 with 合 as phonetic).
94.79
笳吹 ('playing the reed pipe': the first character has the sound 家; the second character has the fanqie 吹瑞 [chuī + ruì]. Note: A 笳 is a small double-pipe bili; namely, the musical piece known as the nomadic reed pipe. The Gujin zhengzi says: '笳 is derived from 竹 (bamboo) with 加 as phonetic').
94.80
皭法師 ('Dharma Master Jiao': the first character has the fanqie 焦曜 [jiāo + yào], meaning white; it is a monk's name. It is also pronounced 嚼).
94.81
刷心 ('cleansing the mind': the first character has the fanqie 疎刮 [shū + guā]. The Erya says: '刷 means to cleanse.' Guo Pu's commentary says: 'It means sweeping and scrubbing, that which makes one clear and cool.' The Guangya says: '刷 means sharp.' The Shuowen says: 'It is derived from 刀 with 𡰯 abbreviated as phonetic.' 㕞 has the sound 所劣. In the transmission text it is written with 寸 as 刮, which is an error).
94.82
愀然 ('solemn and sorrowful': the first character has the fanqie 酒由 [jiǔ + yóu]. The Liji says: 'The Master's countenance changed solemnly.' The Kaosheng says: '愀 is like being sorrowful.' The Gujin zhengzi states that it is derived from 心 (heart) with 秋 as phonetic).
94.83
盩庢 ('Zhouzhi': the first character has the fanqie 肘流 [zhǒu + liú]; 肘 has the fanqie 知柳 [zhī + liǔ]. The Shuowen says: '盩 means leading and striking. It is derived from 幸 and 支 over 皿, being a mutually explanatory derivative character.' It is the name of a county in Youfufeng. The second character has the fanqie 珍栗 [zhēn + lì]; [((嘹-口)-小)-日+(羊-(前-刖)+一)] has the fanqie 女陟 [nǚ + zhì]).
94.84
交迾 ('clearing the route': the second character has the fanqie 連哲 [lián + zhé]. Zheng's commentary to the Liji says: '迾 means to block off,' as already explained above in Fascicle 13).
94.85
竚聆 ('standing and listening': the first character has the fanqie 除呂 [chú + lǚ]; the second character has the fanqie 歷丁 [lì + dīng], already fully explained above in Fascicle 13 of the Biographies of Eminent Monks).
94.86
檉栢 ('tamarisk and cypress': the first character has the fanqie 勑貞 [chì + zhēn]; it is the name of a tree, a small tree found in gravel deserts. The Gujin zhengzi says: 'A tree with red stems and fine leaves; it is derived from 木 (wood) with 聖 as phonetic').
94.87
梁滬 ('Lianghu': the second character has the fanqie 胡古 [hú + gǔ]. The Hetu says that 滬 is the name of a river in the Qinchuan region).
94.88
如瀉 ('as if gushing down': the second character has the fanqie 星野 [xīng + yě]. The Wenzi jilüe says: '瀉 describes the flowing manner of water.' The Gujin zhengzi states that it is derived from 水 (water) with 寫 as phonetic).
94.89
玁狁烽爟 ('Xianyun beacon fires': [烽] has the fanqie 覆容 [fù + róng]; character dictionaries take 烽 as the orthodox character. The Shiji says: 'Beacon fires raise the signal smoke.' Guo Pu's commentary to the Fangyan says: '烽燧 means signal fires.' The Shuowen says: 'Beacons are signal fires raised when there is an alert on the border. It is derived from 火 (fire) with 夆 as phonetic.' The second character has the fanqie 官亂 [guān + luàn]. The Shuowen says: '爟 means the raising of fires. It is derived from 火 (fire) with 雚 as phonetic').
94.90
𣹆然 ('abundant and overflowing': the first character has the fanqie 堪合 [kān + hé], already fully explained above in Fascicle 4).
94.91
煢煢 ('solitary and helpless': pronounced with the fanqie 葵營 [kuí + yíng], sound 瓊. Kong's commentary to the Shangshu says: '煢 means solitary.' Mao's commentary to the Shijing says: '煢煢 means solitary with nothing to rely on.' It also says: 'The appearance of anxiety.' The Shuowen states that it is derived from 卂 with 熒 abbreviated as phonetic).
94.92
隳壞 ('demolished and ruined': the first character has the fanqie 血規 [xiè + guī]; character dictionaries take 墮 as the orthodox character. Kong's commentary to the Shangshu says: '隳 means to abandon.' Du Yu's commentary to the Zuozhuan says: '隳 means to destroy or damage.' The Fangyan says: 'It means to ruin.' The Shuowen states that it is derived from 阜 with 左 as phonetic. The second character has the fanqie 懷買 [huái + mǎi]).
94.93
麕麚 ('roebucks and stags': the first character has the sound 君. Liu Zhao's commentary to the Gongyang zhuan says: '麕 means a roe deer.' The second character has the sound 加. Guo's commentary to the Erya says: '麚 is a male deer.' The Shuowen says: 'Deer shed their antlers on the day of the summer solstice.' Both characters 麕 and 麚 are derived from 鹿 (deer) and are phono-semantic characters).
94.94
Han Canal (邗溝: the first character is fanqie yu + ju [yú]. Du [Yu]'s commentary on the Zuozhuan states: "Han City was the name of a county in Henei." The Shuowen says: "Han was the fief granted to a son of King Wu of Zhou; it is formed from [the radical] 邑 (city) with 于 as phonetic." The commentary writes it with 言 as 講, which is incorrect).
94.95
Setting up a target post (置臬: the second character is fanqie yan + lie [niè]. The Kaosheng says: "Nie (臬) means an archery target; it also means a peg." The character peg (橛) is fanqie quan + yue [jué]).
94.96
Dredging and unblocking (疏瀹: the second character is fanqie yu + lüe [yuè]. Mencius says: "Unblocking (瀹) the sources of waters so they flow freely." The Shenglei says: "Yue (瀹) means briefly plunging things into boiling water and taking them out twice." The Wenzi dian shuo says: "To soak; it is formed from [the radical] 水 (water) with 龠 as phonetic").
94.97
Fierce and bold (雄悍: the second character has the sound hàn. The Shuowen says: "Han (悍) means obstinate; it is formed from [the radical] 心 (heart) with 旱 as phonetic." The Kaosheng says: "Han means valiant").
94.98
Arousing and displaying (奮發: the first character is fanqie fen + wen [fèn]; the second is fanqie fan + wa [fā]. Both have already been explained above. In the Shuowen, both are standard-form characters).
94.99
Sipping and sucking (吸欶: the first character is fanqie xin + yi [xī]. The Guangya says: "Xi (吸) means to drink." Mao's Shi commentary says: "To draw in breath." The Shuowen says: "To breathe; it is formed from [the radical] 口 (mouth) with 及 as phonetic." The second character is fanqie shuang + zhuo [shuò]. The Cangjie pian says: "Shuo (欶) means sucking." The Shuowen says: "Shuo (欶) means to suck; it is formed from [the radical] 欠 (yawn/breath) with 束 as phonetic").
94.100
Rowing a large boat (泛舸: the second character is fanqie ge + wo [gě]. The Fangyan says: "Ge (舸) is the name of a boat." The Shuowen also says: "A boat; it is formed from [the radical] 舟 (boat) and 可").
94.101
Clanging and ringing (鎗鍠: the first character is fanqie chu + geng [qiāng]. The Shuowen says: "Qiang (鎗) is the sound of metal bells; it is formed from [the radical] 金 (metal) with 倉 as phonetic." The second character has the sound hōng. Mao's Odes says: "Bells and drums ring sonorously (鎗鍠)." Mao Chang's commentary says: "Huang (鍠) describes a harmonious sound; it is formed from [the radical] 金 (metal) with 皇 as phonetic." The transmission's text writes it as 錚鑠, which is mistaken. In the large seal script, it is written with 音 as 韹, and also as 喤; the sounds and meanings are also the same).
94.102
White ginger-like stone (礓石: the first character has the sound jiāng. The Kaosheng says: "Jiang stone is white in color and resembles ginger (薑), hence its name." The Picang says: "Earth transformed into stone." The Wenzi dian shuo says: "Formed from [the radical] 石 (stone) with 畺 as phonetic").
94.103
Crashing of rocks (砰[磕-去+(巷-巳+一)]: the first character is fanqie pai + meng [pēng]. The Guangya says: "Peng[kè] (砰[磕-去+(巷-巳+一)]) is the sound of rocks." The character dictionaries say: "A loud crash of rocks." The second character is fanqie gan + he [kè]. The Wenzi dian shuo says: "Peng is properly written as 𱴓, and [kè] is written with 廾 as 𥕤; both describe the roaring, startling sound of water and rocks." The transmission's text writes it as 𥕤, which is a vulgar character).
94.104
Peak and ridge (峯㟧: the first is the standard character for fēng. The second is fanqie ang + ge [è]. Already fully explained above).
94.105
Lifting up with (擎以: the first character is fanqie jing + ying [qíng]. The Guangya says: "Qing (擎) means to lift up." The Gujin zhengzi also says: "To lift up; it is formed from [the radical] 手 (hand) with 敬 as phonetic." Alternatively, it is written with 丱 as 㢣, with the same pronunciation and gloss. The transmission writes it as 檠, which is incorrect).
94.106
Fascicle 20
94.107
Swarming and tangled (繽紛: the first character is fanqie pi + min [bīn]; the second is fanqie ru + wen [fēn]. The Han Shi waizhuan says: "Binbin (繽繽) describes the appearance of moving to and fro." Wang Yi's commentary on the Chuci says: "Bin (繽) describes an abundant appearance; it also means numerous and crowded").
94.108
Mooring the oars (艤棹: the first character is fanqie yi + ji [yǐ]; the second is fanqie zhai + jiao [zhào]. The Kaosheng properly writes it as [示*義], saying: "To bring a boat alongside the bank." The transmission's text writes it with 舟 (boat) as 艤).
94.109
Overlooking the precipice (臨峭: the second character is fanqie qi + xiao [qiào]. It has already been fully explained above in the section on the Hongming ji).
94.110
Obstructed and rough (梗歰: the first character is fanqie geng + xing [gěng]; the second is fanqie sen + ji [sè]. Both have already been explained above in Fascicle 6. The transmission's text writes it with two 歰 characters, which is an error).
94.111
Investigating matters (詧事: the first character is fanqie chan + zha [chá]. The character dictionaries say: "It has the same meaning as the character chá (察)." Wei Hong wrote it with 言 (speech) as 詧, with the same sound and meaning. The transmission's text writes it with 久 as [久/言], which is an error).
94.112
Upon the bed mat (簀上: the first character has the sound zé. Zheng Xuan's commentary on the Liji says: "Ze (簀) is a bed mat." The Gujin zhengzi says: "Formed from [the radical] 竹 (bamboo) with 責 as phonetic").
94.113
Clamorous and noisy (諠橈: the first character has the sound xuān; the second is fanqie na + jiao [náo]. The character dictionaries properly write the first as 讙. Both have already been fully explained above).
94.114
Capturing the qilin (獲𪊭: the second character is fanqie li + zhen [lín]. In the Spring and Autumn Annals, 'Hunting in the west, they captured a lin' refers to this. Character dictionaries properly write it with 𠫤 as 𪊭. The transmission's text writes it as 麟, which is a vulgar character).
94.115
Spouse (伉儷: the first character is fanqie kang + lang [kàng]. The Zuozhuan says: "Unable to protect his spouse." Du Yu's commentary on the Zuozhuan says: "Kang (伉) means equal match." The second character is fanqie li + di [lì]. The Picang says: "Li (儷) is like companion." The Guangya says: "Partner." The Gujin zhengzi says: "The two characters kànglì (伉儷) are both formed from [the radical] 人 (person), with 亢 and 麗 as phonetic").
94.116
Joining the halved gourds (合[丞/巳]: the second character is fanqie jin + yin [jǐn]. Character dictionaries write it with [the radical] 草 (grass) as [卄/丞/巳]. The Yili says: "After four cups, the halved gourds are joined." Zheng Xuan's commentary says: "[Jǐn] is a gourd split and then joined together, called [jǐn]." The Shuowen says: "[Jǐn] means a halved gourd; it is formed from 巳 and 丞, which also serves as phonetic; it is an ideogram").
94.117
Enticing and encouraging (訹勸: the first character is fanqie xun + yu [xù]. The Kaosheng says: "Xu (訹) means to entice." The Shuowen also says: "To entice; it is formed from [the radical] 言 (speech) with 朮 as phonetic").
94.118
Eating before rising from bed (蓐食: the first character is fanqie ru + zhu [rù]. Du Yu's commentary on the Zuozhuan says: "To eat early in one's sleeping mat." The Fangyan says: "Thick." The Shuowen says: "Old grass growing anew is called rù; it is formed from [the radical] 草 (grass) with 辱 as phonetic").
94.119
Counting beads with fingertips (掐珠: the first character is fanqie kou + jia [qiā]. Jia [Kui]'s commentary on the Guoyu says: "Qia (掐) means to snap/pinch." The Kaosheng says: "Counting rosary beads with one's fingernails." The Shuowen says: "Formed from 手 (hand), 爪 (claw), and 臼; it is an ideogram").
94.120
Those who insert (插者: the first character is fanqie fan + qia [chā]. Already explained above. The transmission's text writes it as 極, which is an error).
94.121
Losing baby teeth (齔齒: the first character is fanqie chu + jin [chèn]. Already explained above. The transmission's text writes it with 几 as [齒*兀], which is incorrect).
94.122
Moss and lichen (莓苔: the first character is fanqie mei + pei [méi]; the second is fanqie dai + hai [tái]. The Kaosheng says: "Meitai (莓苔) is water-garment (algae/moss)." Note: Meitai grows in secluded, quiet places on ancient steps and bamboo paths, and is either green or azure).
94.123
Barely escaping (僅免: the first character has the sound jìn. The Guangya says: "Jin (僅) means few/scant." He Xiu's commentary on the Gongyang zhuan says: "Inferior/scarcely." The Shuowen says: "Formed from [the radical] 人 (person) with 堇 as phonetic; 堇 has the sound jǐn").
94.124
Sugar cane and taro (蔗芋: the first character is fanqie zhe + ye [zhè]; the second is fanqie qian + yu [yù]. Already explained above in Fascicle 8 of the Biographies of Eminent Monks).
94.125
Surname Jin (姓靳: the second character is fanqie jin + jin [jìn]. Already explained above; it is the surname of Sengche).
94.126
Crag and precipice (巖隒: the second character is fanqie yan + jian [yǎn]. Guo [Pu]'s commentary on the Erya says: "Yan (隒) describes a mountain shaped like two stacked steaming pots." The Shuowen says: "A cliff; it is formed from [the radical] 阜 (mound) with 兼 as phonetic; 兼 is the standard character. The transmission writes it as 隒, which is a vulgar character).
94.127
Choked full (充噎: the second character is fanqie yan + jie [yē]. The transmission's text writes it with [the radical] 門 as 誾, which is a vulgar error. The Mao Odes says: "My inner heart is as if choked (如噎)." Mao Chang's commentary says: "Ye (噎) means breath cannot flow." The Kaosheng says: "Breath choked in the chest." The Shuowen says: "Ye means food getting stuck; it is formed from [the radical] 口 (mouth) with 壹 as phonetic"; the character zhì (窒) is fanqie zhen + li [zhì]).
94.128
Impossible to step up to (叵階: the first character is fanqie po + wo [pǒ]. The Zitong says: "The reversal of kě (可) forms pǒ (叵)." The character dictionaries say: "Po means impossible (bù kě)." Already fully explained above).
94.129
Spear and shield (矛盾: the first character has the sound móu. It has already been explained above. The transmission's text writes it as 牟. Character dictionaries write it with 口 as 𰠧, which is the bellowing sound of cattle, not the original meaning, so it is not adopted here. The矛 (spear) belongs to the halberd class and is twelve feet long; ancient script also writes it with 戈 as 矛, with the same pronunciation. The second character is fanqie chun + zhun [dùn]; dùn is a shield. Both characters have already been fully explained above in Fascicle 1 of the Biographies of Eminent Monks; the character fá (瞂) has the sound fá).
94.130
Transgressing and failing (𮘧負: the first character is fanqie qu + qian [qiān]. Kong [Anguo]'s commentary on the Shangshu says: "Qian (𮘧) means fault/transgression." The character dictionaries properly write it as 愆, which also means fault. Wei Hong wrote it with 言 as [(彳*言*亍)/心]. Ancient script writes it as 㥶 and 𦎊; the sound is the same as above. Vulgar script writes it as 𠎝).
94.131
Discrepancy and difficulty (差難: the first character is fanqie chu + jia [chā]. Wang Yi's commentary on the Chuci says: "Cha (差) means internally forgiving oneself while judging others." It is also a dialect particle of the people of Chu).
94.132
Narrow and shallow (褊淺: the first character is fanqie bian + mian [biǎn]. Guo Pu's commentary on the Erya says: "Bian (褊) means urgent/tight." The Shuowen says: "Bian means small; it is formed from [the radical] 衣 (clothing) with 扁 as phonetic; 扁 is fanqie bian + bian [biǎn]." The transmission's text writes it with 犬 (dog) as 猵, which is incorrect. The Kaosheng says: "Bian means narrow; tight clothing." It is also written as 𱜯).
94.133
Depression and elevation (窊隆: the first character is fanqie wu + gua [wā]. The Shuowen says: "Wa (窊) means low/depressed; it is formed from [the radical] 穴 (cave) with 瓜 as phonetic; 瓜 is fanqie gua + hua [guā]." The second character is fanqie lu + chong [lóng]. The Shuowen says: "Long means abundant and grand; it is formed from [the radical] 阜 (mound), 夅, and 土").
94.134
Fascicle 21
94.135
Faqiang (法鏘: the second character is fanqie que + yang [qiāng]; this is the distinctive name of a monk).
94.136
Jiaozhi (交阯: the second character has the sound zhǐ; referring to Jiaozhi Commandery in Jiaozhou. Already explained above).
94.137
Deeply engaging conversation (劇談: the first character is fanqie qing + ji [jù]. The Cangjie pian says: "Ju (劇) means profound/deep." Gu Yewang says: "Extreme." The Wenzi dian shuo says: "Formed from [the radical] 刀 (knife) with 豦 as phonetic; 豦 has the sound qú").
94.138
Deceitful and bizarre (譎詭: the first character has the sound jué; the second has the sound guǐ. Already explained above in Fascicle 17. The character guǐ was glossed and explained in Fascicle 2 of the Biographies of Eminent Monks).
94.139
Voice ringing out (聲颺: the second character is fanqie yao + zhang [yáng]. The Shuowen properly writes it as 颺, meaning flying with the wind; it is formed from [the radical] 風 (wind) with 昜 as phonetic. The transmission's text writes it as 颺).
94.140
Coagulating dregs (凝澱: the second character is fanqie tian + jian [diàn]. Guo [Pu]'s commentary on the Erya says: "Dian (澱) means dregs." The Gujin zhengzi says: "Formed from [the radical] 水 (water) with 殿 as phonetic").
94.141
It is foul (薉矣: the first character is fanqie yu + hui [huì]. Character dictionaries also properly write it with 禾 as 穢; huì means overgrown with weeds; it also means unclean, and furthermore evil. The Gujin zhengzi gives the same meaning: formed from [the radical] 禾 (grain) with 歲 as phonetic. It is also written with 草 (grass) as 薉, which matches the transmission's text).
94.142
Huiyan (慧巘: the second character is fanqie yan + jian [yǎn]; this is a monk's name).
94.143
Breaking and crushing (挫拉: the first character is fanqie zu + wo [cuò]; the second is fanqie lan + ge [lā]. Already fully explained above in Fascicle 3).
94.144
Gentle words (耎語: the first character is fanqie ru + chuan [ruǎn]. The transmission's text writes it with 車 (chariot) as 軟, which is incorrect. Already explained above in Fascicle 3 of the Biographies of Eminent Monks).
94.145
Huicong (慧嵸: the second character is fanqie cong + kong [sǒng]; this is a monk's name. It also has the sound zǒng).
94.146
Insects and creepy-crawlies (蟲豸: the first character is fanqie zhong + zhong [chóng]; the second is fanqie chi + li [zhì]. The Shuowen says: "Zhi (豸) refers to beasts with a long spine; it crawls forward; it is a pictographic character." Guo [Pu]'s commentary on the Erya says: "Those without legs are called zhì; insects belong to this").
94.147
Fascicle 22
94.148
Childhood years (髫年: the first character is fanqie di + liao [tiáo]. Already fully explained above in Fascicle 1 of the Biographies of Eminent Monks).
94.149
Fields and irrigation canals (畎澮: the first character is fanqie juan + xuan [quǎn]; the second is fanqie huai + wai [kuài]. The Shuowen says: "Kuài describes the flowing waters of canals." Character dictionaries properly write it with two亅 characters as 刂: 'For an area of one hundred square li there is a canal (刂), two xún wide and two rèn deep'").
94.150
Shamans and sorcerers (巫覡: the first character has the sound wú; the second is fanqie xing + ji [xí]. Already fully explained above in the Biographies of Eminent Monks).
94.151
Fucheng (鄜城: the first character is fanqie fu + wu [fū]. The Hanshu says: "Fucheng is Fuzhou, located north of the Wei River." The Shuowen says: "Formed from [the radical] 邑 (city) with 𲎋 as phonetic; 𲎋 is fanqie pu + jiao [páo]").
94.152
Collapsing and falling (穨陊: the first character is fanqie dui + hui [tuí], already explained above in Fascicle 4. The second character is fanqie tuo + ke [duò]. The Gujin zhengzi says: "Duo (陊) means to fall down; it is formed from [the radical] 阜 (mound) with 多 as phonetic." It also has the sound zhì. It is also written with 它 as 陀, with the same sound and meaning; 它 has the sound tuó).
94.153
Hares and tiger cubs (兔彪: the first character is fanqie ta + lu [tù]. The transmission's text writes it with 草 (grass) as 莬, which is also acceptable; both are characters for hare/rabbit. The Shuowen says: "Tù is a beast; it depicts a crouching posture, with the final dot depicting its tail." The second character is fanqie bi + xiu [biāo]. The transmission writes it as 彪, which is a vulgar character. The Shuowen says: "Biāo refers to the stripes of a tiger; it is formed from [the radical] 虎 (tiger) and 彡, depicting its stripes").
94.154
Pitfall (阬阱: the first character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 客耕 [kēng]; the transmitted text writes it with the 'earth' radical as 坑, which is a popular form; it was already explained in fascicle thirteen. The second character is 情郢 [jǐng]; the transmitted text writes it with the 'cave' radical as 穽; it was already explained in the seventh fascicle).
94.155
Yuantao (元燾: the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 徒到 [dào]; it was already explained in the third fascicle of the earlier Gaoseng zhuan).
94.156
Fascicle Twenty-Three
94.157
Sengmeng (僧勐: the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 莫杏 [měng]; it is a monk's name, and a popular form of the character 猛).
94.158
Quiet and tranquil (靜謐: the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 民畢 [mì]. The Erya, 'Shigu', states: 'Mì means peaceful and quiet.' The Shuowen jiezi states: 'Mì means quiet; it takes the "speech" radical and 𥁑 phonetic.' 𥁑 has the same sound as above).
94.159
Wandering unrestrained (流宕: the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 唐浪 [dàng]. The Shuowen jiezi states: 'It means exceeding ten; one source says it means an expansive house; it takes the "roof" radical and the abbreviated 碭 phonetic.' 碭 is pronounced 堂 [táng]).
94.160
Admonish and discipline (懲艾: the first character is pronounced 澄 [chéng]; the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 我[蓋-去+干] [ài]).
94.161
Scooping the earth (捊地: the first character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 鮑包 [póu]. The Kaosheng states: 'Scooping with fingers.' Anciently written as [木*麃]; the popular form 掊 is identical. The transmitted text writing 把 is incorrect).
94.162
Stirring and churning (搯淈: the first character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 討刀 [tāo]; the transmitted text writes it with the 'water' radical as 洮. Kong's commentary on the Shangshu states: '洮 means washing hands'; this is not the original meaning and is not adopted here. For 搯, the Zuo zhuan says: 'Turning to the left and stirring to the left.' The Zhou shu says: 'The army then drew weapons and stabbed and struck.' The Shuowen jiezi states: '搯棺 [tāo guān, meaning to pull or cover a coffin]'; the pronunciation is the fanqie 椀活 [wō]; it takes the 'hand' radical and 舀 phonetic; 舀 is pronounced 滔 [tāo]. The second character has the two pronunciations 鶻 [hú] and 骨 [gǔ]. The character dictionaries say: '淈 means stirring to make muddy.' The Cang Jie pian states: 'The appearance of flowing water.' For clearing water channels, 淈 is also written as 汩. The Erya says: '汩 means clearing.' Jia Kui's commentary on the Guoyu states: 'Opening its streams.' The Guangya states: 'It means flowing.' The Shuowen jiezi has it with the 'water' radical and 屈 phonetic. 淈 and 汩 are identical in sound).
94.163
Intermingled (雜糅: the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 女救 [ròu]; it was already explained in the second fascicle of the Xu gaoseng zhuan).
94.164
Submerged and flowing (淪湑: the first character is pronounced 倫 [lún]. Kong's commentary on the Shangshu states: '淪 means sinking/submerging.' The second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 胥𠂤 [xū]. The Picang states: '湑 means flowing.' The Shuowen jiezi states: '湑 means dredging; it takes the "water" radical and 胥 phonetic').
94.165
Robber Zhi (盜跖: the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 征石 [zhí]; already explained previously).
94.166
Yanxi (炎羲: the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 喜飢 [xī]; the transmitted text writes 曦, which is a popular form; character dictionaries correctly write it as 羲. Kong's commentary on the Shangshu states: 'Xi and He are charioteers of the sun.' Also, the Shanhai jing states: 'Xihe, wife of the Heavenly Emperor, gave birth to ten suns.' Wang Yi's commentary on the Chuci states: 'Xi means luminous and bright.' The Shuowen jiezi states: 'It takes the 𠔃 radical and 義 phonetic').
94.167
Zhen Luan (甄鸞: the first character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 質人 [zhēn]; it is a person's surname).
94.168
Courteous and reverent (恂恂: [pronounced with the fanqie] 須勻 [xún]; 勻 is the fanqie 聿旬 [yún]. Kong's commentary on the Analects states: '恂恂 is the appearance of being warm and respectful.' The Shuowen jiezi states: 'It takes the "heart" radical and 旬 phonetic').
94.169
Dazzling (眩曜: the first character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 玄練 [xuàn]. The Cang Jie pian states: '眩 means sight that is unclear.' The Shuowen jiezi states: 'It takes the "eye" radical and 玄 phonetic.' The second character 曜 takes the 'sun' radical; the transmitted text taking the 'eye' radical is incorrect).
94.170
Placenta and eggshell (胎[穀-(一/禾)+(夕*ㄗ)]: the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 苦角 [què]; it was already explained in the fourth fascicle of the earlier Gaoseng zhuan).
94.171
Alternating (㪅遞: the first character is pronounced 耕 [gēng]; the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 啼禮 [dǐ]; already explained in the first fascicle).
94.172
Flaying and dismembering (㓟析: the first character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 被眉 [pī]; the second character is pronounced 昔 [xī]. Note that 㓟析 means skinning and peeling; 析 means dissecting and dismembering limbs. None of the character dictionaries contain the character 㓟 written with the 'knife' radical; it is probably a popular usage).
94.173
Deep whirlpool (深渦: the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 烏和 [wō]; it describes the motion of flowing water, and is also the name of a river in Qiao Commandery).
94.174
Fascicle Twenty-Four
94.175
Clearing the road for the imperial carriage (迴蹕: the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 賓蜜 [bì]; it was already explained in the eighth fascicle of the earlier Gaoseng zhuan).
94.176
Heaven's favor (天𰦀: [pronounced with the fanqie] 厥倦 [juàn]; character dictionaries correctly write it as 眷. The Mao Commentary to the Odes states: '眷 is like looking back with favor.' The Shuowen jiezi also states: 'Looking back; it takes the "eye" radical and the abbreviated 卷 phonetic.' The transmitted text writing 睠 is a popular form).
94.177
Xianyun (獫狁: the first character is pronounced 險 [xiǎn]; the second character is pronounced 尹 [yǔn]; character dictionaries correctly write it as 玁狁; it was already explained in the twelfth fascicle of the earlier Gaoseng zhuan; the transmitted text writing 獫 is also acceptable).
94.178
Sincere and genuine (誠慤: the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 腔角 [què]; it was already fully explained in the second fascicle).
94.179
Hymns of praise (唄贊: the first character is pronounced 敗 [bài]; the second character is pronounced 讚 [zàn]; fully explained in the first fascicle of the earlier Gaoseng zhuan).
94.180
Wife and concubines (妻𦩩: the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 繩證 [shèng]; it was already explained in the second fascicle of the earlier Gaoseng zhuan).
94.181
Valiant and fierce (驍捍: the first character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 晈堯 [xiāo]. Xu Shuzhong says: '驍 means courageous and quick.' The Han shu mentions the 'valiant cavalry general' (驍騎將軍). The Guangya states: 'It means strong.' The Shuowen jiezi states: '驍 means a fine horse; it takes the "horse" radical and 堯 phonetic.' The second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 寒旦 [hàn]; it was already explained in the nineteenth fascicle; also written with the 'heart' radical as 忓, with the same meaning).
94.182
Interrogating and prosecuting (椎劾: the first character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 出隹 [chuí]; the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 恒尅 [hé]. Gu Yewang states: '劾 refers to the statements of accusation and testimony in investigating a criminal case; it is also the written investigation in examining a trial.' Zheng's commentary on the Zhouli states: 'Distinguishing the different forms of crime in legal proceedings and summarizing them; thus the Shiji mentions 劾.' The Shuowen jiezi states: '劾 means finding guilty according to the law; it takes the "knife" radical and 亥 phonetic.' The transmitted text writing 劾 with the 'blade' radical is an error).
94.183
Promulgate and announce (頒告: the first character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 八蠻 [bān]; character dictionaries correctly write it as 頒; already fully explained in the first fascicle).
94.184
Stumble and falter (𦼫蒢: the first character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 拒魚 [jù]; the second character is pronounced 除 [chú]; already explained in the eighth fascicle).
94.185
Methods of Laozi (耼術: the first character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 他含 [dān]; it is the personal name of Laozi. The transmitted text writing with the 'tongue' radical as 甜 does not have the original meaning; it was already explained in the Bianzheng lun. The Shuowen jiezi has it with the 'ear' radical and 冄, which is the correct form; sometimes written with the 'body' radical as 𨈜).
94.186
Ancient registers (古諜: the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 恬𭜴 [dié]; character dictionaries write it with the 'wood splint' radical as 牒; the transmitted text writing with the 'speech' radical as 諜 is incorrect; already explained previously).
94.187
Saving the world (捄世: the first character is pronounced 求 [qiú]; both were already explained in the ninth fascicle).
94.188
Zhihui (之憓: the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 擕桂 [huì]; fully explained in the twelfth fascicle of the earlier Gaoseng zhuan).
94.189
Gaojie (槀街: the first character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 高道 [gǎo]. Gu Yewang states: '槀 is like straw/dry grass.' The Shuowen jiezi states: 'It takes the "grain" radical and 高 phonetic.' The second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 界諧 [jiē]. Gu Yewang states: 'A street (街) is a thoroughfare connecting the four directions.' The Han shu states: 'Gaojie was the hostel quarter for non-Han peoples.' The Gujin zhengzi has it with the 'walk' radical and 圭 phonetic).
94.190
Ominous vapors (氛祲: the first character is pronounced 紛 [fēn]; the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 子鴆 [jìn]. Zheng's commentary on the Zhouli states: '祲 refers to the vapors of yin and yang gradually encroaching upon each other to form disasters.' Du's commentary on the Zuo zhuan states: '祲 refers to malevolent vapors.' The Shuowen jiezi states: '祲 refers to vapors provoking omens; it takes the "altar" radical and the abbreviated 侵 phonetic').
94.191
Fragrant and foul herbs (薰蕕: the first character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 訓雲 [xūn]; the second character is [pronounced with the fanqie] 酉周 [yóu]; already explained in the Shijiao lu).
94.192
Habitually jealous (素嫉: the second character is pronounced 疾 [jí]; already seen in the previous explanations).
94.193
Deceiving superiors (罔上: the transmitted text writes with the 'speech' radical as [言*(囗@又)], which is an erroneous character. The Erya states: '𠕀 means without.' The Analects says: 'One may deceive him, but one cannot ensnare him (岡).' Ma Rong's commentary states: 'It means falsely accusing.' The Shuowen jiezi writes it as 𠕀, picturing crisscrossing patterns).
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Linked texts (1)
- 一切經音義 — 慧琳, Classical Chinese