Vicaratrayi 80.4-2
Vicāratrayī 80.4-2
- Language
- Sanskrit
80.4-2.1
prathitakṣatriyo janako na pravavrāja kasmāt | yājñavalkyaḥ
pravavrāja kasmāt | brāhmaṇatvāditicettatsamuttaraṃ sarvasya granthasya
anyatra kiṃcittāratamyam | vaiśyo na ko'pyudāhṛtaḥ saṃnyāsī
yena tadadhikāra balasiddhiḥ | anunmattā unmattavadācaranta iti
śrutiviṣayaṃ siddhatamaṃ durvāsasaṃ paramahaṃsaṃ puraskṛtya paramahaṃseṣu tridaṇḍanirṇaya unmattācārānnātiricyate | tathā jaḍabharataṃ prakṛtya
paramahaṃseṣu śikhāsūtranirṇayo jaḍatvānnātiricyate | citrametatsarvaṃ | konmattācāraḥ sarvatantrasvatantrāṇāṃ kva daṇḍanirṇayaḥ | tannikaṭa ekaeva daṇḍa āsīcchāpo nāma | sarvatantrasvatantrā akiṃkarā
bhavanti | kadācitkathaṃcidācaranti nāśramasaṃpradāyaṃ niyamayanti
ataeva 'uttamānāṃ vacaḥ satyaṃ caritraṃ tu kvacitkvacid'iti vacanasyodāharaṇamidam | tvayi śāstrari satyapi khalāḥ khalatvaṃ na
muñcantīti śrīkṛṣṇaṃ prati haṃsaḍimbhavakhalatvanivedanāyedaṃ caritraṃ
durvāsasaḥ | saṃnyāsiṣu kucodyamācaranto haṃsāyante ḍimbhāyante
ceti harivaṃśakathātātparyam | janakaṃ puraskṛtyaikāśramyaṃ sthāpitaṃ,
sulabhāṃ puraskṛtya saliṅgasaṃnyāsaḥ strīṇāṃ sthāpitaḥ | tathaiva draupadī
puraskṛtya pañca patayopi sthāpitāḥ syuḥ | yathā dṛṣṭāntastathā śāstramiti tava mataṃ | sakalavidhadṛṣṭāntadarśanātsarvatantrasvatantratvamavyāhatameveti tavābhiprāyo dṛṣṭāntādhīno na śāstrādhīnaḥ | mateḥ
śāstrādhīnatvaṃ pāṇḍityam | śāstraṃ ca "brāhmaṇāḥ pravrajanti
kṣatriyasya traya āśramā" iti | vyāhṛtibhiḥ saṃnyāsaḥ | na
strīṇāṃ vyāhṛtiprāptistasyā gāyatryā saha kṛtatvāt | na strīṇāṃ
80.4-2.2
gāyatrī | tatsatve patigotrapraveśānāpatteḥ pitṛgotreṇa prativaddhatvādupanayananimittena | tasmātpatigotreṇa gotravatyāḥ patisaṃnyāsena saṃnyāsaḥ | patyuḥ saliṅgatve liṅgavatī taireva liṅgaiḥ | aliṅgo
yājñavalkyasaṃnyāsaḥ | tasmātsulabhā liṅgarahitasaṃnyāsinī saubhāgyavatyapi tathaiva maitreyī tulyanyāyāt | ekā vairāgyaśīlā'parā strīsvabhāvā saṃnyāsaḥ sama ubhayorannidāhaḥ praiṣānadhikārāt
tasmācchāstrabāhyaḥ strīsaṃnyāsaḥ | “catvāro brāhmaṇasyoktā āśramāḥ
śruticoditāḥ | kṣatriyasya trayaḥ proktā dvāveko vaiśyaśūdrayoḥ |”
atra vacane puṃstvaṃ vivakṣitaṃ | ‘aṣṭame varṣe brāhmaṇamupanayīte’tivat
strīṇāṃ patyuraṅgatvenāśramadharmā na svatantrāḥ | kṣatriyavaiśyayostridaṇḍajagattyadhikāriṇorvyāhṛtyabhāvānna saṃnyāsaḥ | gāyatryadhikārapakṣepi trayo dvāviti niyamena baddhaḥ | etena ṛbhunidāghādayo bhavadudāhṛtāstyāgino viraktā vānaprasthāḥ saṃnyāsisadṛśāḥ pāśupatāḥ
na saṃnyāsina iti siddham | śāstrabādhāpekṣayā'śramabhramabādhasyaucityāt
nanu asti teṣāṃ brāhmaṇaśabdaḥ | ‘yo yajjāyate sa brāhmaṇastasmādrājanyaṃ vā vaiśyaṃ vā brāhmaṇa ityeva brūyādyo yajjāyate sa brāhmaṇa’
iti śatapathaśruteriti cedanayā śrutyā varṇadvayameva siddhaṃ | varṇatrayaṃ melayitvā brāhmaṇa ityeko rāśiḥ | śūdra ityeko rāśiḥ | yau
kṣatriyavaiśyāvanūdya brāhmaṇatvaṃ vidhatte tau kka yadi kṣatriyavaiśyāvucyete
tadā brāhmaṇa ityeva brūyāditi niyamavirodhaḥ | kṣatriyaṃ vaiśyaṃ na
80.4-2.3
brūyāditi niyamaphalāt | yadi brūṣe kṣatriyaṃ vaiśyaṃ tadā svamatacyutiruddeśyaviruddhavidheyāsiddheḥ | utpattimātreṇa brahmatvaṃ cecchūdreṇāpi
jitaṃ | vyavasthārthaṃ brahmaṇyonāvitiśrutiśeṣasvīkāre jitamasmābhiḥ | āpadā kṣatriyādivṛttimāśrito brāhmaṇo brāhmaṇa eva
taṃ rājanyaṃ vaiśyaṃ ca na brūyāditi śrutisamanvayaḥ | varṇāśramavyavasthā
ca | ataevopanayanasamaye liṅgabhedo darśitaḥ | ‘kāṣāyaṃ brāhmaṇasya
māñjiṣṭhaṃ kṣatriyasya hāridraṃ vaiśyasye’ti gṛhyasūtre | atra puṃstvaṃ vivakṣita | yadi kāṣāyādiliṅgavyavasthārthaṃ varṇabhedāṅgīkārastadā nirastaṃ
brāhmaṇaśabdavācyatva kṣatriyavaiśyayorbhavatā | svanirasta brāhmaṇatva
svaya vidhatte citra | varṇasampradāyamūla vacana 'kāṣāyamātrasāropi
yati pūjyo yudhiṣṭhire'ti bhīṣmasya | kāṣāyasāratva brāhmaṇānāmitareṣā nādhikāra | ataeva śvetāmbarā pītāmbarā digambarā iti
brāhmaṇetarasanyāsipu prasiddhāni liṅgāni | tasmādbrāhmaṇānāmevādhikāro vaidikakāṣāyādiliṅgadhāraṇe | tridaṇḍa ekadaṇḍo vā'stu
brāhmaṇānā kṣatriyāṇā ca liṅgabhedo darśita | 'dvāvimau puruṣau loke
sūryyamaṇḍalabhedinau | parivrāḍyogayuktaśca raṇe cābhimukho hata 'iti
eṣa kṣatriyasannyāso yadraṇe'bhimukhamaraṇa tasya liṅga śastra na vaiṇavo
daṇḍa | parivrājo yogayuktatāliṅga | na daṇḍādaṇḍo vā | yathāha
bhagavān—'maunānīhānilāyāmā daṇḍā vāgdehacetasām | nahyete
yasya santyaṅge veṇubhirna bhavedyati'riti daṇḍānā na yatilakṣaṇapraveśa
ityekādaśaskandhe | etena 'sarve caiva tridaṇḍina' iti smṛtirānta
80.4-2.4
radaṇḍaviṣayeti bhagavadabhiprāyo veditavya | veṇūnā maunādisahitānāmeva lakṣaṇapraveśa iti cenna | 'na liṅga dharmakāraṇami'ti
tatraiva vacanāntarāt | 'yogārūḍhasya na daṇḍa na kamaṇḍalumi'tyādi
niṣedhavākyaikavākyācca | tathāca gītāyā 'naiṣkarmyasiddhiṃ paramā
sanyāsenādhigacchati' | naiṣkarmyasiddhimiti | 'anyatra dharmādanyatrādharmādanyatrāsmātkṛtākṛtādi'ti brahmalakṣaṇam | paramā brahmabhāvarūpām | ittha sanyāsaphalamabhidadhatā sanyāsasakṣaṇamukta—
'ya sannyāsamiti prāhuryoga ta viddhi pāṇḍava | nahyasanyastasakalpo yogī bhavati kaścane'ti | saṅkalpamūlaiṣaṇātyāga 'samantrako
vyāhṛtipūrva sasākṣika sanyāso brahmabhāvaprada iti ślokadvayasyārtha | evamuktalakṣaṇasanyāse sati | 'ārurukṣormuneryoga karma
kāraṇamucyate | yogārūḍhasya tasyaiva śama kāraṇamucyate |' iti
tasya muneḥ saṃnyāsino'pi liṅgadhāraṇakālamaryādoktā yogārohaṇāntaṃ | tadanantaraṃ yogārohakarmaṇi prayuktāni śravaṇamananādīni
nāpekṣyante kutastarāṃ daṇḍādayaḥ kṛtakāryatvāt eṣa caturthīṃ bhūmimadhirūḍhaḥ | 'budho bālakavatkrīḍetkuśalo jaḍavaccaret | vadedunmattavadvidvān gocaryāṃ naigamaścaret' iti sthitiviṣayo bhavati | ataeva
'na daṇḍaṃ na kamaṇḍalumi'tyādiniṣedhacāritārthyaṃ | yogāroho nāma
brahmībhāvaḥ tacca siddhyati saṃnyāsāt kasmāt | aho bata jīvatvameṣaṇātrayamamatvaṃ tatyāgo brahmatvam | eṣa yogo yadā sidhyettadā
80.4-2.5
na karmāpekṣā'to na śikhāsūtrāpekṣā tato muṇḍanaṃ prāptaṃ karmaṇāmeṣaṇāmūlatvāt | eṣaṇāvyutthānakarmaṇi viniyuktaḥ praiṣamantro brahmībhāvaprado yaduccāreṇa saṃnyāsītyucyate | eṣaṇātrayatyāgaḥ samañcakaḥ
saṃnyāsaśabdārthaḥ | tataeva teṣāṃ brahmībhūtānāmiti saṃkalpaḥ
yaśca saṃnyāsābhāsastridaṇḍo nāmānekāśramasaṃkīrṇaliṅgaḥ kāmyakarmatyāgādhikārī sa gāyatrastasya na brahmībhūtasyeti saṃkalpaḥ
eṣaṇātyāge yatamānatvena naiṣkarmyasiddherabhāvāt | ata ubhayaṃ liṅgaṃ
śikhāsūtre daṇḍaśceti | eṣa prathamabhūmimārūḍhaḥ | āśramatrayasaṃkīrṇatvāttrayo daṇḍāḥ | śravaṇādhikārī | tato'sya yathādhikāraṃ
liṅgaprāptirdeve pitrye cādhikāradyotakaṃ śikhāsūtrameṣaṇātyāgapradyotakaṃ tridaṇḍaṃ | eṣaṇātyāge karmānadhikārānmuṇḍanamekadaṇḍaśca
'gāyatro vā pālāśa' iti śrutyā yathā pālāśadaṇḍo brahmacāriṇa
eṣaṇāpraviṣṭasya tathā nirjigamiṣostridaṇḍaṃ gāyatraṃ vaiṇavaṃ samāvṛttatvāt | ataeva karmādhikāraḥ | karmānadhikārānmuṇḍanaṃ yathā
tathā brāhmaṇa eva brahmībhāvāyācāryatvāya ca kalpate nānya iti
khyāpanāyaikadaṇḍaḥ praṇavāhvaḥ | 'mukhajānāmayaṃ dharmo yadviṣṇorliṃṅgadhāraṇam | bāhujātorujātānāṃ nāyaṃ dharmo vidhīyate' iti smṛtyācāryaliṅgaṃ brāhmaṇānāmeveti niyamena kṣatriyavaiśyayorniṣiddhaṃ
yadyetayostyāgo dṛśyeta tathāpi saṃnyāsaśabdaṃ nārhataḥ | 'yastu karmaphalatyāgī sa tyāgītyabhidhīyata' iti saṃnyāsaśabdo bādhyate
80.4-2.6
tyāgiśabdavidhānāt | nanu tyāgasaṃnyāsaśabdau paryāyau 'bhavatyatyāgināṃ pretya natu saṃnyāsināṃ kvacit' iti tyāgasaṃnyāsaśabdayorekārthābhidhānāditicedyuktamuktaṃ tyāgavyāpyo hi saṃnyāsastyāgaśabdenābhidhīyeta | tathāpi praiṣamantroccārādhikārānadhikārabhedena vyavasthāpanīyau | ataeva vyavacchinatti 'natu saṃnyāsināṃ kvacidi'ti | tasmāditareṣāṃ tyāgināṃ pretya phalaṃ bhavatīti
saṃbhāvyate | ataeva tyāgī bharato janmāntaraṃ bheje | yau svaputrācāryyatvameva brāhmaṇāya dattasayoḥ purohitagotreṇa gotravatoḥ
kathaṃ jagadguruliṅgadhāraṇādhikāraḥ | gurutvābhāvānniṣkarmādhikāraḥ
liṅgabādhālliṅgāntarāvidhānātkṣatriyādīnāṃ na saṃnyāsa iti janako
bhīṣmaśca na pravavrāja | etena nidāghādayastyāgino na saṃnyāsina
iti siddham | ataeva kṣatriyeṇa satā sarvajñenāpi kṛṣṇena gurutvaṃ
brāhmaṇebhyo dattaṃ | 'upadekṣyanti te jñānaṃ jñāninastattvadarśinaḥ' iti | te
prasiddhā brāhmaṇāstattvadarśino jñāninaḥ śābde pare ca niṣṇātāste tava
brāhmaṇajanmani | athavā'rjunasya viśeṣaṇaṃ jñānina iti | madupadeśātparokṣajñāninastava brāhmaṇajanmani tattvadarśinodepyatītyarthaḥ
aupaniṣadajñāne brāhmaṇānāmevādhikāra iti gamyate | etena janakayājñavalkyau vyākhyātau | ataeva 'karmaṇyevādhikāraste mā
phaleṣu kadācane'tyadhikāranirdeśaḥ | te tava kṣatriyatvāt | svasya
jñānitamasyāpi | tamevādhikāramāha | 'utsīdeyurime lokā na kuryāṃ
karma cedaham | saṃkarasya ca kartā syāmupahanyāmimāḥ prajāḥ' iti
ataeva kṣatriyasya traya āśramā naiṣkarmyādhikārābhāvāt | vaiśyasya
80.4-2.7
dvau śūdrasyaikaḥ iti catvāro'pyāśramiṇo na vrātyāḥ | śūdraḥ prasiddha
ekāśramī sarveṣāṃ dharmāṇāmāśrame saṃgrahāt | idamekāśramyaṃ kiṃ
tava saṃmataṃ | utāśramāntarāsaṃkīrṇaliṅgaḥ paramahaṃsa ekāśramī pūjyatamaḥ prasiddhatamaścāśramāntarānadhikārīti | idamaikāśramyamityācāryā iti dharmasūtrasyākūtamāśramāntarasya pāramahaṃsyāntatvāttadaṅgatvadeka evāśrama iti | 'brahmacaryātsamutpannasyāśramayajñasya saṃnyāso'vabhṛthaḥ | ataeva brahmacaryādeva vā pravraje'diti śrutiḥ saṅgatā
pūrṇāhutinyāyāt
nanu pratyakṣavidhānādgārhasthyasyeti tadantā āśramā iti cenna tadantatāsiddhiḥ karmaṇi bhāvepratyayāt bhāvakarmaṇoḥ pratyakṣatā vidhīyate
tathaikāśramyamityatrāpi | ekāśramakarmaṇā bhāvenā'saṃkīrṇaliṅgastiṣṭhet gṛhī ca saṃnyāsī ceti na tiṣṭhedityarthāt | gṛhiṇāṃ praiṣamantrābhyāso niṣidhyate | samāvṛttasya gṛhyāgni samāropya saṃnyāsavidhānānna nāśrame saṃkīrṇatvam | varṇāśramasāṃkaryavacanamācāryatvaṃ viruddhaṃ
brāhmaṇaśabda eva vyākarotyadhikāraṃ brahmaśabdāt 'tasyedaṃ'mityaṇi
brāhmaṇaśabdaḥ | tasmādyoniviśeṣo brahma tasyāyaṃ yonimahimnā
śāstrayonerbrahmaṇaḥ saṃvandhaḥ | tapaḥśrutābhyāṃ taddvigamastadā brāhmaṇyaṃ
ca saphalaṃ | tapaḥśrutābhāve jātibrāhmaṇa eva nānyastapaḥśrutādhikārānapagamāt | tasmāttaṃ brāhmaṇa ityeva brūyānnānyaṃ rājanyaṃ vā vaiśyaṃ vā
kiṃbahunā| itarayonerbrahmasaṃvandhakāra katvābhāvāttadutpanno brāhmīṃ dīkṣāṃ
80.4-2.8
saṃnyāsaṃ nārhatīti| guṇato varṇāṅgīkāre sāpiṇḍyocchedaprasaṅgo yadekajātānāmapi svabhāvā anekavidhāstadbhedādvarṇabhede sāpiṇḍyādarśanāccatvāro'pi bhrātaro'sapiṇḍāstato mṛtāśaucādyavyavasthāpattiḥ yonita
eva varṇāṅgīkāre jātidharmavyavasthāsiddhiḥ | tatsiddhaye kṣatriyatvavaināma grāhī dīkṣā yogastamabhipretya 'karmā'śuklakṛṣṇaṃ yoginastrividhamitareṣāmi' tisūtrayāmāsa patañjalirvaidikamārgapaṇḍita | bhagavānapi gītāyā 'aniṣṭamiṣṭaṃ miśraṃ ca trividhaṃ karmaṇa phalam
bhavatyatyāgināṃ pretya natu sanyāsināṃ kvacidi'ti | nanu citrametat
kvāyaṃ veṣātmā sanyāsa kutra mokṣo na yatra phalasambandha | na citraṃ
tat | eṣa saskāramahimā | ataeva śāstra saphala | kiṃ na jānīṣe
vaiyāsikaṃ sūtraṃ 'tadadhigama uttarapūrvāghayoraśleṣavināśāvi'ti
sanyāsa eva tadadhigama pratibandhakṣayāt | ataeva 'uddharetsapta
gotrāṇi kulamekottara śatamiti sanyāsaphalam | 'yatkaroṣī'ti
gītāślokoddhārastu na sanyāsastatraiva karmādhikārapratipādanāt | iti
caturthaṃ pulāka
Linked texts (2)
- Southern recension — Sanskrit
- Critical edition (BORI, Bhīṣmaparvan 23–40) — Sanskrit