Nyayasutra 4.7

4.7

prakaraṇasama iti lakṣyanirdeśaḥ | lakṣyatāvacchedakaṃ ca tulyabalatvābhimatatattvam | prakriyate sādhyatvena nirdiśyate vādibhyāmiti pakṣapratipakṣau prakaraṇam | tasya cintā jijñāsā yasmād bhavati sa prakaraṇasamaḥ | tathā ca prakṛtasādhyahetvoḥ kiṃ tattvamiti jijñāsājanako hetvābhāsa ityarthaḥ | anaikāntikastu sādhyamātre saṃśayadvārā jijñāsājanaka iti na tatrātivyāptiḥ | satpratipakṣābhyāṃ ca yugapadupasthitābhyāṃ parasparapratibandhena nirṇayamajanayadbhyāṃ prakṛtasādhyahetvoḥ kiṃ tattvamiti jijñāsā | anuvidheyādiṣu pratyekamādhīyata eveti nāsambhavo'pi | na caivamevaṃrūpajijñāsājanake adṛṣṭādāvativyāptiriti vācyam, virodhibodhakānyagamakataupayikarūpasaṃpattimattamārgyamāṇena pratibandhakārthaliṅgatvattvābhimatatattvasyaitadarthatvāt | rūpaṃ pakṣasattvādi, tacca yasya yāvadgamakataupayikaṃ tasya tāvadihābhipretam | evaṃ ca tādṛśarūpavattayā jñāyamānena bādhakena kāryapratirodho bādhite'pyastīdaṃ lakṣaṇaṃ tatrātivyāptaṃ syādato virodhibodhakasyeti rūpasaṃpattiviśeṣaṇam | na ca bādho vyāvattyaṃ eva na bhavati, tatrāpi kāryapratibandhasya tulyatvena bādhapratirodhayorekatvāditi cet—na, abodhāt | sādhyābhāvapramā hi tāvadbādhaḥ | sā cāprāmāṇyajñānadvārā anumitipratibandhāya kalpate | pratirodhe tu vyāptipakṣadharmatayobhayaliṅgasamudbhāvālambanaṃ tadeva ca satpratipakṣitattvam | tadviṣaya bhūte liṅge satpratipakṣite | idameva cātra duṣṭiriti svarūpadvārabhedena nānayorbhedasyāvaśyaṃkaratvāditi | yadyapyatrānyataratra vyāptyādibhaṅgo niyata eveti sa evāvaśyakatvādū doṣo'rhati, tathāpi tasyāpyaitadgamyatvād viśiṣyāparicayāccāyameva tadupajīvyaḥ prāthamikaḥ, svato dūṣaṇasamarthaśca pṛthak hetvābhāsa iti | udāharaṇaṃ tu nityaḥ śabdaḥ śabdatvāda‌nityaḥ śabdaḥ kāryatvādityādi | atra ca pratyekaṃ samarthābhyāṃ sādhanābhyāṃ svasya sādhyānumitau yugapadbhavantyāmarthāt saṃśayarūpāyāṃ prāmāṇyagrāhakāpravṛttiranayorābhāsatābījam | lakṣaṇaṃ tu tulyabalabodhitasādhyaviparyayatvamiti varaṇimiśrāḥ | tanna, sādhyatadabhāvayorhi virodhena yathaikajñāpakajñānapratibandhakaṃ tathā sādhyābhāvavyāpyajñānamapi sādhyajñānapratibandhakameva | virodhidviṣayakajñānatvasyaiva pratibandhakatve tantratvāt |
evaṃ ca yasmāt prakaraṇacintā sa ityetāvattaiva lakṣaṇasiddhau yadi kaścidevaṃ brūyāt kimiti prekṣāvān nirddhāritotkarṣaṃ hetuṃ prāyuṅkta ityata uktam nirṇayārthamapadiṣṭa iti | yadyapi nāsau jhaṭiti nirṇayāya tathāpi nirṇayiṣyatyevetyabhimānena prayukta ityarthaḥ |
uddeśakramasaṃgatyā sādhyasamalakṣaṇāya sūtram-