Yāska's Nirukta 65
Ṛjvarthā (Niruktavṛtti) 65
- Language
- Sanskrit
Contents
- 65.2 — 4 parts
65.2.1
"dayati (29)"— ityeṣa śabdaḥ "anekakarmā" anekārthaḥ, na tvanekārthavikalpaprakṛtiḥ,--yathā suviteśabdasya anyenānyena dhātunā vigṛhyānekārthatvamuktam,-iṇā vigṛhya "su ite" --iti gatyarthatvam, sūtinā vigṛhya "sūte"--iti ca prajārthatvam, naivamiha | kiṃ tarhi ? ekaprakṛtirevāyaṃ śabdo'nekārtho bhavatītyasya viśeṣasyopadyotanārthamudāharati | evamucyamāne'pyanekārthatve dayatiranekakarmaivetyevamuktam || anye tu bruvate,yathā suviteśabdo'nekārtho'navagatasaṃskāraśca,naivamayam | kiṃ tarhi? anekārtha evāyāmiti || evamanekārthatvaṃ pratijñāya udāharaṇenaivopapādayati,--"nave̍na̱ pūrvai̱ daya̍mānāḥ syāma"-"iti" etasmin mantre dayatītyeṣa śabdaḥ "upadayākarmā" | upadayeti rakṣaṇamucyate | "navena" dhānyena "pūrva" purāṇaṃ "dayamānāḥ" rakṣantaḥ "syāma" purāṇena ca navam, dṛṣṭaṃ hi navena purāṇasya ca rakṣaṇaṃ, purāṇena ca navasya, prasiddhaṃ ca loke | tasmādihāyamupadyate upadayākarmā | 'caturdaśe'dhyāye' ityasya śeṣaḥ ||
65.2.2
"ya eka̱ idvi̱daya̍te̱ vasu̍"--"iti" etasmin mantre "dānakarmā vā, vibhāgakarmā vā" | "ya eka̱ idvi̱daya̍te̱ vasu̱ marttā̍ya dā̱śuṣe̍ | īśā̍no apra̍tiṣkuta̱ indro̍ aṅga | (ṛ0 saṃ0 1, 6, 6, 2) " iti | rāhūgaṇasya gautamasyārṣam | aindrī | uṣṇik || “yaḥ” indraḥ “ekaḥ it” eka eva svatantraḥ “vi” vividhaṃ “vasu” dhanaṃ “dayate” dadāti | kasmai ? ‘martyāya’ manuṣyāya | kiṃlakṣaṇāya ? ‘dāśuṣe’ dattavate havīṃṣi || athavā vibhāgakarmā–dāśuṣe vasu viṃdayate vibhajate ityarthaḥ || kiṃlakṣaṇaḥ punarindro dadāti, vibhajate vā ? . ti | ucyate-‘īśānaḥ’ īśvaraḥ, ‘apratiṣkutaḥ’ apratiskhalitaḥ saṃgrāmeṣu | ‘indraḥ’ ‘aṅga’ kṣipraṃ dhanaṃ dadāti, vibhajate vā, dāśuṣe yajamānāya || tamahaṃ staumi, so'smākaṃbhaktat karotvityabhiprāyaḥ | īśānaḥ, indraḥ, anyatra dānavibhāgābhyāṃ dāśuṣe yajamānāya vasvekavākye śrūyamāṇaṃ kimanyar kuryāt? tasmāṭa vākyasāmarthyādatra “dānakarmā vā vibhāgakarmā vā” ityupapadyate || etasmin mantre “dahātikarmā”dahanakarmā | nigamaprasaktaṃ nirbravīti,–“durvarttuḥ durvāraḥ” durvāraṇīya ityarthaḥ |
65.2.3
iti | āgneyī | bharadvājasyārṣam | triṣṭup | prātaranuvākādiṣvanayoḥ śasyate || upajvalitasyāgneḥ ‘adha’ atha, anantarameva tasya ‘jihvā’ jvālā dāruṣu ‘pāpatīti’ punaḥpunaḥ patati, ‘pravṛṣṇaḥ’ pravarṣituḥ indrasya ‘gopuyudhaḥ’ gavāthaṃ vāde devapaṇibhiḥ saha asurairyudhyataḥ || athavā goṣu apsu, medhena saha yudhyata ityarthaḥ | ‘na’--ityupamā, indrasya goṣu yudhyata iva | ‘aśaniḥ’ ‘sṛjānā’ tenaiva sṛjyamānā yathā patati, aśanirvajraḥ, tathā agnerjvālā dāruṣu pāpatīti | kiṃca, ‘śūrasyeva prasitiḥ kṣātiragneḥ’| yathā kasyacit śūrasya vikrāntasya vo apratihatagateḥ prasitiḥ prasahyaṃ saṃgrāmānupraveśamārgaḥ chinnabhinnāvagaṇaiḥ śatrubhiḥ praikīrṇaḥ syāt, evamasya agneḥ kṣātiḥ dahanamārgaḥ, īṣatpluṣṭāddhardagdhabhasmībhūtairvṛkṣairgulmādibhirākīryate | kadā punaretad bhavati ? “durvarttuḥ” ‘durvāraḥ” dāvāgnībhūtaḥ, “bhīmaḥ” sarvaprāṇibhayaṅkaro yadāyamagniḥ “dayate” dahati || kim ? “vanāni” | evamayamāgneye mantre vanaśabdasannidhau śrūyamāṇe dayatiśabdo dahanādanyat kimabhidadhyāt ? tasmāt sāmarthyādihāyaṃ dahanakarmā--ityupapattiḥ | etasmin mantre “hiṃsākarmā” |
65.2.4
brahma̍jūtasta̱nvā̍ vāvṛdhā̱no bhūri̍dātra̱ āpṛ̍ṇa̱droda̍sī u̱bhe || (ṛ0 saṃ0 3, 2, 15, 1)” iti | viśvāmitrasyeyamārṣam | triṣṭup | udbhidgalabhidorniṣkevalye nividdhānīyasya sūktasya prathamaiveyam || 'indraḥ' 'pūrbhit' asurapurāṃ meghānāṃ vā bhettā, adbhiḥ pūrṇā apo vā pālayantīti meghāḥ, puraḥ, “pṛ̱ pālanapūraṇayoḥ ( kyā0 pa0 )”—ityetasya | 'atirat' abhinat | 'dāsaṃ' dāsayitavyaṃ megham || kaiḥ sahāyaiḥ saha ?, ‘arkaiḥ' vṛṣaiḥ [vā,] devairmādhyamikairvā || kilakṣaṇaḥ punarasāvindraḥ, ya atirat ? “vi̱dadva̍suḥ” prāptadhanaḥ | kiṃ kurvan atirat dāsam ? “vi̱daya̍mānaḥ” vividhaṃ hiṃsan “śatrūn” ye meghavadhapratibandhinaḥ || āha-–kiṃ vidadvasutvenaivaikena guṇena yukto ya indraḥ, sa etadakarot ? netyucyate'brahmajūtaḥ' ca brahmaṇā stutilakṣaṇena jūtaḥ prāptaḥ, prīto vā, brāhmaṇatanvā śarīreṇa 'vāvṛdhānaḥ' varddhamānaḥ 'āpṛṇat' āpūrayati | 'rodasī' dyāvāpṛthivyau ubhe api 'bhūridātraḥ' bahudānaśca indro dāsamatirat | evamatra vidadvasurddyamāno viśatrūniti śatrusannidhau dayateḥ kimanyat sāmarthyamupapadyetānyatra vadhāt ? || “i̱me su̱tā indra̍ vaḥ prā̱tarli̍ṃtvanā sa̱jorṣa̍sā pibatama̱śvinā̍tān | a̱yaṃ hi vā̍ mūtaye vanda̍nāya̱ māṃ va̍yaso do̱ṣā daya̍māno abūbudhat”–iti | “dyamāna iti” | atra dayatirgatyarthaḥ | dayamānaḥ uḍḍīyamānaḥ kāko'ntarikṣeṇādhastāt māṃ sutaṃ “doṣā” doṣāyāmabodhayat | mṛgyo'tra śeṣaḥ | 4 | 17 |
65.17
bharadvājasyeyamarṣam | triṣṭup | ukthaparyāyeṣvacchāvākasya śastre mādhyandine savane viniyuktā || "adyācin" adya "nūcit" purāpi"tadapaḥ nadīnāṃ" sambandhikaṃ tadapaḥ karma vartate | "ābhyo" nadībhyaḥ 'gātuṃ' mārgam 'aradaḥ' pravahaṇārthaṃ vyalikhaḥ iti yat karma tat sarvamanupakṣīrṇaṃ vartate ityarthaḥ | api ca tvadājñayā 'parvatāḥ' girayaḥ 'niṣeduḥ' niṣaṇṇāḥ | utpatnaṃ parityajya kacideva sthāne naiścalyenopaviṣṭā babhūvuḥ 'admasado na' annamadanīyamannaṃ tadarthaṃ sīdantaḥ puruṣā iva yathā te bhojanārthaṃ naiścalyenāsate ityarthaḥ | ataḥ kāraṇāt he'sukato!' śobhanakarman 'indra'! tvayā 'rajāṃsi'sarve lokāḥ 'dṛḷhāni'dṛḍhīkṛtānītyarthaḥ | "adya [ca]'" "purā ca" "tadeva karma" 'nadīnāṃ' varttate || katamat ? 'yat' uddiśya vahanaṃ karma | kathaṃ nāma ? asya lokasyopakārāyojasrametā vaheyuriti | 'gātuṃ' gamanamārgam 'ābhyaḥ' nadībhyo'rthāya tvam 'aradaḥ' akhanastvam | kiṃ ? gamanam gacchantyaneneti gamanam | he 'indra!' tadeva karmādyāpi varttate, tāsāṃ nadīnām, yathā vyādiṣṭameva tvayā | nābhiradyāpi tadanuṣṭhīyata ityabhiprāyaḥ | yaduktaṃ purastādapi"indro̍ a̱smāṃ ara̍dan"-ityatra | evaṃ tāvadayaṃ tvayaiva nadyadhīnenopakāreṇānugṛhyate lokaḥ || kiñca, 'niparvatā admasado na seduḥ' | ya ete parvatāḥ parvavanto meghāḥ, admasadḥ niṣpādiyatavyamannamasmābhirityetamarthamuddiśyāntarikṣaloke sīdanti, avatiṣṭhante, gacchanti vā, te'pi yuṣmadīyopamṛditā evodakabhūtāḥ, nīcairbhūbhyāsannaniṣpattyarthaṃ seduḥ sīdantītyarthaḥ | tadeva kṛtvā [kiṃ bahunā ] sarvathāpyudakapradānadvāreṇa tvayaivaitāni, he sukarman ! 'dṛḷhāni' dṛḍhīkṛtāni 'rajāṃsi' lokā ityarthaḥ | tvaṃ cedeṣāmevamannamudakaṃ ca
na vyadhāsyaḥ, sarva evaite lokā nābhaviṣyannityabhiprāyaḥ || ihādyaitasya sannidhau varttamāno nūcidityeṣa purāṇābhidhāyītyupapadyate || iha purāṇanavayorityuktam, tatra purāṇābhidhāyitvasyaitadudāharaṇam, navābhidhāyinaḥ–"nūcinna vāyoramṛtaṃ vi dasyet" atra hi vakṣyati--“navaṃ ca purāṇaṃ ceti” || nūcetyasyodāharaṇam,– “nūca̍ pu̱rā ca̱ sada̍naṃ rayī̱ṇāṃ jā̱tasya̍ ca̱ jāya̍mānasya ca̱ kṣām | sa̱taśca̍ go̱pāṃ bha̍vataśca̱ bhūre̍rde̱vā a̱gniṃ dhā̍rayandraviṇo̱dām || (ṛ0 saṃ0 1,7, 4, 2)” iti | kutsasyeyamārṣam | triṣṭup | pṛṣṭhadyasya ṣaṣṭhe'hani agnimārute śastre jātavedasye sūkte śasyete ||“nūca purā ca sadanam” adya ca purā ca sadanam | kasya ? “rayīṇāṃ” dhanānām | kiṃca, ‘jātasya’ utpannasya ‘jāyamānasya’ ‘ca’ abhiniṣpadyamānasya bhūtajātasya ‘kṣām’ nivāsamityarthaḥ| “tasmāt sarvānṛtūn paśavo'gnimabhisarpantīti vijñāyate” | ‘yatra gāṃ śayānāṃ nirjagāti mṛtāmetāmadvidvān manyate'nvagnau hyevaite praviśantīti ca vijñāyate”| tasmādupapadyate sthānatvaṃ nivāsatvaṃ cāgneḥ| ‘sataśca’ niṣpannasya bhūtajātasya ‘gopāṃ’ goptāram, ‘bhavataśca’ utpadyamānasya ‘bhūreḥ’bahunaḥ, goptāramityanuvarttate | ya evalakṣaṇo'gnistaṃ ‘draviṇodāṃ’ dhanasya dātāram, ‘devāḥ’ ‘dhārayan’ dhṛtavanta ityarthaḥ | kva ? havirvahanakarmaṇi | “athā devā dadhire havyavāham”-iti vakṣyati | evamiha purā hyetyasya sannidhau nūcetyeṣa śabdo varttamāno navābhidhāyītyupapadyate| purāṇābhidhāyitve paryeṣyemasyodāharaṇam |
4 |
3,4 ||
Linked texts (1)
- Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit