四分戒本疏卷第一．第二．第三 2.50

2.50

若比丘從非親里居士若居士婦乞衣除餘時尼薩耆波逸提餘時者若奪衣失衣燒衣漂衣是謂餘時　此滿足戒文三。初略制。二牒隨開。三廣制。就廣制句有其五。一犯人二非親里居士。三乞衣。四除開緣　五結犯。餘時者已下誦前四句。下辯五句文。若比丘者。義如上辯。非親里者。非七世親里。言乞衣。衣有十種。十誦僧祇乞得四肘已上犯　若白乞使人乞作寒暑相。若方便說法得者皆犯　若乞小物施主與衣財者得取無犯。若本有方便心但索小者。或容得大犯捨。言除餘時者。開索。律云。若被賊奪衣。裸形當以輕草樹葉覆形。應往寺邊。若取長衣。若親友邊取。若無者僧中問取可分衣。若無者問取僧衣臥具。若不與者自開庫看。若褥敷栴被摘解取裁作衣。出外乞衣。若得已應還浣染縫治安著本處。若不還本處如法治。言尼薩耆波逸提者。是遺制罪。於中亦四。如上所明。言餘時者。是失奪等四緣。不犯中。律云。若奪失三衣從非親里乞。五分開衣壞時得乞通前五緣。又云。或為他乞。他不為己乞。或不求而得。若從親里乞。若從出家人乞。一切不犯。

“If a bhikṣu solicits a robe from an unrelated male householder or female householder, except at the proper time, it is a niḥsargika-prāyaścittika. Herein, 'proper time' means if one's robes are snatched away, lost, burned, or swept away by water—this is called the proper time.” This full precept text has three parts: first, the brief regulation; second, reciting the subsequent exception; third, the comprehensive regulation. Under the comprehensive regulation clauses, there are five: 1. the offender; 2. the unrelated householders; 3. soliciting a robe; 4. excepting the mitigating circumstances; 5. concluding the offense. “Proper time” and what follows recites the previous four clauses, and below explains the five clauses of the text. “If a bhikṣu” has the meaning explained above. “Unrelated” means not related within seven generations. Regarding “soliciting a robe,” there are ten types of robes. The *Sarvāstivāda Vinaya* and *Mahāsāṃghika Vinaya* state that soliciting and obtaining four cubits or more constitutes an offense. If one directly solicits, sends someone to solicit, makes gestures showing cold or heat, or obtains it through expedient Dharma talk, all constitute offenses. If one solicits a small item and the donor gives robe material, one may take it without offense; but if one originally had an expedient intention to solicit only a small item [hoping] that one might obtain a large one, it constitutes an offense of forfeiture. Regarding “except at the proper time,” this permits solicitation. The Vinaya states: If one's robes are snatched away by thieves and one is naked, one should cover one's body with light grass or tree leaves, and go near a monastery. If there are extra robes, take them; or take from friends; if there are none, ask among the Saṅgha to take distributable robes; if there are none, ask to take the Saṅgha's robes or bedding; if they do not give them, open the storehouse oneself to look; if there are mattresses, rugs, or blankets, tear them apart, cut them, make them into robes, and go outside to solicit robes. When obtained, one should wash, dye, sew, and return them properly to their original place; if one does not return them to their original place, one is dealt with according to the Dharma. “Niḥsargika-prāyaścittika” is the offense enacted. Within it are also four points, as explained above. “Proper time” refers to the four conditions of losing, having them snatched away, and so on. Regarding non-offense: The Vinaya states that if one's three robes are snatched away or lost, one may solicit from unrelated persons. The *Mahīśāsaka Vinaya* permits that when a robe is ruined, one may solicit, making five conditions in total with the previous ones. It also states: Or soliciting for another, where the other does not solicit for oneself; or obtaining without seeking; or soliciting from relatives; or soliciting from those who have gone forth—all are without offense.