Yāska's Nirukta 80
Ṛjvarthā (Niruktavṛtti) 80
- Language
- Sanskrit
80.2
“vanuṣyati ( 8 )”--iti “hantikarmā” hantyarthe varttamānaḥ, “anavagatasaṃskāro bhavati” | “yadi̍ndrā̱gnī janā̍ i̱me vi̱hvaya̍nte̱ tanā̍ gi̱rā | a̱smāke̍bhirnṛ̱bhirva̱yaṃ sā̍sa̱hyāma̍pṛtanya̱taḥ | va̱nuyārma va̱nuṣya̱to nabha̍ntāmanya̱ke sa̍me ||( ṛ0 sa06,3,25,6 )”--iti || nābhākasyārṣam | mahāvrate mahadukthe śasyate | asyāḥ punaraṣṭākṣarāḥ ṣaṭ pādāḥ | chandasāṃ punaranukramaṇyāṃ śaunakena “abhiprastoṣi ’ ityata ārabhya jāgatāni trīṇi sūktāni anukrāntāni, teṣāmapīyaṃ madhye || he ‘indrāgnī !’ ‘yat’ yadā ‘ime’ ‘janāḥ’ ye'smadīyāḥ parakīyāśca te ubhaye'pi ‘vihvayante’ vyatyayenetaretaram āhūyante vijigīṣutayā | ‘tanā’ santatayā ‘girā’ vācā, athavā--tanā dhanena nimittabhūtena jetavyena puraskṛtena vihvayante | tadā yuvām 'asmākebhiḥ' asmadīyaiḥ 'nṛbhiḥ' manuṣyaiḥ saṃhitau bhūyāstam te 'vayaṃ' yuvābhyāṃ mahitāḥ 'sāsahyāma' punaḥ punarabhibhavema | kān ? ya ete 'pṛtanyataḥ' pṛtanāmasmābhiḥ saha kartum icchanti, tānabhibhavema | kiñca, "vanuyāma vanuṣyataḥ" ye ca aitaprām asmābhiḥ saha saṃyeṃttā eva samprahārībhūtā vanuṣyantyasmān ghnantyeva, enāṃśca vanuṣyataḥ vanuyāmo vayaṃ hanma ityarthaḥ | kathaṃ punaīnma ? ucyate-yathā, - 'nabhantāmanyake same' mā bhūvannanyake sarve yuvayoranugrahādvanma ityabhiprāyaḥ | evametasmin mantre "sāsahyāma pṛtanyataḥ"-ityetasmin saṅgrāmādhikāre vanuṣyaterhantyarthatvamupapadyate || na hi saṃgrāmametya hananādanyat karttavyamasti, yat kriyate ||
vasiṣṭhasyeyārṣam | jagatī | tārttīyasavanikīye maitrāvaruṇasya śastre viniyuktā | he 'indrāvaruṇau !' 'yuvam' yuvāmityarthaḥ | 'adhvarāya naḥ' yajñāya asmākaṃ 'viśe' 'janāya' sarvasmai manuṣyajanāya, asmatkarmakāmāya 'mahi' mahat, 'śarma' sukhaṃ 'yacchatam' dattabhityarthaḥ | "dīrghaprayajyuṃ" "dīrghapratatayajñaṃ" nityayāyajūkam, agnihotriṇam "ati yo vanuṣyati" "abhi jighāṃsati" yo nihantumicchati | kiṃ tasya ? ityucyate-"vaya jayema" "pṛtanāsu" saṃgrāmeṣu "dūḍhyaḥ" "durdhiyaṃ" "pāpadhiyaṃ", pāpayā dhiyā hi dīrghapratatayajñamabhijighāṃsati | evamatrāpi prakaraṇāt "vanuṣyati" hantyarthaḥ | alpaprayogaviṣayatvād bhāṣyakāreṇa nigamadvaya paṭhitam || vyākhyānaprasaktamucyate, - "pāpaḥ pātā'peyānām" apeyānyalehyāni yāni, tānyasau pibati, viṣayaprasakta ityarthaḥ | "pāpatyamānaḥ" punaḥpunaḥ pātyamānaḥ, tenaiva pāpena karmaṇā | "avāṅṅeva" narakameva prati "patati" asau, tasmāt “vā” pāpaḥ |
