Yāska's Nirukta 25
Ṛjvarthā (Niruktavṛtti) 25
- Language
- Sanskrit
Contents
- 25.1 — 4 parts
25.1.1
idaṃ śreṣṭhamiti | āṅgirasasya kutsasyeyamārṣam, uttarā ca | ubhe api triṣṭubhāvete prātaranuvākāśvinayoḥ śasyete | “idam” upolakṣaṇaṃ “jyotiḥ” “śreṣṭham” ādityādīnāṃ “jyotiṣām” iti nirdhāraṇe ṣaṣṭhī | ādityo hi tāpakaḥ prakāśakaḥ, candramā apyatiśītaḥ prakāśakaśca, idaṃ punarnāryuṣṇaṃ nātiśītaṃ prakāśakaṃ ca | ityevamādityādīnāmidameva śreṣṭham | “agāt” “āgamat” āgacchatītyarthaḥ | “citraṃ” cāyanīyaṃ pūjanīyaṃ vā śreṣṭhatvādeva, “praketaḥ” “praketanaṃ” “prajñātatamam” “ajaniṣṭa” jātamityarthaḥ | jātaṃ sadāgacchati sarvāsu dikṣu | “vibhvā” “vibhūtatamam” idamatimahattvād vibhūtatamaṃ vistīrṇatamam, itarāṇi paricchinnatarāṇi jyotīṃṣi apekṣya | kiṃca, “yathā prasūtā” prakarṣeṇa sūtā prasavamanuprāptā | sūtiśabdaḥ prasavārthaḥ | “rātriḥ” “savituḥ” “ādityasya” “savāya” “pravasavāya” ādityotsṛṣṭe deśe jāyate | “evam” eva “rātrī” rātriḥ uṣaso janmārthaṃ “yoniṃ” “sthānam” avakāśam “uṣase” ātmalābhāya “āraik” “aricat” ārecayati, dadātītyarthaḥ | yathauṣā ādityasya janmano hetu stadanantarajanmatvāt, evaṃ rātriruṣaso janmano hetuḥ, ityevamasyāmṛci rātrerevāparaḥ kāla uṣaḥsañjñita iti gamyate | “sthānaṃ” yoniśabdenocyate | yadi yasmin vidhīyate, tat tena sākaṃ yutaṃ bhavati miśrībhūtamityarthaḥ || iyamapītarā-“strīyoniḥ” etasmādeva | kiṃ kāraṇam ? “abhiyutaḥ” hi “garbhaḥ” “enām” bhavati, āmiśrībhūta ityarthaḥ || pūrvatra ( 2 a0 8 khaṃ0 )-“ayamapītaro yoniḥ, etasmādeva | [ kim ? ] pariyuto bhavati” iti pariyavanakriyāsāmānyena nirukto yoniśabdaḥ, iha ( 2 |
25.1.2
19 ) punaḥ “abhiyuta enāṃ garbhaḥ” iti miśrībhāvasāmānyena ubhayaliṅgatvaṃ cāsyopadarśitam,--iha strīliṅgam,tatra puṃliṅgam iti | 19 | “tasyāḥ” uṣasaḥ “eṣā” “aparā” ṛg “bhavati” asyaivārthasya dṛḍhatāyai rātrerparaḥ kāla uṣā ucyata iti- ‘ruśadvatsā’ sūryyavatsā | ruśaditi varṇanāma rocaterjva latikarmaṇaḥ | sūryyamasyā vatsanprāha sāhacaryyādrasahagṇādvā | ruśadvatseti | "ruśadvatsā" rociṣṇuvatsā, sūryyo hi rociṣṇuḥ | ta "sūryyam asyā vatsamāi" mantradṛka | “sāhacaryyāt” | mātṛsahacaro hi vatso bhavati, ayamapi hyanayoṣasā saha caratītyetasmāt sāmānyāda vatsa ityucyate || "rasaharaṇādvā" | yathā hi māturūdhasaḥ kṣīrākhyasya rasasyāharttā bhavati vatsaḥ, evameṣo'pyaupasikānāmavaśyāyākhyānāṃ rasānāmāharttā bhavati raśmibhiḥ, -ityetasmāt sāmānyāda vatsatvam || "ruśatī" rocanaśīlā ātmanāpi || “śvetyā" "śvetateḥ” dhātoḥ ( bhū0 ā0 ) | śveto varṇa etyasyām, śvetavarṇetyarthaḥ | yā caivaṃlakṣaṇā uṣāḥ, sā "āgāt” āgacchati | āgatāyāśca tasyāḥ “āraik""ārecat"ārecayati|"kṛṣṇā" "kṛṣṇavarṇā rātriḥ” ki mārecayati ? "sadanāni" sthānāni | “asyāḥ” uṣasaḥ | yeṣviyamūpāḥ sthāneṣu āgatā satī āsīdati, tānyārecayati rātriḥ|eva tāvadayamarddharco rātryuṣasorvibhaktastutiḥ | "atha” anenottarārddharcena “ene” rātruṣasau “saṃstauti” |-“samānabandhū” ete rātryuṣasau, "samānabandhane" samānamanayorbandhanam | ādityasyeyaṃ hyastamayaṃ prati rātrirbaddhā saṃśliṣṭā, udaya pratyuṣāḥ, eva samānabandhū || “amṛte” “amaraṇadharmāṇau” na hi rātryuṣasau mriyete |
25.1.3
“anūcī anūcyau, itītaretaramabhipretya” itaretaraṃ saṃśliṣṭe hyete | "dyāvā varṇaṃ carataḥ” | “te eva” rātryuṣasau | "dyāvau dyotanāt” uṣā hi svena prakāśena dyotate, rātrirapi svena tamovīryeṇa nakṣatragaṇena vā svamadhikāraṃ prati dyotate | evaṃ hi dyāveti dvivacanam || “api vā” tṛtīyāntamekavacanāntat syāt,—dyauḥ,tayā “dyāvā” “saha yukte ( pā0 2, 3, 19 )” | ‘tayā” saha sparddhamāne “carataḥ” gacchataḥ || kathaṃ punaścarataḥ ? “amināne”| āṅ adhyarthe “todasyeva śaraṇa ā mahasya | tudsyeva śaraṇe'dhi mahataḥ”—iti ( naiga0 kā0 5 a0 7 khaṃ0 )|| uṣā api rātreradhi ātmānaṃ nirmimīte, rātrirapyuṣasaḥ, itaretarasaṃśliṣṭe hīme rātryuṣasau | tasmādevamucyate,—“anyo'nyasyādhyātmaṃ kurvāṇe” iti | 20 | ( athāharnāmanirvacanam )
25.1.4
ahaḥśabdo hi rātrimahaścobhayamabhidhatte, ataḥ sandehapadam, tasyaiṣa vibhāgo'syāmṛci upapadaviśeṣāt pradarśyate,ahaśca kṛṣṇamiti | bharadvājasyeyamārṣam | triṣṭup | pṛṣṭhasya ṣaṣṭhe'hanyābhimarute śastre śasyate | "ahaśca kṛṣṇaṃ rātriḥ śuklaṃ cāharjunam” | arjunaśabdo hi śuklaparyāyaḥ | “vivarttate” viparyyayeṇa varttate | rātriratītā, aha̍r āyātam, aharatītaṃ, rātrirāyātā, ityevam | "rajasī” rañjake | jyotiṣā hi bhūtānyaho rañjayati, tamasā rātriḥ | "vedyābhiḥ” “veditavyābhiḥ pravṛttibhiḥ” na hi tāsāṃ pravṛttīnāmanto'sti, ahani ca rātrau ca prāṇinām | atastā veditavyā eva bhavanti, bahutvāt, na hi viditānāmantaḥ kadācit | kiñca, “vaiśvānaraḥ” agniḥ “avātirat” “avāhan” apahanti, svena "jyotiṣā tamāṃsi” || kathaṃ punarapahanti?, “jāyamāno na rājā” “jāyamāna iva” "udyan” “sarveṣāṃ” sarvabhūtānāṃ “rājā” “ādityaḥ” | yathā hyudyannādityastamāṃsi apahanti divā, evam “agniḥ” api rātrāvapahantītyagnirādityena tama upaghātaṃ pratyupamīyate | 21 | ( atha meghanāmanirvacanam )
25.2
uṣaḥśabda tattvāvadhāraṇārthaṃ prasaktāvetau mantrau upavarṇitau, prakṛtamidānīmucyate,— “aharnāmānyuttarāṇi dvādaśa” | ahno nāmāni, aharnāmāni, uttarāṇi prakṛtebhya uṣonāmabhyaḥ, uṣasa evānantaramaharbhavati, tasmāduṣonāmabhya uttarāṇi aharnāmāni|kiyanti punastāni ?“dvādaśa” dve ca daśa ca dvādaśa 12 || kāni punastāni ? “vastoḥ, dyuḥ bhānuḥ”—ityevamādīni|vaste jyotiretaditi vastorityucyate | yathaiva hi śrutaṃ mantre tathaiveha samāmnātam | dyuḥ, dyotate hyetat jyotiṣā | bhānuḥ, bhāsate hyetat jyotiṣetyevamādi yojyam |
20 |
"meghanāmānyuttarāṇi triṃśat" | meghānāṃ nāmāni meghanāmāni tāni uttarāṇi, prakṛtebhyo'harnāmabhyaḥ | meghā hyahani rātrau cāviśeṣeṇa bhavantyato rātryaharnāmabhya uttarāṇi meghanāmāni || kiyanti punastāni ? triṃśat 30 | katamāni punastāni ? “adriḥ, grāvā, gotraḥ”—ityevamādīni | adriḥ, ādarayitavyo bhavati hyasāva udakārthamityadriḥ | grāvā, gṛṇātervā gṛhṇātervā, gṛṇātyasau śabdaṃ karoti, gṛhītaṃ codakamaneneti gotraḥ, gaurvāṃgatra | ityevamādyabhyūhitavyam, parvatanāmatve'pi yathāsambhavaṃ yojyam |
21 |
25.3
āha—“ahaḥ kasmāt”?ucyate—“upāhu yantismin karmāṇi” na hi tathā rātrāvanutiṣṭhanti karmāṇi karmakarāḥ, yathāhani |
20 |
“tasya” ahaḥ “eṣa nipāto bhavati” | naighaṇṭukavṛttyā “vaiśvānarīyāyām” vaiśvānaradevatāyām “ṛci”—
āha–"meghaḥ kasmāt” ?, ucyate--"mehatīti" siddhyatyasau | evaṃ karttari kārake “sataḥ” asyaitadabhidhānaṃ bhavati |
21 |
25.4
teṣāṃ meghanāmnām " ā upara upala ityetābhyāṃ " prāk upara upala ityetābhyāṃ yāni nāmāni, tāni “sādhāraṇāni parvatanāmabhiḥ" tadeṣāṃ prakaraṇopapadābhyāṃ viśeṣo'vadhāryyaḥ || ā upara ityetasmāt-itivaktavye ā upara upala ityetābhyām ityuktamubhāvapi hyetau samānanirvacanau śabdāvekasmin nirukte niruktau bhaviṣyataḥ, iti, raloścāviśeṣakhyāpanārtham |
21 |
25.5
"upara upalo megho bhavati” upara iti ca upala iti ca megha ukto bhavati | uparaśabdādārabhya meghanāmānyeva, na parvatanāmāni || āha–uparaḥ kasmāt ?, ucyate--"upa” gamya "ramante" "asmin abhrāṇi" ||
Linked texts (1)
- Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit