Kaṭha Upaniṣad 2.20

Kaṭhaprakāśikā (Raṅgarāmānuja) 2.20

Language: Sanskrit

2.20

viṃśatimantraḥ
[ paramātmasvarūpajñānavataḥ phalam ]
aṇoraṇīyān mahato mahīyān ātmā'sya jantornihito guhāyām |
tamakratuḥ paśyati vītaśoko dhātuprasādānmahimānamātmanaḥ ||

pra.dī. - pūrvaṃ dvābhyāṃ mantrābhyāṃ pratyagātmasvarūpaṃ viśodhya, adya anena mantreṇa etatpratyagātmano'pi ātmabhūtaparamātmasvarūpajñānavataḥ phalamāha - aṇoraṇīyān iti | aṇoḥ - sūkṣmāccetanādapi, aṇīyān - atyantasūkṣmaḥ, mahataḥ - ākāśāderapi, mahīyān - atyantādhikaḥ, ātmā - atati1 jīvena sākaṃ gacchatīti, ātmā - paramātmā, asya - pūrvoktamantradvayapratipāditasya, jantoḥ jīvasya, guhāyām - hṛdayaguhāyām, nihitaḥ - niyamanārthaṃ sthitaḥ, akratuḥ2 - devatāntara - sādhanāntararahitaḥ, yadvā kāmyakarmarahitaḥ, yaḥ mumukṣuriti śeṣaḥ | tam - pūrvoktaṃ paramātmānaṃ ātmanaḥ paramātmanaḥ, mahimānam - aghaṭitaghaṭanāsāmarthyaṃ ca, dhātuḥ - akhilajagatkāraṇasya, prasādāt - bhagavataḥ anugrahāt, paśyati - sākṣātkaroti, saḥ bhagavatprasādāt bhagavadanugrahāt, vītaśoko bhavati saṃsārarūpaduḥkharahito bhavatītyarthaḥ | tamakratuḥ paśyati vītaśoko dhātuḥprasādānmahimānamīśam iti pāṭhāntaram | yaḥ, dhātuḥ prasādāt -

2.20.p2

bhagavadanugrahāt, tam - pūrvoktam, akratuṃ - jagatsargādiviṣaye sādhanāntararahitam, īśam - sarvaniyantāraṃ paramātmānam, mahimānam ca tadbhagavanmahimānaṃ ca paśyati saḥ vītaśoko bhavati ityanvayaḥ |

2.20.p3

pra. - evaṃ mantradvayena pratyagātmasvarūpaṃ viśodhya, tadātbhūtaparamātmasvarūpamāha - aṇoraṇīyān ityādinā | aṇoḥ - sarvācetanāpekṣayā sūkṣmāccetanāt, aṇutaraḥ tato'pi sūkṣmaḥ tadantaḥ praveśayogyaḥ ityarthaḥ | mahataḥ - ākāśāderapi mahattaraḥ | svāvyāptavastu rahita ityarthaḥ | asya jantoḥ - na jāyate mriyate vā (ka.u.2-18) iti mantradvayanirdiṣṭasya1, ātmā - antaḥpraviśya niyantā ityarthaḥ | ataśca pūrvamantradvayanirdiṣṭāt pratyagātmasvarūpāt, aṇoraṇīyān iti mantrasandarbhapratipādyo'nya eveti siddham | na ca - asya jantoḥ ityasya, hṛdayaguhāvācinā sambandhasāpekṣeṇa, guhāyām ityanenaiva anvitatvena na ātmā ityanena anvayaḥ - iti śaṃkyam; ātmaśabdānvitasyaiva kākākṣinyāyena 1 ubhayatrānvaye doṣābhāvāt | mūlataḥ śākhāṃ parivāsyopaveṣaṃ karoti ityatra, śākhāṃ mūlataḥ parivāsya, mūlataḥ upaveṣaṃ karoti iti parivāsanānvitasyāpi mūlataḥ ityasya upaveṣaṃ karoti ityanenā'pi anvayasya īṅgīkṛtatvāt; jīvahṛdayaguhāvartitvapratipādane'pi jīvabhedasiddheśca | na hi jīvasyaiva jīvaguhāvartitvapratipādane prayojanamasti |

2.20.p4

nanu na jāyate ityupanyastasya ātmanaḥ jāyamānavācijantuśabdena parāmarśasya anupapannatayā, asya jantoḥ ityasya pratyakṣādisannidhāpitadehaparatāyā eva vaktavyatvena, tadguhāhita ātmā prāgupanyasto jīva evāstu | na ca kartṛtvabhoktṛtvādiviśiṣṭatayā sadā ahamiti bhāsamāne jīve, kastaṃ madāmadaṃ devaṃ madanyo jñātumarhati (ka.u.2-21), ka itthā veda yatra saḥ (ka.u.2-25) iti uttarasandarbhapratipādya1durvijñānatvam, kathamanvetīti vācyam; jīvasya kartṛtvādiviśiṣṭatayā sarvalokaviditattve'pi, muktaprāpyabrahmasvarūpa2viśiṣṭatayā durvijñānatvasambhavāditi cet - na; prāṇī tu cetano janmī jantujanyaśarīriṇaḥ (a.ko.1-4-30) iti jantuśabdasya cetanaparyāyatayā prakṛtajīvavācitvasambhavāt |

2.20.p5

asyeti śabdasya ca pūrvasandarbhopasthāpitapratyagātmaviṣayatvasambhave; pratyakṣādyupasthāpitadehaviṣayatvāśrayaṇasya ayuktatvāt | atyantāṇutvamahattvayoḥ, eṣa me ātmā'ntarhṛdaye aṇīyān vrīhervā yavādvā sarṣapādvā śyāmākādvā śyāmākataṇḍulādvā, eṣa me ātmā'ntarhṛdaye jyāyān pṛthivyā jyāyānantarikṣāt jyāyān divo jāyānebhyo lokebhyaḥ (chāṃ.u.3-14-3) ityādiṣu paramātmadharmatayā3, aṇoraṇīyān iti mantrapratipādyasya jīvatvaśaṃkāyāḥ asambhavāt |

2.20.p6

nanu - netaro'nupapatteḥ (bra.sū.1-1-17) iti sūtre saha brahmaṇā vipaścitā (tai.āna.1-1) iti vākyaśrutavipaścittvasya brahmāsādhāraṇaliṅgatvasya bhāṣye pratipāditatvāt4, na jāyate mriyate vā vipaścit (ka.u.2-18) iti mantrasyāpi pararītyā paramātmaparatvamevāstu | evaṃ sati anyatra dharmāt (ka.u.2-14) iti praśnasya prāpyadvayaparatvaṃ prativacanasya prāpyadvayaparatvamāśritya, na jāyate ityādimantradvayasya prāpyajīvasvarūpaparatvam, aṇoraṇīyān iti sandarbhasya ca paramātmaparatvam ityādiparikalpanakleśo nā''śrayaṇīya iti cet - na; hananādipratiṣedhādyanupapattyā vipaścicchabde mukhyārthatyāgasya avaśyakatvena tanmantradvayasya aṇoraṇīyān ityādimantrasandarbhasya ca ekaviṣayatvāsambhavāt | śiṣṭam uttaratra spaṣṭayiṣyate |

2.20.p7

tamakratuḥ paśyati iti | tam - tādṛśaṃ paramātmānam, akratuḥ - kāmyakarmādirahitassan, dhātoḥ - dhārakasya paramātmanaḥ, prasādāt ātmanaḥ mahimānam - mahattvasaṃpādakaṃ svasārvajñyādiguṇāvirbhāvahetubhūtaṃ paramātmānaṃ yadā paśyati, tadā vītaśoko bhavati ityarthaḥ | dyubhvādyadhikaraṇe juṣṭaṃ yadā paśyatyanyamīśam (muṃ.u.3-1-2) iti mantrakhaṇḍaṃ prastutya, ayaṃ yadā svasmādanyaṃ sarvasyeśaṃ priyamāṇam1, asyeśvarasya mahimānaṃ ca nikhilajaganniyamanarūpaṃ2 paśyati, tadā vītaśoko bhavati iti bhagavatā bhāṣyakṛtā vyākhyātatvāt, tadanusāreṇā'pi3 paramātmanaḥ nikhilajaganniyamanarūpaṃ mahimānaṃ ca yaḥ paśyati, saḥ vītaśoko bhavatītyarthaḥ | dhātuprasādāt vītaśoko bhavati iti vā anvayaḥ | prasīdatyacyutastasmin prasanne kleśasaṃkṣayaḥ ( ) iti smṛteḥ iti draṣṭavyam; akratuṃ paśyati dhātuḥ prasādānmahimānam īśam iti pāṭhe akratum - karmakṛtotkarṣāpakarṣaśūnyamityarthaḥ | dhātuḥ - bhagavataḥ |

2.20.p8

ā.bhā. - evaṃ jīvasvarūpam upavarṇya tasyāpi ātmabhūtaṃ paramātmasvarūpam upadiśati - aṇoḥ ityādi | aṇoḥ - sūkṣmarūpavrīhisarṣapādibhyo'pi sūkṣmāt cetanādapi, aṇīyān - atiśayena sūkṣmaḥ;

2.20.p9

aṇuparimāṇāt jīvānapi vyāptumarhaḥ | mahataḥ - mahatparimāṇavataḥ, pṛthivyākāśāderapi, mahīyān - atiśayena mahān, pṛthivyākāśādikamapi vyāptumarhaḥ ityarthaḥ | tādṛśaṃ kimapi sūkṣmaṃ mahadvā vastu nāsti yadayaṃ paramātmā vyāpnoti, aṇīyān vrīhervā yavādvā sarṣapādvā śyāmākādvā 1 śyāmākataṇḍulādvā eṣa me ātmā'ntarhṛdaye jyāyān pṛthivyā jyāyānantarikṣājjāyān divo jyāyānebhyo lokebhyaḥ (chāṃ.u.3-14-3) ityādiśrutibhiḥ tathaiva, paramātmasvarūpasya avagamāditi bhāvaḥ | evambhūtātmā sarvātmabhūtaparamātmatattvam, asya jantoḥ - prāṇijātasya dṛśyamānasya, guhāyām - hṛdaye, nihitaḥ - antaryāmitayā praviśya sthito'sti, aṅguṣṭhamātraḥ puruṣo'ntarātmā sadā janānāṃ hadaye sanniviṣṭaḥ (ka.u.6-17) iti śrutyāpi prāṇijātahṛdayasanniviṣṭatvasya paramātmani bodhanāt | tam - paramātmānam, ātmanaḥ - jīvasya mahimānaṃ mahattvaprāpakaṃ sarvasatvādiguṇagaṇāvirbhāvakam ityetat | akratuḥ - kratuprabhṛtikarmaphalānabhilāṣaḥ viṣayoparatamanīṣo yaḥ paśyati - sākṣātkaroti, saḥ dhātuḥ2 - vidharaṇahetoḥ, eṣa setuḥ vidharaṇaḥ eṣāṃ lokānāmasaṃbhedāya (bṛ.u.4-4-22) iti śrutyanusārāt sarvavidhārakasya paramātmanaḥ, prasādāt - prītirūpāt tadanugrahāt | vītaśoko bhavati - vītaḥ - vinaṣṭaḥ, śokaḥ - saṃsārānalatāpo yasya tathā bhavati - mukto bhavatītyarthaḥ |

2.20.p10

su. - pratyagātmānaṃ nirūpya tasya ātmatayā avasthitaṃ paramātmānam āha - aṇoḥ iti | asti kaścit āścaryasvarūpaḥ, yo'yam aṇoraṇīyān mahato mahīyān | aṇīyān vrīhervā yavādvā sarṣapādvā śyāmākataṇḍulādvā jyāyānpṛthivyā jyāyānantarikṣāt jyāyāndivo jyāyānebhyo lokebhyaḥ (chāṃ.u.3-14-3) sarvatra kārtsnyena vyāpanaśīlatvāt | yato ayamātmā aṇoraṇīyān ata evāyam asyātmā na jāyate (ka.u.2-18) ityādinā pūrvamantranirdiṣṭasya pratyagātmanopi ātmā | sa cāyaṃ nātidūre, nihito guhāyām - sannihita eva guhāviśeṣe| guhā ca na meroḥ himavato vā, kintu jantoḥ prāṇino hṛdayaguheti yāvat | aṅguṣṭhamātraḥ puruṣo'ntarātmā sadā janānāṃ hṛdaye sanniviṣṭaḥ (śve.u.3-13) svasvahṛdayasannihitasya upāsane na atīva kleśa iti vyajyate | evambhūtasya ātmanaḥ - pratyagātmanaḥ api

Linked texts (1)

Kaṭhopaniṣad — Sanskrit