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“nadaḥ (12)”—ityetadanavagatam | “ṛṣiḥ nado bhavati”—iti śabdasya parya yeṇa tattvavacanam | “nadateḥ stutikarmaṇaḥ” iti vyutpattiḥ | naditā vā nadatīve tyarthapratītiḥ ||
80.3
"taruṣyatiḥ ( 9 ), apyevaṅkarmā" hantikamaityarthaḥ |
| "ṛbhu̱rṛbhu̍bhirbhi va̍ḥ syāmu vibhvo̍ vi̱bhubhi̱ḥ śava̍sā̱ śavā̍ṃsi | vājo̍ a̱smām̐ a̍vantu vāja̍sātā̱vindre̍ṇa yu̱jā ta̍ruṣema vṛ̱tram || (ṛ0 saṃ0 5, 4, 15, 2)"-iti || vasiṣṭhasyeyamārṣam | triṣṭup | avivākye tṛtīyasavane, vaiśvadeve śastre, ārṣave sūkte nividdhānīye śasyate || heśatravaḥ ! 'ṛbhuḥ'ṛbhavaḥ urubhāso vayam, urubhābhiḥ 'ṛbhubhiḥ' devaiḥ sahitāḥ 'abhi vaḥ syāma' abhibhavema yuṣmān vayam | he 'vibhvaḥ !' 'vibhubhiḥ' prabhūtabalaiḥ yuṣmābhiḥ sahitāḥ 'śavasā' svena balena, eteṣāmabhibhavitṝṇāṃ 'śavāṃsi' balānyabhibhavema | kiñca, 'vājaḥ' aśvāḥ 'asmān' 'avantu, rakṣantu | kasmin ? 'vājasātau' saṃgrāme, "indreṇa" ca "yujā" saṃyuktāḥ santo vayaṃ "taruṣema" hanmainaṃ "vṛtraṃ" śatrumityarthaḥ | abhibhavādhikārāt taruṣyatirhantyartha upapadyate |
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80.4
"bhandanā (10), bhandateḥ stutikarmaṇaḥ" stutyarthe varttamānasya | "pi̱tā ya̱jñānā̱masu̍ro vipa̱ścitā̱ṃ vimāne̍ma̱gnirvi̱yuna̍ṃ ca vā̱ghatā̍m | āvi̍veśa̱ roda̍sī̱ bhūri̍vapa̍sā purupriyo bha̍ndate̱ dhāma̍bhiḥ ka̱viḥ || (ṛ0 saṃ0 .2, 8, 20 4)"-iti || viśvāmitrasyeyamārṣam | pṛṣṭhyasya prathame'hani āgnimārute śastre, nividdhānīye, vaiśvānarīye sūkte śasyate || 'pitā yajñānāṃ' pālayitā yajñānām, 'agniḥ' 'asuraḥ' prajñāvān 'vipaścitāṃ' prajñāvatāmapi madhye prajñāvān, 'vimānaṃ' vinirmāṇaṃ kṛtsnasya jagataḥ, agnineva hyagnihotrādikarmadvāreṇa kṛtsnaṃ jagadvinirmīyate | 'vayunañca' prajñānamayameva | 'vāghatām' ṛtvijām, ṛtvijo hyayamevāgniḥ viśiṣṭaṃ yajñasādhanamityevaṃ manyante | yo'yamevaṃlakṣaṇo'gniḥ 'āviveśa' 'rodasī' dyāvāpṛthivyau 'bhūrivarpasā' pārthivavaidyutādibahurūpatvena, tamevaṃguṇayuktamagniṃ "purupriyaḥ” bahukāmapriyaḥ stotā, "bhandate" stauti, "dhāmabhiḥ" nāmabhiḥ anekaiḥ prakāraiḥ, "kaviḥ" krāntadarśana ityarthaḥ | purupriyo hi stotā dhāmabhiragneḥ kimanyat stuteḥ kuryāt ! tasmādupapadyate stutyarthatvamasya ||
bhaumo'triḥ, tasyeyamarṣim | jagatī | “pra ta̍ ā̱śava̍ḥ pavamāna dhī̱java̍ḥ”—ityaṣṭācatvāriṃśatke mahāsūkte ekacatvāriṃśattamo pāvamānaisomī | yadi mama yājñaṃ karmopanamaittatsunuyāmahamelaṃ somaṃ tatreti, ya evaṃ nityakālamāśāste “saḥ” eṣa sāmpratamasminstomakarmaṇi upanaite he soma ! tava “bhandanāḥ” stutīḥ “udiyartti” udīrayati | “prajāvatīḥ” prajāsaṃyuktāḥ, prajāliṅgā ityarthaḥ | 'viśvāyuḥ' viśvamayetīti viśvāyuḥ, sarvatrāpratihataprajñāna ityarthaḥ, sarvato vā viśvāyuḥ | 'viśvāḥ' sarvaprakārāḥ, nāmabandhukarmarūpasambaddhāḥ stutīḥ, nāmnā, bandhubhiḥ, karmaṇā, rūpeṇeti hyuktam | 'subharāḥ' subhṛtāḥ,. supuṣṭāḥ, sthānakaraṇānupradānavatyo yuṣmadguṇairalaṅkṛtāḥ | 'ahardivi' ahani ca rātrau ca, rātriryāyābhiprāyeṇa nityakālamevetyabhiprāyaḥ | kaṃ punararthamupetya stutīrudīrayati ? 'brahma prajāvat' annaṃ prajāsaṃyuktaṃ bhoktṛsahitam | api ca 'rayim' dhanaṃ gohiraṇyādi | 'aśvapastyam' aśvaiḥ patanasamarthaiḥ śīghraiḥ saṃyuktam | 'pītaḥ' tvamasmābhirasmin karmaṇi | he 'indo' soma ! 'indram' asmadarthaṃ 'yācatāt' yācasvetyarthaḥ | etamarthamabhipretya stutīrudīrayati | “bhandanā udiyartti” ityudīraṇasambandhāt stutaya etāḥ “bhandanā”—śabdenocyanta ityupapadyate | pūrvamākhyātapadasambaddhamudāharaṇaṃ “purupriyo bha̍nda̱te dhāma̍bhiḥ (pṛ0 354 paṃ0 13)”, iti-idaṃ nāmarūpasambaddham, “sa bhandanā udiyartti prajāvatīḥ”—iti ca | ubhayathā prayogo'stītyubhayamupapradarśitam, alpaprayogaviṣayatvācca |
80.5
“āhanaḥ (11)”—ityetat padaṃ sambodhanamanavagatam, apratīyamānārthatvāt | “āhaṃsi”--ityarthapratītiḥ ||
“na ti̍ṣṭhanti̱ na nimi̍ṣantye̱te de̱vānā̱ṃ spaśa̍ i̱ha ye cara̍nti | anyena̱ madā̍hano yāhi̱ tūṃya̱ tena̱ viva̍ha ra̱thye̍va ca̱krā || ( ṛ0 saṃ0 7, 6, 7, 3,)”-iti || yamasya yamyāśca saṃvādasūktam, tatra yamasyeyamarṣam | sa yamīṃ maithunāya prārthayamānāṃ bravīti,-he yami ! mā maṃsthāḥ sāmprataṃ raho varttata iti, kiṃtu, 'na tiṣṭhanti' muhūrttamapi, ete janāḥ randhrānveṣaṇatatparā ityabhiprāyaḥ | api ca, 'na nimiṣanti' animiṣāḥ, ādaravanta ityabhiprāyaḥ | ke punaste ? ityucyate-'ete devānāṃ' svabhūtāḥ, 'ye' 'iha' etasmin loke 'spaśaḥ' spārśayitāraḥ, kṛtākṛtānāṃ karmaṇāṃ cihnayitāraḥ | 'mahānardhvaryuḥ spārśayeta' ityatrāpi spārśayatiścihnanārthaḥ śrūyate || ke punaste ? iti | ucyateahaśca, rātriśca, ubhe ca sandhye, sūryācandramasau, vāyuśca, antarapuruṣaśca-ityevamādayaḥ, na hyeteṣāṃ kiñcidaviditaṃ parokṣamasti-ityabhiprāyaḥ | ato bravīmi,-“anyena” anyakulajena kenacit puruṣeṇa, “mat” mattaḥ, tvaṃ he “āhanaḥ !” maithunaṃ “yāhi” “tūryaṃ” “kṣipram” | “āhaṃsi iva” asabhyametat “bhāṣamāṇā” tvam, nāhametadasabhyaṃ śrotumapyutsahe tava, kiṃ punaḥ kartum ? tasmānmatto'nyena maithunārthaṃ cara | 'tena' eva saha 'vivaha' abhyudyacchasva ātmānaṃ maithunakarmaṇi | 'rathyeva cakrā' rathacakre iva, yathaikamakṣaṃ rathacakre dve abhyudyacchataḥ, evamekamanastvamupapadya tenaikabhūtena manasā akṣaṃṇaivobhe api śarīre, tvaṃ ca tasya kāminaḥ saktam, sa ca tava, tenaiva saha tavaitasminnarthe ekamanastvamastviti, na mayā sārddhametasminnarthe'bhyudyacchamānā na māṃ śakṣyase kampayitumityabhiprāyaḥ | evametasmin mantre'niṣṭhatvānmaithunasamācārasya “āhanaḥ”-ityetad yamīviṣayaṃ sabodhanam | āhanyata iva hi sa yamastayā'nena durvacanena | tasmāt saiva sambodhyate āhanaḥ ! iti “etasmāt” eva kāraṇāt “āhanaḥ syāt” yo'yam upadeśaḥ striyai, asāvapi hi yasya sannidhau saṅkīrtyate, sa āhanyata iva asabhyatvāt tasya || “ayajñiyo vai puruṣo'medhya āhanaḥ syājjāyata iti vijñāyate” |
80.12
nadanasya mā rudhataḥ kāma āgamat | saṃruddhaprajananasya brahmacāriṇa ityṛṣiputryā vilapitaṃ vedayante |
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agastyalopāmudrābrahmacārisūktasaṃvāde lopāmudrāyā iyamarṣam | sā abravīdagastyaṃ bharttāramabhipretya “nadasya” “nadanasya” naditurvā devatāstotuḥ asyāgastyasya “rudhataḥ’ saṃruddhavataḥ indriyagrāmaṃ “mā” mām ayaṃ “kāmaḥ” “āgan” āgatavān, yenāha sāmprataṃ pīḍaye | mā punarevaṃ na jāne | kim ‘itaḥ’ eva ‘ājātaḥ’ asmaccharī rātjātaḥ, mamopari hyābhivyakto'smatpīḍanāya, athavā–‘amutaḥ’ agastyaśarīrāt puruṣaguṇānusmaraṇāddhi striyāḥ kāmo jāyate–abhivyajyate, puruṣasya ca rūpānusmaraṇāt ataeva “smaraḥ’–iti kāma ucyate | tasmādupapadyate ito vāsmaccharīrāt,–amuto vā nadaśarīrāt, kutaḥ ? iti, na jāne iti | athavā–anyata eva ‘kutaścit’ ayamā gataḥ syāt ? ityetadapi tattvato na jāne | ityeva vilapamānā kāmārttā ‘lopāmudrā rājarṣiputrikā ‘vṛṣaṇaṃ’ retaso varṣitāram agastyaṃ ‘nīriṇāti’ niścayenādhikaṃ va doṣeṇa gacchati, yadi na mamāsāvupari prajananaṃ nyarotsyāt, tato nāyaṃ kāmo māmāṃga miṣyat — ityevaṃ doṣeṇa gacchati | “riṇāti”—iti gatikarmasu paṭhitam | athavā cetasā nīriṇāti upagacchatītyarthaḥ, iṣṭapuruṣānucintanaṃ hi kāmārttāyāḥ striyāḥ svabhāva eva | tasmādevamapyupapadyate | ‘dhīraṃ’ sthirabuddhi brahmacarye ‘adhīrā’ mañcchubdhasarvendriyagrāma ‘dhayati’ pivatīva cetasā, cakṣurbhyāṃ vā paśyati | ‘śvasantaṃ’ cetasā vyāvattaṃmānaṃ tasyāḥ sakāśāt brahmacarye kṛtabuddhiṃ tathāpi dhayatyeva | “śvasati, nadati”—ityeva gatikarmasu paṭhitam | eva lopāmudrāvākye “nadasya ruvato māmāgamat kāmaḥ”— iti prakaraṇādṛṣirnadaśabdenocyata ityupapadyate | “saṃruddhaprajananasya brahmacāriṇa. ityṛṣiputryā vilapitaṃ vedayante”—iti nidānaprakhyāpanam |
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Linked texts (1)
- Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit