一切經音義 99

English (machine translation) 99

Language: English

99.1

Compiled by the Text-Translating Śramaṇa Huilin

99.2

Sounds of the Anthology of Spreading the Clarified Law, Lower Fascicle

99.3

From [Fascicle] Twenty-Four through Thirty

99.4

Anthology of Spreading the Clarified Law, Fascicle Twenty-Four

Shatai 沙汰 (fanqie: 台 + 帶; the Guangya states: "Tai 汰 means to wash." The Kaosheng states: "To wash and rinse." The Shuowen states: "To rinse [jian 㶕]; jian 㶕 also means to wash. It has the water radical and the phonetic component tai 太." Jian 㶕 is fanqie: 簡; tao 濤 is pronounced tao 桃; dong 涷 is pronounced lian 練).

99.6

Shusu 𬞞蔌 (fanqie: 素 + 祿; the Wenzidian shuo states: "Su 蔌 is the general term for vegetables. It has the grass radical and the phonetic component shuo 欶"; shuo 欶 is fanqie: 所 + 角).

99.7

Cu'e 蹙頞 (fanqie: 安 + 葛; the Cang Jie pian states: "The bridge of the nose." The Shuowen states: "The stem of the nose. It has the head radical and the phonetic component an 安"; it is also written with the nose radical as 齃).

99.8

Weiqing 為黥 (fanqie: 劇 + 迎; the meaning was previously explained).

99.9

Suhe 傃和 (fanqie: 蘇 + 故; Zheng's commentary on the Liji states: "Su 傃 means towards." The Guangya states: "To pass through." It is also written with the movement radical as 遡).

99.10

Feiran 斐然 (fanqie: 孚 + 尾; in the Anthology it is written with the heart radical as 𱟋; no such character exists in the character dictionaries).

99.11

Qianqian 鉛槧 (fanqie: 慙 + 敢; the Kaosheng states: "Qian 槧 is the wood material for writing tablets." The Shuowen states: "A wooden tablet." The Wenzidian shuo states: "A pared wooden tablet. It has the wood radical and the phonetic component zhan 斬." In the Anthology it is written with the jian 漸 component as 槧, which is an error).

99.12

Tianmo 㥏嘿 (the first character is fanqie: 天 + 顯; the Fangyan states: "Tian 㥏 means ashamed; between the Jing, Yang, Qing, and Xu regions, being ashamed is called tian 㥏." The second character is fanqie: 忙 + 北; Gu Yewang states: "Mo 嘿 means not speaking." The Shuowen notes it is also the character mo 默. In the Anthology it is written with the heart radical as 𭟓, which is incorrect).

99.13

Xiongfu 凶訃 (fanqie: 孚 + 務; Zheng's commentary on the Liji states: "Fu 訃 means to arrive [with news of a death]").

99.14

Chuangwei 瘡痏 (fanqie: 韋 + 美; the Cang Jie pian states: "Wei 痏 means a wound." The Shuowen states it has the disease radical and the phonetic component you 有. In the Anthology it is written as 痏, which is a vulgar character).

99.15

Qinglai 清瀨 (fanqie: 來 + 帶; the Shuowen states: "Water flowing over sand. It has the water radical and the phonetic component lai 賴").

99.16

Yangyu 坱鬱 (fanqie: 惡 + 朗; Wang Yi's commentary on the Chuci states: "Yang 坱 describes foggy vapor being gloomy and obscured." The Kaosheng states: "In Wu and Yue, rising dust is called yang 坱." The Shuowen states it has the earth radical and the phonetic component yang 央).

99.17

Yangliu 泱流 (fanqie: 阿 + 儻; the Wenzidian shuo states: "Yang 泱 describes the broad expanse of water. It has the water radical and the phonetic component yang 央").

99.18

Cuanwu 巑屼 (the first character is fanqie: 徂 + 鸞; the second is fanqie: 吾 + 骨, pronounced wu 兀; the Wenzidian shuo states: "Cuanwu 巑屼 describes a high and sharp appearance." Both have the mountain radical, with zan 贊 and wu 兀 as their phonetic components).

99.19

Yinlin 嶾嶙 (the first character is fanqie: 殷 + 謹; the second is fanqie: 隣 + 軫; the Kaosheng states: "Yin 隱 means sloping down from high. Lin 嶙 describes the appearance of mountains." In the Anthology it is written as 隱, which is a vulgar character).

99.20

Yinzhen 隱賑 (fanqie: 真 + 忍; Lü Yanji's commentary on Zuo Si's 'Wudu fu' states: "Yinzhen 隱賑 means abundant." It has the cowrie radical. In the Anthology it is written with the flesh radical as 脈 and pronounced shen 慎, which is incorrect).

99.21

Xiongyong 洶涌 (fanqie: 凶 + 鞏; the Shuowen states: "Xiong 洶 also means surging; it describes water waves roiling." It has the water radical and the phonetic component xiong 匈. In the Anthology it is written as 𣳸, which is incorrect).

99.22

Caodu 漕瀆 (fanqie: 曹 + 竈).

99.23

Liuxie 澑寫 (fanqie: 留 + 救; the Kaosheng states: "The appearance of flowing water." The Shuowen states it has the water radical and the phonetic component liu 留. In the Anthology it is written as 溜, which is a vulgar character).

99.24

Gengji 綆汲 (the first character is fanqie: 耕 + 杏; Du's commentary on the Zuozhuan states: "Geng 綆 is a rope for drawing water." The Fangyan states: "East of the Pass, between Zhou, Luo, Han, and Wei, a cord is called a geng 綆." The Shuowen states it has the silk radical and the phonetic component geng 更. The second character is fanqie: 金 + 岌; the Wenzidian shuo states: "Ji 汲 means to draw water. It has the water radical and the phonetic component ji 及." In the Anthology it is written with the silk radical as ji 級, which means steps or decapitated heads, and not the drawing of water).

99.25

Guan shu 盥漱 (the first character is fanqie: 官 + 椀; the Shuowen states: "To wash the hands. It depicts hands over water above a basin." In the Anthology it is written with the water radical as 𣹉, which is incorrect. The second character is fanqie: 踈 + 救; the Wenzidian shuo states: "Using water to clean the mouth; also to rinse the mouth. It has the water radical and the phonetic component shuo 欶"; shuo 欶 is pronounced shuo 朔).

99.26

Pingyi 瓶匜 (fanqie: [必-心] + 之; Du's commentary on the Zuozhuan states: "A vessel for pouring water to wash hands." The Shuowen states: "It resembles a soup ladle, with a channel in its handle through which water can be poured. It has the fang 匚 radical as its phonetic component"; fang 匚 is pronounced fang 方).

99.27

Fenglü 楓櫖 (the first character is fanqie: 福 + 逢; the Shuowen states: "Thick leaves and weak branches that easily sway." It is also written with the forest radical as 檒. Guo's commentary on the Shanhaijing states: "It is the modern sweetgum tree [fengxiang mu 楓香木]." The second character is fanqie: 呂 + 豬; the Kaosheng states: "Zhulü 諸櫖 is the name of a tree." The Erya states: "Zhu 諸 is lü 櫖; it is the creeper [lei 虆]." Guo's commentary states: "Nowadays south of the Yangtze, the creeper is called vine [teng 藤], resembling kudzu but thicker and larger." The Wenzidian shuo states it has the wood radical and the phonetic component lü 慮. In the Anthology it is written with the component xu 虛 as 𣚛, which is incorrect. Lei 虆 is fanqie: 律 + 追; lei 虆 is also lü 櫖).

99.28

Yili 𪳀櫪 (the first character is fanqie: 懿 + 冝; the Mao commentary on the Shijing states: "The yi 椅 belongs to the catalpa family." The Han text of the Shijing states: "Having the fruit of a catalpa and the bark of a paulownia is called yi 椅." Guo's commentary on the Erya states: "It is the qiu 楸." It is also written as 𱤄. The second character is fanqie: 零 + 的; it is also written as 櫟).

99.29

Stem-connected plums and fruit-pedicels 机白蔕 (the first character is pronounced [渠 + 鳩] *qiú*. The Erya states: "*Ji* [机] refers to tied-plums." Guo [Puo]'s commentary says: "Resembles plums; the fruit is the size of a fingertip and red; it also resembles a small *nai*-apple and is edible." It is classified under the radical 木 [wood]. The bottom character is pronounced [低 + 計] *dì*. The Kaosheng says: "That to which fruits and leaves are attached is called a *di* [pedicel]." The Erya says: "For peaches and plums, it is called *di*." The Wenzidian says it takes 艸 [grass] as radical and 带 as phonetic).

99.30

Lush and clustering 橚苯䔿 (the first character is pronounced [所 + 昱] *sù*. The Kaosheng states: "*Su* [橚] is the appearance of forest trees." The Shuowen says: "The appearance of flowing water." It takes 木 [wood] as radical and 肅 as phonetic. The middle character is pronounced [盆 + 本] *běn*. The bottom character is pronounced [尊 + 損] *zǔn*. Gu Yewang says: "*Benzun* [苯䔿] means dense and tangled." The Shuowen says: "Lush clustering of vegetation." Both take 艸 [grass] as radical, with 本 and 尊 as their respective phonetics. [卄/手] is pronounced [麩 + 風] *fēng*, and 茸 is pronounced [辱 + 容] *róng*).

99.31

Glistening dew 泫露 (pronounced [玄 + 犬] *xuàn*. The Wenzidian says: "It means the glistening of dew." It takes 水 [water] as radical and 玄 as phonetic. In the anthology it is written with 貝 as radical, as 贙, but character dictionaries all state that this is the name of a beast; it does not have the meaning of *xuanlu* [glistening dew]).

99.32

Raised stalks 抗莖 (the first character is pronounced [康 + 浪] *kàng*. The Guangya states: "*Kang* [抗] means strong and tall." Du [Yu]'s commentary to the Zuo zhuan says: "To raise." The Shuowen says it takes 手 [hand] as radical with 亢 as both phonetic and meaning. The bottom character is pronounced [核 + 庚] *jīng*. The Cangjie pian says: "The stalk of a plant is called *jing*." The Shuowen says it takes 艸 [grass] as radical and 巠 as phonetic. 巠 is pronounced *jīng*).

99.33

Hatchlings [sheltered from the] rain 雨鷇 (pronounced [口 + 候] *kòu*. The Wenzidian says: "Young birds just born, emerging from the egg." It takes 鳥 [bird] as radical and 𣪊 as phonetic. 𣪊 is pronounced [苦 + 角] *kù*).

99.34

Chickens and wild ducks 鷄鶩 (pronounced [蒙 + 卜] *mù*. Guo [Puo]'s commentary to the Erya states: "*Mu* [鶩] is the mallard [wild duck]." The Wenzidian says it takes 鳥 [bird] as radical and 敄 as phonetic. 敄 is pronounced *wǔ*).

99.35

Chirping cicada 鳴蟬 (pronounced [時 + 然] *chán*. The Yueling states: "In the midsummer month, cicadas begin to chirp, their sound clear and bright." Ying Shao's commentary to the Hanshu says: "The cicada perches high and eats cleanly; its eyes are under its wings." The Shuowen says: "That which chirps with its flanks." It takes 虫 [insect] as radical and 單 as phonetic. In the anthology it is written with 玄 as 蚿, pronounced *xián*. The Kaosheng states: "*Xian* refers to a centipede; it does not have the meaning of a chirping cicada").

99.36

Flying squirrel 飛鼯 (pronounced [五 + 孤] *wú*. The Erya states: "*Wu* [鼯] is a flying squirrel." It has already been explained above).

99.37

Clamorous and noisy 嘈𠶿 (the first character is pronounced [皂 + 槽] *cáo*; the bottom character is pronounced [殘 + 怛] *cá*. The Picang states: "*Caoca* [嘈𠶿] is the appearance of clamorous noise." The Guangya has the same meaning as the Picang. The Gujin zhengzi sometimes writes it as 囐. In the anthology it is written with 贊 as 囋, pronounced [贊 + 怛] *zàn*, which is not its original sense).

99.38

Resonant wind [颱-台+(劉-刀+ㄗ)]亮 (pronounced [柳 + 舟] *liù*. The Wenzidian writes it as 飂, meaning the sound of wind, taking 風 [wind] as radical and 翏 as phonetic. In the anthology it is written as [颱-台+(劉-刀+ㄗ)], which is a vulgar character. The bottom character is pronounced [良 + 悵] *liàng*. In the anthology it is written with 口 as 喨, which is incorrect).

99.39

Looking left 左眷 (pronounced [厥 + 願] *juàn*. Kong [Anguo]'s commentary to the Shangshu states: "*Juan* [眷] means to look." The Mao Commentary to the Shijing says: "*Juan* means to look back." The Shuowen says it takes 目 [eye] as radical with 龹 as both phonetic and meaning. In the anthology it is written with 目 as 睠, which is incorrect).

99.40

Glancing right 右睇 (pronounced [提 + 帝] *dì*. Zheng [Xuan]'s commentary to the Liji states: "*Di* [睇] means to look askance." The Xia xiaozheng says: "*Di* means to cast a sidelong glance." The Gujin zhengzi states it takes 目 [eye] as radical and 弟 as phonetic).

99.41

Shuffling slippers 跕屣 (the first character is pronounced [添 + 叶] *dié*. The Kaosheng states: "To walk slowly, dragging slippers." Zhang Yan's commentary to the Shiji says: "*Die* [跕] means slippers." The Shuowen says it takes 足 [foot] as radical and 占 as phonetic. The bottom character is pronounced [師 + 滓] *xǐ*; it is also interchangeably written as 躧 or 𨃝).

99.42

Lifting the robe 摳衣 (pronounced [口 + 鈎] *kōu*. The Guangya states: "*Kou* [摳] means to lift." Gu Yewang says: "It means lifting the front of the garment with one's hands." The Shuowen says it takes 手 [hand] as radical and 區 as phonetic. 掔 is pronounced [欺 + 言] *qiān*).

99.43

Mushroom-shaped pavilion 菌榭 (the first character is pronounced [逵 + 殞] *jùn*. The bottom character is pronounced [夕 + 夜] *xiè*. The Wenzi jilüe states: "A *xie* [榭] is an open hall upon a terrace." The Shuowen says it takes 木 [wood] as radical and 射 as phonetic).

99.44

Consuming astral marrow 餌星髓 (pronounced [而 + 志] *èr*. The Cangjie pian states: "*Er* [餌] means to eat." The Shuowen says it takes 食 [food] as radical and 耳 as phonetic. In the anthology it is written with 取 as 餌 [or variant with 取], which is incorrect).

99.45

Confluent draining-waters 潀潟 (the first character is pronounced [在 + 公] *cóng*, or also [旨 + 容] *zōng*; both are acceptable. The Mao Commentary to the Shijing says: "The meeting of waters." The Sub-commentary says: "Where the water rises high on the outside." It is an associative compound character composed of 水 [water] and 衆 [multitude]).

99.46

Surging up 湓涌 (pronounced [普 + 悶] *pèn*. The Cangjie pian states: "*Pen* [湓] is the sound of water." The Gujin zhengzi states it takes 水 [water] as radical and 盆 as phonetic. In the anthology it is written with 奔 as 渀, but no such character exists).

99.47

Vast and deep 泱咽 (pronounced [於 + 黨] *yǎng*. Du [Yu]'s commentary to the Zuo zhuan says: "*Yangyang* [泱泱] is the sound of vast greatness." The Shuowen says it takes 水 [water] as radical and 央 as phonetic).

99.48

Dense bamboo grove 檀欒 (the first character is pronounced [但 + 蘭] *tán*. The bottom character is pronounced [亂 + 官] *luán*. The Shanhaijing states: "On the Mountain of Yunyu, there is a tree named *luan* [欒], with a yellow trunk, red branches, and green leaves." The Shuowen says: "The *luan* resembles the *lan*-tree." It takes 木 [wood] as radical and 䜌 as phonetic. 䜌 is pronounced *luán*).

99.49

Rustling wind 蕭䫾 (pronounced [彼 + 力] *bì*. The Guangya states: "*Bi* [䫾] means wind." The Shuowen says it takes 風 [wind] as radical and 必 as phonetic).

99.50

Field boundaries 區畛 (pronounced [之 + 忍] *zhěn*. Zheng [Xuan]'s commentary to the Zhouli states: "The fields of ten men and two hamlets." The Shuowen says: "Raised paths between well-fields." It takes 田 [field] as radical and 㐱 as phonetic. 㐱 is pronounced *zhěn*. In the anthology it is written with 尒 as 畛 [or variant], which is a vulgar character. 酇 is pronounced *zàn*).

99.51

Plump and fatty 肥𰮻 (pronounced [庾 + 朱] *yú*. The Shuowen states: "*Yu* [腴] also means fatty." It takes 肉 [flesh] as radical and 臾 as phonetic).

99.52

Winter mulberries 冬葚 (pronounced [時 + 稔] *shèn*. The Mao Commentary to the Shijing states: "*Shen* [葚] is the fruit of the mulberry tree." It is also written as 椹).

99.53

Frosted sandgrouse 霜鵽 (pronounced [追 + 刮] *zhuó*. Guo Pu's commentary to the Erya states: "The *duo* [鵽] is as large as a pigeon and resembles a female pheasant; it has rat-like feet without hind toes and a forked tail. It is a dull bird that flies in flocks and comes from the northern deserts." The Shuowen says it takes 鳥 [bird] as radical and 叕 as phonetic. 叕 is pronounced [竹 + 劣] *zhuó*).

99.54

Short coarse hemp-garment 短褐 (the first character is pronounced [端 + 管] *duǎn*; the bottom character is pronounced [寒 + 葛] *hé*. Xu Shuzhong [Xu Shen]'s commentary to the Huainanzi states: "The people of Chu call a robe a *duanhe* [short coarse coat]." The Shuowen says: "*Duan* [短] takes 矢 [arrow] as radical and 豆 as phonetic; *he* [褐] takes 衣 [clothing] as radical and 曷 as phonetic." In the anthology it is written with 木 as 梪, pronounced *dòu*. Guo [Puo]'s commentary to the Erya states: "*Dou* [梪] refers to a ritual vessel"; this does not fit the meaning in the anthology).

99.55

Aster and wild rice 菀蔣 (the first character is pronounced [冤 + 遠] *yuǎn*. The Bencao states: "It is purple aster [*ziwan*], also called green aster." The Shuowen says: "*Wan* [菀] is a medicinal herb." The bottom character is pronounced [爵 + 羊] *jiǎng*. The Shuowen says: "*Jiang* [蔣] is wild rice [*gu*]." Both take 艸 [grass] as radical, with 宛 and 將 as their respective phonetics. 苽 is pronounced *gū*).

99.56

Coarse reeds and rushes 菅𦳋 (the first character is pronounced [澗 + 顏] *jiān*; the bottom character is pronounced [古 + 壞] *kuài*. The Zuo zhuan says: "Though there are hemp and ramie, do not discard coarse reeds [*jian*] and rushes [*kuai*]." Guo [Puo]'s commentary to the Erya states: "*Jian* is a kind of thatch-grass." The Shenglei says: "*Kuai* is a grass used for making ropes." The Shuowen says both take 艸 [grass] as radical, with 官 and 㕟 as phonetics. 㕟 is pronounced [苦 + 恠] *kuài*. In the anthology it is written as [利-禾+再], which is also acceptable).

99.57

Clamorous shouting 讙呶 (the first character is pronounced [吁 + 袁] *xuān*; the bottom character is pronounced [奴 + 交] *náo*. The Mao Commentary to the Shijing states: "*Haonao* [號呶] means clamorous shouting." The Kaosheng says: "*Laonao* [嘮呶] is the appearance of noise." The Shuowen says it takes 口 [mouth] as radical and 奴 as phonetic. 嘮 is pronounced [丑 + 交] *cháo*).

99.58

Flourishing discourse 晟論 (pronounced [成 + 政] *shèng*. The Guangya states: "*Sheng* [晟] means abundant." It is also written as 盛; the two characters have the same meaning).

99.59

Carts and granaries 箱庾 (pronounced [想 + 羊] *xiāng*. The Mao Commentary to the Shijing states: "The box of a large carriage." The Shuowen says it takes 竹 [bamboo] as radical and 相 as phonetic. The Wenzidian states it is also sometimes written with 艸 as radical, as 葙. The bottom character is pronounced [臾 + 主] *yǔ*. Jia Kui's commentary to the Guoyu states: "A large one is called a *cang* [granary]; a small one is called a *yu* [storehouse]. *Yu* means an accumulation, referring to an accumulation of harvested grain." The Shuowen says: "A roofless granary is called a *yu*." It takes 广 [shelter] as radical and 臾 as phonetic).

99.60

Chortling and guffawing 嗢噱 (the first character is pronounced [烏 + 骨] *wà*. The Guangya states: "*Wa* [嗢] means smiling." The Picang says: "Laughing aloud." The bottom character is pronounced [強 + 脚] *jué*. The Kaosheng states: "*Wajue* [嗢噱] means uncontrollable roaring laughter." The Shuowen says both take 口 [mouth] as radical, with 昷 and 豦 as their respective phonetics. 昷 is pronounced *wēn*).

99.61

Striving diligently 僶俛 (the first character is pronounced [蜜 + 牝] *mǐn*; the bottom character is pronounced [眉 + 辨] *miǎn*. The Kaosheng states: "*Minmian* [僶俛] means to be untiring." The Mao Commentary to the Shijing says: "*Minmian* means exerting effort." The Shuowen says that 俛 takes 人 [person] as radical and 免 as phonetic; 僶 is sometimes written with 冈 as 黽).

99.62

Frequently reforming 亟改 (pronounced [欺 + 記] *qì*. *Ji* [亟] means frequent [shu]; *shu* is pronounced *shuò*. The Kaosheng states: "The correct form of the character *gai* [改] takes 攴, written as 𭸷").

99.63

Netted sandals 網屨 (pronounced [俱 + 遇] *jù*. The Cangjie pian states: "*Ju* [屨] means footwear." In the anthology it is written as 屨, a vulgar character).

99.64

Spreading lapis lazuli 摛瑠璃 (pronounced [恥 + 離] *chī*. The Shuowen says: "To unfold or spread out." It takes 手 [hand] as radical and 离 as phonetic. 瑠 is pronounced *liú*, the correct standard character; in the anthology it is written as 琉, a vulgar character).

99.65

Lord Qu 璩公 (pronounced [巨 + 魚] *qú*. A personal name).

99.66

And chanted 而咏 (pronounced [榮 + 命] *yǒng*. The Shuowen says it is also the character 詠 [chanting]).

99.67

Parting oriole 辭鶯 (pronounced [厄 + 衡] *yīng*. The Mao Commentary to the Shijing states: "The oriole is a bird with patterned plumage." The Wenzidian says it takes 鳥 [bird] as radical and an abbreviated 熒 as phonetic).

99.68

Knee-coverings 蔽祄 (the first character is pronounced [必 + 袂] *bì*; the bottom character is pronounced [皆 + 械] *jiè*. The Guangya states: "*Jie* [祄] is knee-coverings." The Kaosheng says: "It refers to trousers." The Shuowen says: "*Jie* means *tuo*, which is also knee-coverings." It takes 衣 [clothing] as radical with 介 as both phonetic and meaning. 袥 is pronounced [湯 + 洛] *tuò*).

99.69

Anthology, Fascicle 25 集卷第二十五

99.70

Gazing and looking 瞻睹 (pronounced [都 + 魯] *dǔ*; identical with the character 覩).

99.71

Drifting into seclusion 流遯 (pronounced [突 + 頓] *dùn*; identical with the character 遁).

99.72

Light carriage 輶軒 (pronounced [酉 + 周] *yóu*. The Mao Commentary to the Shijing states: "*You* [輶] means light." The Shuowen says it takes 車 [cart] as radical and 酋 as phonetic).

99.73

Panicked and terrified 慞惶 (pronounced [掌 + 羊] *zhāng*. The Kaosheng states: "*Zhanghuang* [慞惶] is the appearance of fear and fright").

99.74

Hairpin and sash-ribbon 簪紱 (the first character is pronounced [戢 + 森] *zān*. The Yunji states: "*Zan* [簪] is a hairpin." It is also written as [旡/几]; anciently it was written as 𥯓. In the anthology it is written as 簪, which the Shuowen considers a vulgar character. The bottom character is pronounced [粉 + 勿] *fú*. The Cangjie pian says: "*Fu* [紱] is a ceremonial ribbon-sash." It is also written as [纊-黃+?]).

99.75

Imperial throne-screen 宸扆 (the first character is pronounced [慎 + 人] *chén*. The Kaosheng states: "The Purple Micro Palace is called the Purple Emperor's Palace [*zichen*], the dwelling place of the Heavenly Sovereign." The Shuowen says it takes 宀 [roof] as radical and 辰 as phonetic. The bottom character is pronounced [依 + 豈] *yǐ*. The Erya states: "The space between the door and the window is called the *yi* [screen]." Guo [Puo]'s commentary says: "East of the window and west of the door." The Shuowen says it takes 戶 [door] as radical and 衣 as phonetic. 牖 is pronounced [由 + 柳] *yǒu*).

99.76

Mowing and weeding 芟薙 (the first character is pronounced like 衫 *shān*; the bottom character is pronounced [梯 + 計] *tì*. The Wenzidian states: "*Ti* [薙] means to remove." It takes 艸 [grass] as radical and 雉 as phonetic).

99.77

Prostration 膜拜 (the first character is pronounced [忙 + 博] *mò*; it was already explained in the nineteenth fascicle above).

99.78

Distantly remote 懸邈 (pronounced [尨 + 剝] *miǎo*. It is the appearance of being vast and distant. It takes 辵 [movement] as radical and 貌 as phonetic. In the anthology it is written with 心 as 懇, which is incorrect. 尨 is pronounced [木 + 邦] *máng*).

99.79

Pheasant-cap 鷩弁 (pronounced [必 + 袂] *bì*. The Kaosheng states: "The name of a ceremonial cap." Zheng [Xuan]'s commentary to the Zhouli says: "Painted with a golden pheasant, the so-called glorious bird." The Shuowen says it takes 鳥 [bird] as radical and 敝 as phonetic. 敝 is pronounced [毘 + 袂] *bì*).

99.80

Yancong 彥悰 (pronounced [族 + 宗] *cóng*. The name of a monk).

99.81

Deep bow 長撎 (pronounced [伊 + 二] *yì*. The Kaosheng states: "*Yi* [撎] means to bow [揖]." The Shuowen says: "To bow by raising the hands and lowering them." It takes 手 [hand] as radical and 壹 as phonetic).

99.82

Anthology, Fascicle 26 集卷第二十六

99.83

Gasping at the surface 喁喁 (pronounced [王 + 恭] *yóng*. It has already been explained in the nineteenth fascicle above).

99.84

Small and petty kind 哨類 (pronounced [七 + 醮] *qiào*. The Kaogongji states: "*Qiao* [哨] means small." The Wenzidian says it takes 口 [mouth] as radical and 肖 as phonetic).

99.85

Silkworm rearing 蠶衣 (pronounced [雜 + 含] *cán*. The Zhouli states: "Under the office of the Inner Director: in the second month of spring, she instructs the Queen to lead the noble ladies from within and without to begin silkworm rearing in the northern suburbs." The Shuowen says: "The silkworm spits silk." It takes 䖵 (pronounced *kūn*) as radical and 朁 (pronounced [千 + 感] *cǎn*) as phonetic. In the anthology it is written with 天 as 蚕, which is incorrect; the same applies below).

99.86

Boiling cocoons 瀹繭 (the first character is pronounced [羊 + 灼] *yuè*. The Shuowen says: "*Yue* [瀹] means putting vegetables into boiling water and taking them out." It is also written with 𩰲 as [鬻-米+習], pronounced *lì*. In the anthology it is written with 火 as 爚, which is also acceptable. The bottom character is pronounced [堅 + 顯] *jiǎn*. The Shuowen says: "The clothing of the silkworm." It is composed of 糸 [silk], 虫 [insect], and 芇, representing the moth's two matching antennae. 芇 is pronounced *mián*. In the anthology it is written as 璽, which is a vulgar character).

99.87

Hurrying toward that 遄彼 (pronounced [殊 + 緣] *chuán*. The Mao Commentary to the Shijing states: "*Chuan* [遄] means quick." The Erya says: "Fast." The Shuowen says it takes 辵 [movement] as radical and 端 as phonetic. In the anthology it is written with 欠 as 歂, with the same pronunciation as above; the Shuowen says it means 'drawing breath'; it is uncertain which is correct).

99.88

Striking and chipping 撲揥 (the first character is pronounced [普 + 卜] *pū*. Gu Yewang says: "*Pu* [撲] means to beat or strike." The bottom character is pronounced [低 + 戾] *dì*. The Shenglei says: "*Di* [揥] means to damage." The Shuowen says both take 手 [hand] as radical, with 菐 and 帝 as their respective phonetics. 菐 has the same pronunciation as the first character).

99.89

牲牷 (Sacrificial animals: the first is *shēng* [fanqie: 所耕]; the second is *quán* [fanqie: 絕緣]. Zheng [Xuan's] commentary on the *Mao Commentary to the Book of Odes* states: "Oxen, sheep, and pigs are called *shēng*." Kong Anguo's commentary on the *Book of Documents* states: "Those of pure color are called *xī*; those of intact body are called *quán*." Zheng Zhong's commentary on the *Rites of Zhou* states: "*Quán* means of a pure, unmixed color." The *Shuowen jiezi* notes both are classified under the radical 'ox' (牛), with 生 and 全 providing the phonetic sounds).

99.90

血膋 (Blood and fat: pronounced *liáo* [fanqie: 了彫]. Zheng's commentary on the *Book of Rites* states: "It is the fat between the intestines." The *Shuowen jiezi* notes it is also written as 膫).

99.91

礿祭 (The summer sacrifice: pronounced *yuè* [fanqie: 羊灼]. The *Erya* states: "The summer sacrifice is called *yuè*." Guo [Pu's] commentary states: "It means newly harvested greens can be parboiled [*zhuó*]." It is also written as 禴. In the collected text it is written with the bamboo radical as 籥, which refers to flute pipes, not this meaning).

99.92

賣鱓 (Selling eels: pronounced *shàn* [fanqie: 蟬展]. The *Kaosheng* notes it is the name of a fish. The *Classic of Mountains and Seas* states that it is a slippery fish. Guo [Pu's] commentary states: "The *shàn* fish resembles a snake." The *Shuowen jiezi* notes it is classified under 'fish' (魚) with 單 as phonetic).

99.93

抪設 (To spread out and set up: pronounced *bù* [fanqie: 普逋]. The character dictionary states it means to arrange. Gu Yewang states: "It means to spread and display." It is also written as 鋪).

99.94

罝罘 (Hare nets and beast nets: the first is *jū* [fanqie: 䊢邪]. Guo [Pu's] commentary on the *Erya* states: "*Jū* is like to block [*zhē*]." The *Kaosheng* states: "*Jū* is a hare net." The *Shuowen jiezi* notes it is also written as 罝. The second character, 罘, is pronounced *fú* [fanqie: 扶留]. Zheng's commentary on the *Book of Rites* states: "A net for catching beasts is a *fú*." The *Shuowen jiezi* also notes: "A net for catching hares." Zheng's commentary on the *Rites of Zhou* states: "A *fú* is a net").

99.95

蝍蛆 (Centipede: the first is *jí* [fanqie: 甑力]; the second is *jū* [fanqie: 子餘]. Xu Shuzhong's [commentary on] *Huainanzi* states: "The *jíjū* is another name for a centipede [*wúgōng*]." The *Shuowen jiezi* notes both are classified under 'insect' (虫), with 即 and 且 as their respective phonetics).

99.96

甘螮 (Sweet rainbow [or snake]: pronounced *dài* [fanqie: 怚太]. The *Kaosheng* states: "*Dài* is a snake." The *Tangyun* also says it is a snake. It is also written as 帶).

99.97

豺犬 (Dhole hound: pronounced *chái* [fanqie: 床皆]. Guo [Pu's] commentary on the *Erya* states: "The dhole's paws resemble those of a dog." The *Shuowen jiezi* states: "A creature of the wolf genus." Classified under 'beast' (豸) with 才 as phonetic; 豸 is pronounced *zhì* [fanqie: 池爾]. In the collected text it is written with 'dog' as 𤝔; there is no such character, which is incorrect).

99.98

野干 (Jackal: pronounced *hán* [fanqie: 葛寒]. Guo Pu states: "The *yèzhì* can climb trees." The *Guangzhi* states: "It gathers fruit on steep precipices and high trees." In the collected text it is written with the 'dog' radical as 犴, which is incorrect).

99.99

是[爿-〡+(厂@易)] (This ulcer/rash: pronounced *yì* [fanqie: 盈隻]. The *Kaosheng* states: "A peeling rash on the skin." The standard form is written with [爿-〡+(序-予)]; the collected text's form [爿-〡+(厂@易)] is a vulgar character).

99.100

是[臧-(戊@臣)+(厂@(堊-王+田))] (This tumor: pronounced *liú* [fanqie: 柳周]. The *Guangya* states: "[臧-(戊@臣)+(厂@(堊-王+田))] is an illness." Gu Yewang states: "A swelling that does not burst or disperse." The *Shuowen jiezi* states: "A swelling." Classified under 'illness' with 留 as phonetic. The collected form [臧-(戊@臣)+(厂@(堊-王+田))] is a vulgar character).

99.101

是[爿-〡+(厂@婁)] (This scrofula: pronounced *lòu* [fanqie: 樓豆]. Guo Pu's commentary on the *Classic of Mountains and Seas* states: "[爿-〡+(厂@婁)] is an ulcer." The *Shuowen jiezi* states: "A swelling of the neck." Classified under 'illness' with 婁 as phonetic. The collected form 瘻 is a vulgar character).

99.102

Collected Canon, Fascicle Twenty-Seven

99.103

螺蚳 (Ant eggs: the first is *luó* [fanqie: 力和]; the second is *chí* [fanqie: 直離]. The *Rites of Zhou* states: "For sacrifices, ant eggs are supplied to the sauce preparers." Zheng Zhong's commentary states: "*Chí* are ant eggs." The *Shuowen jiezi* notes it is classified under 'insect' (虫) with 氐 as phonetic; 氐 is pronounced *dī*).

99.104

濠梁 (Hao Bridge: pronounced *háo* [fanqie: 胡高]; the name of a river, explained previously).

99.105

飢惄 (Famished and anxious: pronounced *nì* [fanqie: 寧的反]. Guo [Pu's] commentary on the *Erya* states: "*Nì* is like acute hunger." It is also written as 惄).

99.106

睟容 (Mild countenance: pronounced *suì* [fanqie: 思季]; explained previously).

99.107

暕為 (Jian Wei: pronounced *jiǎn* [fanqie: 奸眼]; a personal name).

99.108

西郵 (Western courier station: pronounced *yóu* [fanqie: 有求]. The *Erya* states: "*Yóu* means to pass through." Guo [Pu's] commentary on the *Erya* states: "What is passed through on the roads." The *Guangya* states: "A relay station." The *Shuowen jiezi* notes it is classified under 'settlement' (邑) with 垂 as phonetic. In the collected text it is written as 郵, which is incorrect).

99.109

汪濊 (Vast and deep: the first is *wāng* [fanqie: 烏黃]; the second is *huì* [fanqie: 威衛]. Gu Yewang states: "*Wānghuì* is like torrential and abundant." The *Guangya* states: "Water." 濊 is also written as [濊-(步-止+一)+(示-一)]. 沱 is pronounced *tuó* [fanqie: 達何]).

99.110

憮然 (Disappointed and sullen: pronounced *wǔ* [fanqie: 無甫]. He Yan's commentary on the *Analects* states: "*Wǔrán* means disagreeing with him because he did not understand one's own intention." The *Shuowen jiezi* notes it is classified under 'mind' (心) with 無 as phonetic).

99.111

因𩇕 (Relying on clarity/calm: pronounced *jǐng* [fanqie: 情井]. Jia Kui's commentary on the *Discourses of the States* states: "Tranquil and pure." The *Shuowen jiezi* states: "Pure and adorned." It is also written under the radical 'stand' as 靖).

99.112

兩袠 (Two cases: pronounced *zhì* [fanqie: 陳栗]. It is also written as 帙; anciently written as 袟. The collected text writes 𧙍, which is incorrect).

99.113

跬步 (Half-step and pace: pronounced *kuǐ* [fanqie: 窺癸]. The *Book of Rites* states: "The gentleman does not dare forget it even for a half-step." The *Fangyan* states: "Half a pace is a *kuǐ*." Gu Yewang states: "It means raising one foot; two *kuǐ* make a pace." The *Kaosheng* writes it as 䞨; the collected text writes it as 跬, which are interchangeable).

99.114

懍厲 (Stern and awe-inspiring: the first is *lǐn* [fanqie: 林錦]; the second is *lì* [fanqie: 憐計]. The *Picang* notes *lǐn* is also *lì*, mutually glossing one another. The *Shuowen jiezi* states that *lǐn* is classified under 'mind' (心) with 稟 as phonetic. 厲 is also written as 捩).

99.115

刖刵 (Cutting off feet and ears: the second is *èr* [fanqie: 如志]. Kong [Anguo's] commentary on the *Book of Documents* states: "*Èr* means cutting off the ears." The *Wenzi dianshuo* notes it is classified under 'knife' (刀) with 耳 as phonetic).

99.116

固鍇 (Solid iron: the first is pronounced *gù*; in the collected text it is written as 周, which is an error; the second is *kǎi* [fanqie: 界諧], meaning *kǎi* is hard. The *Shuowen jiezi* states: "In Jiujiang, iron is called *kǎi*." It is classified under 'metal' (金) with 皆 also serving as phonetic).

99.117

穠華 (Luxuriant flowers: pronounced *nóng* [fanqie: 女龍]. The *Kaosheng* states: "The appearance of luxuriant blossoms").

99.118

愒曰 (Greedy for days / idling days away: pronounced *kài* [fanqie: 枯帶]. The *Zuo Commentary* states: "Trifling away the year and greedy for days." Du [Yu's] commentary states: "*Kài* means covetous." He [Xiu's] commentary on the *Gongyang Commentary* states: "*Kài* means hurried." The *Shuowen jiezi* notes it is classified under 'mind' (心) with 曷 as phonetic).

99.119

歊赫 (Scorching heat and blazing brilliance: the first is *xiāo* [fanqie: 希嬌]. Gu Yewang states: "*Xiāo* refers to hot air." The *Shuowen jiezi* states: "The vaporous appearance of rising heat." The second character is *hè* [fanqie: 虛厄]. The *Shuowen jiezi* notes it is classified with two 'reds' (赤). In the collected text it is written as 䓇, which is incorrect).

99.120

摠摠 (Agitated/rushing: pronounced *sāi* [fanqie: 賽來]. The *Guangya* states: "*Sāi* means moving." The *Gujin zhengzi* states: "To raise and shake vigorously." Classified under 'hand' (手) with 思 as phonetic. The *Kaosheng* takes 摠 as the standard character; the collected text writes it as 揌, which is a vulgar character).

99.121

𰌒偶 (Spouse: the first is pronounced *pǐ* [fanqie: 批閉]; the second is pronounced *ǒu* [fanqie: 魚狗]. Guo [Pu's] commentary on the *Erya* states: "It also means spouse [*ǒu-pǐ*]," which is a reciprocal gloss. The *Shuowen jiezi* states: "𰌒 means consort [*fēi*]. Classified under 'woman' (女) with 𣬉 as phonetic; 𣬉 is pronounced *pí* [fanqie: 蒲犁]; 妃 is pronounced *pèi*").

99.122

高懟 (Deep resentment: pronounced *duì* [fanqie: 鎚類]. The *Shuowen jiezi* states: "*Duì* means resentment." Classified under 'mind' (心) with 對 as phonetic; it is also written with 'speech' as 譵).

99.123

寒凘 (Cold drifting ice: pronounced *sī* [fanqie: 賜諮]. Wang Yi's commentary on the *Songs of Chu* states: "*Sī* is melting ice." The *Shuowen jiezi* states: "Drifting ice." Classified under 'ice' (冫) with 斯 as phonetic. In the collected text it is written with 'water' as 凘, which is the name of a river in the Northern Sea).

99.124

纔驗 (Barely verified: pronounced *cái* [fanqie: 在來]. Gu Yewang states: "*Cái* is like close/barely." It is also written as 裁. The collected text writes 絻, which is incorrect; it is also written as 纔, which is a vulgar character).

99.125

脩嫭 (Slender and beautiful: pronounced *hù* [fanqie: 胡固]. The *Guangya* states: "*Hù* means beautiful appearance." It is also written as 婟. Written with 雩 as 嫮 is a vulgar character).

99.126

睇人 (Glancing sideways at someone: pronounced *dì* [fanqie: 啼計]. Zheng's commentary on the *Book of Rites* states: "*Dì* means looking askance." The character's meaning was explained previously).

99.127

瓊畹 (Jade garden plot: pronounced *wǎn* [fanqie: 冤阮]; explained previously).

99.128

剡州 (Shan Prefecture: pronounced *shàn* [fanqie: 涉𮉼]; a place name in Yue).

99.129

徐鑣 (Slowly reined bit: pronounced *biāo* [fanqie: 表驕]. The *Shuowen jiezi* states: "A horse's bridle bit." Classified under 'metal' (金) with 麃 as phonetic; 麃 is pronounced *biāo* [fanqie: 𫙙交]. In the collected text it is written with 'horse' as 䮽, pronounced *lù*, meaning a wild horse, which is not the correct sense).

99.130

Collected Canon, Fascicle Twenty-Eight

99.131

荼蓼 (Bitter herbs and smartweed: the first is *tú* [fanqie: 獨奴]. The *Erya* states: "*Tú* is a bitter green." The second is *liǎo* [fanqie: 聊鳥]. The commentary to the *Mao Commentary to the Book of Odes* states: "*Liǎo* is a water weed." The *Shuowen jiezi* states: "A pungent green." Both are classified under 'grass' (艸), with 余 and 翏 as their respective phonetics; 翏 is pronounced *liù* [fanqie: 劉救]).

99.132

歉腹 (Unfilled belly: pronounced *qiàn* [fanqie: 謙簟]. Liu Zhao's commentary on the *Guliang Commentary* states: "*Qiàn* means eating without becoming full." Classified under 'lack' (欠) with 兼 as phonetic. In the collected text it is written with 'mouth' as 嗛, meaning holding something in the mouth, not the sense of an unfilled belly).

99.133

長塍 (Long field path: pronounced *chéng* [fanqie: 食仍]. The *Cang Jie pian* states: "*Chéng* is a ridge between fields." The *Picang* states: "A low dyke." It is also written with 'field' as 畻, and also written as 塖).

99.134

能瘉 (Able to recover: pronounced *yù* [fanqie: 瑜主]. Gu Yewang states: "*Yù* means [the illness] becomes lighter." The *Shuowen jiezi* states: "*Yù* means illness." It is also written as 愈).

99.135

青緹 (Greenish-red silk: pronounced *tí* [fanqie: 悌奚]. Zheng's commentary on the *Rites of Zhou* states: "*Tí* is a reddish-orange color." The *Shuowen jiezi* states: "A reddish-yellow color." Classified under 'silk' (糸) with 是 as phonetic; 縓 is pronounced *quàn* [fanqie: 宣絹]).

99.136

向詡 (Xiang Xu: pronounced *xǔ* [fanqie: 吁禹]; a personal name).

99.137

㤇惱 (Distressed and vexed: the first is *ǎo* [fanqie: 於早]. The *Wenzi jilüe* states: "*Ǎonǎo* means grief knotted within the heart." 㤇 is also written as 懊; in the collected text it is written with 'earth' as 𱖎, which is incorrect. 惱 is also written as 憹; in the collected text it is written with three 'stops' as 𱟈, which is incorrect).

99.138

無礙 (Unobstructed: pronounced *ài* [fanqie: 魚蓋]. Throughout the scriptures it is written as 㝵 or as 閡. In the collected text it is written with 亥 as 硋, which is incorrect).

99.139

鏦金 (Striking metal bells: pronounced *cōng* [fanqie: 楚雙]. The *Rhapsody on Sir Vacuous* [*Zixu fu*] states: "Striking [*cōng*] metal bells and drums." The *Picang* states: "*Cōng* is like striking." It is also written with the 'hand' radical as 樅).

99.140

槮龜 (Fish-trap and turtle: pronounced *sēn* [fanqie: 森錦]. Guo [Pu's] commentary on the *Erya* states: "Those making a *sēn* nowadays heap brushwood in the water; when fish get cold they go inside, and are caught accordingly." The *Shuowen jiezi* notes it is classified under 'wood' (木) with 參 as phonetic).

99.141

嘯吒 (Whistling and shouting: pronounced *zhà* [fanqie: 謫亞]. Gu Yewang states: "*Zhà* is like scolding." The *Shuowen jiezi* notes it is classified under 'mouth' (口) with 乇 as phonetic; 乇 is pronounced *zhé* [fanqie: 竹革]).

99.142

登陑 (Ascending Er: pronounced *ér* [fanqie: 二之]. The *Kaosheng* states: "Er is a place name in Hedong." Kong [Anguo's] commentary on the *Book of Documents* states: "Er is south of the bend of the Yellow River." Classified under 'mound' (𨸏); also written as 隭).

99.143

蓼莪 (Towering artemisia: pronounced *é* [fanqie: 我哥]. The *Book of Odes* states: "Towering is the artemisia." Guo [Pu's] commentary on the *Erya* states: "Today's *éhāo* wormwood." The *Shuowen jiezi* notes it is classified under 'grass' (艸) with 我 as phonetic).

99.144

簨業 (Bell-stand beams and carved plaques: pronounced *xǔn* [fanqie: 詢允]. Zheng's commentary on the *Book of Rites* states: "A *xǔn* is that from which bells are suspended to sound; the horizontal beam is called *xǔn*, decorated with scaly creatures; large boards attached to it form the *yè*." It is also written with the 'wood' radical as 栒. In the collected text it is written as [孕-子+旲], which is incorrect).

99.145

虞倕 (Chui of Yu: pronounced *chuí* [fanqie: 睡隹]. Guo [Pu's] commentary on the *Classic of Mountains and Seas* states: "Chui was a skilled craftsman under Yao").

99.146

𰞑𤐷 (Roasted and baked: the first is pronounced *bāo* [fanqie: 鮑苞]. The *Yunying* states: "Cooking things over fire." It is also written as 𤇗. The second is pronounced *āo* [fanqie: 襖蒿]. The *Jixun* states: "Heating, roasting, and baking things; now cooking thoroughly." It is also written as 燠 or as 爊; in ancient script it was written as 袞. In the collected text it is written under 'bird' as 𪀀鷞, which is unclear).

99.147

弗傲 (Not arrogant: pronounced *ào* [fanqie: 敖誥]. Du [Yu's] commentary on the *Zuo Commentary* states: "*Ào* means disrespectful." The *Kaosheng* notes the *Erya* writes it as 傲, and also as 𰌚. In the collected text it is written with 'mind' as 慠, which is incorrect).

99.148

介品 (Armored classes: pronounced *jiè* [fanqie: 皆械]. Zheng's commentary on the *Rites of Zhou* states: "*Jiè* refers to creatures like turtles and tortoises that dwell in water." The *Shuowen jiezi* notes it is composed of 八 and 人. In the collected text it is written under 'fish' as 魪, which is the name of a fish and not the meaning of 'armored classes'").

99.149

Kinds and categories (種彙) (hui pronounced with the fanqie 韋貴 [wéi + guì = huì]: in the Book of Changes (Zhouyi), "彙" means class or category. The meaning has already been explained previously).

99.150

Biting the skin (噆膚) (the first character is pronounced with the fanqie 子荅 [zǐ + dá = zā]: Zhuangzi says, "Mosquitoes feed on the skin, so that one cannot sleep the whole night through." The Picang says: "To bite." The Shuowen says: "𠯗 means to hold in the mouth." Or, according to the Kaosheng, it is properly written as 𠯗).

99.151

Fine-meshed net (網罭) (yu pronounced with the fanqie 為逼 [wéi + bī = yù]: the Erya says, "The jiu-yu (九罭) is a fishing net." Guo [Pu]'s commentary says, "It is what is nowadays called the 'hundred-pocket net' (百囊𠕀)." The Shuowen says it is classified under the radical 𠕀 with 或 as its phonetic).

99.152

Numerous and abundant (眾㚌) (huo pronounced with the fanqie 和果 [hé + guǒ = huǒ]: the Fangyan says, "Whenever things are abundant and numerous, it is called huo (夥)." This has already been explained previously).

99.153

Deeply earnest (慊慊) (qian pronounced with the fanqie 謙簟 [qiān + diàn = qiàn]: the Kaosheng says, "慊 means earnestness of feeling." The Shuowen says it is classified under the radical 心 with 兼 as its phonetic).

99.154

Quietly secluded (閴其) (qu pronounced with the fanqie 傾伇 [qīng + yì = qù]: the Picang says, "閴 means quiet and still." It is classified under 具, with the pronunciation given by the fanqie 俱伇 [jū + yì = jù]; this has already been explained previously).

99.155

Responding to a notice of mourning (應訃) (fu pronounced with the fanqie 敷務 [fū + wù = fù]: it is the same character as 赴).

99.156

Fascicle Twenty-Nine of the Collected [Works]

99.157

Slaughter and sever the left ears (屠𱄍) (huo pronounced with the fanqie 穬獲 [kuàng + huò = huò]: the commentary to the Mao Poetry says, "𱄍 means to capture. Those who do not submit are killed and their left ears cut off and presented, which is called 𱄍." It is also written with the radical 囗 as 𭍷, or with the radical 耳 as 聝; the ancient script also writes it as 聀).

99.158

Chu-tiger (貙虎) (chu pronounced with the fanqie 云誅 [yún + zhū = yū]: the Zizhi says, "The Chu people stem from the Gongniu lineage, and are able to transform into tigers." The Yiwu ming says, "The chu stems from the Gongniu lineage, transforming like a spirit; when it becomes a tiger, it does not recognize people." The Shuowen says it is classified under the radical 豸 with 區 as its phonetic; 豸 is pronounced with the fanqie 雉).

99.159

Stern and prow (舳艫) (the first character is pronounced with the fanqie 蟲六 [chóng + liù = zhú]: the Fangyan says, "The stern of a boat is called zhu (舳); the zhu is what controls the water." Guo [Pu]'s commentary says, "Nowadays in Jiangdong, the oar/rudder is called zhu." The Shuowen says it is classified under the radical 舟 with the abbreviated 由 as its phonetic; 拖 is pronounced with the fanqie 它可 [tā + kě = tuǒ]. The second character is pronounced with the fanqie 魯都 [lǔ + dū = lú]: Li Fei's commentary to the Hanshu says, "It is the place where oars are rowed at the front of a boat." The Shuowen says, "The prow of a boat"; it is classified under the radical 舟 with 盧 as its phonetic).

99.160

Joining boats (入𦪙) (ta pronounced with the fanqie 貪合 [tān + hé = tà]: the Kaosheng says, "Two boats lashed side by side." The Wenzi jilüe says, "Two large vessels paired together." The Collected [Edition] has 䑽, which is a vulgar character).

99.161

Causing an error (成眚) (sheng pronounced with the fanqie 生梗 [shēng + gěng = shěng]: Kong [Anguo]'s commentary to the Shangshu says, "眚 means an error or fault." The Shuowen says it is classified under the radical 目 with 生 as its phonetic).

99.162

Pleasing to the ears (慆耳) (tao pronounced with the fanqie 討高 [tǎo + gāo = tāo]: the Cang Jie pian says, "慆 means an appearance of harmony and pleasure." The Shuowen says, "Pleasing"; it is classified under the radical 心 with 舀 as its phonetic; 舀 has the same sound as above).

99.163

Blocking the heart (堙心) (yin pronounced with the fanqie 一隣 [yī + lín = yīn]: Kong [Anguo]'s commentary to the Shangshu says, "堙 means to block or obstruct." It is also written as 垔).

99.164

Surging forth fragrantly (馞起) (bo pronounced with the fanqie 盆沒 [pén + mò = bó]: the Guangya says, "馞馞 means fragrant." The Picang says, "Greatly fragrant." The Shuowen says it is classified under the radical 香 with 孛 as its phonetic; 孛 has the same pronunciation as above; 孛 is composed of [一/巿] and 子; [一/巿] is pronounced with the fanqie 沸).

99.165

Gentle and compliant (婉娩) (the first character is pronounced with the fanqie 冤遠 [yuān + yuǎn = wǎn]; the second character is pronounced with the fanqie 無返 [wú + fǎn = wǎn]: the Kaosheng says, "婉娩 describes the gentle and compliant deportment of a woman." Zheng [Xuan]'s commentary to the Liji says, "娩 means charming." The Shuowen says, "婉 means compliant"; both characters are classified under the radical 女. The Collected [Edition] writes the second character with the radical 曰 as 晼; the 曰 section has no such character; 晚 means evening, and its deeper meaning is unclear here).

99.166

Treading on solid ground (蹠實) (zhi pronounced with the fanqie 征石 [zhēng + shí = zhí]: the Huainanzi says, "Birds fly cleaving the void; beasts run treading on the solid." Xu Shuzhong's commentary says, "蹠 means to step on; it also means to walk." It is also written as 蹠; the Collected [Edition] writes it with 庶 as 蹠, which is incorrect).

99.167

Staggering and unsteady (竛竮) (the first character is pronounced with the fanqie 冷丁 [lěng + dīng = líng]; the second character is pronounced with the fanqie 匹并 [pǐ + bìng = pīng]: the Zishu says, "竛竮 means an unsteady way of walking"; both characters are classified under the radical 立. The Collected [Edition] writes them with the radical 足 as 跉 and usually 跰, which is incorrect).

99.168

Wet-nurse and old woman ([女*(乞-乙+小)]媼) (the first character is pronounced with the fanqie 搦矮 [nuò + ǎi = nǎi]: the Kaosheng says it means an old woman who nurses an infant. The second character is pronounced with the fanqie 烏晧 [wū + hào = ǎo]: Wen Ying's commentary to the Hanshu says, "In Youzhou and Hanzhong, elderly women are called 媼." The Shuowen says, "An appellation for an elderly woman." Both characters are classified under the radical 女, with 尒 and 昷 as their respective phonetics; 昷 is pronounced 温; 嫗 is pronounced with the fanqie 䊸矩 [yū + jǔ = yǔ]).

99.169

Vast and distant (遼[奐-大+((〡*目)/一/乂)]) (hui pronounced with the fanqie 隳迴 [huī + huí = huí]; the meaning has already been explained previously).

99.170

Midges (蟭螟) (the first character is pronounced with the fanqie 子消 [zǐ + xiāo = jiāo]; the second character is pronounced with the fanqie 覓瓶 [mì + píng = míng]: the Liezi says, "King Tang of Yin asked Xia Ge, 'Do things have greatness and minuteness?' He replied, 'The jiaoming is a tiny insect found along river shores; they fly in swarms and nest on the eyelashes of mosquitoes, roosting and coming and going without the mosquito noticing.'" Both characters are classified under the radical 虫; 麼 is pronounced with the fanqie 魔跛 [mó + bǒ = ma]; 麼 means minute; 革 is pronounced with the fanqie 矜憶 [jīn + yì = jí]).

99.171

The Kun and Peng (鯤鵬) (the first character is pronounced with the fanqie 骨魂 [gǔ + hún = kūn]; the second character is pronounced with the fanqie 蒲甫 [pú + fǔ = bù/péng]: the Zhuangzi says, "In the Northern Darkness there is a fish whose name is the Kun; it transforms into a bird whose name is the Peng; the Peng's back spans who knows how many thousands of li." Sima Biao's commentary says, "The Kun is a giant fish." The Shuowen says it is classified under the radical 魚 with 昆 as its phonetic; the Collected [Edition] writes it with the radical 虫 as 蜫, which is incorrect; 鵬 is classified under the radical 鳥 with 朋 as its phonetic).

99.172

Ascending the bare hill (升岵) (hu pronounced with the fanqie 胡古 [hú + gǔ = hù]: the commentary to the Mao Poetry says, "A mountain without vegetation is called hu." The Han Poetry says, "A mountain with trees but without grass is called hu." The Shuowen says it is classified under the radical 山 with 古 as its phonetic).

99.173

Palace gate-towers (魏闕) (wei pronounced with the fanqie 巍貴 [wēi + guì = wèi]: the Huainanzi says, "His mind dwells at the imperial gate-towers." The Zhouli says that the heavenly gate-towers are called xiangwei (象魏); wei is a designation for something lofty and grand; it is classified under 委 with 鬼 as its phonetic. The Collected [Edition] writes it with the radical 馬 as 騩, pronounced 貴; the Zitong says it means a light black horse, which is not the meaning of 魏闕).

99.174

Sharp gusting wind (颲颲) (lie pronounced with the fanqie 連哲 [lián + zhé = liè]: the Shenglei says, "颲 means a sharp, fierce wind." The Shuowen says it is classified under the radical 風, with 列 also acting as the phonetic).

99.175

Solitary fledgling (孤鶵) (chu pronounced with the fanqie 仕瑜 [shì + yú = chú]: Guo [Pu]'s commentary to the Erya says, "A bird that can feed itself from birth is called a chu (雛)." The Shuowen notes it is sometimes written with the radical 隹 as 雛; the Collected [Edition] writes it as 鶵, which is a vulgar character).

99.176

Grasping it (捦之) (jin pronounced with the fanqie 及金 [jí + jīn = jìn]: the Picang says, "㩒 means to seize." The Shuowen says, "To hold tightly by the lapel." It is also written with the radical 攴 as 鈘, or with 禁 as 㩒).

99.177

Kui Tong (隗通) (kui pronounced with the fanqie 吾猥 [wú + wěi = kuí]: a person's surname and given name; 猥 is pronounced with the fanqie 烏罪 [wū + zuǐ = wěi]).

99.178

Insects and birds (蟲鳥) (the first character is pronounced with the fanqie 逐隆 [zhú + lóng = chóng]; the second character is pronounced with the fanqie 彫了 [diāo + liǎo = diǎo]: in meaning, these are two characters, "insects" and "birds"; the Collected [Edition] joins them together as [蟲/鳥], which is a grave error by the scribe).

99.179

Soaring and galloping (𦫀騁) (the first character is pronounced with the fanqie 特登 [tè + dēng = téng]: the Kaosheng says, "To leap over"; it is properly written as 𦫀; the Collected [Edition] writes it as 騰, which is a vulgar character. The second character is pronounced with the fanqie 檉領 [chēng + lǐng = chěng]; the Collected [Edition] writes it with 央 as 駚, which is an error; 檉 is pronounced with the fanqie 逞貞 [chěng + zhēn = chēng]).

99.180

Curtains side by side (並𭞽) (xian pronounced with the fanqie 軒偃 [xuān + yǎn = xiǎn]: Gu Yewang says, "Nowadays, cloth stretched over a carriage is called a xian (𭞽)." The Shiming says, "A carriage curtain (𭞽) is that which wards off heat." The Shuowen says it is classified under the radical 巾 with 憲 as its phonetic; the Collected [Edition] writes it as 慢, which is a scribal error).

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一切經音義 — 慧琳, Classical Chinese