Yāska's Nirukta 258
Ṛjvarthā (Niruktavṛtti) 258
- Language
- Sanskrit
Contents
- 258.1 — 6 parts
258.1.1
"śyenaḥ (1)" "vyākhyātaḥ"-"śyenaḥ śaṃsanīyaṃ gacchati"-iti | iha tvabhidheyo madhyamaḥ | 11 | "tasya eṣā bhavati"-|| "ādāya śyenaḥ0 (ṛ0 saṃ0 3, 6, 15, 7)"-iti | vāmadevasyārṣam || śyenājirādiṣu marutvatīye śasyate | ṛtvigbhirvidhānataḥ pratta "śyenaḥ" indraḥ "somam" "ādāya" "abharan" avibhrat | kva ? "sahasraṃ savān" sahasraṃ sutyānāṃ yatra kurvanti, "ayutaṃ .ca" dakṣiṇāḥ prāpnuvanti, na tu dīyante, satratvāt, pṛṣṭhyaśamanābhiprāyaṃ vā dakṣiṇādānaṃ syāt, sahasrasāvye satre teṣāṃ tatsambandhāt | "atrā purandhiḥ" atra asmin sahasrasāvye satre saḥ śyenaḥ "purandhiḥ” bahuno dhanasya dātā | "made" "somasya" tṛptau, somasya prāptāyām "ajahāt arātīḥ" asu-
258.1.2
rānamitrān pṛthaktvapakṣe abhyajayat, prāgaimūḍhān apratipattikān kṛtvā viṣādamupanīya amūḍho niḥsādhvasaḥ | tritvapakṣe tu “adānān” - “iti vā” | rātirdānārthaḥ, tatpratiṣedhenārātiḥ, prāk somapānamadaprāpteḥ | adānānīti na dāsyāmītyevaṃdhiyaḥ “mūrāḥ” mūḍhamatayaḥ, kārpaṇyasaṃyuktāḥ ye āsan, tān prati “somasya made” prāpte “amūraḥ” amūḍhaḥ akṛpaṇo bhūtvā “ajahāt” atyajat, dātā sampade || sahasrasāvyamabhipretya tatsambandhenāyutaṃ dakṣiṇā iti vā | “iti vā”-śabdena kiṃ vikalpyate,-sahasrasāvyaṃ vā satram ? yat paṭhanti yājñikāḥ | tadyathā-atirātrayormadhye sahasramahāni śatakṛtvo daśarātrasyāvṛttirameḥ sahasrasāvyamiti | tadahnāṃ sahasraṃ daśabhiścamasairguṇitaṃ camasaparisaṅkhyayopalakṣyamāṇamayutaṃ somabhakṣāṇāṃ sampadyate | somabhakṣaniṣkrayaṇaśrutiśca dakṣiṇānāmasti,-“yāṃ sadsyebhyo dadāti somapīthaṃ tayā niṣkīṇīte” iti,na cāsati praleṣe rūḍhibādho nyāyya iti | asatyapi ṛtvigdakṣiṇādānasambandhe sahasrasāvyameva satrāṇāṃ prāsaṅgikābhiprāyaṃ vā ayutam | athavā-sahasramiti bahunāma | “sahasraṃ savān” abhiṣavā bahavaḥ, pratisavanamabhiṣavamabhipretya yasmin kasmiṃściddakṣiṇāvati some ayutaṃ ca dakṣiṇāḥ, bahvaya ityarthaḥ, asti hi prāptiḥ viśeṣaśabdāḥ sāmānyeṣu bhavantīti | tadyathā-himenodakeneti | adakṣiṇatvāt satrāṇāmevaṃ vetyabhipretya vāśabdaṃ cakāra | 11 |
258.1.3
"svādiṣṭhayā madiṣṭhayā0 ( ṛ0 saṃ0 6, 7, 16, 1 | sā0 saṃ0 cha0 ā0 5, 2, 4, 2) "-iti | madhucchandasa ārṣam | grāvastotre viniyogaḥ || he "soma !" "svādiṣṭhayā" svādṛtamayā, "madiṣṭhayā" mādayitṛtamayā ca tvaṃ "dhārayā" "pavasva" prakṣara | kimartham ? "indrāya" indrārtham, "pātave" pānāya "sutaḥ" abhiṣutataḥ | indrārthaṃ pavasvetyasvārthatā lakṣyate | 16 | "atha eṣā aparā bhavati, candramaso vā etasya vā"-iti | atha-śabdena viśeṣādhikāravāṃcinā svapradhānatā stuteradhikaraṇeti | candramaso veti candratvamāpannasyāpyoṣadhisomasya vā, yathoktam- "sa tanūkaraṇe" ( 11 |
258.1.4
“somaṃ manyate-( ṛ0 saṃ0 8, 3, 20, 3 )”-iti | sūryāyā ārṣam | vivāhe viniyogaḥ || “yat” “sampiṣanti” sañcūrṇayanti abhiṣutya pibanti somam oṣadhim kecidrāsāyanikāḥ | te “manyante” “somaṃ” papivāṃsaḥ somamapāsyāmiti, na ca punaste somapāḥ, vṛthā somaḥ sa iti | anena tāvadarddharcenāyaṃ mantra evaṃ “vṛthā sutamasomamāha” pātūṃśca | atha kaḥ somaḥ ? ke ca somapāḥ ? yato bravīti“somaṃ0-kaścana” |“yaṃ” brāhmaṇāḥ “somaṃ” “viduḥ”adhiyajñe aṅgabhūtam, “na tasya aśnāti” “kaścana” “ayajvā” anadhikṛto yajamānatvena | “iti adhiyajñam” iti viṣayamupapradarśayati || “athādhidaivatam”-iti viṣayāntaramadhikaroti | uktaṃ hi “candramaso vā”-iti, tadupapradarśanārthamāha-“somaṃ manyate papivānyatsaṃpiṃpantyoṣadhim”-“iti” “yajuḥ”| “sutam” adhiyajñaṃ candramasamapekṣya “asomamāha” | yathā pūrvasmin rāsāyanikasomasyāsomatvamadhiyajñamapekṣya, evamihāpyadhiyajñasomasyāsomatvamadhidaivasomaṃ candramasamapekṣya | evaṃ kṛtvā “somaṃ” “yaṃ” “brahmāṇaḥ” “viduḥ” “candramasam” “na tasya aśnāti” “kaścana” “adevaḥ iti” devānāṃ hi bhakṣyatvena vipariṇataścandramāḥ, “somo nṛnameṣa taddevānāmanam”-iti ha vijñāyate | evamasya svapradhānā somasya stutiḥ | 11 | 4 | “athaiṣā aparā bhavati candramaso vā etasya vā” | sā kimartham ? “āścaryamiva prādhānyena” ityuktam ( 11 | "yattvāṃ deva prapibanti0 ( ṛ0 saṃ0 8, 3, 20, 5 )"-iti | yadā tvāṃ he "deva !" soma ! "prapibanti" prārabhante somaṃ pātumṛtvijyajamānāḥ, triṣu savanamukhyeṣu | tadā kim ? iti- "tataḥ āpyāyase punaḥ" | tataḥ anantaram punaḥ āpyāyame |
258.1.5
taduktamadhikriyate--"āpyāyanamāpyāyasva ( "saṃ te̱ paryā̍si0 (ṛ0 saṃ0 1, 6, 22, 3 | ya0 vā0 saṃ0 12, 113 | sā0 saṃ0 ā0 2, 2 )"iti | ) bhakṣyaśeṣān"- iti | "vāyuḥ somasya rakṣitā"-iti, vāyavyeṣvasau pātreṣu gṛhīto rakṣyata iti "vāyumasya rakṣitāramāha" mantradṛk "sāhacaryāt rasaharaṇāt vā"vāyusahacarito hyasau, tena nityaṃ sahacaraṇādavinābhāvātkarmaṇaḥ, rasaharaṇāt vā sarvarasāpahāro vāyuḥ samarthaḥ san yanna śoṣayati somam, tena somo rakṣito bhavati | "samānāṃ māsa ākṛtiḥ" samānāṃ saṃvatsarāṇāṃ "māsaḥ" "mātā" nirmātā soma oṣadhiḥ, sarvasya kilauṣadhiḥ| "somasya" candramasaḥ kalaupacayamanu pratyahamekaikaśyena kalā iva candramasaḥ parṇānyupacīyante, sa paurṇamāsyāṃ pañcadaśaparṇaḥ sampadyate, paurṇamāsyāḥ punaḥ parataḥ kalāhānau candramasa iva ekaikaṃ parṇamapacīyate iti oṣadheḥ somasya somasya candramasaḥ sampadyate| tadāyurvedavidaḥ somalakṣaṇaṃ rasāyanatantre smaranti | amunā prakāreṇopacayāpacayābhyāṃ parṇānāṃ māsopalakṣaṇadvāreṇa "samānāṃ" "saṃvatsarāṇām" "ākṛtiḥ" ākatī bhavati "somaḥ rūpaviśeṣaiḥ" | tadevaṃ parṇānāmupacaryāpacayābhyāmanyadanyadrūpaṃ pratipadyate evamadhipakṣe'pi sa eva oṣadhiḥ somaḥ | athādhidaive-"yattvā deva prapibanti"-iti | aparapakṣeṣu pīyate raśmibhiḥ | taduktam"yamakṣitimakṣitayaḥ pibanti" iti | "tata āpyāyase punaḥ" taṃ pūrvapakṣamāpyāyayantīti | tadapyuktam-"yathā devā aṃśumāpyāyayanti" iti | vāyuṃ somasya candramaso rakṣitāramāha, eṣa hyenaṃ sūkṣmayaḥ raśmināḍyā suṣumnākhyayā punaryathākālamāpūrayati|
