Nyayasutra 5
Nyāyasūtravṛtti 5
- Language
- Sanskrit
Contents
- 5.4 — 2 parts
5.1
atra ca sādharmyādīnāṃ kāryyāntānāṃ dvande taiḥ samāhṛtya rthāt sādharmyasamādayaścaturviṃśatijātaya ityarthaḥ atra ca jāte rviśeṣyatvātsamāśabdaṃ manyante bhāṣyavārttikādau samaśabdaḥ adhi maṅkhyepu tu samaśabdonirvvāda eva tatra jātiśabdasya klīli ṅgatayā yadyapi nāntrayastathāpi pratiṣedhoviśeṣya iti bhāṣyādayaḥ vayantu tadvikalpāditi sūtrasthavikalpasyaiva viśeṣyatvaṃ vividhaḥ
5.2
tyaghaṭavaidharmyādamūrttatvānnityaḥ syādviśeṣovā vaktavyaiti atra sādharmyatvamātraṃ vaidharmyalamātraṃ vā gamakataupayikamityabhimā nāt satpratipakṣadeśanābhāse ceme anaikāntikadeśanābhāseti vārttike tvanaikāntikapadaṃ yogātsatpratipakṣaparaṃ ekāntataḥ sādhya sādhakatvābhāvāt |
anayorasaduttaratve bījamāha |
5.3
gotvāt gosiddhirgovyavahāraiti sampradāyaḥ vayantu gotvā dgavetarāsamavetatve sati gosamavetātsākṣāditaḥ etena vyāpti pakṣadharmmatve darśite gorgotvasya tādātmyena goreva vā siddhiryathā tathaiva kṛtakatvādapi vyāptipakṣadharmatāsahitādanityatvasiddhi rnatu vyāptipakṣadharmatārahitāt sādharmyamātrāt tathāsati adūpa kasādharmyātprameyatvāditattvadvacanamapyadūpakaṃ syādityayaṃ viśeṣaḥ |
iti satpratipakṣadeśanābhāsāprakaraṇaṃ |
58 || kramaprāptaṃ jātiṣaṭkaṃ nirūpayati |
5.4.1
utkarṣeṇa samautkarṣasamaevamapakarṣasamo'pi varṇyavarṇya sādhyeti bhāvapradhāneānirdeśaḥ varyyattvādinā samovarhyasamādiḥ 5 adhyāyaḥ avidyamānadharmmāropautkarṣaḥ vidyamānadharmmāpacayo 'pakarṣaḥ varṇyatvaṃ varṇanīyatvaṃ tacca sandigdhasādhyakatvādi tadbhāvo'varṇyatvaṃ vikalpo dvaividhyaṃ sādhyatvaṃ pañcāvayavasādhanīyatvaṃ sādhyadṛṣṭāntayo rdharmavikalpāditi pañcānāmutthānabījaṃ ubhayasādhyatvāditi ṣaṣṭhasya tadayamarthaḥ sādhyate'neti sādhyaṃ pakṣaḥ tathāca sādhyadṛṣṭā ntayorityasya pakṣadṛṣṭāntayoranyatarasminnityarthaḥ dharmavikalpo dharmasya vaicitryaṃtacca kvacitsattvaṃ kvacidasattvaṃ prakṛte sādhyasādhanānya tararūpasya dharmasya vikalpātsattvāyo'vidyamānadharmmāropaḥ sa utkarṣasamaḥ vyāptimapuraskṛtya pakṣadṛṣṭāntānyatarasmin sādhya sādhanānyatareṇāvidyamānadharmmaprasañjanaṃ utkarṣasamaiti phali tārthaḥ yathā śabdo'nityaḥ kṛtakatvāditi sthāpanāyāṃ anityatvaṃ kṛtakatvaṃ ghaṭe rūpasahacaritamataḥ śabdo'pi rūpavān syāt tathāca vivakṣitaviparītasādhanādviśeṣaviruddhohetustaddeśanābhā sāceyaṃevaṃ śrāvaṇaśabdasādharmyātkṛtakalādvaṭo'piśrāvaṇaḥsyād viśeṣāt vastutastu ghaṭe śrāvaṇatvāpādane'rthāntaramatauktalakṣaṇe dṛṣṭāntapadaṃ sādhyapadañca na deyaṃ apakarṣasamāyāntu dharmavikalpaḥ dharmasya sahacaritadharmasya vikalpo'sattvaṃ tataḥ apakarṣaḥ sādhya sādhanānyatarasyābhāvaprasañjanaṃ tathāca pakṣadṛṣṭāntānyatarasmin vyāptimapuraskṛtya sahacaritadharmābhāvena hetusādhyāmyatarābhāva prasañjanamapakarṣasamā yathā śabdo'nityaḥ kṛtakatvādityatra yadyanityatvasahacaritaghaṭadharmāt kṛtakatvādanityaḥ śabdastadā kṛtakatvānityatvasahacaritaghaṭadharmarūpavattvavyāvṛttyā śabde kṛta katvasyānityatvasya ca vyāvṛttiḥsyāt ādye'siddhideśanā dvitīye bādhadeśanā evaṃ śabde kṛtakatvasahacaritaśrāvaṇatvasya saṃyogā dāvanityatvakṛtakatvasahacaritaguṇatvasya ca vyāvṛttyā ghaṭe'nitya tvaṃ kṛtakatvañca vyāvartateti dṛṣṭānte sādhyasādhanavaikalyadeśanābhā sā'pīyaṃ yattuvārttikeśabdo nīrūpaiti ghaṭo'pinīrūpaḥ syāditya pakarṣaiti tadasat ghaṭe nīrūpatvāpādanasyārthāntaratvāt ācā ryyakharaso'pyevaṃ yattu vaidharmyasamāyāatraivāntarbhāvaḥ syāditi tanna upadheyasaṅkare'pyupādherasaṅkarāt varṇyasamāyāntu sādhyaḥ siddhābhāvavānsandigdhasādhyakādirvā tasya dharmaḥ sandigdhasādhya kādivṛtti hetustasya vikalpātsattvāt dṛṣṭāntevarṇyatvasya sandigdha sādhyakatvasyāpādanaṃ varṇyasamā tadayamarthaḥ pakṣavṛttirheturgama kaḥ pakṣaśca sandigdhasādhyakastathāca sandigdhasādhyakavṛttirhetu stvayā dṛṣṭānte'pi svīkāryyaḥ tathāca dṛṣṭāntasyāpi sandigdha sādhyakatvātsapakṣavṛttitvāniścayādasādhāraṇīhetustaddeśanābhā sā ceyaṃ hetuḥ sandigdhasādhyakavṛttiryadi na dṛṣṭānte tadāgama kahetvabhāvātsādhanavikalodṛṣṭāntaḥ syāditi bhāvaḥ avarṇyasa māyāntu dṛṣṭānte siddhasādhyake yodharmohetastasya sattvāt pakṣe śabdādāvasandigdhasādhyakatvāpādanamavarṇyasamā dṛṣṭānte hetoryā dṛśatvaṃ tādṛśohetureva gamakaityabhimānena evamāpādanaṃ dṛṣṭānte yohetuḥ siddhasādhyakavṛttiḥ sacenna pakṣe tadāgamakahai tvabhāvāt svarūpāsiddhiḥ syāttasmāttādṛśoheturavaśyaṃ pakṣatvābhi mate svīkāryyaḥ tathāca sandigdhasādhyakatvalakṣaṇapakṣatvābhāvā dāśrayāsiddhiḥ asiddhideśanābhāsā ceyaṃ vikalpasamāyāntu pakṣe dṛṣṭānte ca yodharmastasya vikalpo viruddhaḥ kalpyovyabhicāritvaṃ upalakṣaṇaṃ caitat anyavṛttitvadharmasyāpi bodhyaṃ vyabhicāro'pi hetordharmāntaraṃ prati dharmāntarasya sādhyaṃ prati dharmāntarasya dharmāntaraṃ prati vā tathāca kasyaciddharmasya kvacidvyabhicāradarśa nena dharmatvāviśeṣāt prakṛtahetoḥ prakṛtasādhyaṃ prati vyabhicārā pādanaṃ vikalpasamā yathā śabdo'nityaḥ kṛtakatvādityatra kṛta katvasya gurutvavyabhicāradarśanādgurutvasyānityatvavyabhicāradarśa nādanityatvasya mūrttatvavyabhicāradarśanāddharmatvāviśeṣāt kṛta katvamapyanityatvaṃ vyabhicaredityanaikāntikadeśanābhāsā ceyaṃ pakṣadṛṣṭāntādeḥ prakṛtasādhyatulyatāpādanaṃ sādhyasamā 'tatrādya māśrayaḥ etatprayogasādhyasyaivānumitiviṣayatvaṃ tathā ca pakṣā deranumitiviṣayatvāt sādhyavadetatprayogasādhyatvaṃ ataḥ sādhya samā tathāhi pakṣādeḥ pūrvvaṃ siddhatve etat prayogasādhyatvābhā vānnānumitiviṣayatvaṃ pūrvvamasiddhatve pakṣāderjñānādāśrayā
5.4.2
siddhādayastaddeśanābhāsā ceyaṃ sūtrārthastu ubhayasādhyatvāt ubhayaṃ pakṣadṛṣṭāntau taddharmo hetvādiḥ tatsādhyatvaṃ tadadhīnānumiti viṣayatvaṃ sādhyasyeva pakṣāderapīti tulyatāpādanamiti liṅgopa hitabhānamate liṅgasyāpyanumitiviṣayatvāt sādhyasamatvaṃ hetośca sādhyatve hetumāndṛṣṭānto'pi sādhya ityāśayaḥ |
5.5
kiñcitsādharmyāt sādharmyaviśeṣāt vyāptisahitāt upasaṃhāra siddheḥ sādhyasiddheḥ vaidharmyādatadviparītāt vyāptinirapekṣādvai dharmyamātrāt bhavatā kṛtaḥ pratiṣedhona sambhavatītyarthaḥ anyathā prameyatvarūpāsādhakasādharmyāt taddūṣaṇamapyasamyak syāditi bhāvaḥ tathā cāyaṃ kramaḥ anityatvavyāpyāt kṛtakatvāt śabde'nitya tvamupasaṃharāmo na tu kṛtakatvaṃ rūpasyāpi vyāpyaṃ yena tato rūpamapyā pādanīyaṃ śabde evaṃ anityatvaṃ na rūpavyāpyaṃ yena rūpābhāvāda nityatvābhāvaḥ śabde syāt evaṃ varṇedharme'pi kiñcitsādharmyāt vyāpyatāvacchedakāvacchinnāddhetoḥ sādhyasiddhiḥ tādṛśa hetumattva ñca dṛṣṭāntatāprayojakaṃ na tu pakṣe yāvadviśeṣaṇāvacchinno hetustā vadavacchinnahetumattvaṃ anyathā tvayā'pi dūṣaṇe yo dṛṣṭāntīkarttavyaḥ ṣo'pi na syāt evamavarṇyasame'pi vyāpyatāvacchedakāva cchinnasya dṛṣṭāntadṛṣṭasya pakṣe sattvātsādhyasiddhinaṃtu dṛṣṭānta vṛttiyāvaddharmāvacchinnasya pakṣe sattvaṃ evaṃ vikalpasame'pi prakṛta sādhyavyāpyāt prakṛtahetoḥ sādhyasiddhistadvaidharmāt yatkiñcidvya bhicārāt kutaḥ pratiṣedhopa sambhavati nahi yatkiñcidvyabhi cārādeva prakṛtahetoḥ prakṛtasādhyāsādhakatvamatiprasaṅgāt evaṃ sādhyasame'pi vyāpyāddhetoḥ siddhe pakṣe sādhyasiddhinaṃtu pakṣadṛṣṭā ntādyo'pyanena sādhyante tathāsati kvacidapi sādhyasiddhirna syāt tadīyadūṣaṇamapi vilīyeta |
varṇyavarṇyasādhyasamāsu samādhyantaramapyāha |
5.6
dṛṣṭāntopapattirdṛṣṭāntatopapattiḥ sādhyātideśāt dṛṣṭā nte hi sādhyamatidiśyate tāvataiva dṛṣṭāntatvamupapadyate natvaśeṣo dharmāḥ pakṣadṛṣṭāntayorabhedāpatteḥ pakṣāderapi sādhyasamatvametena pratyuktaṃ dṛṣṭāntodṛṣṭāntaḥ pakṣaḥ tasmādvahnimānityataḥ pakṣotkī rttanāttathāca sādhyasyātideśāt sādhanāt pakṣaityucyate natu yakṣo'pi sādhyate'tiprasaṅgāditi bhāvaḥ |
kramaprāptau prāpyaprāptisamau lakṣayati |
dṛṣṭāntasya kāraṇaṃ pramāṇaṃ tadanapadeśo'nabhidhānaṃ abhi dhānaṃ cāpratiprayojakaṃ tathāca dṛṣṭāntasya sādhyavattve pramāṇā bhāvāt pratyavasthānamarthaḥ yadyapīdaṃ saduttarameva tathāpi dṛṣṭānte pramāṇaṃ vācyaṃ tatrāpi pramāṇāntaramityanavasthayā pratyavasthāne tātparyyaṃ taduktamācāyyairanavasthābhāsaprasaṅgaḥ prasaṅgasamaiti etanmate hetorhetvantaramityanavasthā'pi prasaṅgasamaeva pūrvvamate tu hetvanavasthādikaṃ vakṣyamāṇachatigaṇeṣvantarbhūtamiti viśeṣaḥ ana vasthāderjñānābhāsā cayaṃ pratidṛṣṭāntasamaḥ pratyeyavyaḥ pratidṛṣṭā ntena pratyavasthānāt pratidṛṣṭāntasamaḥ etacca sāvadhāraṇaṃ tena pratidṛṣṭāntamātrabalena pratyavasthānamarthaḥ tena sādharmyasamā vyudāsaḥ yadi ghaṭadṛṣṭāntabalenānityaḥ śabdaḥ tadākāśadṛṣṭānta balena nitya eva syāt nityaḥ kiṃ na syāditi bādhaḥ pratirodhā vāpādanīyaḥ heturanaṅgaṃ dṛṣṭāntamātrabalādeva sādhyasiddhiritya bhimānaḥ bādhapratirodhānyataradeśanābhāsā ceyaṃ |
9||
prasaṅgasame pratyuttaramāha |
5.7
hetoriti sādhakatvamiti śeṣaḥ prāptipakṣe doṣamāha prāptyā'viśiṣṭatvāditi dvayorapi prāptatvāviśeṣāt kiṅkasya sādhakaṃ aprāptipakṣe doṣamāha aprāptyeti aprāptasya sādhakatve'tiprasaṅgāt sādhakatvañcātra kārakajñāpakasādhāraṇaṃ evañca kārakajñāpaka lakṣaṇaṃ sādhanaṃ kāryyajñāpyalakṣaṇena sādhyena sambaddhaṃ satsādhakaṃ cettadā sattvāviśeṣānna kāryakāraṇabhāvaḥ tatsambandhasya prāgeva jñātatvānna jñāpyajñāpakabhāvaḥ prāptayorna janyajanakabhāvaḥ prāpta tvena lavaṇodakayorivābhedādityābhyatyanye tathā ca prāptyā'viśeṣādaniṣṭāpādanena pratyavasthānaṃ prāptisamā yadicāprāptaṃ liṅgaṃ sādhyabuddhiṃ janayati sādhyābhāvabuddhimapi kintena na janayet aprāptatvāviśeṣāt tathācāprāptyā sādhakatvādaniṣṭāpādanama prāptisamā pratikūlatarkadeśena bhāṣe ceme |
anayorasaduttaratve bījamāha |
5.8
daṇḍāditoghaṭādiniṣpatterdarśanāt sarvvalokapratyakṣasiddha tvādabhicārāt śyenāditaḥ śatrupīr̤ane ca vyabhicārānna taduktaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ sambhavati nahi kāraṇaṃ daṇḍādi prāgeva ghaṭādinā sambaddhamapi tu mṛdādinā śyenādirapyuddiśyatayā pīr̤āṃ janayati anyathā loke'vadabhiṭūkāryyakāraṇabhāvācchede taduktoheturapya sādhakaṃ syāditi |
prāptyaprāptisamajātidvayaprakaraṇaṃ |
61 ||
kramaprāpte prasaṅgapratidṛṣṭāntasame jātī lakṣayati |
5.10
dṛṣṭāntohi nidarśanasthānatvena sādhyaniścayārthamapekṣyate na tu dṛṣṭāntadṛṣṭāntānavasthitaparamparā lokasiddhā yuktisiddhāvā anyathā ghaṭādipratyakṣāya pradīpadvava pradīpapratyayārthamanavasthi tapradīpaparamparā prasajyeta tadīyasādhanamapi vyāhanyeta |
pratidṛṣṭāntasame pratyuttaramāha |
5.11
atrāyamuttarakramaḥ pratidṛṣṭāntastvayā kimarthamupādīyate madīyahetorbādhārthaṃ satpratipakṣatatvārthaṃvā nādyaḥ yataḥ pratidṛṣṭā ntarūpe hetutve svārthasādhakatve madīyodṛṣṭāntonāhetuḥ nāsādhaka syācca tulyabalatvānna bādhaḥ navā dvitīyo'pi yataḥ pratidṛṣṭā ntasya svārthasādhakatve ucyamāne nāheturdṛṣṭāntaḥ madīyodṛṣṭā ntastu sahetukatvādadhikabalaḥ vastutohetuṃ vinā dṛṣṭāntamātreṇa
5.13
rupapatteḥ sattvāt kathaṃ kāraṇapratiṣedhaḥ ayamāśrayaḥ pakṣe hetva bhāvo'siddhiḥ nahyanutpanne hetvabhāvaḥ sambhavati adhikaraṇābhāvāt nahi hetvabhāvamātraṃ siddhiḥ tadīyahetorapi kvacidabhāvasattvā detena dṛṣṭāntāsiddhirvyākhyātā yadā kadāciddhetusattvenaiva dṛṣṭā ntopapatteḥ evaṃ hetvādīnāṃ yadā kadācitpakṣe sattvādeva hetvādibhāvonatu sārvvakālikī tadapekṣeti |
ityanutpattisamaprakaraṇaṃ |
63 ||
kramaprāptaṃ saṃśayasamaṃ lakṣayati |
5.14
nityānityaśabdaudini saṃśayakāraṇopalakṣaṇaṃ tena samā nadharmmadaśanādirvvāttikoktāṃśrajakāraṇabalāt saṃśayena pratyava sthānaṃ saṃśayasamaḥ adhikantudāharaṇaparaṃ tathāhi śabdo'nityaḥ kāryyatvāddhaṭavadityakte sāmānye gotvādau dṛṣṭānte ghaṭe caindri yakatvaṃ tulyaṃ yathā kāryyatvānnirṇāyakatvānnityatvaṃ nirṇīyate tathā aindriyakatvātsaṃśayakaraṇādanityatvaṃ sandihyatāṃ evaṃ śabdatvā dyasādhāraṇadharmmadarśanādapi saṃśayobodhyaḥ tathāca hetujñāne' prāmāṇyaśaṅkādhānadvārā sādhyasaṃśayāt satpratipakṣadeśanā bhāsaiyaṃ |
atrottaraṃ |
5.15
sādharmyātsādharmyadarśanātsaṃśaya āpādyamāne'pi na saṃśayo vaidharmyādvaidharmyadarśanāt yadi ca kāryyatvarūpaviśeṣadarśane'pi saṃśaya stadā'tyantasaṃśayaprasaṅgaḥ saṃśayānucchedaprasaṅgaḥ naca tathā'bhyu pagantuṃ śakyamityāha nityatveti sāmānyasya samānadharmadarśanasya nityatvānabhyupagamāt nityasaṃśayajanakatvānabhyupagamāttathā sati tvadīyo heturapi na parapakṣapratiṣedhakaḥ syāditi bhāvaḥ sāmānyasya gotvādernityatvānabhyupagamāt nityatvānabhyupagama prasaṅgāt tatrāpi sādhāraṇadharmaprameyatvādina saṃśaya eva syā diti kecit |
iti saṃśayasamaprakaraṇaṃ |
64 ||
kramaprāptaṃ prakaraṇasamaṃ lakṣayati |
5.16
ubhayasādharmyāt anvayasahacārādvyatirekasahacārādvā prakriyāprakarṣeṇa kriyā sādhanaṃ viparītasādhanamiti phalitārthaḥ
5.18
hetutvāddhisiddheḥ ayamarthaḥ daṇḍādikaṃ ghaṭāderna pūrvavarttitayā kāraṇaṃ tadānīṃ ghaṭāderabhāvāt kasya kāraṇaṃ syāt ataeva na ghaṭādyuttarakālavarttitayā'pi navā samānakālavarttitayā tulyakālavarttinoḥ savyetaraviṣāṇayorivāvinigamanāpatteḥ tathāca kālasambandhakhaṇḍanenāhetutayā pratyavasthānamahetusamaḥ kāraṇamātrakhaṇḍanena jñaptihetorapi khaṇḍanānna tadasaṃgrahaḥ pratikūlatarkadeśanābhāsā ceyaṃ |
atrottaramāha |
traikālyāsiddhistraikālyena yā'siddhiruktā sā na kutaḥ hetutaḥ sādhyasiddheḥ tvayā'pyabhyupagamāt |
pūrvavarttitāmātreṇaiva hetutāsambhavāt anyathā tadīya heto rapi sādhyaṃ na sidhyedityāha |
5.20
hetuphalabhāvakhaṇḍane pratiṣedhasyāpyanupapatteḥ pratiṣeddhavyasya parakīya hetorna pratiṣedhadityarthaḥ |
iti ahetusamaprakaraṇaṃ |
66 ||
5.24
upapattisamaṃ lakṣayati|
5.25
ubhayaṃ pakṣapratipakṣau tayoḥ kāraṇasya pramāṇasya upapatteḥ sattvāt tathāca vyāptimapuraskṛtya yatkiñciddharmeṇa parapakṣa dṛṣṭāntena svapakṣasādhanena pratyavasthānaṃ upapattisamaḥ yathā śabdo'nityaḥ kṛtakatvādityukte yathā tvatpakṣe'nityatve pramāṇa masti tathā matpakṣe'pi sapramāṇakaḥ tvatpakṣa matpakṣānyataratvāt tvatpakṣavat tathāca bādhaḥ pratirodhovā taddeśanābhāsā ceyaṃ |
atrottaramāha|
5.26
ayaṃ tvaduktapratiṣedhona sambhavati kutaḥ matpakṣe upapatti kāraṇasya matpakṣasādhakapramāṇasya tvayā'bhyanujñānāt tvayā hi matpakṣasya dṛṣṭāntīkaraṇena sapramāṇakatvamanujñātamataḥ kathaṃ tatpratiṣedhaḥ śakyate karttuṃ anujñātasyāpi pratiṣedhe svapakṣa eva kiṃ na pratiṣidhyate |
upalabdhisamaṃ lakṣayati |
5.27
vādinā nirdiṣṭasya kāraṇasya sādhanasyābhāve'pi sādhyasyopalambhāt pratyavasthānamupalabdhisamadṛtyarthaḥ tathāhi parvvato vahnimān dhūmādityādikaṃ vannavadhāraṇārthamucyate naca tatsaṃ bhavati dhūmaṃ vinā ālokādito'pi vahnisiddheḥ tathā ca na tasya sādhakatvamiti pratikūlatarkaḥ navā dhūmādvahnimānevetya vadhāraṇaṃ dravyatvāderapi dhūmena sādhanāt navā parvvata eva vahni mānevetyādikaṃ avadhārayituṃ śakyate mahānasāderapi vahni mattvāda nyathā dṛṣṭāntāsiddhiḥ syāt evaṃ vahniśūnyaparvvatasyāpi sattvādvodha ityādi taddeśanābhāsā ceyaṃ |
atrottaramāha |
5.28
kāraṇāntarātsādhanāntarādālokādito'pi tasya dharmmasya sādhyasyopalabdhestvaduktaḥ pratiṣedhona sambhavati ayamāśayaḥ nahi vayamavadhāraṇārthaṃ vahnimān dhūmādityādikaṃ prayuñjamahe api tu sandigdhasya vahneḥ siddhayarthaṃ anyathā taduktamasādhakatāsādha kamapi na syādabādhakatāsādhakāntarasyāpi sattvāt |
iti upalabdhisamaprakaraṇaṃ |
70 ||
5.29
atrottaramāha |
5.30
anupalabdhiḥ ātmanyanupalabdhiriti ko'rthaḥ svayamanupalabdhi rūpeti cedbhavatyeva svaviṣayiṇyanupalabdhiriti cennedaṃ prasaktaṃ anupalabdheranupalambhātmakatvāt upalambhābhāvātmakatvāt prabhā vasya ca nirviṣayakatvāt svātmanyanupalabdhilābhāve'nupalabdhitva meva kathamasyāditi cet katamovirodhaḥ nahi ghaṭaḥ svaviṣayo na bhavatīti nāyaṃ ghaṭaḥ āvaraṇābhāvaḥ kathamanupalabdhiviṣaya iti cet kaevamāha kintvanupalabdhisahakṛtendriyagrāhyatvādanupa labdhigrāhya ityupacaryyate atastadanupalabdheranupalabbhādityādi kramahetuḥ anyathā tatsādhanamapi doṣānupalabdheranupalambhāt sadoṣameva syāditi |
nanvanupalambheḥ svasminnanupalabdhilābhāve'nupalabdhirapi kena siddhyeta āha |
5.31
adhyātmaṃ ātmanyadhi jñānavikalpānāṃ jñānaviśeṣāṇāṃ bhāvābhāvayormanasā saṃvedanāt ghaṭaṃ sākṣātkaromi vahnimanu dya minomi nānuminomītyevaṃ jñānaviśeṣatadabhāvānāṃ manasaiva sugrahatvāditi bhāvaḥ |
ityanupalabdhisamaprakaraṇaṃ |
72 ||
anityasamaṃ lakṣayati |
5.32
yadi dṛṣṭāntaghaṭasādharmyāt kṛtakatvāttena saha tulyadharmatopapadyataityataḥ śabde'nityatvaṃ sādhyate tadā sarvvasyaivānityatvaṃ syāt sattādirūpasādharmyasambhavāt nacedamarthāntaragrastamiti vācyaṃ sarvvasyānityatve vyatirekāyahādanumānadūṣaṇe tātparthyāt parasyānyayavyatirekiṇaevānumānatvādityāśayaḥ tathāca vyāptimapuraskṛtya yatkiñciddṛṣṭāntasādharmyeṇa sarvvasya sādhyavattvāpādanamanityasamā sādhyapadādviśeṣasamātovyavaccheda statra sarvvāviśeṣa evāpādyate natu sarvvasya sādhyavattvaṃ yattu anityatvena samā'nityasameti bhāvapradhānonirdeśastathāca anvarthalabdhameva lakṣaṇamiti tanna vahnimān dhūmādityādau mahānasasādharmyāt sattvātsarvvasya vahnimattvaṃ syādityasya jātyantaratvāpatteḥ ācārthyāstu sādharmya vaidharmyasyāpyupalakṣakaṃ yathākāśavaidharmyāt kṛtakatvācchabdo'nityastathākāśavaidharmyādākāśabhinnatvāditaḥ sarvvamevānityaṃ syādityatra sapakṣe yatkiñciddharmeṇetyeva vācyamityāṅkaḥ atra ca vaidharmyasya vipakṣāvṛttitvācca sarvvasya sādhyavattvāpādanaṃ kintvātmādīnāmapyanityatvaṃ syāditi taccārthāntaramityavadheyaṃ pratikūlatarkadeśanābhāsā ceyaṃ |
atrottaramāha|
5.33
yadi yatkiñcitsādhamryātsarvvasya sādhyavattvamāpādayatastava sādharmyasyāsādhakatvamabhimataṃ tadā tvatkṛtapratiṣedhasyāpyasiddhiḥ tasyāpi pratiṣedhyasādharmyeṇa pravṛttatvāt tathā hyevaṃ sādhyate kṛtakatvaṃ na sādhakaṃ dṛṣṭāntasādharmyarūpatvātsattvādivat atra ca tvadīyahetustvatpratiṣedhyena madīyahetunā kṛtakatvena sattvena ca saha sādharmyarūpastathā cāyamapi na sādhakaḥ syāt |
yadica sādharmyamātraṃ na sādhakamapi tu vyāptisahitamitya bhimataṃ tadā kṛtakatve tadasti natu sattvaiti viśeṣa ityāha |
5.34
sādhyasādhanabhāvena vyāpyavyāpakabhāvena dṛṣṭānte prajñātasya
5.38
upalabdheḥ kāraṇasya pramāṇasya nirdoṣavākyasya vā upapattiḥ 5 svavyāghāta nirdoṣavākyādhīnopapādanaṃ tadabhāvāt tadvākyasya svavyāghāta katvādityarthaḥ |
itikāryyasamaprakaraṇaṃ |
74 ||
kāryyasamaprakaraṇasya evaṃ tāvajjātivādinaṃ prati sarvvatra saduttareṇaivoddhāraḥ kāryyaityabhihitaṃ tadaivābhimatatatvanirṇaya vijayaphalakatvaṃ kathāyāṃ sambhavate asaduttarodbhāvane tu bandhya yoḥ saṃprayogavannābhimataphalasiddhiriti vyutpādayituṃ kathābhā sarūpāṃ ṣaṭpakṣīṃ śiṣyaśikṣāyai pradarśayati |
5.39
prayatnānantarīyakatvaṃ na śabdānityatvaṃ sādhayati anaikā ntikatvāditi yo doṣaḥ sa tvatpakṣe'pi tulyaḥ prayatnābhivyaṅgyatva syāpyasādhakatvāt athavā anaikāntikatvādasādhakaiti tvayā pratiṣedhaḥ kṛtaḥ tatrāpyayaṃ doṣaḥ samānaḥ nahyanaikāntikatvaṃ sarvva thaivāsādhakatvaṃ sādhayati svasyaivāsādhakatvāsādhanāt |
seyaṃ matānujñā kiṃ kāryyasamāyāmeva netyāha |
5.40
evaṃvidhamasaduttaraṃ sarvvatraiva jātau sambhavatītyarthaḥ yathā śabdo'nityaḥ śabdatvādityatra nityākāśasādhamryādamūrttatvā nityaḥ syāditi sādharmyasamāyāṃ ākāśasādhamryānnityatve ākāśavacchabde paramamahattvaṃ syādityutkarṣasamā evamanyatrā pyūhyaṃ yadyapyayamatideśaḥ ṣaṭpakṣīntarameva karttumucitastathāpi tripakṣyādikamapi sūcayitumatraivoktaḥ ubhayāsujñatvabodha phalā hi ṣaṭpakṣī tripakṣyādāvapi tatphalakatvaṃ tulyamiti bhāvaḥ tarhi tripakṣyāmeva madhyasthena paryyanuyojyopekṣaṇasyodbhā vane kathāsamāptau kutaḥ ṣaṭpakṣīti cet puṃsāṃ sphuraṇavaicitryeṇa tatsaṃbhavāt |
5.41
tulyabalavirodhovipratiṣedhaḥ tathāca pratiṣedhasya yoviprati ṣedhastatra pratiṣedhadoṣavaddoṣaityarthaḥ tathāhi śabdo'nityaḥ prayatnānantarīyakatayāditi sthāpanāvādinaḥ prathamaḥ pakṣaḥ prayatnakāryyānekatvāt kāryyasamaiti prativādinodvitīyaḥpakṣaḥ pratiṣedhāpratiṣedhe'pyanaikāntikatvaṃ tulyamiti vādinastṛtīyaḥ pakṣaḥ vipratiṣedhastatrāpi tathaivānaikāntikatvaṃ tatsamānadoṣo dbhāvanaṃ vā caturthaḥ pakṣaḥ |
5.47
nna doṣaḥ navā saṅkīrṇasthalābhāvaḥ parvato vahnimān dhūmāt yoyo dhūmavān sa niragnirityudāharaṇe niragniścāyamityupanaye ca tatsattvāt evaṃ nigamane'pi bodhyaṃ |
pratijñāsannyāsaṃ lakṣayati |
5.48
pakṣasya svābhihitasya pareṇa pratiṣedhe kṛte sati tatpari jihīrṣayā pratijñātārthasyāpanayanamapalāpaityarthaḥ yathā śabdo'nitya aindriyakatvādityukte sāmānye vyabhicāreṇa pareṇa pratyukte kaevamāha śabdonityaiti |
hetvantaraṃ lakṣayati |
5.49
atra ca hetāvityanena hetvavayavāṃśona vivakṣito'pi tu sādha kāṃśaḥ sa ca hetvavayavasthaudāharaṇādikhovā aviśeṣokta iti pūrvoktaityarthaḥ viśeṣamicchataiti sābhiprāyaṃ tena parokta dūṣa ṇoddidhīrṣayā tatraiva hetau viśeṣaṇāntaraprakṣepo'nyahetukaraṇaṃ vā dvayamapi hetvantaraṃ tathāca paroktadūṣaṇoddidhīrṣayā tatraiva hetau pūrbboktahetutāvacchedakātiriktahetutāvacchedakaviśiṣṭa vacanaṃ hetvantaraṃ hetau viśeṣaṇadānameva hetvantaramiti prāñcaḥ pūrbboktatvaṃ hetvavayave udāharaṇādau vā yathā śabdo'nityaḥ bāhyendriyapratyakṣatvādityukte sāmānye'naikāntikatvena ca pratyukte sāmānyavattve satīti viśeṣaṇaṃ evaṃ viśiṣṭahetumuktā yadvāhyendriya pratyakṣaṃ tadanityamityudāharaṇe nyūnatvena pratyukte viśiṣṭoktau evamupanayaviśeṣaṇe'pi |
samāptaṃ pratijñāhelanyatarāśritanigrahasthānakaviśeṣalakṣaṇapra karaṇaṃ |
76 ||
5.51
īśenirarthakaṃ nigrahasthānaṃ avācakapadaprayogaiti phalitārthaḥ vācakatvaṃ śaktyā nirūḍhalakṣaṇayā śāstraparibhāṣayā vā bodhyaṃ samayabandhavyatirekeṇeti viśeṣaṇīyaṃ tena yatrāpabhraṃśena vicāraḥ karttavyaiti samayabandhastatrāpabhraṃśe na doṣaḥ jhaṭiti sambaraṇe tu na doṣaityuktaprāyaṃ asya sambhavaḥ pramādādityavadheyaṃ |
avijñātārthaṃ lakṣayati |
5.52
trirabhihitaṃ vādineti śeṣaḥ trirabhidhānaṃ cānavadhānādi nā'bodhanirāsāya pariṣatprativādyanyatareṇa vijñāte tu nāvi jñātārthamiti bhāvaḥ tathāca avahitāvikalavyutpannapariṣatprati vādibodhānukūlopasthityajanakavācakavākyaprayogo'vijñātā rthamiti vācaketyanena nirarthakārthakyadāsaḥ atra ca parājñānāpādanena mama jayobhaviṣyatīti bhramāduktisambhavaḥ naca yathākathañcitparojetavyaityajñānāpādanaṃ nyāyyameveti vācyaṃ tathāsati bhaṅgakāle paramadurbodhayatkiñcidabhidhānenaiva sarvvatra jayasambhavāt etasya cedhāsambhavaḥ asādhāraṇatantramātra prasiddhaṃ yathā pañcaskandhādayo bauddhānāntatra rūpādayaḥ pañcendri yāṇi ca rūpaskandhaḥ savikalpakaṃ saṃjñāskandhaḥ rāgadveṣābhi
5.53
tu khalu bodhobhavatyeveti nātivyāptiḥ udāharaṇantu atho 5 adhyāyaḥ jñānāsantānākāṅkṣavākyaṃ |
samāptamabhimatavākyārthāpratipādakanigrahasthānacatuṣṭaya prakaraṇaṃ |
75 ||
aprāptakālaṃ lakṣayati |
5.54
avayavasya kathaikadeśasya viparyāsauvaiparītyaṃ tathāca samaya bandhaviṣayībhūtakathākramaviparītakrameṇābhidhānaṃ paryyavasannaṃ tatrādyaṃ kramaḥ vādinā sādhanamuktā sāmānyatohetvābhāsāudbhū raṇīyāityekaḥ pādaḥ prativādinaśca tatropālambhodvitīyaḥ pādaḥ prativādinaḥ svapakṣasādhanaṃ tatra hetvābhāsoddharaṇañceti tṛtīyaḥ pādaḥ jayaparājayavyavasthā caturthaḥ pādaḥ evaṃ pratijñā hetvādīnāṃ kramaḥ tatra sabhākṣobhyāmohādinā vyatyasābhi · dhānamaprāptakālamiti |
nyūnaṃ lakṣayati |
5.55
avayavena svaśāstrasiddhena tena saugatasya dvayavayavābhidhāne api na nyūnatvaṃ manyavayavahīnatvaṃ avayavatvāvacchinnābhāvaḥ tathāca
kathanameva syādataścāhānyatamenāpīti tathāca yatkiñcidava yavaśūnyāvayavābhidhānaṃ phalitaṃ nacāyamapasiddhāntaḥ siddhānta viruddhānabhyupagamāt apitu sabhāśobhādinā'nabhidhānāt |
5.56
hetūdāharaṇetyupalakṣaṇaṃ dṛṣaṇāyadhikamapi bodhyaṃ tathāca kṛtakarttavyāpunaruktābhidhānamiti phalitaṃ anuvādastu na kṛta karttavyaḥ sābhiprāyatvāt pratijñādhikyañca punaruktaṃ dhūmādā lokāt mahānasavaccatvaravadityādikantu vinā samayabandhaṃ dārḍhyādibhramāduktamadhikaṃ yathā mahānasaṃ mahānasavaditi tu nādhikaṃ kintu punaruktaṃ |
samāptaṃ svasiddhāntānurūpaprayogābhāvaniyahasthānatrika prakaraṇaṃ |
76 ||
5.57
punarvvacanaṃ punaruktaṃ tacca dvividhamarthe śabdārthayoriti tena śabdapunaruktamarthapunaruktañca labhyate anuvāde'tivyāptivāre ṇādyānnatvānuvādāditi anuvādānyatve satītyarthaḥ niṣprayo janaṃ punarabhidhānaṃ hi punaruktaṃ anuvādastu vyākhyārūpaḥ saprayo janakaeveti bhāvaḥ tathāca samānārthakapūrvānupūrvīkaśabda prayogaḥ śabdapunaruktaṃ samānārthakabhinnānupūrvīkaśabdasya niṣpra yojanaṃ punarabhidhānamarthapunaruktaṃ ādyaṃ yathā ghaṭoghaṭaiti dvitīyaṃ yathā ghaṭaḥ kalasaiti etasya pramādādinā sambhavaḥ |
punaruktaprabhedāntaramāha |
5.58
punaruktamityanuvarttate yasminnukte yasyārthasyotsargikī prati pattirbhavati tasya tena rūpeṇa punarabhidhānaṃ punaruktaṃ idameva ca arthapunaruktamiti gīyate yathā vanhiruṣṇaiti pūrvapadākṣipto ktiriyaṃ uṣṇovanhiriti uttarapadākṣiptoktiḥ evaṃ bahirasti gehe nāstīti vidhyākṣiptoktiḥ jīvan gehe nāsti bahirastīti niṣedhākṣiptoktiḥ punaruktatraividhyañcedambhāṣyādisammataṃ anye tu śabdapunaruktaṃ dvividhaṃ tasyaiva śabdasya punarabhidhānaṃ paryāyeṇābhi dhānaṃ anyatpunararthapunaruktamityāṅkaḥ |
ananubhāṣaṇaṃ lakṣayati |
5.59
pariṣadā vijñātasya vivicya buddhārthasya vādinā tribhirabhi hitasya tathāca prathamavacane'nanubhāṣaṇe vādinā vāratrayaṃ vācyamiti darśitaṃ tathāca trirabhidhāne'pi yaccānubhāṣaṇavi rodhī vyāpāraḥ tajjñānanubhāṣaṇaṃ nigrahasthānamityarthaḥ ajñāna sāṅkaryyanirāsāyā jñānamanāviṣkurvvateti vikṣepasāṅkaryyanirā māya kathāmavicchindateti ca viśeṣaṇīyamityācāryyāḥ nacā pratibhāsāṅkaryyaṃ uttarapratipattāvapi sabhākṣobhādinā'nanubhā ṣaṇasambhavāt tadidaṃ caturddhā ekadeśānuvādādviparītānuvā dāt kevaladūṣaṇoktyā sambhaveneti sarvvanāmapadenānuvādāt pañcamamityācāryyāḥ kvacidajñānāpratibhā'nanūbhāṣaṇasāṅkaryye yanniścetuṃ śakyate tadevodbhāvyaṃ |
ajñānaṃ lakṣayati |
5.60
bhāve ktaḥ cakāraśca pariṣadā vijñātasyetyādyanukarṣaṇārthaṃ tathāca pariṣadā vijñātasya vādinā trirabhihitasyāpyavijñā namityarthaḥ idañca kimbadasi budhyataeva netyādyāviṣkaraṇena jñātuṃ śakyataiti |
5.62
kimuttaramato'tra mahārṇavalikhitaṃ mayā ca vicāritaṃ kiñci tkāryyamudbhāvya gṛhe gatvā dṛśyataityevaṃ vikṣepasaṅketaḥ |
matānujñāṃ lakṣayati |
5.63
doṣābhyupagamāt doṣamanuddhṛtyetyarthaḥ yathā śabdonityaḥ śrāvaṇatvādityukte dhvanāvanekāntikatvena hetvābhāso'yamityukte śabdo'nityaḥ kṛtakatvāditi sādhite dhvanerapi pakṣatvānna doṣa ityuktau asiddhatvāt tavāpi hetvābhāso'yamityuktau so'yaṃ matānujñayā nigṛhītaḥ syādapratiṣiddhamanumataṃ bhavatīti svapakṣe doṣābhyupagamāt |
paryyanuyojyopekṣaṇaṃ lakṣayati |
5.64
nigrahasthānaṃ prāptavato'nigrahaḥ nigrahasthānānudbhāvanami tyarthaḥ yatra tvanekanigrahasthānapāte ekatarodbhāvanaṃ tatra na paryya nuyojyopekṣaṇaṃ avasare nigrahasthānodbhāvanatvāvacchinnābhāva syaiva tattvāt nanu vādinā kathamidamudbhāvyaṃ svakīyanigraha syāyuktatvāditi cet satyaṃ madhyasthairevedamudbhāvyaṃ vāde ca svaya mudbhāvane'pyadoṣaḥ |
niranuyojyānuyogaṃ lakṣayati
5.65
avasare yathārthanigrahasthānodbhāvanāviriktaṃ yannigrahasthāno dbhāvanaṃ tadityarthaḥ etenānavasare nigrahasthānodbhāvane ekanigra hasthāne nigrahasthānāntarodbhāvane ca nātivyāptiḥ so'yaṃ caturddhā cchalaṃ jātirābhāso'navasaragrahaṇaśca ābhāsovyabhicārādā vasidbody dbhāvane anavasaragrahaṇañcākāle evodbhāvanaṃ yathā tya kṣyasi cet pratijñāhāniḥ viśeṣayasi cet hetvantaraṃ evamavasara matītya kathanapi yathā uccamānayorajñānāpaśabdayoḥ parisa māptau evamuktayorajñānājñānayoranubhāṣaṇāvasare'nudbhāvyabodhā viṣkaraṇānubhāṣaṇapravṛtte vādini tadudbhāvanamityādikamūhyaṃ |
• apasiddhāntaṃ lakṣayati |
5.66
siddhāntaṃ svaśāstrakārābhyupagatamarthaṃ svīkṛtya niyamātta nniyamapracyavāt kathāprasaṅgati tathāca kathāyāṃ svīkṛta siddhāntapracyavo'pasiddhāntaḥ tathāca sāṅkhyamatenāhaṃ vadiṣyā
Linked texts (1)
- Nyāyasūtra — Akṣapāda Gautama, Sanskrit