The Compendium of Kāśyapa 8.6

8.6.1

atha rasadoṣavibhāgīyādhyāyaḥ ṣaṣṭhaḥ
athāto rasadoṣavibhāgīyaṃ nāmādhyāyaṃ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ

Now begins the sixth chapter, titled 'Classification of Tastes and Humours'.
Now we shall expound the chapter titled 'Classification of Tastes and Humours'.

8.6.2

iti ha smāha bhagavān kaśyapaḥ

Thus spoke the venerable Kaśyapa.

8.6.3

rasadoṣavibhāgajñaḥ prakopopaśamaṃ prati
bhiṣagbhiṣaktvaṃ labhate viparyayamathānyathā

A physician who knows the classification of tastes and humours with regard to aggravation and pacification
attains true status as a physician; otherwise, the contrary.

8.6.4

tasmāddoṣavikalpāṃśca vikalpāṃśca rasāśrayān
pravakṣyāmi yathāśāstraṃ saviśeṣaṃ savistaram

Therefore, I shall declare according to the treatise the combinations of the humours
and the combinations based on tastes, with specific distinctions and in full detail.

8.6.5

vyāsatastu jvarādīnāṃ vyādhīnāṃ doṣabhedataḥ
dviṣaṣṭidhā kalpanoktā sthūlasaṃkhyā tvataḥ param

In extensive treatment, the classification of diseases such as fever according to the division of the humours
is stated to be sixty-two-fold; thereafter is the gross count.

8.6.6

ekaikaśastrayo dvandvairnava sarve trayodaśa
kṣīṇādhikasamaiścānyairdaśa dvau ca prakīrtitāḥ

Singly they are three; in combinations of two, nine; all together, thirteen;
and with decreased, increased, and equal [humours], another twelve are proclaimed.

8.6.7

teṣāṃ vibhāgaṃ vakṣyāmi vistareṇa yathākramam
ekaikaśastrayo jñeyā vātapittakaphairgadāḥ

I shall state their division in detail according to order:
singly, the diseases produced by vāta, pitta, and kapha are to be known as three.

8.6.8

samairdvandvaistrayaḥ ṣaṭ tu viṣamairnava te smṛtāḥ
dvyadhikaikādhikaiḥ ṣaṭ ca hīnamadhyādhikaiśca ṣaṭ

In equal pairs of two, three; in unequal [pairs], six—these are remembered as nine;
with two increased and one increased, six; and with low, moderate, and high, six.

8.6.9

ekaḥ samaistribhirdoṣairityātaṅkāstrayodaśa
doṣairetairvivṛddhaiḥ syurvikalpāḥ pañcaviṃśatiḥ

One with the three humours equal—thus thirteen afflictions [are formed];
by these humours becoming increased, there would be twenty-five combinations.

8.6.10

doṣaiḥ kṣīṇairapi gadā dṛṣṭvaivaṃ pañcaviṃśatiḥ
dvikṣīṇairekavṛddhaiḥ syurekakṣīṇairdvirudbalaiḥ

Likewise, viewing diseases by decreased humours, there are twenty-five:
with two decreased and one increased, and with one decreased and two strengthened,

8.6.11

ṣaṭ ṣaṭ kṣīṇādhikasamairdaśa dvau cāpare gadāḥ
iti dviṣaṣṭisaṃkhyaiṣā vikārāṇāṃ vikalpaśaḥ

six and six; and twelve other diseases with decreased, increased, and equal [humours].
Thus sixty-two is this enumeration of disorders according to their combinations.

8.6.12

vātapittakaphaireko daśa syāt prakṛtisthitaiḥ
rasānāṃ tu vikalpāḥ syurekaikaśyena ṣaṭ smṛtāḥ

With vāta, pitta, and kapha remaining in their natural state, there would be one [state], [making] sixty-three.
And the combinations of tastes individually are remembered as six.

8.6.13

pūrvaḥ pūrvaḥ parairyukto dvikāḥ pañcadaśāpare
raseṣu triṣu pūrveṣu vikalpāḥ syustrayo'dhikāḥ

The preceding one combined with the following ones: fifteen other pairs of two;
among the three former tastes there would be three additional combinations.

8.6.14

dvikeṣu triṣvathaikaikaṃ saṃyojya kaṭukādibhiḥ
kaṭvādiṣu tathā pūrvaiḥ svādvamlalavaṇaiḥ pṛthak

Combining each one in three pairs of two with pungent and the others,
and likewise in pungent and the others with the former sweet, sour, and saline separately,

8.6.15

aṣṭādaśaite dvābhyāṃ ca trikābhyāṃ viṃśatistrikāḥ
pūrvottarābhyāṃ madhuravyoṣādibhyāṃ yathākramam

these are eighteen; and with two groups of three, the triplets are twenty,
beginning with sweet and the pungent spices respectively in forward and reverse order.

8.6.16

ye dvikāstriṣu pūrveṣu yojyāste tribhiruttaraiḥ
pratyekaśo navaite syurvikalpāḥ ṣaḍihānyathā

The pairs of two that are among the first three are to be combined with the three subsequent ones
each individually: these would be nine combinations; differently here, six.

8.6.17

yuktāḥ svādvamlalavaṇāḥ pṛthak kaṣṭvādibhistribhiḥ
kaṭvādayastathā pūrvairityete daśa pañca ca

Sweet, sour, and saline combined separately with the three beginning with pungent,
and likewise the pungent and others with the former ones: thus these are fifteen.

8.6.18

catuṣkāḥ pañcakāḥ ṣaṭ syurekaikasya vivarjanāt
ṣaḍbhireko rasaisteṣāṃ kalpaneyaṃ triṣaṣṭidhā

The quadruplets [are fifteen]; the quintuplets are six by omitting one each;
with six tastes, there is one: this formulation of them is sixty-three-fold.

8.6.19

saṃyogāḥ saptapañcāśadasaṃyuktāstu ṣaḍrasāḥ
ṣaḍeva triṣu yujyante rasā doṣeṣu yogataḥ

The combinations are fifty-seven, and the uncombined tastes are six;
six tastes indeed are applied appropriately to the three humours.

8.6.20

kvacidekaḥ kvacid dvau ca doṣavṛddhyā kvacittrayaḥ
hīnamadhyātivṛddhānāṃ doṣāṇāṃ tu yathākramam

In one case one, in another two, and in another three according to the increase of the humours;
of humours that are mildly, moderately, and excessively increased, respectively,

8.6.21

hīnamadhyādhikairevaṃ rasaiḥ kuryādupakramam
dvyudbalaikodbalānāṃ ca samānāṃ caiva tadvidhaiḥ

one should thus undertake the treatment with mild, moderate, and superior tastes;
and of those with two strengthened, one strengthened, and equal, with similar ones.

8.6.22

vṛddhānāṃ kṣapaṇaṃ kāryaṃ madhyānāṃ yāpanaṃ tathā
kṣīṇānāṃ vardhanaṃ caiva rasavṛddhipramāṇataḥ

Depletion is to be done of the increased, maintenance of the moderate,
and increase of the decreased, in proportion to the increase of the tastes.

8.6.23

viśeṣo'tra yathāyogaṃ kāryo rasaviparyayāt
evaṃ dviṣaṣṭidoṣāṇāṃ rasairepāṃ dviṣaṣṭibhiḥ

The specific treatment here is to be done as appropriate by the inversion of tastes.
Thus, for the sixty-two humours, by means of these sixty-two [combinations of] tastes,

8.6.24

sāmyaṃ taiḥ ṣaṭkairevaikaḥ svasthavṛttau prayujyate
kaṭutiktakaṣāyāṃstu rasān prājño yathākramam

balance is achieved; one [combination] consisting of all six is used in the regimen of health.
A wise person, applying pungent, bitter, and astringent tastes in succession,

8.6.25

yogataḥ kaphaje vyādhau bhaiṣajyamavatārayet
prayuktaḥ kaṭukaḥ pūrvaṃ paicchilyaṃ gauravaṃ ca yat

should administer medication appropriately in a kapha-born disease.
Pungent administered first quickly destroys the sliminess and heaviness

8.6.26

śleṣmaṇastaṃ nihantyāśu tiktastasmādanantaram
hrāsayatyāsyamādhuryaṃ kaphaṃ saṃśoṣayatyapi

that belongs to kapha; bitter, immediately after that,
reduces the sweetness in the mouth and thoroughly dries up kapha;

8.6.27

saṃgṛhṇāti kaṣāyaśca snehaṃ cāsyāvakarṣati
tiktasvādukaṣāyāḥ syuḥ kramaśaḥ paittike hitāḥ

and astringent constricts and removes its unctuousness.
Bitter, sweet, and astringent, in succession, are beneficial in a pitta condition.

8.6.28

āmānvayatvāt pittasya pūrvaṃ tikto'vacāritaḥ
pācayatyāśu taṃ pakvaṃ tatastu madhuro rasaḥ

Because pitta is associated with āma, bitter administered first
quickly digests it; when it is digested, then sweet taste,

8.6.29

śaityādgurutvātsnehācca mādhuryācca niyacchati
taddravatvavighātārthaṃ kaṣāyaścāvacāritaḥ

restrains it through coolness, heaviness, unctuousness, and sweetness.
And astringent is administered in order to counteract its liquidity;

8.6.30

raukṣyādviśoṣibhāvācca viśoṣayati taijasam
vātike lavaṇaḥ pūrvaṃ saṃyogādavacāritaḥ

through dryness and its desiccating nature, it dries up the fiery element.
In a vāta condition, saline administered first through combination

8.6.31

prakledibhāvājjayati vibandhaṃ mātariśvanaḥ
nihanti śaityamuṣṇatvādgurutvāccāpi lāghavam

overcomes the obstruction of wind through its moistening nature;
through heat it destroys coldness, and through heaviness it destroys lightness.

8.6.32

tathaivāmlo rasaḥ paścāttasminnevāvacāritaḥ
jaḍīkṛtāni srotāṃsi taikṣṇyādudghāṭya mārutam

Likewise sour taste administered after that in that very [condition],
opening the microchannels dulled [by cold and dryness] through its sharpness, [releases] the wind.

8.6.33

anulomayati kṣipraṃ snigdhoṣṇatvādvimārgagam
amlādanantaraṃ paścāt prayukto madhuro rasaḥ

quickly normalises the path of [vāta] when moving astray, because of its unctuous and warm nature. / Subsequently, when administered after the sour taste, the sweet taste

8.6.34

vāyorlaghutvaṃ vaiśadyaṃ rūkṣatvaṃ ca vyapohati
gurutvāt picchilatvācca snigdhatvācca yathābalam

dispels lightness, clarity, and roughness of vāta / by virtue of its heaviness, sliminess, and unctuousness, according to strength.

8.6.35

ityuktāḥ sarvarogeṣu rasānāṃ pravicāraṇāḥ
dṛśyante prāyaśo yogā rogeṣūktā jvarādiṣu

Thus the distinct applications of the tastes in all diseases have been declared.
Formulations are generally seen declared for diseases beginning with fever:

8.6.36

kaṭutiktakaṣāyāśca rasato madhurāstathā
vātajvare yathāpūrvaṃ peyāyūṣarasādiṣu
lavaṇo'mlaśca yujyete rasau saṃskārayoginau

Pungent, bitter, and astringent, and likewise sweet in taste, / in vāta fever, as mentioned before, in gruel, soup, meat juice, and the like, / salt and sour tastes are employed, serving as seasoning agents.

8.6.37

tato vidārigandhādirmadhuraḥ saṃprayujyate
pittajvare yathā tiktaḥ śāṅgiṣṭhādiḥ prayujyate

Then the sweet group beginning with vidārigandhā is employed. / Just as in pitta fever, the bitter [group] beginning with śāṅgiṣṭhā is employed,

8.6.38

madhuraḥ sārivādiśca kaṣāyaścābhayādikaḥ
pippalyādiryathāpūrvaṃ kaṭukaḥ kaphaje jvare

the sweet [group] beginning with sārivā, and the astringent [group] beginning with abhayā; / [and] as mentioned before, the pungent [group] beginning with pippalī in kapha-born fever,

8.6.39

āragvadhādikastiktaḥ kaṣāyastriphalādikaḥ
sarvatraivānayā yuktyā yathoddiṣṭānrasān budhaḥ

the bitter [group] beginning with āragvadha, [and] the astringent [group] beginning with triphalā. / Everywhere by this very method, the wise physician should employ the indicated tastes

8.6.40

yathādoṣaṃ yathāyogaṃ prayuñjīta yathepsitam
prakṣepairavakarṣaiśca dravyāṇāmanyathānyathā

according to humour, according to formulation, as desired, / by additions and subtractions of substances in various ways.

8.6.41

yathā vā vīṇayā vīṇī tantrīṇāṃ svarakovidaḥ
utkarṣaṃścāvakarṣaṃśca svarān samyak prayojayet

Or just as a lute-player skilled in the notes of the strings, using a lute, / properly applies the notes, raising and lowering [them],

8.6.42

vindan nānāvikalpaiśca grāmarāgāṃśca darśayet
svaramaṇḍalatattvajño vikalpairbahuvistaraiḥ

and, knowing varied permutations, demonstrates the scales and melodies, / knowing the truth of the musical scale through widely expanded permutations;

8.6.43

tathaiva śāstratattvajño yogajñaḥ pratipattimān
vyādhau balābalajñaśca prakṛtijñaśca yogavān

even so one who knows the truth of the treatises, knows formulations, possesses clinical presence of mind, / knows the relative strengths in disease, knows constitutions, and is skilled in practical application,

8.6.44

utkarṣaṃścāvakarṣaṃśca prayogāñchāstrakovidaḥ
kevalaiḥ śītavīryaiśca tathaivoṣṇaiśca vīryataḥ

a scholar expert in the texts, raising and lowering, / should apply formulations with substances possessing cold potency alone, and likewise hot by potency,

8.6.45

śītairuṣṇaiśca saṃpṛktairdravyairyogān prayojayet
kārtsnyataśca prayuñjīta yathāvadanupūrvaśaḥ

or with substances combined of cold and hot; / and he should employ them fully, properly in successive order,

8.6.46

samuccayairvikalpaiśca nānārasasamucchrayaiḥ
yuñjīta bahudhā yogānnṛttaṃ gītavaśādiva

with combinations and variations, with elevations of various tastes; / he should apply formulations in many ways, just like dance following music,

8.6.47

samasyoktaṃ pṛthakcoktaṃ saṃpradhārya balābalam
dviṣaṣṭirdoṣabhedā ye nirdiṣṭāstānataḥ param

deliberating the relative strengths declared collectively and declared separately. / Those sixty-two divisions of the humours that have been stated—after this,

8.6.48

sthānāni daśa saṃgṛhya pravakṣyāmi savistaram
traya ekaikaśasteṣāṃ ye ca vṛddhāstrayaḥ samāḥ

comprehending the ten stages, I shall explain in detail. / Three individually among them, and those three that are equal in increase,

8.6.49

samairekaśca saptaite kṣayavṛddhyā caturdaśa
sthānavṛddhyā bhavetteṣāṃ catvāriṃśottaraṃ śatam

and one with equals—these seven become fourteen by decrease and increase; / through the increase of stages, their number becomes one hundred and forty.

8.6.50

vyudasyaitānataḥ śeṣā ye triṃśaddaśa cāṣṭa ca
te bhedaṃ yāntyameyatvācchataśo'tha sahasraśaḥ

Setting these aside, the remaining forty-eight [varieties] / go into hundreds and thousands of divisions on account of their immeasurability.

8.6.51

dvandvānāṃ viṣamāṇāṃ tu ṣaṇṇāmanyatamaṃ budhaḥ
svasthānādvardhayettāvadyāvat syāt sthānamaṣṭamam

A wise man should increase any one among the six uneven dual combinations / from its own stage up until it reaches the eighth stage.

8.6.52

ekaikaśo dviśaścaiva caturviṃśadbhavanti te
hrāsenaikaikaśaścāpi viṃśannava ca bhedataḥ

Taken one by one and two by two, they become twenty-four; / and by decrease, one by one, there are twenty-nine by division.

8.6.53

evamete tripañcāśaddvandvenaikena darśitāḥ
eṣaiva yuktiḥ śiṣṭānāṃ dvandvānāṃ syānna saṃśayaḥ

Thus these fifty-three are demonstrated with a single dual combination; / this very rule undoubtedly applies to the remaining dual combinations.

8.6.54

śatatrayaṃ bhavatyevameṣāmaṣṭādaśottaram
dvyudbalaikodbalānāṃ ca tāvadeva vinirdiśet

Of these, there become three hundred and eighteen; / and just so many one should declare for those with two increased and one increased.

8.6.55

hīnamadhyādhikā doṣāḥ sve sve sthāne vyavasthitāḥ
svasthānāt saptamaṃ sthānamekaikaśyena yānti te

The humours—diminished, moderate, and excessive—residing in their respective stages, / go individually from their own stage to the seventh stage.

8.6.56

dvau ca dvau ca samastāśca teṣāṃ ṣaṭ saptakāstathā
bhavanti hrāsayettāṃśca yathānamadhaḥ kramāt

Two by two and all together, there are six groups of seven for them; / and one should decrease them sequentially downwards, as appropriate.

8.6.57

pañcāśītimatasteṣāṃ bhedānāṃ paricakṣate
eṣa eva vikalpaḥ syāccheṣāṇāṃ pravibhāgaśaḥ

They declare eighty-five of those divisions; / this very variation should apply to the rest according to classification.

8.6.58

śatāni sapta ṣaṣṭiśca dvau ca bhedā bhavanti te
evaṃ sahasraṃ bhedānāṃ vṛddhaistrīṇi śatāni ca

Those divisions become seven hundred and sixty-two. / Thus there are one thousand three hundred

8.6.59

doṣairnavatiraṣṭau ca kṣīṇaistāvanta eva te
dvikṣīṇairekavṛddhaiḥ syuḥ ṣaṭ ca trīṇi śatāni ca

and ninety-eight divisions with increased humours; with diminished ones, there are just as many. / With two diminished and one increased, there would be three hundred and six;

8.6.60

yāvantyeva ca bhedānāmekakṣīṇairdvirudbalaiḥ
kṣīṇādhikasamaiḥ ṣaṭ ca ṣaṭ ca ṣaṭ ca śatāni ca

and just as many divisions with one diminished and two increased. / With diminished, excessive, and equal, there are six hundred and sixty-six.

8.6.61

krama evātra bhāgaḥ syādyo dvandveṣu nidarśitaḥ
caturdaśa vinirdiṣṭāḥ savikalpāstayoḥ pṛthak

The sequence shown here in dual combinations should be the division; / fourteen are declared separately along with their variations.

8.6.62

taiḥ sārdhameṣāṃ sarveṣāṃ kārtsnyenaiva vibhāvayet
sahasrāṇi ca catvāri śataṃ ṣaṣṭyuttaraṃ tathā

Together with them, one should examine all of these completely: / four thousand and one hundred and sixty.

8.6.63

etāvanto jvarādyānāṃ bhedāḥ proktā yathāgamam
athaiteṣu caturyogavibhāgagatikarmataḥ

This many varieties of diseases beginning with fever have been stated according to tradition. / Now among these, by action of the fourfold path of formulation and division,

8.6.64

sahasraṃ sannipātānāṃ vidyāt sanavakaṃ bhiṣak
ata ūrdhvaṃ rasānāṃ tu vakṣyate bhedavistaraḥ

the physician should understand one thousand and nine combinative aggregations. / Beyond this, the detailed division of tastes will be explained.

8.6.65

karmasthānāni doṣāṇāṃ bhāvavṛddhyā yathākramam
tathā rasānāṃ ṣaṭkuryāt sthānānīti viniścayaḥ

The functional stages of the humours occur in order according to the increase of states; / likewise, for the tastes, one should make six stages—such is the ascertainment.

8.6.66

tadeva karma sarveṣāṃ dvikādīnāṃ kṣayaṃ vinā
bhavatyevaṃ dvikānāṃ tu pañcaṣaṣṭyuttaraṃ śatam

That very function applies to all pairings and the rest, excluding decrease. / Thus for pairs, there are one hundred and sixty-five;

8.6.67

trikānāṃ ca saviṃśāni ṣaṭśatāni vinirdiśet
catuṣkānāṃ sahasraṃ ca pañcaṣaṣṭyuttaraṃ vadet

and for triplets, one should indicate six hundred and twenty; / for quadruplets, one should declare one thousand and sixty-five;

8.6.68

pañcakāṇāṃ śatānyaṣṭau syācchataṃ ca ṣaḍuttaram
ṣaṣṭhakānāṃ śate dve tu śataṃ caikādaśottaram

for quintuplets, there would be eight hundred and one hundred and six; / and for sextuplets, two hundred and one hundred and eleven.

8.6.69

saṃyuktānāṃ vikalpo'yaṃ savikalpāḥ ṣaḍekakaḥ
samānāṃ rasabhedānāmekamekaṃ tu piṇḍitam

This is the permutation of combined [tastes]; the single ones with permutations are six. / Of the equal divisions of tastes, each one aggregated

8.6.70

trisaptatirbhavatyeṣāṃ sahasratrayameva ca
rasadoṣavikalpānāmatisaukṣmyādataḥ param
na vakṣyāmi mahābhāga na tu buddhiparikṣayāt

becomes seventy-three and three thousand. / Beyond this, I shall not speak, O noble one, of the permutations of tastes and humours due to extreme subtlety, and not out of exhaustion of intellect.

8.6.71

ataḥ paramidānīṃ rasabhedān vistareṇopadekṣyāmaḥ | tadyathā--madhurāmlalavaṇakaṭukatiktakaṣāyāḥ ṣaḍrasāḥ | eṣāmidānīṃ rasānāṃ vikalpāstriṣaṣṭirbhavanti | tatraikaikaśyena ṣaṭ | tadyathā--madhura eva amla
eva lavaṇa eva kaṭuka eva tikta eva kaṣāya eva

Hereafter, we shall now teach the divisions of tastes in detail. That is to say: sweet, sour, salt, pungent, bitter, and astringent are the six tastes. Now of these tastes, there are sixty-three permutations. There, taken individually, there are six. That is to say: sweet alone, sour alone, salt alone, pungent alone, bitter alone, astringent alone.

8.6.71.p1

pūrvaḥ pūrvaḥ parairyukto dvikaḥ te pañcadaśa bhavanti | tatra madhuraḥ pañcabhiramlādibhiryujyate | tadyathā--madhurāmlaḥ madhuralavaṇaḥ madhurakaṭukaḥ

Each preceding one combined with succeeding ones forms pairs; they are fifteen. There, sweet is combined with five, beginning with sour. That is to say: sweet-sour, sweet-salt, sweet-pungent,

8.6.71.p2

madhuratiktaḥ madhurakaṣāya iti | amlaścaturbhirlavaṇādibhiḥ tadyathā-amlalavaṇaḥ amlakaṭukaḥ amlatiktaḥ amlakaṣāya iti | lavaṇastribhiḥ kaṭukādibhiḥ tadyathā--lavaṇakaṭuḥ lavaṇatiktaḥ lavaṇakaṣāya iti | kaṭukastiktakaṣāyābhyāṃ dvābhyāṃ tadyathā--kaṭutiktaḥ

sweet-bitter, sweet-astringent. Sour [is combined] with four, beginning with salt; that is to say: sour-salt, sour-pungent, sour-bitter, sour-astringent. Salt with three, beginning with pungent; that is to say: salt-pungent, salt-bitter, salt-astringent. Pungent with two—bitter and astringent; that is to say: pungent-bitter,

8.6.71.p3

kaṭukaṣāya iti | tiktaḥ kaṣāyeṇa ca | tadyathā--tiktakaṣāya iti

pungent-astringent. And bitter with astringent; that is to say: bitter-astringent.

8.6.72

te pañcadaśa eva | te dvikāḥ pañcadaśavikalpā bhavanti madhurasaṃyogena pañca bhavanti amlasaṃyogena catvāraḥ lavaṇasaṃyogena trayaḥ kaṭusaṃyogena dvau tiktasaṃyogenaika-- iti | pūrveṣu triṣu raseṣu madhurāmlalavaṇeṣu
trayo'dhikā niṣpadyante | madhurāmlaḥ madhuralavaṇaḥ amlalavaṇa iti

These are precisely fifteen. These dual combinations have fifteen variations: five are formed by combination with sweet, four by combination with sour, three by combination with salty, two by combination with pungent, and one by combination with bitter. Among the former three tastes—sweet, sour, and salty—three primary [pairs] are produced: sweet-sour, sweet-salty, and sour-salty.

8.6.72.p1

eṣāṃ trayāṇāṃ dvikānāmekaiko dvikastribhiritaraiḥ kaṭutiktakaṣāyai

Each one of these three dual combinations should be combined with the other three tastes—pungent, bitter, and astringent;

8.6.72.p2

rasairyojyaḥ tatastrikā niṣpadyante | tadyathā--madhurāmlakaṭuḥ madhurāmlatiktaḥ madhurāmlakaṣāyaḥ madhuralavaṇakaṭuḥ madhuralavaṇatiktaḥ madhuralavaṇakaṣāyaḥ amlalavaṇakaṭuḥ amlalavaṇatiktaḥ amlalavaṇakaṣāya

thence triple combinations are produced, namely: sweet-sour-pungent, sweet-sour-bitter, sweet-sour-astringent, sweet-salty-pungent, sweet-salty-bitter, sweet-salty-astringent, sour-salty-pungent, sour-salty-bitter, and sour-salty-astringent.

