Manava Dharmashastra 3.143

3.143

preṣya ājñākaraḥ | grāmeṇa yo yatrakutracit kāryeṇa preṣyate | evaṃ rājapreṣyaḥ | kunakhī śyāvadantakaḥ | pratiroddhā gurorvāgvyavahāre'nyatra ca yo guroḥ pratibandhe prātikūlye ca vartate | tyaktāgnistretāvasathyayoranyatarasyāpi | vārdhuṣiḥ satyanyasmin jīvikopāye vṛddhijīvikaḥ | “vṛddhistu yoktā dhānyānāṃ vārdhuṣittvaṃ taducyate” iti yatsmaraṇaṃ tatsvaprakriyāyāmeva | vaiyākaraṇā hi vṛddhijīvino dhānyāddhanyatrāpi vārdhuṣikaśabdaṃ smaranti | te ca śabdārthasmaraṇe pramāṇatarā, abhiyogaviśeṣāt |

The servant of a village and of the king, one with deformed nails, one with black teeth, the opposer of his superior, one who has forsaken the Fire and the usurer.—(153)

Medhātithi’s commentary (manubhāṣya):
‘Servant’—one who carries out orders: one who is sent by the village-people hither and thither, on business.

Similarly, ‘the servant of the king,’ ‘one who hew deformed nail,’ ‘one who has black teeth.’

‘Opposer of his teacher’— he who, in conversation and other things, remains against and in opposition to his superior.

‘One who has forsaken the Fire’—i.e., out of the Three Fires and the Domestic Fire, one who has given up even one,

‘Usurer’—one who, even though he has other menus of living available, lives upon interest. Though ‘Usury’ has been defined as ‘the accumulating of grains by interest,’ yet this definition can be accepted as authoritative only within the limited scope of the subject dealt with by the Smṛti in which it occurs; in fact, grammarians apply the term ‘usurer’ to persons making a living by interest, in connection with things other than grains also: and, in the matter of words and their meanings, grammarians are more authoritative than others; because they make these the subject of careful study.—(153)