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A History of Indian Medical Literature v4.c60: Part 9: Miscellanea

A History of Indian Medical Literature v4.c60

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English

Contents

Part 9: Miscellanea

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1 NCC: not recorded. AVI 445. 2 See the description of this work. 3 NCC: not recorded. AVI 445. *Edition: Aligarh 1950. 4 NCC V, 209. Edition: bṛhatpākāvalī, saṃgrahakartā tathā ‘manoharī’ vyākhyākartā rāja-vaidya paṇḍita śrīgaṅgāprasāda śarmā, parikṣartā śrīśyāmasundara śukla vaidyaśāstrī, 1st ed., Navalakīśora Press, Lucknow 1904 [IO.2654]; 4th ed., Lakhnaū 1951. References are to page numbers of the edition of 1951. 5 The bhūmikā to the edition mentions Pūjyapāda as one of the sources. 6 Also called arkakarabha (8) and kallaka (99). 7 Called ahiphena(ka), āphūka and vyālaphena. 8 The seeds are called khasabīja and khasaphala, the seed capsule is designated as khākasavalka. 9 Piper cubeba Linn.f. 10 Also called cīnīcopa. 11 Also called khurāsānikā. 12 Also called rūmikāhvaya. 13 Identified as Blepharis persica (Burm.f.) Kuntze = B. edulis Pers. (P.V. Sharma, 1997). 14 See the bhūmikā to the first edition (1904). 15 See the description of this work. 16 NCC: not recorded. Edition: Candrikā Press, Poona 1886 [IO.432]. 17 NCC IX, 374, 375, 376; XII, 1. Check-list Nr. 529. STMI 166: Pākadarpaṇa, without author's name. Cat. Sarasvati Bhavan XII, Nr. 44973. Cat. Tanjore Nr. 11237. Kavīndrācāryasūcipatram, Nr. 1055: Nalapāka. AVI 445. HIM II, 488–490. Edited by Vāmācaraṇabhaṭṭācārya, 1st ed., Vidyāvilāsa Press, Vārāṇasī 1915 [BL.14049.ddd.1; IO.San.D.388(i)]; 2nd ed.: mahārājanalaviracitam pākadarpaṇam, ‘mādhurī’-hindīvyākhyāvibhūṣitam (prācīnatama āyurvedīya svasthavṛtta evam pākaśāstra kā viśiṣṭa grantha), vārāṇasīstha rājākīyasaṃskṛtapāṭhaśālīnyāyāśāstrādhyāpakena nyāyācāryapaṇḍitaśrīvāmācaraṇabhaṭṭācāryeṇa saṃśodhitam, ‘mādhurī’-hindī vyākhyākāra Dr. Indradeva Tripāṭhī, Kāśī Saṃskṛta Granthamālā 1, Vārāṇasī 1983. References are to the second edition. Pākadarpaṇa is the title mentioned in the text itself (1.21). 18 Nala is referred to as an expert in the culinary art in Śīlāṅka's Caüppaṇṇamahāpurisacariya (p.38). An Aśvaparīkṣaṇa is also ascribed to Nala (see: Veterinary texts). 19 Mostly ślokas; many verses at the end of chapter and some stray stanzas are composed in longer metres. 20 The table of contents in the text of the treatise (1.28–32) refers to a division into sixteen chapters (the numbers between brackets are those of the chapters in the edition): odana (1), sūpa (1), sarpis (1), vyañjana (1), māṃsa and śāka (1), bhakṣya (3), pāyasa (4), rasāyana, pāna (4 and 5), yūṣa (6), ghṛtādyanna (7), lehya (8), pāniya (9), kṣīra (10), dadhi (11), and takra. Chapter two of the edition (on ṛtudharma) is absent from this list; the chapters on rasāyana and takra, mentioned in the table of contents, do not form part of the printed text.

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21 See on Rtuparṇa and Nala: Mahābhārata, Vanaparvan 67 (ed. Poona). 22 Compare Mahābhārata, Vanaparvan 54.29–32; 64.3; 72 (ed. Poona). Some verses of the Pākadarpaṇa are taken from the Mahābhārata (with a number of variants): 1.2cd–3 = Vanaparvan 64.2cd–3; 6ab = 64.4ab; 10ab = 64.4cd. 23 These types, enumerated only, not defined, are bhakṣya, bhojya, lehya, coṣya, peya, and payogata. Classical āyurveda distinguishes four types: aśita, pīta, līḍha, and khādita (see, e.g., Ca.Sū.28.3). 24 These faults (1.39–56) are called aṣṭa (for example, a rice gruel in which a too large amount of liquid has been left), picchila (overcooked), aśuci (dirty), kvathita (for example, a rice dish containing a too small amount of rice and too much liquid), śuṣka (stale and desiccated), dagdha (burnt), virūpa (for example, a rice dish in which the grains have not been properly crushed), and nartuja (stale). 25 A dish made of rice, mudga beans and chicken. 26 A type of poison which originates from mixing disagreeing articles of diet. 27 These dishes are nowadays called dāl. 28 A temana is a sauce (MW). 29 Dishes with buttermilk as their chief ingredient. 30 Ad Ca.Sū.27.265–267 (a recipe for the preparation of madhuśīrṣaka; not found in the printed text). 31 Ad Su.Sū.46.376 (a recipe for a khaḍa; absent from the printed text), 396cd–397ab (Nala’s definition of a saṭṭaka, in an anonymous quotation) and 453 (the same quotation). 32 Nalanṛpati’s Sūdaśāstra is quoted ad Cakradatta, grahaṇī 60–61 (on svalpacukra) and agnimāndya 4 (on maṇḍa). Cakra borrowed grahaṇī 60–61 from Nala according to Niścala. The quotations are not found in the edited text. Compare Niścala’s quotations from the Sūdaśāstra. 33 Śīlāṅka’s Caüppaṇṇamahāpurisacariya (p.38) mentions Nala as an expert in sūyārasattha (sūpaśāstra) in a list of authorities on several branches of learning (compare A.K. Chatterjee, 1978: 286). 34 Ad Cakrapāṇi’s Dravyaguṇa, kṛtānnavarga 48 (a definition of rāgaṣāḍava, not traceable in the printed text). 35 Ṭoḍara III: 3.90 and 110 (on drinking water); 4.57–60 (Nala is referred to in a quotation from Videha on the preparation of peyā, yūṣa and rasa), 710 (on dāḍimīrasa), 1396–1397 (on the preparation of kaḍhī); IX: 1.207 (the preparation of māṃsarasa), 209 (the preparation of kṛta- and akṛtayūṣa), 333 (the preparation of uṣṇodaka). 36 Br̥hadyogatarangiṇī 16.5–7ab (on the preparation of bhakta; not traceable). 37 Siddhamantraprakāśa ad Siddhamantra 12cd–15ab (recipes for a khala and a kāmbalika; not occurring in the printed text). 38 See G. Wojtilla (1985): 114, (1999): 10. 39 Kṣemakutūhala 11.13–15ab (a recipe for a saṭṭaka; not traceable). 40 See K.T. Achaya (1994): 94: the Śivatattvaratnākara refers to drinking water cooled in a device made of pūgapatta (the bark of Areca catechu Linn.). 41 Cf. Amarakośa 9.2.44. See Om Prakash (1961): 209. 42 The related alasāndra (Su.Sū.46.35; also mentioned in the Bhojanakutūhala) has been identified as Vigna unguiculata (Linn.) Walp. = V. sinensis (Linn.) Savi ex Hassk. = V. cylindrica (Linn.) Skeels, in particular with V. unguiculata subsp. cylindrica (Linn.) Van Eseltine (see M. Abdul Kareem, 1997, Nr. 1701; compare WIRM X, 497–499).

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43 This may be a variety of āluka. 44 This may be an Amaranthus species (compare M. Abdul Kareem, 1997, Nr. 104). 45 Cakravartin is one of the names of Chenopodium album Linn. (see M. Abdul Kareem, 1997, Nr. 384) and Rumex vesicarius Linn. (see M. Abdul Kareem, 1997, Nr. 1413). 46 Some species of Barringtonia are called samudraphala (see M. Abdul Kareem, 1997, Nrs. 214 and 215). 47 Identified as Diospyros peregrina (Gaertn.) Gurke (see WIRM III, 85). 48 Identified as Alstonia venenata R.Br. (see M. Abdul Kareem, 1997, Nr. 99). 49 Nala’s work may also be quoted as Sūdaśāstra. See: Sūdaśāstra. 50 A plant called ālopaka occurs in Soḍhala’s Gadanigraha (kaumāra 12.78), a plant called humkāra in the Ṣaḍrasanighaṇṭu (6.53). 51 See C.P. Masica (1979): 123; G. Wojtilla (1999): 10. 52 NCC XII, 3. STMI 166: appears to be a portion of some exhaustive medical treatise; gives directions for the preparation of pākas to be used as specific remedies; some of these pākas are: āsālīyapāka, aśvagandhipāka, gokṣarupāka, madhupakvāmālā, nālikerapāka, pippalipāka, vidārīpāka, vr̥ddhayoṣarupāka. Bodleian d.735(1) (see D. Wujastyk, 1990: 98). AVI 445. 53 NCC XII, 3. AVI 445. 54 NCC XII, 3. STMI 166: deals with medicinal pākas; some of these are: eraṇḍīpāka, gokṣarupāka, jāvitrīpāka, kaucapāka, nālikerapāka, pippalīpāka, soparīpāka. Cat. Oxford Nr. 758: contains an eraṇḍīpāka, gokṣarupāka, jāvitrīpāka, kañcāpāka, nālikerapāka, pippalīpāka, soparīpāka. 55 NCC XII, 3. 56 NCC XII, 3. One of the MSS dates from A.D. 1766/67 (see P.K. Gode, 1944b: 177). 57 NCC XII, 1. 58 CC II, 74: Pākamārtaṇḍa or Pākāvalī, III, 71. NCC XII, 1: extracts from a medical work. STMI 166: written at Vārḍākṣetra. CBORI XVI, 1, Nr. 129: later than the Pākāvalī which it quotes; written at Vārḍākṣetra on the northern bank of the river Kr̥ṣṇā. Kavīndrācāryasūcipatram, Nr. 1046. R. Nambiyar (1950), Nr. 111. AVI 445. 59 The Poona MS starts with paribhāṣās borrowed from the Pākāvalī (see CBORI XVI, 1, Nr. 129). 60 STMI 166. 61 See CBORI XVI, 1, Nr. 129. 62 See K. Śarmā Suvedī (1995). 63 NCC XII, 1. STMI 166: a small treatise on the preparation of some pākas and some remedies against fevers. 64 NCC: not recorded. Edition: kāśīnāthātmaja-gaṇeśaśarmaviracita-bhāṣāṭīkāsahita, Lakṣmīveṅkaṭeśvar Press, Bombay 1909/10. 65 NCC: not recorded. AVI 445. *Edited, Bombay 1920 or 1924. 66 NCC XII, 3. CBORI XVI, 1, Nr. 132. AVI 445. 67 See P.K. Gode (1950a). 68 Listed by P.K. Gode (1950a). 69 Bhilāvā is the Marāṭhī name of Semecarpus anacardium Linn.f. (WIRM IX, 271). 70 Dālcinī is the Hindī name of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Breyn (WIRM II, 179). 71 Kaucha is probably Mucuna pruriens (Linn.) DC. = M. prurita Hook. (see WIRM VI, 442). 72 Kuḍā is the Marāṭhī name of Holarrhena antidysenterica (Linn.) Wall. (WIRM V, 103).

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73 Rīgaṇī is the Marāṭhī name of *Solanum indicum* Linn. (WIRM IX, 381). 74 Āsālima is identified as *Lepidium sativum* Linn. (see M. Abdul Kareem, 1997, Nr. 1014). 75 Supārī is the Hindī name of *Areca catechu* Linn. 76 See CBORI XVI, 1, Nr. 132. 77 This may be Kālidāsa's *Vaidyamanoramā* (fourteenth century) or Bilhaṇa's *Manoramā* (a MS of this work dates from A.D. 1730/31; see P.K. Gode, 1950a). Vamśīdhara quotes a *Vaidyamanoramā* in his *Vaidyamanotsava* (CC I, 612); Toḍara cites a *Manoramā*. 78 Hastiruci, Udayaruci and Vallabha wrote a work of this title (CC I, 613). 79 Authors of a *Yogacintāmaṇi* are Dhanvantari, Gaṇeśa, Haripāla, and Harṣakīrti. 80 P.K. Gode (1950a: 45) was inclined to assign the work to the period A.D. 1650–1800. 81 P.K. Gode (1950a): 45. 82 NCC XII, 3: extracts on the preparation of syrups. STMI 166: a small work on the preparation of pākas and avalehas; some of the subjects dealt with are: āmalakapāka, aśvagandhāpāka, gokṣurapāka, gokṣurāvaleha, harītakinirūpaṇa, kavacāśvagandhāpāka, nārikelapāka, pippalipāka, and pippalyavaleha. 83 NCC XII, 2. CBORI XVI, 1, Nr. 131. See on this work P.K. Gode (1944b). 84 CBORI XVI, 1, Nr. 131. P.K. Gode (1944b). 85 Probably the same as Hindī pāpaḍ (see K.T. Achaya, 1994; see index). 86 A karañjī is a stuffed puff (see K.T. Achaya, 1994: 134). 87 A lāpsī is a wheat flour halwa (see K.T. Achaya, 1994: 140). 88 A kasāra is a confection of sweet wheat flour (see K.T. Achaya, 1994: 91; Om Prakash, 1961: 204, 217, 286). 89 See P.K. Gode (1944b: 174) for a more complete list. 90 See P.K. Gode (1944b), who quotes the description of jalebī. See on jalebī and references to it: K.T. Achaya (1994): 155. 91 See CBORI XVI, 1, Nr. 131. 92 See CBORI XVI, 1, Nr. 131. 93 CC I, 413; II, 175: Bhīmasena of Kirātanagarī, author of *Pākāśastra* or *Sūpaśāstra*. NCC XII, 2. Check-list Nr. 828: *Sūpaśāstra* by Bhīmasena. STMI 39: *Sūpaśāstra* by Bhīmasena; the text is followed by an explanation in Kannaḍa. Cat. Madras Nr. 13381: *Sūpaśāstra* or *Sūpatantra* by Bhīmasena. Kavīndracāryasūcipatram, Nr. 1054: *Bhīmapāka*. AVI 445: *Sūpaśāstra* by Bhīmasena. 94 STMI 39. 95 Cat. Madras Nr. 13381. 96 Not Kirāta, as Th. Aufrecht records (CC I, 413). 97 Cat. Madras Nr. 13381. 98 See the Virāṭaparvan of the Mahābhārata. 99 CC II, 187 and 215. STMI 39. AVI 425. 100 CC: not recorded. STMI 39. 101 CC I, 413 and 612. See also the *Bhīma(sena)vinoda*: Dāmodara. 102 STMI 39. 103 NCC XII, 2. 104 CC and NCC: not recorded. Check-list Nr. 534. STMI 91. CBORI XVI, 1, Nr. 130. 105 CBORI XVI, 1, Nr. 130. 106 CBORI XVI, 1, Nr. 130. 107 NCC XII, 3.

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108 NCC: not recorded. AVI 445. 109 NCC XII, 3. 110 NCC XII, 3. 111 CBORI XVI, 1, Nrs. 133 (Cat. München Nr. 392 is a copy of this MS; ahiphena is mentioned) and 134 (cobacīnī occurs in it): said to be the same as the pākavalyadhikāra of Mādhava's *Āyurvedaprakāśa*; Nr. 135. Cat. BHU Nrs. 89 and 90: the pākāvalī chapter of Mādhava's *Āyurvedaprakāśa*; Cat. BHU Nr. 91. Cat. Calcutta Sanskrit College X, Nr. 8 (forming part of an *Āyurvedaprakāśa*). Cat. IO Nrs. 2728 and 2729. Cat. Sarasvati Bhavan XII, Nrs. 44810, 44933, 44934, 44935, 45047, 45225, 45305; Nr. 44932 is by Harivaṃśātmaja, Nr. 45352 by Mādhava. Cat. Tanjore Nr. 11236 (cf. A.C. Burnell, 1880: 69): two versions are known, the bṛhatī and the laghvī (CC I, 332). Bodleian d.742(4) (see D. Wujastyk, 1990: 99). 112 Edited by Paṇḍit Viśveśvaradayālu Vaidyarāj, Śrīharihara Press, Barālokpur, Iṭāvā 1951/52. References are to page numbers of this edition. 113 A synonym of mahānimba. 114 Dviparṇī is identified as *Zizyphus mauritiana* Lam. (see M. Abdul Kareem, 1997, Nr. 1750). 115 Its synonym, hemasāgara, is regarded as one of the names of *Kalanchoe laciniata* (Linn.) DC. (WIRM V, 315). Compare M. Abdul Kareem (1997), Nr. 983. 116 Identified as species of *Iris* (see M. Abdul Kareem, 1997, Nrs. 933 and 935). 117 NCC XII, 3. 118 NCC XII, 3. 119 NCC IV, 247. STMI 103. 120 NCC IX, 46; XII, 2. AVI 445. Probably the same as a work called *Pākavidhinighaṇṭu* (Check-list Nr. 537). 121 CC I, 731.

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122 Yogaratnasamuccaya 8.83cd–85ab (the properties of tauṣāra and haima water), 312cd (rājikā), 328cd–329 (yavāgū), 342cd–344ab (phalaudana), 459–460ab (the flesh of mūṣika, śuklamūṣika, undura), 468ab (the flesh of udakkukṭikā = jalakkukṭī), 469cd–470ab (the flesh and eggs of turtles), 482cd–483ab (rohita fish), 483cd–494ab (various fishes), 512cd–513ab (raktabāṣpa), 513cd–515ab (amla-, harita-, jala-, mahābāṣpa), 529cd–531ab (aśmajharasī, jharasī, saptalā), 572cd–573ab (lakṣmī), 580–581 (śramaṇī), 585 (gauḍī), 591cd–592ab (flowers and sprouts of kimśuka), 592cd–593 (pīta- and śuklabarbara), 596cd–597ab (duḥsparśa), 602cd–603ab (vajravallī), 619cd–620 (kūṣmāṇḍa), 625 (alābu), 660ab (sthūlakanda), 663 (amlikā), 685cd–686ab (haritamañjarī), 743cd–744ab (tālamajjā), 750 (karkandhu); 9.553 (a khala against fever); 14.194 (a khala against diarrhoea), 310–314 (prescriptions against grahaṇī), 315 (an agnidīptikara khala); 18.185 (a prescription against swelling) and 236 (a khala against swelling). 123 Ad Ca.Sū.2.17 (on the preparation of vilepī, maṇḍa, yavāgū); Ci.3.190cd–194ab (on rasa); Si.1.11cd–12ab (on kṛta- and akṛtarasa). 124 Ad Su.Sū.46.353cd–356ab (on parīuṣka māṃsa). 125 Ad Ca.Ci.24.10–20 (cookery is called sūdaśāstra). 126 CC I, 731. Ad Amarakoṣa II.9.44 (on the preparation of a rasālā). 127 Niścala quotes Nalanṛpati's *Sūdaśāstra* and the *Sūdaśāstra*. The latter work is cited ad Cakradatta, jvara 33–32 and 44; rājayakṣman 13–15;

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madātyaya 15 (on the preparation of a pānaka); āmavāta 61–65 (on siṃdāsamdhāna, popular in Tirabhukti); vamana 14 (on yūṣa, also called rasa). Cakra borrowed jvara 32 and rājayakṣman 15 from the Sūdaśāstra according to Niścala. 128 CC I, 713. 129 Ad Ca.Sū.15.16 (on the preparation of audakalavaṇa). Ad Cakradatta, yakṣman 6–7 (on rasa); madātyaya 15 (on drākṣāpānaka); śiroroga 51 (on madhumastaka); vamana 16 (on kṛta- and akṛtarasa). 130 Ad A.h.Sū.3.30cd–32ab (on rasa); 5.50ab (on yāsaśarkarā); 6.29–30ab (on audana) and 104cd–106ab (on śālana); 18.29 (on kṛta- and akṛtayūṣa). 131 Ad Vṛnda's Siddhayoga 18.18 (on drākṣāpānaka) and 62.45 (on varieties of bhakṣya). 132 Ṭoḍara IV: 8.43 (on the preparation of yūṣa). 133 See Niścala ad Cakradatta, jvara 31–32. 134 CC: an anonymous work of this title is not recorded. STMI 216. Compare Bhīmasena's Pākaśāstra. The Sūpaśāstra of Maṅgarasā, written in Kannaḍa, has been *edited (together with extracts from a number of other works, listed by K.T. Achaya, 1994: 250) by S.N. Krishna Jois, University of Mysore, 1969. Compare: C.G. Kashikar 166: a work in forty-five verses with Kannaḍa commentary; Shanta Devi (1951). Another Sūpaśāstra forms chapter eight of Cāvuṇḍarāya's Lokopakāra; this Kannaḍa author was a Jain poet, living about A.D. 1025 (see K.T. Achaya, 1994: 118, 120 and 250); compare Cat. Mysore XIII, Nrs. 42935–36: Sūpaśāstra by Cāvuṇḍarāya, in Kannaḍa. 135 A Sūpakāragrantha is referred to. 136 Ad Siddhamantra 12cd–15ab.

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Works on nāḍīśāstra

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1 See the quotations (in Sanskrit) in G.P. Upadhyay (1997). 2 NCC: not recorded. Edition: Indian science of pulse (Bhāratīyanāḍīvijñāna), compiled in Sanskrit by Rajvaidya Kaviraj Prabhakar Chatterjee, M.A., Jyotirbhusan, Visagacharya, Principal, Calcutta College of Ayurveda, with English translation by the author, Calcutta 1934. References are to page numbers of the edition. 3 The only source indicated is Dattarāma's Nāḍīdarpaṇa; fourteen ślokas (30–43) are borrowed from it. 4 Bhūdharabhaṭṭa's Nāḍījñānadarpaṇa may also have been one of the author's sources, since some verses on pages 9–10 are identical with Nāḍījñānadarpaṇa 56–59 and most of the stanzas on page 22 with verses 50–53 of the same work. 5 See p.28. 6 Compare Nāḍījñānadarpaṇa 63–65. 7 This view was put forward by Dattarāma in his Nāḍīdarpaṇa. 8 Diseases included in this list are, e.g., yonivyāpad and (yoni)kanda (86), somaroga (87), masūrikā and romāntikā (88), plīhajvara (91), udañmeha (96), and vradhna (97). The longest list known to me of characteristics of the pulse in various diseases is found in a series of articles by Ekendranath Ghosh in the Journal of Ayurveda 4 (1927–28), 453–460; 5 (1928–29), 13–20, 66–75, 340–347; 6 (1929–30), 104–111, 151–158, 166–176, 260–269, 334–340, 454–463; 7 (1930–31), 12–19, 50–60 (more articles belonging to this series were apparently published in earlier volumes of the Journal of Ayurveda). 9 CC: not recorded. Cat. Mysore XIII, Nr. 42135. 10 NCC: not recorded.

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*Deccan College, Pune, MS Nr. 7587 (see D.V. Pandit Rao, 1984). P.M. Jinavijaya (1976): Serial Nr. 2743, Accession Nr. 22027. 11 NCC X, 29. See on this work: S. Upadhyaya (1986): 40. 12 NCC X, 27: title Nāḍivijñānīya. STMI 151: title Nāḍivijñānīya. Cat. Tanjore Nr. 11193: title Nāḍivijñānīya. S. Upadhyaya (1986: 40) mentions that a copy of the Tanjore MS has been deposited in the Vaṅgīya Sāhitya Pariṣad. Edition: Nāḍicakram (with Tamil translation and an Introduction in Tamil), ed. by K. Vāsudevaśāstrī and K.S. Subrahmanyaśāstrī, Saraswati Mahal Library Series No. 68, *1st ed., Tanjore 1955; 2nd ed., Tanjore 1990. The edition is based on MS Nr. 11193 of Cat. Tanjore. References are to the 2nd ed. The title, Nāḍīcakra, is mentioned in verses four and nine, as well as in the colophon. 13 Compare on the contents: S. Upadhyaya (1986): 40–41. 14 This number is mentioned in the Haṭhayogapradīpikā (4.18) and many Tantric works (see, e.g., M. Eliade, 1960: 240; D. Snellgrove, 1987: I, 296). Other numbers are also found (see A. Avalon, 1953: 110; M. Eliade, 1960: 240; O.P. Jaggi, 1973: V, 62). 15 Karṇika is one of the sources of the Nāḍīvijñāna (NCC III, 186). 16 The diseases revealed by these methods are called sparśa-, praśna-, and darśanaroga, terms unknown from the classical āyurvedic literature. 17 The tastes enumerated are kaṭu, tikta, uṣṇa, lavaṇa, madhura, and amla; kaṣāya is omitted and replaced by uṣṇa, which is a vīrya in āyurvedic theory. 18 Probably nocturnal emissions.

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19 Literally: the coming out of (part of) the intestine. This disorder may be a prolapsus. 20 See Su.Ni.1.80 on pādadāha. See also: J. Grierson (1826). 21 An otherwise unknown term. 22 An otherwise unknown disease; it may be the same as ādhmāna (tympanitis). 23 See about the kanda: A. Avalon (1953): 148, 320. 24 See on these three nāḍīs: Ṣaṭcakranirūpaṇa 1 and the commentary of Kālicaraṇa (see A. Avalon, 1953: 320–326 and the corresponding Sanskrit text). See also S. Dasgupta (1975): II, 352–355. 25 See on this subject: A. Shanmuga Velan (1963): 64. 26 See on this subject: E. Ghosh (1928). 27 Āyurvedic theory does not connect the sour taste with kapha, nor the saline taste with pitta. 28 Related names of a group of ten nāḍīs are found in other texts on nāḍīśāstra; see, for example, the Nāḍījñānadarpaṇa. A group of ten main nāḍīs is frequent in Tantric literature, but other numbers are also recorded, for example, fourteen (Śivasamhitā 2.13–15), twenty-four, thirty-two, and seventy-two (see D. Snellgrove, 1987: I, 296). See on the nāḍī system and its interpretation: S. Dasgupta (1975): II, 352–355; S.B. Das Gupta (1974): 153–158; A. Roy (1930). 29 See on the six cakras: Ṣaṭcakranirūpaṇa and its commentary (edited and translated by A. Avalon, 1953). See also: A. Avalon (1953): 103–180; S. Dasgupta (1975): II, 355–357; B. Seal (1985): 219–225. 30 The diseases located in the seven layers are sidhman, alasa, carma(kuṣṭha), kilāsa, kuṣṭha, gaṇḍamālā, and vidradhi.

v4.c60.8.4

Compare Ca.Śa.7.4, Su.Śā.4.4, A.Śā.5.17, which disagree with the Nāḍicakra. 31 Fever is said to be of sixteen types: seven doṣic varieties, five irregular fevers, and four āgantu fevers. 32 These verses on udāvarta are from an unidentified source. 33 These verses are from an unknown source. Verse 272 enumerates four garbharogas: upaviṣṭakagarbhaka, nāgodara, mallaka, and mūdhagarbha. 34 The lowest of the cakras. See A. Avalon (1953): 154, 331–356; S. Dasgupta (1975): II, 355; O.P. Jaggi (1973): V, 64. 35 I.e., the anāhatacakra. 36 The Haṭhayogapradīpikā (4.73) mentions a viṣṇugranthi at the throat, where the viśuddhacakra is located. R.K. Sen (1966: 363) says that the anāhatacakra is called viṣṇugranthi (= harigranthi), while the ājñācakra is known as rudragranthi. 37 The uppermost of the cakras. See A. Avalon (1953): 420–459; O.P. Jaggi (1973): V, 64–65. 38 C. Dwarkanath (1991: 43 and 157) placed the work in the twelfth century, much earlier than the Śārṅgadharasaṃhitā, composed, in his opinion, in the first part of the fourteenth century. 39 NCC: not recorded. Cat. Mysore XIII, Nrs. 41891 and 41893. 40 NCC X, 27. Cat. Mysore XIII, Nr. 41890: catalogued under the title Nāḍīcakra, but the first line indicates that it should be called Nāḍicakranirṇaya. 41 NCC X, 27. Cat. Madras Nr. 13341. Cat. Mysore XIII, Nr.

v4.c60.8.5

41892: catalogued under the title Nāḍicakranidāna, but the colophon indicates that it is chapter eleven, called Nāḍicakravidhi, of the Jñānayogakhaṇḍa of the Śrīsūtasamhitā, i.e. the Sūtasamhitā of the Skandapurāṇa (see CC I, 730; III, 150).

v4.c60.9

42 NCC: not recorded. AVI 250. Bhagvat Sinh Jee 210. Editions: a in vol. II of the Bṛhannighaṇṭuratnākara, Bombay 1896/97, 791–850. b Lakṣmīveṅkaṭeśvar Press, Bombay 1919 [IO.San.D.225(j)]. *c under the title Nāḍinidāna, with a Telugu translation by Sri Nori Gurulinga Sastry, publ. by Barur Tyagaraya Sastrulu and Sons, Madras 1923. d nāḍidarpaṇaḥ, pāthakajñātīyamathuraśrīkṛṣṇalālatanayadattarāmeṇa saṅkalitaḥ, svakṛtabhāṣāṭīkayā vibhūṣitaḥ saṃśodhitaḥ ca, Gaṅgāviṣṇu Śrīkṛṣṇadāsa Prakāśana, Bombay 1989 (probably a reprint of b). Excerpts from the Nāḍidarpaṇa, accompanied by an English translation, are found in S.K. Ramachandra Rao (1987): III, 130–133. References are to ed. a. The title of the treatise is mentioned at 1.2. 43 The author mentions his name at 1.2. 44 See the introductory verse. 45 This classification is also found in other nāḍī-texts. 46 The same number is found in the Nāḍījñānaprakāśikā, but the most common number is 72,000. 47 See on the contents also: B. Rama Rao (1974a): 141–144. 48 Bhāratīyanāḍīvijñāna I, Calcutta 1934, 30–34. 49 See 1.2. 50 NCC X, 27: med.(?). 51 NCC X, 27. 52 NCC II, 66–67 and X, 27. R. Mitra’s Notices I, Nr. 202. A Nāḍījñāna has been edited: (a) Vartamāna-taraṅgiṇī Press, Madras 1878 [IO.San.B.323]; *2nd. ed., Madras 1880. (b) with Telugu interpretation, Nāḍījñānaprakāśikā, Ādi-sarasvatī-nilaya Press, Madras 1914 [IO.San.B.163]; Hindū-ratnākara Press, Madras 1920 [IO.San.D.332(i)]. 53 NCC: not recorded. Edition: śrīmadbhūdharabhaṭṭasaṃgṛhīto nāḍījñānadarpaṇaḥ, āyurvedācārya paṇḍita jīvanacandra kāvyatīrthakṛtayā bhāṣāṭīkayā ṭikitaḥ, Paṇḍita-pustakālaya, Kāśī 1949. 54 The examination of the face, voice and skin, omitted by the author, is supplied by the Hindī commentator. 55 The hypoglossal nerves of the cervical plexus (A. Avalon, 1953: 114; B. Seal, 1985: 227). 56 The nerves of the sacral plexus (A. Avalon, 1953: 114; B. Seal, 1985: 228). 57 A connected chain of cervical and lumbar nerves (A. Avalon, 1953: 114; B. Seal, 1985: 227). 58 A nerve supposed to connect the eyes and the toes. 59 The radial nerve of the brachial plexus supposed to continue on to certain branches of the great sciatic (A. Avalon, 1953: 114; B. Seal, 1985: 228). 60 The nerves of the lumbar plexus (A. Avalon, 1953: 114; B. Seal, 1985: 228). 61 The pudic nerve of the sacral plexus (A. Avalon, 1953: 114; B. Seal, 1985: 227). 62 The auricular branch of the cervical plexus on the left (A. Avalon, 1953: 114; B. Seal, 1985: 228). See on Śaṅkhinī also: R.K. Sen (1966): 430. 63 The auricular branch of the cervical plexus on the right (A. Avalon, 1953: 114; B. Seal, 1985: 227). 64 The coccygeal nerves (A. Avalon, 1953: 114; B. Seal, 1985: 228). 65 A nerve supposed to connect the eyes and the toes.

v4.c60.10

66 These names are also found in the Nāḍijñānaprakāśikā, Nāḍinidāna, Nāḍiśāstrasamgraha, and Śivasamhitā (S. Upadhyaya, 1986: 37–38).

v4.c60.11

67 These frequencies are, in both males and females (according to the interpretation of the Hindi commentator): 56 to the pala (2 1/2 pala = 1 minute) in the first year of life, 50 in the second and third year, 40 from four to seven years of age, 36 from sixteen to thirty-five, 29 from thirty-six to fifty, and 28 from fifty-one to eighty; after eighty the frequency increases to 31 in men and 33 in women.

v4.c60.12

68 NCC X, 27; a work of the same title on yoga forms part of the Gorakṣasamhitā (NCC VI, 178; X, 28).

v4.c60.13

69 NCC: not recorded. Edited, with Bengali translation, by Upendranātha Mukhopādhyāya, Vasumatī Press, Calcutta 1930 [IO.San.B.1137(g)].

v4.c60.14

70 NCC: not recorded. *Edited at Madras, 1880 (see ZDMG 37, 1883, 43).

v4.c60.15

71 References are to the excerpts from the work in S.K. Ramachandra Rao (1987): III, 138–144.

v4.c60.16

72 The same number is found in the Nāḍidarpaṇa.

v4.c60.17

73 Compare the Nāḍijñānadarpaṇa.

v4.c60.18

74 This group of ten is also enumerated, for example, in the Gheraṇḍasamhitā (5.60), which specifies their functions; nāga is associated with belching (udgāra), kūrma with the opening of the eyelids (unmīlana), kṛkara with sneezing (kṣut), devadatta with yawning (vijṛmbhaṇa), while dhanañjaya pervades the whole body and does not even leave it after death (5.63–64).

v4.c60.19

75 The meaning of Rāvaṇā is not clear. S.K. Ramachandra Rao supposes it to be an error for Vāruṇī.

v4.c60.20

76 See on the devayāna, the way of the gods, a term connected with the doctrine of transmission: S. Dasgupta (1975): I, 34, 54, 58; A.B. Keith (1976): 575–576; A.A. Macdonell and A.B. Keith (1967). Devayāna is also supposed to denote the northern course of the sun (see A.B. Keith, 1976: 14–15; A.A. Macdonell and A.B. Keith, 1967).

v4.c60.21

77 See on the pitṛyāna, the way of the fathers, which leads a soul after death ultimately to the moon (soma): S. Dasgupta (1975): I, 34, 54, 58; A.B. Keith (1976): 575–576; A.A. Macdonell and A.B. Keith (1967). Pitṛyāna is also supposed to denote the southern course of the sun (see A.B. Keith, 1976: 14–15; A.A. Macdonell and A.B. Keith, 1967).

v4.c60.22

78 The meaning of kāṇḍa is not clear. S.K. Ramachandra Rao renders it as the two shoulder joints.

v4.c60.23

79 The name ākuñcanakarī suggests that it is connected with contraction.

v4.c60.24

80 This name suggests that it is connected with extension.

v4.c60.25

81 NCC: not recorded. Edition: Sanskrit text with Bengali translation, notes and supplements, Calcutta 1918 [BL.14044.a.1(2)].

v4.c60.26

82 NCC: not recorded. Edition: Nāḍijñānaśikṣā, compiled by Haralāla Gupta, with Bengali translation, Kalika Press, Calcutta 1910 [IO.3402].

v4.c60.27

83 NCC: not recorded. Editions: a With Hindi translation, Jagadīśvara Press, Bombay 1876 [IO.1001]. b With Marāṭhī translation, Satya-śodhaka Press, Ratnagiri 1880 [IO.412]. c Nāḍijñānatarangiṇī, together with Anupānatarangiṇī, with Gujarātī translation by Kṛṣṇalāla and Pūrṇacandra Śarman, Granthodaya Press, Ahmedabad 1899 [IO.2.F.33]. *d Nāḍijñānatarangiṇī, together with Anupānatarangiṇī, Bombay 1923/24. e Nāḍijñānatarangiṇī, together with Anupānatarangiṇī, Āditya Press, Ahmedabad 1929 [IO.San.B.972].

v4.c60.28

f Paṇḍita sītārāmātmajaraghunāthaprasādasukulaviracitā nāḍijñānatarangiṇī tathā anupānatarangiṇī bhāṣānuvādasamalamkṛtā, 2nd ed., (Raja) Ram Kumar Press, Lucknow 1950/51. g Nāḍijñānatarangiṇī, together with Anupānatarangiṇī and Kālajñāna, with Gujarātī translation, Prajābandhu Printing Works, Ahmedabad 1968 [IO.2.F.39]. References are to ed. f. The Nāḍijñānatarangiṇī forms part of an Āyurvedasudhākara by Raghunāthaprasāda (see P. Natha and J.B. Chaudhuri, 1953: 1681).

v4.c60.29

84 See the Nāḍijñānaprakāśikā and Kaṇāda’s Nāḍivijñāna.

v4.c60.30

85 Cf. Nāḍijñānaprakāśikā 71–72.

v4.c60.31

86 The frequency of the beats is 56 in the first pala (= 1/60th ghaṭī; 1 ghaṭī = 24 minutes) after birth; 54 to the pala until the end of the first year of life; 44 in the second year; 40 in the third year; 36 from the fourth until the end of the seventh year; 34 from the eighth until the end of the fourteenth year; 32 in persons 15–30 years of age; 30 in persons 31–50 years of age; 24 in persons 51–80 years of age.

v4.c60.32

87 Stanza 9.

v4.c60.33

88 Stanzas 97–100. The same author wrote a Śakunajñānatarangiṇī (see the introduction to the Hindi translation of the Nāḍijñānatarangiṇī). Verses twenty-one and twenty-two mention the author’s name, his kula (Manohara), and his place of origin (Campā).

v4.c60.34

89 The first edition of the work dates from 1876.

v4.c60.35

90 NCC: not recorded. Edited, together with Raghunātha Paṇḍita’s Cikitsāmañjarī, by S.L. Katre, Scindia Oriental Series No. 4, Ujjain 1959. The title is mentioned in verse two.

v4.c60.36

91 See on the author: Raghunātha’s Cikitsāmañjarī. Verses twenty-one and twenty-two mention the author’s name, his kula (Manohara), and his place of origin (Campā).

v4.c60.37

92 The examination of the pulse is not described in the Carakasamhitā.

v4.c60.38

93 NCC: not recorded. ABI 330: a work from Southern India.

v4.c60.39

⁹⁴ NCC: not recorded. Cat. Mysore XIII, Nrs. 41888–89.

v4.c60.40

⁹⁵ NCC X, 29: different texts; VIII, 313: Nāḍilakṣaṇa (based on Dattātreya’s work). Cat. Madras Nr. 13153 (this treatise begins with some well-known verses on the subject; Nandin is referred to). Cat. Mysore XIII records five MSS (Nrs. 41918–22) under the title Nāḍilakṣaṇa; Nr. 91418 is the (Dattātreya) Nāḍividhāna, Nr. 91421 is a Ṣaḍvidhanāḍilakṣaṇa. A Nāḍilakṣaṇa, also called Nāḍiparīkṣā, has been edited, with an Oriya translation, Candrodaya Press, Cuttack 1916 [IO.San.B.156(i)].

v4.c60.41

⁹⁶ CC: not recorded. Cat Mysore XIII, Nr. 91421.

v4.c60.42

⁹⁷ NCC X, 29.

v4.c60.43

⁹⁸ NCC X, 29.

v4.c60.44

⁹⁹ NCC X, 29.

v4.c60.45

¹⁰⁰ NCC II, 213: Nāḍinakṣatramālā by Āśvinīdeva; V, 2: the (Nāḍinidāna or Nāḍinirṇaya is also known as Nāḍinakṣatramālā; X, 28: a work on jyotiṣa. ABI 330: a medical treatise on nāḍīparīkṣā from Southern India. *Editions: a Madras 1880 (see ZDMG 37, 1883, 43). b with Malayalam commentary by Veṅkaṭācala Śāstrin, Vidyākalpataru Press, Palghat 1889 [IO.1487]. c with commentary by Kṛṣṇa Sūri, Hindū-ratnākara Press, Madras 1920 [IO.San.D.332(j)]; the text of this edition is also found, accompanied by an English translation and Kṛṣṇa Sūri’s commentary, in S.K. Ramachandra Rao (1987): III, 144–149.

v4.c60.46

¹⁰¹ References are to the text, accompanied by Kṛṣṇa Sūri’s commentary, in S.K. Ramachandra Rao (1987): III (see ed. c).

v4.c60.47

102 The distinction of disorders by vāta and pitta on the one side, pitta and vāta on the other, and the corresponding distinctions which follow, are rare in āyurvedic literature. The vāta pulse touches the pitta pulse in a disorder by vāta and pitta, whereas the pitta pulse touches the vāta pulse in a disorder by pitta and vāta. 103 The commentator calls this pulse, occurring in fever, viṣamasamkalitanāḍī. 104 The commentator remarks that these disorders of the tongue, etc., are found in the Cintāmaṇi and the Vāhaṭagrantha. 105 The commentator refers to works called Ratnākara and Vāhaṭagrantha. 106 The five main characteristics are: manda manda, śithila śithila, vyākula vyākula, sthitvā sthitvā, and tvaritagamana. 107 See on this author: Nāḍīnidāna. 108 NCC I, 444 and X, 28: may form part of the Aśvinikumārasaṃhitā; two commentaries are known, one anonymous and the other by Kṛṣṇasūri; Kṛṣṇasūri, son and disciple of Gopālācārya and grandson of Kṛṣṇasūri (Kṛṣṇārya) of Śāntalūri family, was born in A.D. 1770 and wrote, apart from this commentary, a commentary on the Nāḍīnirṇaya and various other works. V.P.P. Śāstrī (1984: 392) records a MS of the Nāḍīnirṇaya dating from A.D. 1755/56. Cat. Madras Nr. 13151: aṣṭasthānaparīkṣā is referred to in the beginning of the text. NCC X, 28: Nāḍīnidāna, anonymous. Compare Nāḍīnakṣatramālā and Nāḍīnidāna. 109 NCC: not recorded. Cat. Mysore Nrs. 41903–05. Cat. Mysore Nr. 41909: Nāḍīnirṇayavyākhyā. JAI 181: in forty-one verses; mūtra-, netra-, mukha-, and jihvāparīkṣā are also mentioned. Compare Nāḍīnakṣatramālā and Nāḍīnidāna. 110 NCC X, 28: a tantric work. AVI 250. Check-list Nr. 464. 111 NCC: not recorded. Edited, with Telugu transl., Śrī Merī Press, Rajahmundry 1926 [IO.San.D.947(k)]. 112 NCC, X 291. 113 NCC I, 414 and X, 28: in Prakrit verses. A.B. Keith (1935): 746–747 (Nr. 6237). 114 NCC VIII, 313 and X, 28. Dattātreya is quoted in Jīvānandavidyāsāgara's commentary on Kaṇāda's Nāḍīvijñāna and in Kapilamiśra's Nāḍīprabodhana (S. Upadhyaya, 1986: 42). The Dattātreyasaṃhitā was one of Śaṃkarasena's sources in the composition of his Nāḍīprakāśa. An anonymous Nāḍītantra (Cat. Mysore XIII, Nr. 81900) refers to Dattātreya's views on nāḍīlakṣaṇa. See also Nāḍīlakṣaṇa, -tantra, -tantravidhi, -tattvavidhi, and -vidhāna. 115 NCC VIII, 10 and X, 28. 116 See on this author and his works: commentaries on the Carakasaṃhitā. 117 NCC VI, 150 and X, 28. Compare Nāḍīprakāśa by Govinda. 118 NCC X, 28: also called Nāḍīnirṇaya, -prakaraṇa, -prakāśa, and -vijñāna by Kaṇāda. See Kaṇāda's Nāḍīvijñāna. 119 NCC X, 28: by Mandhara(?). 120 NCC X, 28. Mārkaṇḍeya is mentioned as a source in the Nāḍīśāstrasaṃgraha (Cat. Madras Nr. 13155; HIM II, 500; S. Upadhyaya, 1986: 42). See: Mārkaṇḍeya. 121 NCC: not recorded. Cat. Mysore XIII, Nr. 41911: jihvā- and mūtraparīkṣā are also described. 122 NCC: not recorded. V.P.P. Śāstrī (1984): 388. H.D. Velankar (1944): I, 210. Compare: Pūjyapāda. See also: Ugrāditya's Kalyāṇakāraka. 123 NCC X, 28: composed in A.D. 1442/43 (see S.L. Katre, 1947: author's name Rāma Vājapeyin). Gambier-Parry Nr. 47. the son of Saṃrāt Agnicit Somayājin and an inhabitant of Orissa, composed his work in A.D. 1348/49 according to P. Peterson (Preface

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24). Compare Nāḍīprabodha of Rāmacandra, which may be the same treatise. See G.V. Devasthali (1945). 124 NCC X, 28–29. Editions: a by Vināyaka Padmākara Jośī, Āyurvediya-granthamālā Nr. 5, Nirṇaya Sāgara Press, Bombay 1912 [BL.14044.bb.4.(2); IO.San.C.303]. (a¹) ed., together with Bhoja's Rājamārtaṇḍa, by Vaidya Jādavji Tricumjī Ācārya, Āyurvediyagranthamālā Nrs. 4, 5, Nirṇayasāgara Press, Bombay 1912 [IO.San.C.303; 26.C.31]. (a²) śrīrāvaṇakṛtā nāḍīparīkṣā, jyotirvitpadmākaratanūjavināyakaśarmaṇā saṃśodhitā, ācāryopāhvena trivikramātmajena yādavaśarmaṇā prakāśitā, Āyurvediyagranthamālā pañcamaṃ puṣpam, 1924 (together with puṣpa 4, 8, 9). b ed., with a Sanskrit commentary by the editor, in Satyadeva's Vāsiṣṭha's Nāḍī-tattvadarśana, 2nd ed., Rohtak 1968, 224–317; *ed. 1983. c śrīrāvaṇakṛtā nāḍī-parīkṣā, ‘vaidyapriyā’ bhāṣāṭīkopetā, ṭīkākāraḥ bhiṣagratna śrībrahmaśaṅkaramiśraḥ, 5th ed., Haridāsa Saṃskṛta Granthamālā 141, Vārāṇasī 1970. *d rāvaṇakṛtā nāḍīparīkṣā, ‘vaidyaprabhā’ bhāṣāṭīkā sahitā, vyākhyākāra indradeva tripāṭhī, Jayakṛṣṇadāsa Āyurveda Granthamālā, Vārāṇasī 1976. e ācārya rāvaṇakṛtā nāḍī parīkṣā, savimarśa ‘siddhidā’ bhāṣā-ṭīkā-samanvitā, ṭīkākār: Dr. Govindaprasād Upādhyāy, Kṛṣṇadās Ayurved Sirij 26, Kṛṣṇadās Akādamī, 1st ed., Vārāṇasī 1991. References are to c. 125 Nandi(n) is referred to in iatrochemical texts; he is also one of the Tamil Siddhas. Compare Nandikeśvara's Netraprakāśikā. 126 Āḍhamalla quotes (ad Śārṅgadharasaṃhitā I.3.1), without referring to his source, verses which are almost identical with Nāḍīparīkṣā 3 and 4; Kāśīrāma quotes (ad Śārṅgadharasaṃhitā I.3.6–9ab) a verse that is very close to Rāvaṇa 32, but also to Kaṇāda's Nāḍīvijñāna 50. 127 Editions: a nāḍī-tattva-darśanam (rāvaṇīyanāḍī-vivṛti-vimarśa-sahitam), praṇetā: śrīpaṇḍita-satyadevo vāsiṣṭhaḥ, 2nd ed., Rohtak 1968, 224–317. *b ed. Hariyāṇā 1990. 128 CC I, 301 and 358; III, 76: a work on jyotiḥśāstra. NCC XIII, 98. 129 See the commentary ad 10. Compare the references to a guru in the comments ad 5, 9 (a quotation in verse), 10. Another teacher was Pūrṇacandra Tripāṭhī, pupil of Sudhākara Dvivedī (34). 130 Rāvaṇa's treatise has also, variants disregarded, some verses in common with Kaṇāda's work. E.g., 27ab = Kaṇāda's Nāḍīvijñāna 106; 29ab = 102ab; 32 = 50; 52 = 92; 72 = 31; 73 = 41; 74 = 30; 75 = 34. Some verses are also found in the Śārṅgadharasaṃhitā: Rāvaṇa 7 = Śārṅga I.3.1; 20ab = 4ab. 131 See on the contents of Rāvaṇa's Nāḍīparīkṣā also S. Upadhyaya (1986): 75–86. 132 C. Dwarkanath (1991: 155) supposed that the author was the Siddhācārya Rāvaṇa, mentioned in the Ānandakanda (the name of this Rasasiddha is, however, Revaṇa), who, in his opinion, lived between the tenth and thirteenth centuries and belonged to the Nandi school of pulse specialists. See about other works attributed to Rāvaṇa: Kumāratantra. 133 The verses of Rāvaṇa which are already found in the Śārṅgadharasaṃhitā may point to a common tradition. 134 C. Dwarkanath placed the work in the twelfth century (1991: 43) or in the period between the tenth and thirteenth centuries (1991: 155).

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135 It may be that aṣṭasthānaparīkṣā, a subject frequently referred to in nāḍī-texts, has been developed in circles specialized in the examination of the pulse and was adopted later by the more traditionally orientated physicians.

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137 NCC: not recorded. Ed., together with the author's Dehatattva, Kamalākānta Press, Calcutta 1928 [IO.San.B.981(c)]. 138 NCC: not recorded. AVI 249. 139 NCC X, 28. Cat. Madras Nr. 13152. Cat. Sarasvati Bhavan XII, Nrs. 44797, 44812, 44981, 44984, 45046, 45056, 45239, 45295, 45330, 45361. Cat. Tanjore Nr. 11192. Collection Puṇyavijayaji Nrs. 63–65. R. Mitra's Notices IX, Nr. 3048: 46 verses; by a Jain author. 140 NCC X, 29. R. Mitra's Notices VI, Nr. 2016. 141 NCC: not recorded. STMI 152. 142 NCC X, 29. 143 Vājapeyin is one of the titles of Kānyakubja brāhmaṇas (see Kavīndracandrodaya, critically edited by Pandit Har Dutt Sharma and M.M. Patkar, Poona Oriental Series No. 60, Poona 1939, Intr. 6, s.v. Kṣamānanda Bājapeyin). Compare G.V. Devasthali (1945). 144 NCC X, 29: the author is mentioned by his brother Harṣa in the Aṅkayantracintāmaṇi or -vidhi, a Tantric work (NCC I, 50). STMI (176) gives the subjects of the chapters of the work and adds that some stanzas are provided with a commentary. See on the author and his works G.V. Devasthali (1945). Compare Nāḍīparīkṣā by Rāmacandra Somayājin. 145 NCC III, IV, 345; X, 29. This work is probably the same as the Nāḍīprabodhana of Kapilamiśra (see S. Upadhyaya, 1986: 42), which refers to Āgneya, Dattātreya, Gautama, Māṇḍavya, Rāmarāja, Rāvaṇa, Śaṃkarasena, and Vasiṣṭha. 146 NCC X, 29: the same as Kaṇāda's Nāḍīparīkṣā. 147 NCC X, 29 and STMI 208: from Śivadāsa's Yogasārasamuccaya. 148 NCC: not recorded. Edition: Śivājī Press, Poona 1879 [IO.996]. 149 NCC X, 29. Cat. BHU Nr. 73: seems to be a chapter of a book. 150 NCC: not recorded. Cat. BHU Nr. 72. AVI 249. P.V. Sharma (1962): 13. A Nāḍīprakāśa is quoted in Aghoranātha's commentary on his Bhiṣaksarvasva and Mauktika's Vaidyamuktāvalī. Editions: a with Bengali transl., Nava Sarasvatī Press, Calcutta 1888 [IO.1021]. b in Vedāntaratnāvalī, ed. by Maheśacandra Pāla, Nava Sarasvata Press, Calcutta 1888 [IO.1020]. 151 NCC X, 29. See on texts called Gautamiyatantra: Tāntrika Sāhitya 194. 152 NCC VI, 150 and X, 29. Cf. Nāḍīparīkṣā by Govinda. Compare NCC VI, 200: Govindaprakāśa. 153 NCC X, 29: the same as Nāḍīparīkṣā by Kaṇāda. 154 NCC: not recorded. Edition: Caitanyacandrodaya Press, Calcutta 1865 [IO.1721]. 155 NCC X, 29: earlier than Śaṃkarasena's work of the same title (which quotes it), also anterior to the Prayogāmṛta of Narasimha Kavirāja (eighteenth century), which quotes it; CC I, 518: quoted by Vaidyacintāmaṇi (in his Prayogāmṛta). The Nāḍīprakāśa quoted in Mauktika's Vaidyamuktāvalī may be Rāmarāja's work, since Śaṃkarasena's work of the same title is posterior to Mauktika. A commentary by Rāmarāja on Kaṇāda's Nāḍīvijñāna, quoted by Jīvānandavidyāsāgara in his commentary on the same work, may well be this Nāḍīprakāśa. Rāmarāja is mentioned in Kapilamiśra's Nāḍīprabodhana (S. Upadhyaya, 1986: 42). Rāmarāja's Nāḍīprakāśa is also called Nāḍīparīkṣā (ABI 320; Jaggi IV, 45; Vṛddhatrayī 470). The same author is credited with two works on rasaśāstra, the Rasadīpikā

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and Rasaratnapradīpa (CC I, 495, 496, 518, II, 116 and 121; ABI 320; Vṛddhatrayī 470). Atrideva (ABI 320) and G. Hāldār (Vṛddhatrayī 470) regard this Rāmarāja or Rāmarāya as the minister of Sadāśiva Rāya (middle of the fifteenth century) of the Vijayanagar kingdom, who was a mere puppet in the hands of his minister. Compare on Rāmarāja's identity: Rasaratnapradīpa by Rāmarāja. 156 CC II, 121. 157 NCC X, 29; X, 109 (Nārīprakāśa by Śaṃkarasena); X, 291: said to be a commentary on Kaṇāda's Nāḍīvijñāna. STMI 194. Editions: a edited, together with Kaṇāda's Nāḍīvijñāna, by Nandalāl Vidyāratna Kavirāñjana, Calcutta 1887. b Science of Sphygmica, or Sage Kaṇād on pulse, translated by Kavirāj Russick Lāl Gupta, *Calcutta 1891; repr., Indian Medical Science Series No. 6, Delhi 1987; this edition contains the Sanskrit text and a paraphrase in English of Śaṃkarasena's work. c Nari Vijnana or An exposition of the pulse by the renowned physician-sage, Sankara Sen, and the celebrated sage, Kanada, translated into English from the original Sanskrit by Kaviraj Dhurmo Dass Sen Gupta, Calcutta 1893; this edition contains the text and an English translation of Śaṃkarasena's Nāḍīprakāśa and Kaṇāda's Nāḍīvijñāna, supplemented by an essay on air, bile and phlegm, and extracts (from Caraka- and Suśrutasaṃhitā), with an English translation, on signs presaging death. d Nāḍīprakāśa by Śaṃkarasena, saṭīka, and Kaṇāda's Nāḍīvijñāna, with Bengali translation by Nagendranātha Sena, Nagendranātha Steam Printing Works, Calcutta 1914 [IO. San.807(h)]. *e Sankara Sen, Nadiprakasam with Sanskrit commentary and Bengali translation, edited by Kalipada Vidyaratna, Calcutta (see J.C. Sikdar, 1988: 49). A condensed English rendering of the Nāḍīprakāśa is found in J.C. Sikdar (1988: 89–135). References are to page numbers of b. The title of the treatise is Nāḍīprakāśa in one of the introductory verses, Dhamanīprakāśa in the concluding verses. 158 J.C. Sikdar (1988) describes the contents of three chapters, exclusively devoted to nāḍīparīkṣā. 159 The text edited by K.R.L. Gupta and that by Dhurmo Dass Sen Gupta have four chapters and also deal with other forms of parīkṣā (ārtava-, retaḥ-, mūtra-, nāsā-, āsya-, netra-, and jihvāparīkṣā) in the second half of chapter three. 160 More than sixty verses from Kaṇāda's work are found in the Nāḍīprakāśa; J.C. Sikdar's claim (1988: 68) that thirty-two verses were borrowed does not least apply to K.R.L. Gupta's text. Śaṃkarasena's quotations from Kaṇāda deviate sometimes slightly from the printed versions of the latter's work (see J.C. Sikdar, 1988: 52, 53, 54, etc.); additions to Kaṇāda's text also occur (see J.C. Sikdar, 1988: 60 and 61). 161 The contents of chapter four resemble those of texts on svarodaya or svaraśāstra. 162 Probably the work of this title ascribed to Vaidyacintāmaṇi or Narasimhakavirāja. 163 See ed. b, pages 5 and 7. 164 Probably identical with the Nāḍīprabodhaka. See S. Upadhyaya (1986): 42. 165 See H.H. Risley (1981): a synonym for Vaidya in Bengal. 166 See the concluding verses of chapter four. VśS, Preface 7: Śaṃkarasena is probably identical with Śaṃkara, the author of the Vaidyavinoda and Rasaśaṃkara. 167 J.C. Sikdar (1988): 51, 66–68. 168 See the introductory verses.

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169 J.C. Sikdar (1988): 49. 170 NCC X, 30. STMI 152: the work also deals with the examination of the eyes, tongue and urine. 171 NCC X, 29. Cat. Madras Nr. 13343. Cat. Mysore XIII, Nrs. 41929–32; MS. Nr. 41929 is in the form of a dialogue between Śiva and Pārvatī. 172 NCC X, 30. Cat. Madras Nr. 13155: the science of pulse-examination is said to have been revealed to Pārvatī by Maheśvara; the introductory verses pay homage to Vāhaṭa. The first chapter, containing nine verses, is of an introductory nature; chapter two, consisting of seventy-five verses, deals with the nāḍīcakra system; chapter three, consisting of thirty-four verses, is about the examination of the pulse; its last verse mentions the following sources: Bharadvāja, Kāśyapa, Kauśika, Kumbhasambhava (i.e., Agastya), Mārkaṇḍeya, and Vasiṣṭha (S. Upadhyaya, 1986: 42–43). 173 Cat. Mysore XIII records nine MSS under this title (Nrs. 41894–41902); Nr. 41894 forms part of a treatise by a Jain author that may have been called Mahāsārasamgraha; Nr. 41897 is a Nāḍīnidāna of a work that dealt with aṣṭasthānaparīkṣā; Nr. 41899 is a fragment of a text that also describes other forms of parīkṣā; Nr. 41900 is concerned with nāḍīparīkṣā according to the views of Dattātreya. 174 NCC X, 28: this work may form part of the Hāritasamhitā. The Hāritasamhitā, however, does not contain a chapter on nāḍīparīkṣā. 175 NCC: not recorded. ABI 330. 176 NCC VIII, 313. See Dattātreya’s Nāḍīparīkṣā. 177 NCC X, 28. 178 This may be the same work as the Nāḍitantravidhi. NCC: not recorded. Cat. Madras Nr. 13148: this treatise forms the first chapter of a medical work called Dattātreyamata. Compare HIM II, 455–456. 179 NCC: not recorded. Cat. Mysore Nr. 41924. JAI 181: probably by a Jain author; at the beginning of the work Vīra is paid homage to; it may be the same work as a Nāḍivijñāna mentioned in the *Jain sāhitya kā bṛhat itihās (V, 232). 180 NCC X, 29. 181 NCC: not recorded. Cat. Mysore XIII, Nr. 41918: catalogued under the title Nāḍilakṣaṇa, but the colophon states it to be the Dattātreyanāḍīvidhāna; MS Nr. 81900, incomplete, recorded as a Nāḍitantra, begins in the same way. 182 NCC X, 29. Cat. Madras Nrs. 13154 and 13342: the author pays homage to Vardhamāna in the introductory verses and quotes the Gadaṣamjīvinī. Cat. Mysore XIII, Nr. 41925: by a Jain author; Nrs. 41926–28. See on another anonymous Nāḍivijñāna: S. Upadhyaya (1986): 41. Editions: a Nāḍivijñāna, with Telugu paraphrase and notes by N. Guruliṅga Śāstrī, Madras 1901 [BL.14043.cc.19(1)]; *b ed., with a commentary by G.K. Ray, Hitabadi Press, Calcutta. 183 NCC: not recorded. Bhagvat Sinh Jee 211: an old treatise on the pulse. AVI 250. 184 NCC VI, 205; X, 27 and 29: alternative titles are Nāḍijñāna and -mālā. Cat. Calcutta Sanskrit College X, Nr. 36 (by Govindarāma Kavirāja). Cat. Sarasvati Bhavan XII, Nr. 45018. R. Mitra, Notices VI, part 2, Nr. 2163: 173 verses. A Govindarāma is quoted in Jīvānandavidyāsāgara’s commentary on Kaṇāda’s Nāḍivijñāna; Govindarāma wrote a commentary on that work. 185 NCC III, 125–126; X, 28–29. Editions:

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*a ed., together with Śamkarasena’s Nāḍīprakāśa, by Nandalāl Vidyāratna Kavirājana, Calcutta 1887. b Science of Sphygmica, or Sage Kaṇāda, on pulse, an English translation with Sanskrit passages (i.e., a selection from the text of Śamkara’s Nāḍīprakāśa with an explanatory paraphrase) by Kavirāj Russick Lall Gupta, Calcutta 1891 [BL.14043.b.11]; repr. Indian Medical Science Series No. 6, Delhi 1987; this is an ed. and transl. of Śamkarasena’s Nāḍīprakāśa, which contains a large part of the verses of Kaṇāda’s Nāḍivijñāna, in a changed order. bb Nari Vijnana or An exposition of the pulse by the renowned physician-sage, Sankara Sen, and the celebrated sage, Kanada, translated into English from the original Sanskrit by Kaviraj Dhurmo Dass Sen Gupta, Calcutta 1893; this edition contains the text and an English translation of Śamkarasena’s Nāḍīprakāśa and Kaṇāda’s Nāḍivijñāna, to which are added an essay called ‘On air, bile and phlegm’ and texts (taken from Caraka- and Suśrutasamhitā), accompanied by an English translation, on symptoms presaging death. c ed. by Jīvānanda Vidyāsāgara, with a Sanskrit commentary by the editor, Calcutta 1897 [BL.14043.c.37/3]. *d with a commentary by Vaidya Gaṅgādhara (containing exhaustive explanatory notes from Suśruta, Gautama, Vasiṣṭha and other authors), Calcutta 1902. e with a Sanskrit commentary by Hariharaṇātha Śāstrin, Prabhākara Press, Moradabad 1903 [IO.3624]; H. Śāstrin, a brāhmaṇa of Sārasvatavamśa, was the son of Lalitopādhyāya; he taught at the Banvārilāl Āyurvedic College at Indraprastha (see the colophon of the commentary). f with a Hindī commentary by Nārāyaṇadatta, Śrīveṅkaṭeśvar Press, Bombay 1908 [IO.San.B.809(h)]; repr., Khemrāj Śrīkṛṣṇadās Bambaī Prakāśan, Bombay 1989. g with a Hindī translation by Paṇḍit Śivadayāla Śarman, Shri Madangopal Press, Brindaban 1911 [IO.San.B.807(i)]. h together with Śamkarasena’s Nāḍīprakāśa, with Bengali translation by Nagendranāthasena, Nagendra Steam Printing Works, Calcutta 1914 [IO.San.B.807(h)]. i with an Oriya commentary, The Orissa Patriot Press, Cuttack 1917 [IO.San.B.160(a)]. j ed., with Śamkarasena’s commentary, by Devendranātha Sena and Upendranātha Senagupta, 4th ed., Calcutta 1918 [IO.San.B.237]. k nāḍivijñānam, mahāmunikaṇādaviracitam, paṇḍitakulapatinā B.A. upādhidhāriṇā śrīmajjīvānandavidyāsāgarabhaṭṭācāryeṇa viracitayā tadātmajābhyām paṇḍita-śrīmadāśubodhavidyābhūṣaṇa-paṇḍita-śrīmannatyabodhavidyāratnābhyām pratisamskṛtayā vyākhyayā samalamkṛtam tābhyām eva prakāśitam ca, 4th ed., Siddheśvara Press, Calcutta 1921 [IO.San.D.1036(e)]. l ed. in Satyadeva Vāsiṣṭha’s Nāḍī-tattva-darśanam, Rohtak 1968, 318–326. m with the ‘Vibodhini’ Hindī commentary by Prayāgadatta Jośī Āyurvedācārya, Hari-das Sanskrit Series 56, 8th ed., Vārāṇasī 1972. *n with the ‘Vidyotinī’ Hindī commentary by Indradeva Tripāṭhī, Jayakṛṣṇadāsa Āyurveda Granthamālā, Vārāṇasī 1976. o Nadivijnanam of Kanad and Nadiprakasham of Shankar Sen (Old Sanskrit treatise on the Science of Pulse with English translation), edited and translated by Dr. J.C. Sikdar, Prakrit Bharati Pushpa 47–48, Prakrit Bharati Academy, Jaipur 1988. Verses 1–30 of Kaṇāda’s Nāḍivijñāna are found, accompanied by an English translation, in S.K. Ramachandra Rao (1987): III, 133–138. References are to m.

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Kaṇāda’s Nāḍīvijñāna is said to form the first and only extant chapter of a Kaṇādasamhitā in five chapters, the subjects of the other four being roganirṇaya, kaṣāyaugha, pāradādika, and mahāvidyārasājāraṇamāraṇa (HM II, 478–480). NCC III, 125–126: Kaṇādasamhitā in five chapters, but only the Nāḍīparīkṣā or -vijñāna is found in MSS; Kaṇādasamhitā in five parts, nāḍī, roga, kaṣāya, mercury, etc.

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