四分戒本疏卷第一．第二．第三 2.67

2.67

若比丘作新坐具當取故者縱廣一搩手揲新者上以壞色故若作新坐具不取故者縱廣一搩手揲新者上用壞色者尼薩耆波逸提　此滿足戒本文有三句。一犯人。二制其揲法。三若比丘已下不揲結罪　言若比丘義如下辯。言新坐具者故揲一搩手是制揲法。律云。造新坐具時。若故未壞。未有穿孔。當取浣染治之。牽挽舒裁。取方一搩手揲著新者。若揲邊若中央。以壞色故。僧祇律云。若自無故者不得從少聞。犯戒者無聞者住壞房。不治者惡名人斷見人。遠離二師者不喜聽問人。不別魔事人。邊取者則反上。多論若無故者一搩手拒亦應用。善見云。故者下至一經坐不須揲。言若作新坐具至波逸提已來為不揲故結犯。就句有四義。一須捨物。二須懺罪。三應還物。四不與得罪。律云。若揲若自無得處不揲。若他為作。若得已成。若純故者作不犯。

"If a monk makes a new sitting mat, he must take a piece from the old one, one span in length and breadth, and patch it onto the new one, for the purpose of disfiguring the color. If he makes a new sitting mat without taking a piece from the old one, one span in length and breadth, to patch onto the new one to disfigure the color, it is a niḥsargika-prāyaścittika." / In this full text of the precept there are three clauses: first, the person committing the offense; second, regulating the method of patching; third, from "if a monk" onward, determining the offense for not patching. / "If a monk" is explained as below. "A new sitting mat... patching with one span from the old" is the regulated method of patching. The Vinaya states: when making a new sitting mat, if the old one is not yet ruined and has no holes, one should take it, wash it, dye it, and prepare it; pulling and stretching it flat, one cuts a square of one span and patches it onto the new one, either at the edge or in the center, for the purpose of disfiguring the color. The Mahāsāṃghika Vinaya states: if one has no old one of one's own, one may not take one from a person of little learning, an offender against the precepts, an unlearned person, one who dwells in dilapidated rooms, an undisciplined person, one of bad reputation, one of annihilationist views, one who stays away from the two teachers, one who dislikes hearing and asking questions, or one who cannot distinguish the works of Māra; taking from others is the opposite of the above. The Sarvāstivāda-vinaya-vibhāṣā states: if there is no old one, even a one-span [piece of coarse fabric] should be used. The Samantapāsādikā states: as for an old one, if it has been sat upon even once, it does not need to be patched [anew]. From "if one makes a new sitting mat" down to "prāyaścittika", the offense is determined because of failing to patch. In this clause there are four points: 1. the object must be forfeited; 2. the offense must be confessed; 3. the object should be returned; 4. not returning it incurs an offense. The Vinaya states: if it is patched, or if one genuinely has nowhere to obtain [an old piece] and does not patch, or if another makes it for him, or if he obtains what is already made, or if it is made purely of old material, there is no offense.