Yāska's Nirukta 180
Ṛjvarthā (Niruktavṛtti) 180
- Language
- Sanskrit
180.1
"athāto'nukramiṣyāmaḥ" | sāmānyataḥ paribhāṣito'gnyādirdevapatnyanto devatāpadasamāmnāyaḥ, viśeṣata idānīṃ pratipadmanu vyākhyāsyate, tadarthamadhikāraivacanam,-atheti | ataḥ-iti ānantarye | sāmānyāt pāribhāṣikād vyākhyānādanantarāt anu ānupūrvyeṇa yathāsamāmnātaṃ kramiṣyāmaḥ kathayiṣyāmo varṇayiṣyāmo vyākhyāyeti vākyaśeṣaḥ || sā ca punarbyākhyā abhidhānā-'bhidheyā-'bhidhānavyutpatti-prādhānyastutyudāharaṇa-tannirvacana-vicāro-papatya-vadhāraṇakramalakṣaṇā | tadyathā,-( 1 ) "agniḥ" - ityabhidhānam | ( 2 ) "ayaṃ pārthivaḥ" ityābhidheyam | ( 3 ) "agraṇīrbhavati"ityabhidhānavyutpattiḥ | ( 4 ) "agnimīḷe"-iti prādhānyastutyudāharaṇam | ( 5 ) agnimīḷe="agni yācāmi" iti tannirvacanam | ( 6 ) "sa na manyetāyameva agniḥ"iti ca vicāraḥ | ( 7 ) "yastu sūktaṃ bhajate yasmai havirnirupyate"-ityupapattiḥ | ( 8 ) "ayameva so'gniḥ"-ityavadhāraṇam | evamprakārayā vyākhyayā pratipadamanukramiṣyāmaḥ || tatraitad bhavati ko'yamāgniḥ ? iti | 'ātmā'-ityātmavidaḥ, "eka̱ṃ sadviprā̍ bahu̱dhā va̍dantya̱gniṃ ya̱maṃmā̍ta̱riśva̍ānamāhuḥ ( ṛ0 sa0 2, 3, 22, 6 )"-iti mantradarśanāt | avivakṣitasthānaviśeṣo 'nārtatadabhidhāno devatāviśeṣo lokavedaprasiddhaḥ karmāṅgamiti yājñikāḥ | vivakṣitaviśiṣṭasthānakarmā madhyamottamābhyāṃ jyotibhyāṃ manyaḥ pārthivo'yamagniriti nairuktasamayaḥ | tritvābhyupagamāttatsambipādayiṣayedamārabhyate |
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180.2
"agniḥ pṛthivīsthānaḥ taṃ prathamaṃ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ"-iti| pṛthivyevāsya viśeṣataḥ sthānam, na antarikṣam, na dyauḥ iti pṛthivīsthānaḥ, tatra karmādhikārāt tasya | tiṣṭhatyasmin iti sthānam | yasmāt pṛthivī asya sthānam, tasmāt sannikarṣāllokānukramācca na hyasati kāraṇe prathamātikramo nyāyya iti tameva prathama vyākhyāsyāmaḥ |
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180.3
"agniḥ kasmāt" | devatābhidhāne devatām ātmanaḥ parokṣīkṛtya parokṣīkṛtaṃ tattvamarpitam, parokṣapriyā iva hi devāḥ pratyakṣadviṣa iti hi vijñāyate | tannirvacanādāgamaprāmāṇikaṃ devatātādbhāvyamanubhavatīti avetya tannirvivakṣayā "agniḥ kasmāt"? ityupoddhṛtya "agraṇīḥ bhavati" - ityevamādinā agniśabdaṃ nriāha | sarvatraivaṃ devatāāyade upodghātopanyāsau draṣṭavyau || ātmavitpakṣe tu sarvamabhidhānamātmārthameveti sarvāvasthamātmānaṃ sarvābhidhānavyutpattito nirucya yāthārthyataḥ parijñāya sarvātmana ātmanaḥ sarvavisthaṃ vibhūtittādbhāvyamanubhavatīti sarvapadavyutpattiprayojanam | smaryate hi, - "śabdabrahmaṇi niṣṇātaḥ parabrahmādhigacchati" - iti |
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180.4
"agraṇīḥ bhavati" - iti | agniśabdaṃ vigṛhya vākyīkṛtya kṛtavākyapadavarṇaniṣkarṣaṇasamudāyopajanitasya agniśabdasya agraśabdāt gakāramupalabhya agraśabdaṃ karmābhidhāyinaṃ pūrvapadatvena vyavasthāpya nayatiṃ ca paramuttarapadasthaṃ karttavyārthātmane vyavasthāpya agniśabdaṃ nirāha || atha ko'rthaḥ 1 iti | sarveṣvartheṣvasāvātmānamagraṃ nayati, sarvatra tathopakaroti yathā agraṃ sampadyata ityarthaḥ | agraśabdaḥ pradhānavācī, sa eva vo agraṃ nayati | senāṃ vā agre nayati saināpatye'vasthita ityeke, vijñāyate hi,-"agnirvai devānāṃ senānīḥ" iti || athavā "agraṃ yajñeṣu praṇīyate" prathamaṃ yajñeṣu praṇīyate, na tāvat kiñcidapyanyat kriyate yāvadayaṃ na praṇīyata iti, tato'smin vratamupetyānyāni karmāṇi kriyanta iti || athavā- "aṅgaṃ nayati sannamamānaḥ" yannāyaṃ sannamayati sādhanatvena vaidike vā laukike vārthe, tatra sannamamāna evātmānaṃ pradhānīkṛtya sarvamanyadātmano'ṅgatāṃ nayati guṇīkarotītyarthaḥ || athavā - "aṅgaṃ nayati sannamamānaḥ" tṛṇe vā kāṣṭhe vā yanna sannamati āśrayati, tat ātmano'ṅgatāṃ nayati, ātmasāt karotītyarthaḥ |
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180.5
“aknopano bhavati iti sthaulāṣṭhīviḥ” | sthūlāṣṭhīvataḥ putraḥ sthaulāṣṭhīviḥ , ācāryyaḥ sa evaṃ manyate-ayamakapano yasmād bhavatīti tasmādagniriti | kimidamaknopana iti ? aṃta āha-“na knopayati” | evamapi na gṛhyate knopayateraprasiddhārthatvāt | ataḥ punarvravīti prasiddhenārthena-“na snehayatīti” || virūkṣīkarotītyarthaḥ | sa hi tasya svabhāvaḥ |
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180.6
“tribhya ākhyātebhyo jāyate iti śākapūṇiḥ” | trayāṇāmākhyātānāmabhidheyāḥ kriyā atra lakṣyante, tā upādāya hetutvenāgniśabda ātmānaṃ labhate | tadyathā,“itāt” ‘iṇa gatau ( adā0 pa0 )’-ityasmādityarthaḥ | “aktān, dagdhād vā” anaktervā dahatervā vikalpa etayoḥ | tataḥ “nītāt” iti, ‘ṇīñ prāpaṇe ( bhvā0 pa0 )’-ityetasmāt | dhātavaḥ kevalaṃ nirdiṣṭāḥ || kiṃ kuta ādatte ? ityata āha,“sa khalu” śākapūṇiḥ “eteḥ” dhātoḥ “akāram ādatte” || nanveterdhātorekāra eva nāsti, ataḥ kimādatte ? | satyam-nāsti, varṇasāmānyena tadvikāramādāya iṇo'rthadarśanāt agnau, śabdārthasambandhanityatvāt, arthe ca guṇabhūtatvācchabdasya, tataḥ taṃ vyāpādayatyakāratvena || athavā-rūpānekatvādiraṇo yathāvasthitasyākāro bhavati, tathā rūpamavasthāpya tato'kāramādatte | darśitaṃ caitat-“eteḥ kāritaṃ ca yakārādiṃ cāntakaraṇam”-ityatra, bhavati cāsya ṇyante rūpam ‘āyayati’-iti, atra akāraḥ, tataḥ ādatte || “gakāram, anakteḥ vā dahateḥ vā” kṛtakutva-[ jaśtva-kṛtaghatva ] jaśtvayorvikalpena || “nīḥ paraḥ” eṣa hrasvaḥ | eti ca vyanakti ca rūpāṇi, athavā-eti ca dahati ca, nayati ca havīṃṣi devebhyaḥ iti agniḥ sārdhīyastaraḥ | etā etaddhātuvācyāḥ kriyāḥ eṣa karoti iti “agniḥ” |
14 |
tasyaitallakṣitalakyapradhānastutisambandhamabhidhānamupalakṣya devatāpadāsamāmnāye samāmnātamagniriti, tasya “agnimīḷe”-ityetatpramukhā agnikarmaliṅgaliṅgitāḥ sarvā āgneyya
ṛcaḥ udāharaṇam | na punarasati kāraṇe mukhyātikramo nyāyya iti ṛgvedaprathamāmimāsṛcamudājahāra “tasya eṣā bhavati”-iti,-
Linked texts (1)
- Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit