A Cluster of Nyāya Flowers 1.16
Nyāyamañjarīgranthibhaṅga 1.16
- Language
- Sanskrit
1.16.1
śāstrameva svargāpavargapratipādakam iha prekṣāpūrvakāriṇaḥ puruṣārthasampadamabhivāñchantastatsādhanādhigamopāyamantareṇa tadavāptimamanyamānāstadupāyopāyagamanimittameva prathamamanveṣante | dṛṣṭādṛṣṭabhedena ca tadvividhaḥ puruṣārthasya panthāḥ | tasya dṛṣṭe viṣaye ruciḥ prarūḍhavṛddhavyavahārasiddhānvayavyatirekādhigatasādhanabhāve bhojanādāvanapekṣitaśāstrasyaiva bhavati pravṛttiḥ 'na hi malinaḥ snāyāt', 'bubhukṣito vā'śnīyāt' iti śāstramupayujyate | adṛṣṭe tu svargāpavargamātre naisargikamohāndhatamasaviluptālokasya lokasya śāstrameva prakāśaḥ| tadeva sakalaṃsadupāyadarśane divyaṃ cakṣurasmadādenaṃ yogināmiva yogasamādhijajñānādyupāyāntaramapīti | tasmādasmadādeḥ śāstramevādhigantavyam |
1.16.2
yogasamādhijeti | yogo dvividhaḥ - samprajñāto'samprajñātaśca | yoga eva krameṇa samādhyavasthāmasamprajñātatvalakṣaṇāṃ samprāpto yogasamādhiḥ | kevalayogagrahaṇe kriyamāṇe samprajñāte'pi sa pratyayaḥ syāditi samādhigrahaṇam | samādhiśabde tu yogaśabdaṃ vinokte yamaniyamādiyogāṅgāṣṭakamadhyavartini yogāṅge samādhau prasaṅgo na nivarteta ityubhayagrahaṇenābhīṣṭārthapratipādanān nāsti paunaruktyam | yogasamādhiśabdayorhi paryāyatayā paunaruktyamāśaṅkate, tadeva nāsti | yadā ātmāderyathābhūtena svarūpeṇa samyak prakarṣeṇa jñānam, tadā samprajñāto yogaḥ sabījaḥ samādhirbhaṇyate | yadā tu viparyayo'bhyāsakrameṇa svarūpeṇāpyātmanaḥ samprajñātābhāvaḥ, tadā'samprajñāto yogo nirbījaḥ samādhiḥ | yogāṅgasya punaḥ samādherlakṣaṇam "tadevārthamātranirbhāsaṃ svarūpaśūnyamiva samādhiḥ" iti | tacchabdenātra sūtre 'tatra pratyayaikatānatā dhyānam" iti prāksūtranirdiṣṭaṃ dhyānaṃ parāmṛṣṭam | sarvo hi śāstrārtha iti | sarvaḥ kāmyanityādiḥ śāstrārthaḥ puruṣārthe svargapratyavāyaparihārādau paryavasyati | na svarūpaniṣṭhaḥ, yathā prābhākarā nityān kartavyatvādeva kartavyānāhuḥ, na puruṣārthahetutvena, kāmyairaviśeṣaprasaṅgaḥ syāditi vadantaḥ |
1.16.3
itihāsapurāṇābhyāmapīti | tayorhi vedavihitameva kvacit tatpratiṣiddham, kvacid viśiṣṭapuruṣācaraṇadvāreṇa viśiṣṭaphalapradatvena pradarśitam 'idaṃ karmāmunā samācaritam, so'pyevaṃrūpeṇāniṣṭena phalena yogaṃ prāpa' iti vaidika evārtho viśiṣṭapuruṣānuṣṭhānatatphalakīrtanena pratanyate | yathā daśarathādervedavedoditāṃ putreṣṭyādikriyāmanuṣṭhitavato rāmabharatādiputrajanmapravartanam; nahuṣādeśca brāhmaṇāvagūraṇādiniṣiddhācaraṇenājagaratvāptyādyaniṣṭaphalakīrtanam | tathā ca loke vyādhitā na tathā vaidyopadiṣṭauṣadhādisevane pravartante, yathā pārśvasthoktāḥ 'idamauṣadhaṃ sevyatām, asmin hi sevite mamānyasya caiṣa vyādhirāśveva vinaṣṭa iti | vedaṃ samupabṛṃhayet iti | vaidikāni vidhivākyāni paurāṇikairaitihāsikaiśca tatphalaparairūpākhyānairvimiśrayedityarthaḥ | na ca samyag madabhidheyānuṣṭheyasārūpyād mayā vedaprāmāṇyasādhakānāmeva nyāyavistarapadavācyatvam vaiśeṣikāstu nyāyavistarānupāyinaḥ nyāyavistarasyaivānvīkṣikīpadavācyatvam vidyāsthānānāṃ caturdaśatvanirṇayaḥ
1.16.4
upasarjanaṃ nopasarjanamiti | ‘idamupasarjanamataḥ padāntarasāpekṣaṃ na samasyate, idantu nopasarjanaṃ pradhānam, ataḥ padāntarasāpekṣamapi samasyate’ iti 15 na kāraṇam | vigrahavākyasamānārthateti vocyate | tarhi viśeṣato gṛhyate niścīyate samāsārthaḥ | tathā hi--‘rājapuruṣaḥ’ ityādau kiṃ ‘rājñaḥ puruṣaḥ’ āhosvit ‘rājā puruṣo yasya’ atha ‘rājā cāsau puruṣaśca’ ityādyāḥ śaṅkāḥ ‘rājñaḥ puruṣaḥ’ ityanena nivartante | tena vigrahavākyena tulyārthatā yatra tatra samāsaḥ | ‘rājapuruṣaḥ śobhanaḥ’ ityatra ‘rājñaḥ puruṣaḥ śobhanaḥ’ iti vigrahavākyāsamānārthatayā samāso na, pradhānasya 20 sāpekṣatvāt | ‘ṛddhasya rājñaḥ puruṣaḥ’ ityetadvigrahavākyasamānārthatvābhāvād ‘ṛddhasya rājapuruṣaḥ’ ityasamāsaḥ, nopasarjanasya sāpekṣatvāt | śabdānuśāsanamityatra śabdānāmanuśāsanamiti samāsaḥ, keṣāṃ śabdānāmityetatsāpekṣasyāpi ‘śabda’śabdasya, anyathā samāse guṇībhūtasya keṣāmiti pratyavamarśo na syāt | anyajñānānaupayikamiti | anyajñānamanaupayikamadvāramanupāyo yasya | upāya 25 evaupayikamiti svārthe vinayādipāṭhāt ṭhak hrasvaśca | anyajñānasya vā'nupāyaḥ sadapavargasādhanaṃ na punaḥ pramāṇādijñānamiva prameyajñānopāyatayetyarthaḥ | upamānaṃ tu kvacit karmaṇi sopayogaṃ 'gavayamālabheta' ityādau | saṃśayamantareṇa nyāyapravṛttiriti | yadā kāryāntaraprayukto deśāntaraṃ gacchan sahasaiva dhūmāvalokanādagnimanumimīte, tadā saṃśayaṃ vināpi nyāyapravṛtterupalambhaḥ |
1.16.5
nanu tattvajñānapadena gatārthatvānna pṛthag vaktavyo nirṇayaḥ, nirṇayo hi tattvajñānameva | astyetat, kiṃ tu ṣoḍaśapadārthatattvajñānaṃ pramāṇāntarakaraṇakamapi bhavati | na tasya nyāyoparamahetutvam, eṣa tu sādhanadūṣaṇasaranikṣobhdajanmā nirṇayastaduparamahetuḥ pṛthagupādānamantareṇa na labhyate | nanvanumānapadādeva, tarhi yathābhilaṣito lapsyate nirṇayaḥ ? tadayuktam | anumānaphalaṃ nirṇayaḥ, nānumānam | karaṇasya pramāṇatvānnirṇayopādānamantareṇa tadanumānamaphalamaparyavasitaṃ syāt | ubhābhyāṃ tarhi tattvajñānānumānapadābhyāmayamākṣetsyate nirṇayaḥ, anumānasya tattvajñānāntatvāt ? na nirṇayopādānād vinā tadantatvāsiddheḥ, liṅgābhāsasamutthatattvajñānābhāsasambhavāt | nanu saṃśayapūrvakatvādumānasya sāmarthyānnirṇayāntataiva bhaviṣyatīti saṃśayānumānatattvajñānairgaṃtārtho nirṇayaḥ ? maivam; saṃśayapūrvakatve'pyanumānasya tadābhāsopajanitanirṇayābhāsasambhavāt | na caiṣa niyamaḥ saṃśayapūrvakamanumānamiti | tasmādanumānasya viśiṣṭanirṇayāvasānatvalābhāya nirṇayapadamupādeyamityalaṃ prasaṅgena | vāde tu vicāryamāṇe nyāyaḥ saṃśayacchedanenādhyavasitāvabodham, adhyavasitābhyanujñātañca vidadhat tattvapariśuddhimādadhātīti vītarāgaiḥ śiṣyasabrahmacāribhiḥ saha vādaḥ prayoktavyaḥ | sa cāśayaśuddhimupadarśayitumiti | tarkasya prāṅnītyā yadyapi svataḥ sādhanabhāvo nāsti, tathāpyāśayaśuddhi vītarāgatvaṃ prakaṭayitum | tarkakrameṇa svārthānumānakāle yathāpratipannaḥ svayamasāvarthastathaiva parasya pratipādyate, vītarāgakathātvād vādasyeti |
1.16.6
saṃśayānumānatattvajñānairiti | saṃśaye sati yadanumānaṃ tata utpadyate yat tattvajñānam, tannirṇayasvabhāvameveti | āha ca bhāṣyakāra iti | bhāṣyakāro hi—seyamānvīkṣikī pramāṇādipadārthaiḥ pravibhajyamānetyetatsāpekṣatvaṃ ślokamimaṃ papāṭha—pradīpaḥ sarvavidyānāmiti | seyamānvīkṣikī vidyoddeśākhye nītiśāstraprakaraṇe parīkṣitā | yā sarvavidyānāṃ madhye pradīpa śāstrapravṛttiprakāraḥ trividhā cāsya śāstrasya pravṛttiruddeśo lakṣaṇaṃ parīkṣeti | nāmadheyena padārthābhidhānamuddeśaḥ | uddiṣṭasya tattvavyavasthāpako dharmo lakṣaṇam | lakṣitasya tallakṣaṇamupapadyate na veti vicāraḥ parīkṣā | nanu ca vibhāgalakṣaṇā caturthyapi pravṛttirastyeva, bhedavatsu pramāṇasiddhāntacchalādiṣu tathāvyavahārāt | satyam | prathamasūtropadiṣṭe bhedavati padārthe bhavatyeva vibhāgaḥ, uddeśarūpānapāyāttu uddeśa evāsau | sāmānyasañjñayā kīrtanamuddeśaḥ, prakārabhedasañjñayā kīrtanaṃ vibhāga iti | tathā coddeśatayaiva tatra tatra bhāṣyakāro vyavaharati 'ayathārthaḥ pramāṇoddeśaḥ' ityākṣepe, tasmād 'yathārtha eva pramāṇoddeśaḥ' iti ca samādhānamabhidadhānaḥ | tasmāttrividhaiva pravṛttiḥ | tatroddeśaḥ prathamamavaśyaṃ kartavyo'nuddiṣṭasya lakṣaṇaparīkṣānupapatteḥ | sāmānyaviśeṣalakṣaṇayorapi paurvāparyaniyamo'styeva, alakṣite sāmānye viśeṣalakṣaṇāvasrābhāvāt | parīkṣā tu lakṣaṇottarakālabhāvinīti tatsvarūpanirūpaṇādeva gamyate | vibhāgasāmānyalakṣaṇayostu nāsti paurvāparyaniyamaḥ, pūrvaṃ vā sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ tato vibhāgaḥ pūrvaṃ vā vibhāgastataḥ sāmānyalakṣaṇamucyata iti | tadihoddeśastāvadvyākhyātaḥ |
1.16.7
ārṣaṃ dharmopadeśañca vedaśāstrāvirodhinā | yastarkeṇānusandhatte sa dharmaṃ veda netaraḥ || ityatastadadhīnatvād dharmavibodhasyāśrayaḥ sarvadharmāṃṇāmityuktam | ayathārthaḥ pramāṇoddeśa iti | 'na catuṣṭvamaitihyārthāpattisambhavābhāvaprāmāṇyāt' ityasya vibhāgākṣepasūtrasyāvataraṇikāyām 'ayathārthaḥ pramāṇoddeśaḥ' iti bhāṣyakṛd vibhāgamuddeśaśabdena vyājahāra | bodhābodhasvabhāvati | viśeṣaṇajñānāderbodhasvabhāvasya tatrānupraveśād bodhābodhasvabhāvetyuktam | catasṛṣu vidhāsviti | tattvaṃ parisamāpyate, arthaḥ parisamāpto bhavati; nādhikāpekṣopayujyata ityarthaḥ | sannipatya janakatvamiti | anyakārakavyāpārāmyavadhīyamānavyāpāratvaṃ sannipatya 25 janakatvam | phalotpādāvinābhāvisvabhāvo yāvanna bhavati, tāvat kathamavaśyatayā kāryajanako bhavet, tādrūpyaṃ ca sāmagrīto nānyasyeti | nanu mukhyayoḥ pramātṛprameyayoriti | tatkālaṃ pramāmakurvannapi yogyatayā yaḥ pramāteti bhaṇyate sa gauṇaḥ, yastu tatkālameva pramājanmani vyāpriyate sa mukhyaḥ | evaṃ prameyamapi | kārakakalāpaniṣpādyadravyāntarābhāve'pīti | vijātīyānāṃ dravyārambhakatvādarśanāditi bhāvaḥ |
1.16.8
tasmāt kartṛkarmavilakṣaṇā saṃśayaviparyayarahitārthavibodhavidhāyinī bodhābodhasvabhāvā sāmagrī pramāṇamiti yuktamityatra sāmagrīśabdaḥ samagrapradhāno draṣṭavyaḥ | kartṛkarmavyatiriktaṃ janakaṃ yat tat pramāṇamityarthaḥ | anyathā hyupakrame kartṛkarmavyatiriktasya kārakamātrasyodāharaṇapradarśanena pramāṇatvaṃ pratijñāyopasaṃhāre samagracāstatpratipādanenopakramopasaṃhārayorvirodhaḥ syāt | etacca yathopalabdhapāṭhānuraṇena vyākhyātam | spaṣṭagamanikāprāyaṃ cet pāṭhāntaraṃ kvacid bhavet, tat saiva gamanikā'stu | evamanyatrāpi pāṭhaniścaye draṣṭavyam | tathā ca saṃśayaviparyayātmakamiti | yadā karaṇasādhanena pramāṇaśabdena loke vyavahāraḥ evaṃ sati phalasya pramārūpasyāprāmāṇyaṃ sidhyati | phalapramāṇapakṣe punaḥ saṃśayajñānasya, pramāṇalakṣaṇavirahād yat kvacit siddhaṃ prāmāṇyaṃ 'saṃśayito'yamarthaḥ' ityādau viśeṣaṇatvena taddhīyate | phalāntarājanakatvena ca yadaprāmāṇyamakārakasya phalasya, tadapi na parigṛhītaṃ bhavatīti tātparyam | nanu phalātmakatvena tasyārthādhigame vyāpṛtatvāt pramāṇatvaṃ bhaviṣyati, tannetyāha“pramāṇāddhi bhinnaṃ phalam” iti | anye tulyasāmagryadhīnayoriti | ajanako'pyarthaḥ sahabhāvijñānena gṛhyata iti nirākārajñānavādināṃ vaibhāṣikāṇāṃ darśanam | ajanakasya ca grāhakatve'nyasyāpi tatkālabhāvino'rthakṣaṇasya tajjñānaṃ kimiti na grāhakamityatiprasaṅganivāraṇāya tulya
1.16.9
sāmagryadhīnayorityuktam | ekasāmagryutpannatvena tasyaiva tad grāhakam, nānyasya; yathaitadgrahaṇe tulyasāmagryadhīnatvaṃ tasya niyāmakamsti tathā'nyagrahaṇe na kiñcidastītyarthaḥ | pūrvabhāvī svasantānagatasadṛśakṣaṇa upādānakāraṇam | yaduktam- "sabhāgahetuḥ sadṛśāḥ svasantānabhuvo kṣaṇāḥ |" iti | tadanyaḥ sahakārikāraṇam | tathā cāhuḥ"tato'nye kāraṇaṃ hetuḥ sahabhūyaṃ mithaḥ phalāḥ |" iti | yatpunardvitīyamupādānakāraṇalakṣaṇaṃ kṛtam-'yadutpattau yatsantānanivṛttistattasyopādānakāraṇam' iti tad visadṛśotpādābhiprāyam | tathāhi-ghaṭotpattau mṛtpiṇḍasantānanivṛttiḥ; anutpanne hi ghaṭe mṛtpiṇḍakṣaṇā eva santānenotpadyante ghaṭe tūtpanne ghaṭakṣaṇā iti | api ca karmaṇi jñānaṃ pramāṇamiṣyata iti | karma hi viṣayo bhaṇyate, viṣayaśca sa bhavati yamālambya bhūtamabhūtaṃ jñānaṃ sattāṃ pratilabhate | na cāyaṃ nyāyaḥ sahotpadyamānayorasti | atraiva sāmānyena bauddhadarśanamātrāśrayaṇena jñāpakamāha-yathoktam, savyāpāramivābhātīti | nanu ca sākārajñānavādināmidaṃ vacanam | tathā ca pūrvamardham- tatraiva bhāṭṭamatam vastusvabhāvasyāparyaṃnuyojyatvāditi | yadi brūyāt tulye kārakatve kathamarthasyaiva pratibhāsyatvaṃ na cakṣurāderiti, tatrottaram–‘vastusvabhāvo'yam’ iti | tathā ca bhavadbhirapi paryaṃnuyuktaiḥ ‘tulye janakatve kathamarthasyaivākāragrāhi jñānam, nākṣāṇām’ iti vastusvabhāvo'yam, ityevottaraṃ deyam | śābarā ityādinā bhāṭṭaṃ pakṣamupakramate | jñātṛvyāpāramantareṇeti | niḥsaṃrambhā-
1.16.10
nānyathā hyarthasadbhāvo dṛṣṭaḥ sannupapadyate | jñānañcennetyataḥ paścātpramāṇamupakalpyate || iti | tanmatakhaṇḍanam vasthāparihāreṇa viṣayaunmukhyalakṣaṇā sasaṃrambhāvasthā'tra jñātṛvyāpāraḥ | nānyathā hyarthasadbhāva iti | dṛṣṭatvaviśiṣṭārthasadbhāvo'nyathānupapadyamāno jñānaṃ paścāt kalpayatītyarthadarśanakāle jñānāvedakapramāṇābhāvānnākāradvayopalambhacodyaprasaṅgāvarakāśaḥ | paścāt pramāṇamupakalpyate | jñānagrāhakaṃ pramāṇaṃ.... (agre granthastruṭitaḥ )
Linked texts (1)
- Nyāyamañjarī — Jayanta Bhaṭṭa, Sanskrit