258.1.6
"samānāṃ" "saṃvatsarāṇām" "māsaḥ" candramāḥ = somaḥ, lakṣaṇatvāt māsaḥ dvādaśakṛtvo māsabhūtamātmānamāvarttayan saṃvatsarāṇāṃ karttā bhavati | "rūpaviśeṣaiḥ"-iti | kalānāmupacayāpacayalakṣaṇaistaistaiśca rūpaviśeṣaiścandramasaḥ pratitithi bhavanti || "svāviṣṭhayā madiṣṭhayā0 ( 11 | marthaṃ vyācakṣate | tanmatenocyate-he bhagavan ! “soma !” candra ! “svādiṣṭhayā” atiśayena svādutamayā, “madiṣṭhayā” atiśayena madayitṛtamayā “pavasva” prakṣara “dhārayā” pratyahamekaikakalayā, “indrāya” sūryāya “pātave” “sutaḥ” āpūritaḥ supumnena raśminā | 11 | 5 |
258.2
“somaḥ ( 2 )”-iti vaktavyam | sa punareṣaḥ “oṣadhiḥ” “somaḥ” haimavato maujavato vā | sa kasmāt ? “sunoteḥ” “ṣuñ abhiṣave (svā0 u0 )”-ityasya, abhiṣūyate hyasau yajñe | “yadenamabhiṣuṇvanti”-iti karmakārakaṃ darśayati | sa katham ? madhyamasthāno bhavati hi tamadhikṛtya-“yattai soma divi jyotiḥ ( ya0 vā0 saṃ0 6, 33 )”-iti, “somo vai vājastasya candramāstṛtīyamayaṃ yaḥ pavate sa tṛtīyamiti sa tanūkaraṇe taṃ sarvaṃ svatanūbhūtamāpyāyayati ( śa0 brā0 3, 9, 4, 12 )”-iti | tasmādasyaiva svā tanūryaccandramāḥ, rasātmakatvāt | vāyurvā so'yamevamātmānamāpyāyyābhiṣūyata iti bhavati sa madhyamaḥ |
11 |
“bahulamasya naighaṇṭukaṃ vṛttam” asvāryā stutiḥ parārthā | tadyathā-prāyaḥ pāvamānaṃ maṇḍalam “āścaryamiva prādhānyena” | svapradhānā stutiḥ, kacidāścaryaṃ citrataḥ syāt
"tasya pāvamānīṣu" ṛkṣu "nidarśanāya" ubhayam "udāhariṣyāmaḥ"-parārthatvaṃ stuteḥ svārthatvaṃ ca | parārthaṃ tāvadudāhriyate, tadyathā-||
2 ) itara vā yatrākṛtaprakriyā syāṃdanadhikāro'smin prakrame candramasaḥ | candramaso vādhidaivamāpannasya | oṣadhisomasya vādhiyajñamāpannasya | tadetadubhayathā pradarśayati-||
3 ) | tathā ceyam aparā anyā svārthaprādhānyā stutirapyasti somasyetyupapradarśanārthamāha-||
“candramāḥ (3)”kasmāt ? sa hi “cāyan”paśyan sarvabhūtāni uparyavasthitaḥ “dramati” gacchati, cāyateḥ pūrvapadam, drumateruttarapadam | athavā-“candro mātā” candraścāsau mātā ca nirmātā sarvasyeti candramāḥ, candraḥ pūrvapadam, mātottarapadam | “cāndraṃ mānamasya-iti vā” candramāḥ, candraḥ pūrvapadam, tadevottarapadam, kevalaṃ tu samānādhikaraṇaḥ pūrvaḥ, bahuvrīhiruttaraḥ |
11 |
5 |
258.3
1 )"-ityasyāmapi kecit adhideva-
atha “candraḥ” kasmāt ? “candataḥ kāntikarmaṇaḥ” nityakānto hyasau || “candanam” - “ityapyasyaiva” candateḥ “bhavati” tadapi hi kāntam || athavā “cāru dramati” cāruśabdāt pūrvapadam, drumateḥ uttarapadam, cārviti drumatikriyāviśeṣaṇam | athavā-“ciraṃ dramati” tadevottarapadam, ciraśabdāt pūrvapadam | “cameḥ ( bhvā0 pa0 ) vā pūrvam” drumaterevottarapadam, ko'rthaḥ? camyamāno bhakṣyamāṇo devairasau dramatīti candramāḥ |
11 |
5 |
258.5
atha “cāru” kasmāt ? “ruceḥ (bhvā0 ā0 )” ādyanta-“viparītasya” dīptikarmaṇaḥ |
11 |
4 ||
“tasyaiṣā bhavati”-||
Linked texts (1)
- Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit