Bhagavadgita 5

Sārārthavarṣiṇī 5

Language: Sanskrit

5.1

śrīviśvanātha— proktaṃ jñānādapi śreṣṭhaṃ karma taddārḍhyasiddhaye| tatpadārthasya ca jñānaṃ sāmyādyā api pañcame|| pūrvādhyāyānte śrutena vākyadvayena virodhamāśaṅkamānaḥ pṛcchati—saṃnyāsamiti| “yogasaṃnyastakarmāṇaṃ jñānasaṃchinnasaṃśayam| ātmavantaṃ na karmāṇi nibadhnanti dhanañjaya||” iti vākyena tvaṃ karmayogenotpannajñānasya karmasannyāsaṃ brūṣe; “tasmādajñānasambhūtaṃ hṛtsthaṃ jñānāsinātmanaḥ| chittvainaṃ saṃśayaṃ yogamātiṣṭhottiṣṭha bhārata||” ityanena punastasyaiva karmayogañca brūṣe| na ca karmasaṃnyāsaḥ karmayogaścaikasyaikadaiva sambhavataḥ sthitivativadviruddhasvarūpatvāt| tasmāt jñānī karmasaṃnyāsaṃ kuryāt karmayogaṃ vā kuryāditi tvadabhiprāyamanavagato'haṃ pṛcchāmi—etayormadhye yadekaṃ śreyastvayā suniścitaṃ tanme brūhi|
'yogasaṃnyasta----------dhanañjaya' (gītā 4/41)—isa ślokameṃ āpane karmayogase utpanna jñānake dvārā karmasaṃnyāsa kahā hai| punaḥ 'tasmāt-----bhārata' sthiti aura gatikī bhām̐ti karmasaṃnyāsa aura karmayogake paraspara viruddha svarūpa
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—dvitīya adhyāyameṃ ajñānako dūra karanevāle aisā kahakara upasaṃhārameṃ bhagavān śrīkṛṣṇane ātmajñānakī prāptike upāyasvarūpa jñāna-niṣṭhā prāpta karaneke lie pahale niṣkāma karmayogake avalambanako ucita batāyā| ye viṣaya durbuddha haiṃ—aisā jānakara, sādhāraṇa logoṃke lie bodhagamya banāneke lie arjuna ajñakī bhām̐ti kṛṣṇase pūcha rahe haiṃ ki āpane pahale karmasaṃnyāsa yā jñānayogako śreṣṭha batāyā ina do prakārake upadeśoṃkā pālana karanā nitānta asambhava hai, kyoṃki sthira aura gatiśīla tathā prakāśa evaṃ andhakāra—donoṃ paraspara virodhī

5.2

śrīviśvanātha—karmayogo viśiṣyata iti jñāninaḥ karmakaraṇe na ko'pi doṣaḥ; pratyuta niṣkāmakarmaṇā cittaśuddhidārḍhyājjñānadārḍhyameva syāt; saṃnyāsinastu kadāciccittavaiguṇye sati kiṃ tadupaśamanāthaṃ kiṃ karma niṣiddham ? jñānābhyāsapratibandhakantu cittavaiguṇyameva, viṣayagrahaṇe tu vāntāśitvameva syāditi bhāvaḥ |
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—arjunake praśnakā uttara dete hue śrībhagavān kaha rahe haiṃ—jñānayoga (karmasaṃnyāsa) tathā niṣkāma karmayoga donoṃ hī śreyaskara patanakī sambhāvanā kama hai| kintu, karmatyāgī saṃnyāsīmeṃ kadācit viṣayabhogakī icchā honepara usakā patana honepara use vāntāśī kahā jātā ‘yaḥ pravrajya gṛhāt pūrvaṃ trivargāpanāt punaḥ| yadi seveta tān bhikṣuḥ sa vai vāntāśyapatrapaḥ||’ (śrīmadbhā. 7/15/36) arthāt, yadi koī vyakti trivarga-sādhaka saṃnyāsa āśramakā parityāgakara punaḥ gṛhasthāśramameṃ praveśa karatā hai, to use vāntāśī arthāt vamanabhojī nirlajja kahā jātā hai| haiṃ| śāstravihita ācaraṇako hī karma kahate haiṃ| jisa samaya jīva svayaṃko karmoṃkā karttā tathā karmaphaloṃkā bhoktā mānakara karmakā ācaraṇa karatā hai| kintu, niṣkāma bhagavat-arpita karmake dvārā hī bhagavānase yoga sthāpita

5.3

śrīviśvanātha—na ca sannyāsaprāpyo mokṣo'kṛtasannyāsenāaiva tena na prāpya iti vācyamityāha—jñeya iti| sa tu śuddhacittaḥ karmī nityasannyāsī eva jñeyaḥ| ‘he mahābāho’ iti muktinagarīṃ jetuṃ sa eva mahāvīra iti bhāvaḥ|
sabhī viṣayoṃko tathā svayako bhagavān‌ke caraṇoṃmeṃ samarpitakara sadā

5.4

śrīviśvanātha—tasmāt yacchreya evaitayoriti tvaduktamapi vastuto na ghaṭate, vivekibhirubhayoḥ pārthakyābhāvasya dṛṣṭatvādityāha—sāṃkhyayogāviti| sāṃkhyaśabdena jñānaniṣṭhāvācinā tadaṅgaḥ saṃnyāso lakṣyate| saṃnyāsa-karmayogau pṛthak svatantrāviti bālā vadanti na tu vijñāḥ, - 'jñeyaḥ sa nityasaṃnyāsī'iti pūrvokteḥ, ata ekamapītyādi|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—karmayogakā bhalībhām̐ti anuṣṭhāna karanese donoṃkā eka hī phala honeke kāraṇa tattvavid inameṃ bheda nahīṃ dekhate|

5.5

śrīviśvanātha—etadeva spaṣṭayati—yadifeedti| sāṅkhyaiḥ saṃnyāsena yogairniṣkāmakarmaṇā, bahuvacanaṃ gauraveṇa, ataeva taddvayaṃ pṛthagbhūtamapi yo vivekenaikameva paśyati sa paśyati—cakṣuṣmān paṇḍita ityarthaḥ|
bhāvānuvāda—ise hī ‘yat’ ityādise spaṣṭa rūpameṃ kaha rahe haiṃ| ‘sāṃkhya’ hī darśana karate haiṃ, ve hī darśana karate haiṃ arthāt ve hī netravān (cakṣuṣmān) paṇḍita haiṃ|

5.6

śrīviśvanātha—kintu samyakcittaśuddhimanirddhārayato jñāninaḥ saṃnyāso duḥkhadaḥ karmayogastu sukhada eveti pūrvavyañjitamarthaṃ spaṣṭamevāha—saṃnyāsastviti| cittavaiguṇye satīti śeṣaḥ| ayogataḥ karmayogābhāvāccitta-vaiguṇyapraśāmakakarmayogasya saṃnyāsinyabhāvāt tatrānadhikārādityarthaḥ| saṃnyāso duḥkhameva prāptuṃ bhavati| taduktaṃ vārttikakṛdbhiḥ-“pramādino bahiścittāḥ piśunāḥ kalahotsukāḥ| saṃnyāsino'pi dṛśyante daivasaṃdūṣitāśayāḥ||” iti, śrutirapi-“yadi na samuddharanti yatayo hṛdi kāmajaṭāḥ” iti, bhagavatāpi-“yastvasaṃyataṣaḍvargaḥ” (śrīmadbhā. 11/18/40) ityādyuktam| tasmādyo yuktaḥ niṣkāmakarmavān munirjñānī san brahma śīghraṃ prāpnoti|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti-cittaśuddhi honeke pūrva saṃnyāsa grahaṇa karanekī apekṣā niṣkāma karmayogakā ācaraṇa karanā śreṣṭha hai|

5.7

śrīviśvanātha—kṛtenāpi karmaṇā jñāninastasya na lepa ityāha—yogeti| yogayukto jñānī trividhaḥ—'viśuddhātmā' vijitabuddhirekaḥ, 'vijitātmā' viśuddhacitto dvitīyaḥ, 'jitendriyaḥ' tṛtīya iti pūrvapūrveṣāṃ sādhanatāratamyādutkarṣaḥ| etādṛśe gṛhasthe tu sarve'pi jīvā anurajyantītyāha—sarveṣāmapi bhūtānāmātmabhūtaḥ premāspadībhūta ātmā deho yasya saḥ|

5.9

śrīviśvanātha—yena karmaṇā lepastaṃ prakāraṃ śikṣayati—naiveti| yuktaḥ karmayogī darśanādīni kurvannapi, indriyāṇīndriyārtheṣu varttanta iti dhārayan buddhyā niścinvan nirabhimānaḥ kiñcidapyahaṃ naiva karomīti manyeta||8-9||

5.10

śrīviśvanātha—kiñca, brahmaṇi parameśvare mayi karmāṇi samarpya saṅgaṃ tyaktvā sābhimāno'pi karmāsaktiṃ vihāya yaḥ karmāṇi karoti| pāpenetyupalakṣaṇam| so'pi karmamātreṇaiva na lipyate|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—śuddha ātmākā prākṛta karmase koī bhī anurūpa īśvarakī preraṇāse jar̤a dehakī samasta kriyāem̐ svabhāvataḥ niṣpanna ho rahī haiṃ, jar̤adeha rahaneke kāraṇa abhī karmoṃmeṃ kucha karttāpanakā bhāva dīkhanepara bhī śarīrake vigata honepara siddhike samaya karmameṃ karttāpanakā bhāva sampūrṇa rūpase dūra ho jāegā| aise mahātmāoṃko koī bhī karma saṃsārabandhanameṃ nahīṃ ḍāla sakatā| sambandhī samasta kriyāem̐ karttāpanakā abhimāna dūrakara pūrva-pūrva abhyāsake kāraṇa karate haiṃ||”10||

5.11

śrīviśvanātha—kaivalairapīndriyairiti| ‘indrāya svāhā’ ityādinā havirādyarpaṇakāle yadyapi manaḥ kvā'pyanyatra tadapītyarthaḥ| ātmaśuddhaye manaḥśuddhyartham|

5.12

śrīviśvanātha—karmakaraṇe anāsaktyāsaktī eva mokṣabandhahetu ityāha—yukto yogī niṣkāmakamītyarthaḥ| naiṣṭhikīṃ niṣṭhāprāptāṃ śānti mokṣamityarthaḥ| ayuktaḥ sakāma-karmītyarthaḥ| kāmakāreṇa kāmapravṛttyā|

5.13

śrīviśvanātha—ato'nāsaktaḥ karmāṇi kurvannapi “jñeyaḥ sa nityasaṃnyāsī” iti pūrvoktavat vastutaḥ saṃnyāsī evocyate ityāha—sarvakarmāṇi manasā saṃnyasya kāyādivyāpāreṇa bahiṣkurvannapi vaśī jitendriyaḥ sukhamāste| kutra?—navadvāre pure puravadahaṃ bhāvaśūnyedehe dehī utpannajñāno jīvaḥ naiva kurvanniti karmasukhasya vastutaḥ karttṛtvaṃ naivāstīti jānan, na kārayanniti nāpi teṣu svasya prayojanakatvamityapi jānannityarthaḥ|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—manuṣya śarīra gṛhake samāna hai—'gṛhaṃ śarīraṃ mānuṣyam' (śrīmadbhā. 11/19/43)| yaha viṣaya śrīmadbhāgavatake purañjana nimnalikhita haiṃ—do netra, do karṇa, do nāsikā chidra, eka mukha—sirake ye sāta tathā nīceke maladvāra tathā jananendriya| yogī nau dvāraviśiṣṭa dehase ve samasta indriyoṃke adhipati bhagavānkī sevā karate haiṃ|

5.14

śrīviśvanātha—nanu ca yadi jīvasya vastutaḥ karttṛtvādikaṃ naivāsti, tarhi parameśvarasṛṣṭe jagati sarvatra jīvasya karttṛtvabhoktṛtvādi-darśanānmanye parameśvareṇaiva balāttasya karttṛtvādikaṃ sṛṣṭam| tathā sati tasmin vaiṣamya-nairghṛṇye prasakte, tatra na hi na hītyāha—na karttṛtvamiti| nāpi tatkarttavyatvena karmāṇyapi, na ca karmaphalairbhogaiḥ saṃyogamapi, kintu jīvasya svabhāvo'nādyavidyaiva pravarttate, taṃ jīvaṃ karttṛtvādyabhimānamārohayitumiti bhāvaḥ|
koī yaha na samajha le ki ekamātra parameśvarakī preraṇāse hī jīva karmameṃ pravṛtta ho rahā hai| aisā mānanese parameśvarameṃ vaiṣamya, niṣṭhuratādi doṣoṃko svīkāra karanā par̤atā hai| isake atirikta karmaphalake sātha jīvake saṃyogameṃ logoṃko hī parameśvara karmoṃmeṃ niyukta kara dete haiṃ| ve svayaṃ jīvoṃmeṃ karttṛtvādiko utpanna nahīṃ karate— ‘vaiṣamya-nairghṛṇye doṣarna sāpekṣatvāttathā hi darśayati’ (bra. sū. 2/1/34) śrutike anusāra jaise brahma anādi hai, vaise hī jīvoṃkā karmasaṃskāra niyuktamātra karate haiṃ| ataḥ parameśvarameṃ vaiṣamya ādikā doṣa yuktisaṃgata śrīviṣṇu jīvako sthūla karmoṃmeṃ niyukta karate haiṃ| isalie jīvoṃke saṃskāra “yadi kaho ki karmasaṃskārake anusāra hī parameśvara jīvoṃko karmameṃ mūlataḥ karmasattā bhī īśvarake adhīna rahaneke kāraṇa anādi jīva-svabhāvake avasthāoṃmeṃ vaiṣamyarahita haiṃ|”—govindabhāṣya|

5.15

śrīviśvanātha—yasmādasādhu-sādhukarmaṇāmīśvaro na kārayitā, tasmādeva na pāpapuṇyabhāgitvamityāha—nādatte na gṛhṇāti, kintu tadīyā khalu yā śaktiravidyā, saiva jīvajñānamāvṛṇotītyāha—ajñānenāvidyayā| jñānaṃ jīvasya svābhāvikam, tena hetunā|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—bhagavān ‘vibhu’ arthāt vyāpaka evaṃ aparimita haiṃ| ve vijñānānandapūrṇa ananta śaktisampanna haiṃ| ve sadā-sarvadā sva-svarūpagata ānanda-sāgarameṃ nimagna rahate haiṃ| isalie anyatra udāsīna rahaneke kāraṇa āptakāma bhagavānkī avidyā śaktike dvārā svarūpagata aura svābhāvika jñāna ācchādita honeke kāraṇa baddhadaśā prāpta jīvakā jar̤adehameṃ ātma‘nādatta ātmā hi guṇaṃ na doṣaṃ na kriyāphalam| udāsīnavadāsīnaḥ parāvaradṛgīśvaraḥ||’ (śrīmadbhā. 6/16/11) citraketu mahārājake mṛta putrakā jīvātmā śoka-santapta citraketu sākṣī hai tathā dehādike paratantra na hokara udāsīnakī bhām̐ti avasthāna kara rahā hai||”15||

5.16

śrīviśvanātha—yathā avidyā tasya jñānamāvṛṇoti, tathaivāparā tasya vidyāśaktiravidyāṃ vināśaya jñānaṃ prakāśayatītyarthaḥ| jñānena vidyāśaktyā'jñānamavidyām| teṣāṃ jīvānāṃ jñānameva kartṛ, ādityavaditi| ādityaprabhā yathāndhakāraṃ vināśaya ghaṭapaṭādikaṃ prakāśayati, tathaiva vidyaivāvidyāṃ vināśaya tajjīvaniṣṭhaṃ jñānaṃ parama aprākṛtaṃ prakāśayati| tena parameśvaro na kamapi badhnāti, nāpi kamapi mocayati| kintu ajñānajñāne prakṛtereva dharme krameṇa badhnāti mocayati ca| karttṛtvabhoktṛtva-tatprayojakatvādayo bandhakāḥ, anāsaktiśāntyādayo mocakāśca prakṛtereva dharmāḥ| kintu parameśvarasyāntaryāmitva eva prakṛteste te dharmā udbudhyante ityetadaṃśenaiva tasya prayojakatvamiti na tasya vaiṣamya-nairghṛṇye |
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—jīva anādi prakṛtise deha prāptakara apanī bhagavān‌kī māyāśakti dvārā daṇḍasvarūpa jīvakā sva-svarūpa ācchādita māyākī avidyā aura vidyā vṛtti hī kramaśaḥ jīvake bandhana evaṃ 'vidyāvidye mama tanū viddhyuddhava śarīriṇām| mokṣa bandhakarī ādye māyayā me vinirmite||' (śrīmadbhā. 11/11/3) arthāt, he uddhava avidyā aura vidyā—ye donoṃ merī māyā śaktikī vidyā| pradhānake dvārā satyakī bhām̐ti pratīta honevālī jīvakī upādhi sṛṣṭa parameśvarameṃ svataḥ karttṛtva nitya vidyamāna rahatā hai| prakṛti unakī isalie jagat-sṛṣṭikā gauṇa kāraṇa prakṛtike honepara bhī parameśvara hī āṃśika rūpameṃ isake prayojaka haiṃ| jar̤a-prakṛti-sambandhī jñānako hī jīvakā 'ajñāna' yā 'avidyā' kahate haiṃ| aprākṛta jñāna hī 'vidyā' hai| aprākṛta jñānodaya honese jina jīvoṃkā prākṛta jñāna naṣṭa ho jātā hai, unake nikaṭa paramajñānarūpa aprākṛta jñāna udita hokara aprākṛta paramatattvakā prakāśa karatā hai|”—śrībhaktivinoda ṭhākura|

5.17

śrīviśvanātha—kintu vidyā jīvātmajñānameva prakāśayati, na tu paramātmajñānam— “bhaktyāhamekayā grāhyaḥ” iti bhagavadukteḥ| tasmāt paramātmajñānārthaṃ jñānibhirapi punarviśeṣato bhaktiḥ kāryā ityata āha tadbuddhaya iti| tatpadena pūrvopakrānto vibhuḥ parāmṛśyate| tasmin parameśvara eva buddhiryeṣāṃ te, tanmananaparā ityarthaḥ| tadātmānastanmanaskāstameva dhyāyanta ityarthaḥ| tanniṣṭhāḥ “jñānañcamayi saṃnyaset” iti bhagavadukteḥ| dehādyatiriktaātmajñāne'pi sāttvike niṣṭhāṃ parityajya tadekaniṣṭhāstatparāyaṇāstadīyaśravaṇakīrttanaparāḥ| yadvakṣyate— “bhaktyā māmabhijānāti yāvān yaścāsmi tattvataḥ| tato māṃ tattvato jñātvā viśate tadanantaram||” iti| ‘jñānanirdhūtakalmaṣāḥ’ jñānena vidyayaiva pūrvameva dhvastasamastāvidyāḥ|
parityāgakara ekamātra bhagavanniṣṭha haiṃ-ve hī 'tanniṣṭhāḥ' haiṃ| tatparāyaṇa kā 'bhaktyā māmabhijānāti yāvānyaścāsmi tattvataḥ| tato māṃ tattvato jñātvā viśate tadanantaram ||'
sāttvika jñānarūpī vidyā ajñānako naṣṭa karanekā hetu honepara bhī paramātma-

5.18

śrīviśvanātha-tataśca guṇātītānāṃ teṣāṃ guṇamaye vastumātra evaṃ tāratamyamayaṃ viśeṣamajighṛkṣūṇāṃ samabuddhireva syādityāha vidyeti| brāhmaṇe gavīti, sāttvikajātitvāt, hastini madhyame śuni ca śvapāke ceti tāmasajātitvādadhame'pi tattadviśeṣāgrahaṇāt samadarśinaḥ paṇḍitā guṇātītāḥ, viśeṣāgrahaṇameva samaṃ guṇātītaṃ brahma taddraṣṭuṃ śīlaṃ yeṣāṃ te|
vastuoṃmeṃ ve samubuddhimān hoṃge, isalie 'vidyā vinaya' ityādi kaha rahe kintu, guṇātīta paṇḍitagaṇa unakī ina viśeṣatāoṃko nahīṃ grahaṇa karate haiṃ| apitu, guṇātīta 'brahma' ko sarvatra dekhaneke kāraṇa ve samadarśī kahalāte haiṃ|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—jñānī vyaktiyoṃkā darśana kisa prakārakā hotā hai—ise hī uparokta ślokameṃ batāyā jā rahā hai| yahām̐ 'samadarśī' śabdakā tātparya hai—(1) sabhī dehoṃmeṃ bhagavān‌kī taṭasthā śaktise prakaṭita eka hī svarūpaviśiṣṭa jīvātmā vāsa karate haiṃ—aise ātmadarśī puruṣa hī samadarśī (2) brahmadarśī— 'brāhmaṇe pukkase stene brahmaṇye'rka sphuliṅgake| akrūre krūrake caiva samadṛk paṇḍito mataḥ||' (śrīmadbhā. 11/29/14) arthāt, jo brāhmaṇa tathā caṇḍāla, cora tathā brāhmaṇa, sūryakī kiraṇa aise dṛṣṭise sampanna vyaktiko samadarśī kahā jātā hai|

5.19

śrīviśvanātha—samadṛṣṭitvaṃ stauti—ihaiva iha loka eva sṛjyata iti sargaḥ| saṃsāro jitaḥ parābhūtaḥ|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—'ihalokameṃ hī' kā tātparya hai—isī lokameṃ jīvita avasthāmeṃ hī athavā sādhana daśāmeṃ hī ve saṃsāra-bandhanase mukta ho jāte haiṃ|

5.20

śrīviśvanātha—evaṃ laukika priyāpriyādiṣvapi teṣāṃ sāmyamāha—na prahṛṣyediti| na prahṛṣyet na prahṛṣyati, nodvijet nodvijate| sādhanadaśāyāmevamabhyasediti vivakṣayā vā liṅ| asaṃmūḍhaḥ harṣaśokādīnāmabhimānanibandhanatvena sammohamātratvāt|

5.21

śrīviśvanātha—sa ca bāhyasparśeṣu viṣayasukheṣu asaktātmā anāsaktamanāstatra| hetuḥ—ātmani jīvātmani paramātmanaṃ vindati sati prāpte, yat sukhaṃ tadakṣayaṃ sukham| sa evāśnute prāpnoti, na hi nirantaramamṛtāsvādine mṛttikā rocata iti bhāvaḥ|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—śabda-sparśa ādi bāhya viṣayasamūha kevala bāhya viṣayoṃse anāsakta hokara bhītara-hī-bhītara apanī ātmasattāmeṃ paramātmāke darśanase utpanna anubhavake sukhameṃ nimagna rahate haiṃ, ve viṣayoṃke nivarttate' (gītā 2/59) ke anusāra ve bhagavat-sevārūpa śreṣṭha rasameṃ nimagna honeke kāraṇa prākṛta viṣayasukharūpa rasase sarvathā udāsīna rahate haiṃ|

5.22

śrīviśvanātha—vivekavāneva vastuto viṣayasukhe naiva sajjatītyāha— ye hīti |
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—indriyoṃke dvārā viṣayoṃke saṃsparśase jo sukha hote haiṃ| ye viṣayoṃke sātha indriyoṃkā saṃsparśa honese utpanna hote haiṃ tathā viyoga honepara unakā abhāva ho jātā hai| ataeva paṇḍita vyakti kṣaṇabhaṅgura āpāta ramaṇīya viṣaya-sukhameṃ āsakta nahīṃ hote, ve kevala dehayātrāke nirvāhake lie niṣkāma hokara indriya-sambandhī karmoṃko svīkāra karate haiṃ|

5.23

śrīviśvanātha—saṃsārasindhau patito'pyeṣa eva yogī eṣa eva sukhītyāha—śaknotīti|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—viṣayasukhake anukūla viṣayoṃko prāpta karaneke vāsanā kāma śabdakā nigūr̤ha artha hai| sabhī prakārakī vāsanāoṃko lakṣyakara

5.24

śrīviśvanātha—yastu saṃsārātītastasya tu brahmānubhava eva sukhamityāha—ya iti| antarātmanyeva sukhaṃ yasya saḥ—yato'ntarātmanyeva ramate, ato'ntarātmanyeva jyotirdṛṣṭiryasya saḥ|
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—pūrvokta kāma aura krodhake prabala vegako ātmāmeṃ hī ramaṇa karate haiṃ tathā ātma-tattvake prati hī jinakī sarvadā dṛṣṭi rahatī hai, niṣkāma karmayogakā āśraya karanevāle aise yogī brahmabhūta hokara apane jīva-svarūpameṃ pratiṣṭhita ho jāte haiṃ| aise yogī kāmakrodhādi jar̤a-viṣayoṃse anāyāsa hī nirveda prāptakara ātmāmeṃ hī ānandakā haiṃ—kāma-krodhahīna, yatacitta, ātmatattvajña yatigaṇako brahmanirvāṇa

5.25

śrīviśvanātha—evaṃ bahava eva sādhanasiddhā bhavantītyāha—labhante iti|

5.26

śrīviśvanātha—jñāta ‘tvaṃ’—padārthānāmaprāptaparamātmajñānānāṃ kiyatā kālena brahmanirvāṇasukhaṃ syādityapekṣāyāmāha—kāmeti, yatacetasāmuparatamanasāṃ kṣīṇaliṅgaśarīrāṇāmiti yāvat, abhitaḥ sarvatobhāvenaiva varttate eveti brahmanirvāṇe tasya naivātivilambamiti bhāvaḥ|

5.28

śrīviśvanātha—tadevamīśvarātpitaniṣkāmakarmayogenāntaḥkaraṇaśuddhiḥ, tato jñānaṃ ‘tvaṃ’–padārthaviṣayakam, tataḥ ‘tat’–padārthajñānārthaṃ bhaktiḥ, tadutthajñānena guṇātītena brahmānubhava ityuktam| idānīṃ niṣkāmakarmayogena śuddhāntaḥkaraṇasyāṣṭāṅgayogaṃ brahmānubhavasādhanaṃ jñānayogādapyutkṛṣṭatvena ṣaṣṭhādhyāye vaktuṃ tatsūtrarūpaṃ ślokatrayamāha—sparśāniti| bāhyā eva śabdasparśarūparasagandhāḥ sparśaśabdavācyāḥ| manasi praviśya ye varttante tān, tasmānmanasaḥ sakāśādbahiṣkṛtya viṣayebhyo manaḥpratyāhṛtyetyarthaḥ| cakṣuśca bhruvorantare madhye kṛtvā netrayoḥ sampūrṇanimīlane nidrayā manolīyate unmīlanena bahiḥ prasarati| tadubhayadoṣaparihārārthamarddhanimīlanena bhrūmadhye dṛṣṭiṃ nidhāyocchvāsa-niśvāsarūpeṇa nāsikayorabhyantare carantau prāṇāpānāvūrddhvādhogatinirodhena samau kṛtvā, yatā vaśīkṛtya indriyādayoḥ yena saḥ||27-28||
dvārā śuddha antaḥkaraṇavāle vyaktike lie aṣṭāṅgayoga brahmānubhavake sabhī manameṃ praveśa karate haiṃ, ataḥ inheṃ manase bahiṣkṛtakara arthāt viṣayoṃse manakā pratyāhārakara donoṃ netroṃko bhṛkuṭīke madhya sthita karanā cāhie| kyoṃki, netroṃke sampūrṇa nimīlanase nidrākī sambhāvanā tathā sampūrṇa unmīlanase viṣayoṃke prati dṛṣṭipāta karanekī sambhāvanā hai, ataḥ ina donoṃko dūra karaneke lie donoṃ netroṃko ādhā kholakara nāsikāmeṃ vicaraṇaśīla ucchvāsa tathā niḥśvāsasvarūpa prāṇa-apānakī ūrdhvagati aura adhogatikā nirodhakara karate haiṃ—ve mukta hī haiṃ||27-28||
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—‘he arjuna! bhagavadarpita karmayoga dvārā hī hī batāīṃ haiṃ| abhī śuddha antaḥkaraṇavāle vyaktike brahmānubhava sādhanarūpa aṣṭāṅgayogako kahūm̐gā, usake ābhāsarūpameṃ kucha bātoṃko batā rahā hūm̐, use śravaṇa karo—śabda, sparśa, rūpa, rasa, gandha ādi bāhya viṣayoṃko manase bahiṣkṛtakara arthāt pratyāhāra sādhana karate hue, cakṣuko donoṃ bhṛkuṭīke madhya sthitakara nāsikāke agrabhāgameṃ dṛṣṭi karanā cāhie| sampūrṇa nimīlana dvārā nidrākī āśaṅkā aura sampūrṇa unmīlana dvārā bahirdṛṣṭikī āśaṅkā honeke kāraṇa arddhanimīlana dvārā donoṃ netroṃko isa prakāra niyamita karanā cāhie ki bhṛkuṭīke madhyase nāsikāke agrabhāgapara dṛṣṭipāta ho| ucchvāsa-niḥśvāsarūpase donoṃ nāsikāke andara prāṇavāyu aura apānavāyu paricālitakara ūrdhva aura adhogati nirodhapūrvaka unakī samatākā sādhana aura jitabuddhi mokṣaparāyaṇa muni icchā, bhaya aura krodha tyāgapūrvaka brahmānubhava abhyāsa karanese guṇātīta jar̤amukti prāpta kara sakate haiṃ| ataeva niṣkāma karmayogake sādhanakālameṃ aṣṭāṅgayogakā bhī ‘tadaṅga’ (usake aṅga) ke rūpameṃ

5.29

iti śrīmadbhārate śatasāhasryāṃ saṃhitāyāṃ vaiyāsikyāṃ bhīṣmaparvaṇi śrīmadbhagavadgītāsūpaniṣatsu brahmavidyāyāṃ yogaśāstre śrīkṛṣṇārjunasaṃvāde ‘saṃnyāsayogo’ nāma pañcamo'dhyāyaḥ||
iti śrīmadbhārate śatasāhasryāṃ saṃhitāyāṃ vaiyāsikyāṃ bhīṣmaparvaṇi śrīmadbhagavadgītāsūpaniṣatsu brahmavidyāyāṃ yogaśāstre śrīkṛṣṇārjunasaṃvāde ‘saṃnyāsayogo’ nāma pañcamo'dhyāyasyānvayaḥ||
śrīviśvanātha—evambhūtasya yogino'pi jñānina iva bhaktyutthenaparamātmajñānenaiva mokṣa ityāha—bhoktāramiti| yajñānāṃ karmikṛtānāṃ tapasāñca jñānikṛtānāṃ bhoktāraṃ pālayitāramiti karmiṇāṃ jñānināṃ copāsyam, sarvalokānāṃ maheśvaraṃ mahāniyantāramantaryāminaṃ yogināmupāsyam, sarvabhūtānāṃ suhṛdaṃ kṛpayā svabhaktadvārā svabhaktyupadeśena hitakāriṇamiti bhaktānāmupāsyaṃ māṃ jñātveti sattvaguṇamayajñānena nirguṇasya mamānubhavāsambhavāt “bhaktyāhamekayā grāhyaḥ” iti madukteḥ| nirguṇayā bhaktyaiva yogī svopāsya paramātmānaṃ māmaparokṣānubhavagocarīkṛtya śānti mokṣamṛcchati prāpnoti|
niṣkāmakarmaṇā jñānī yogī cātra vimucyate| jñātvātmaparamātmānāvityadhyāyartha īritaḥ|| iti sārārthavarṣiṇyāṃ harṣiṇyāṃ bhaktacetasām| gītāsu pañcamo'dhyāyaḥ saṅgataḥ saṅgataḥ satām||
sā. va. prakāśikā vṛtti—niṣkāma-karmayogī bhī bhaktise udita bhaktipūrvaka arpita dravyoṃke bhoktā bhagavāna hī haiṃ| ve hī yogiyoṃke upāsya
‘tamīśvarāṇāṃ paramaṃ maheśvaraṃ taṃ devatānāṃ paramañca daivatam| patiṃ patīnāṃ paramaṃ parastād vidāma devaṃ bhuvaneśamīḍyam||’ (śve. u. 6/7)
antameṃ mokṣa prāpta huā, to jñānayogakā sthala kahām̐ hai evaṃ jñānayogakā donoṃkā carama sthāna ‘eka’ arthāt bhakti hai| karmayogakī prathama avasthāmeṃ hai| jīva svabhāvataḥ śuddha cinmaya hai| māyāko bhoganekī vāsanāse jar̤abaddha mocanakā ekamātra upāya hai| ataḥ jar̤adeha yātrāmeṃ śuddha cit-ceṣṭā jitanī cit-ceṣṭākā abhyāsa, jar̤a़īya kāma-krodha ādikā jaya, saṃśayakṣaya ādi sādhana karate-karate brahmanirvāṇa arthāt jar̤a-nivṛttipūrvaka brahmasukha-saṃsparśa āsana, pratyāhāra, prāṇāyāma, dhyāna, dhāraṇā aura samādhirūpa aṣṭāṅgayogakā sādhana karate-karate bhaktakā saṃga prāptakara kramaśaḥ bhagavadbhakti-sukhakā hī jīvakī svamahimā prakāśa karatī hai|”—śrībhaktivinoda ṭhākura|
śrīmadbhaktivedānta nārāyaṇakṛta śrīmadbhagavadgītāke pañcama adhyāyakī sārārthavarṣiṇī-prakāśikā-vṛtti samāpta|
pañcama adhyāya samāpta|

Linked texts (1)

Bhagavadgītā — Vyāsa, Sanskrit