8.6.72.p3

iti | uttareṣu triṣu raseṣu kaṭutiktakaṣāyeṣu trayo dvikā niṣpadyante

Among the latter three tastes—pungent, bitter, and astringent—three dual combinations are produced,

8.6.72.p4

tadyathā--kaṭutiktaḥ kaṭukaṣāyaḥ tiktakaṣāya iti eṣāṃ trayāṇāṃ

namely: pungent-bitter, pungent-astringent, and bitter-astringent. Of these three

8.6.72.p5

dvikānāmekaiko dvikastribhiritarairmadhurāmlalavaṇai rasairyojayitavyaḥ tatra

dual combinations, each single pair is to be combined with the other three tastes—sweet, sour, and salty; thereon

8.6.72.p6

trikā niṣpadyante | tadyathā--kaṭutiktamadhuraḥ kaṭutiktāmlaḥ kaṭutiktalavaṇaḥ kaṭukaṣāyamadhuraḥ kaṭukaṣāyāmlaḥ kaṭukaṣāyalavaṇaḥ

triple combinations are produced, namely: pungent-bitter-sweet, pungent-bitter-sour, pungent-bitter-salty, pungent-astringent-sweet, pungent-astringent-sour, pungent-astringent-salty,

8.6.72.p7

tiktakaṣāyamadhuraḥ tiktakaṣāyāmlaḥ tiktakaṣāyalavaṇa iti | pūrve

bitter-astringent-sweet, bitter-astringent-sour, and bitter-astringent-salty. Those of the former

8.6.72.p8

cottare ca | pūrve ca trayaḥ madhurāmlalavaṇatrika ekaḥ uttare ca trayaḥ

and those of the latter; and the former three [combined with each other]: one triplet of sweet, sour, and salty; and the latter three: one

8.6.73

kaṭukatiktakaṣāyatrika ekaḥ | ta ete trikā viṃśatirbhavanti prathamena
sūtreṇoktā nava nava ca dvitīyena tṛtīyena dvāviti

triplet of pungent, bitter, and astringent. These triple combinations are twenty: nine stated in the first rule, nine in the second, and two in the third.

8.6.73.p1

pūrveṣu triṣu raseṣu madhurāmlalavaṇeṣu trayo'dhikā ye pūrvoktāste pareṣāṃ

The three combinations that were mentioned earlier among the former three tastes—sweet, sour, and salty—are

8.6.73.p2

trayāṇāṃ rasānāṃ kaṭukatiktakaṣāyāṇāṃ pūrvoktaistribhirdvikaiḥ pratyekaikaśyena yojayitavyāḥ tena catuṣkā niṣpadyante | tadyathā--madhurāmlakaṭutiktaḥ madhurāmlakaṭukaṣāyaḥ madhurāmlatiktakaṣāyaḥ madhuralavaṇakaṭutiktaḥ madhuralavaṇakaṭukaṣāyaḥ madhuralavaṇatiktakaṣāyaḥ amlalavaṇakaṭutiktaḥ amlalavaṇakaṭukaṣāyaḥ amlalavaṇatiktakaṣāya iti

to be combined individually one by one with the aforementioned three dual combinations of the latter three tastes—pungent, bitter, and astringent; thereby quadruple combinations are produced, namely: sweet-sour-pungent-bitter, sweet-sour-pungent-astringent, sweet-sour-bitter-astringent, sweet-salty-pungent-bitter, sweet-salty-pungent-astringent, sweet-salty-bitter-astringent, sour-salty-pungent-bitter, sour-salty-pungent-astringent, and sour-salty-bitter-astringent.

8.6.73.p3

pūrve madhurāmlalavaṇā uttaraiḥ kaṭukatiktakaṣāyairekaikaśo yujyante

The former tastes—sweet, sour, and salty—are combined individually one by one with the latter—pungent, bitter, and astringent—

8.6.74

tadyathā--madhurāmlalavaṇakaṭuḥ madhurāmlalavaṇatiktaḥ madhurāmlalavaṇakaṣāya iti | uttare trayaḥ kaṭukatiktakaṣāyāḥ pūrvairmadhurāmlalavaṇairekaikaśo yujyante tataścatuṣkā niṣpadyante | tadyathā--kaṭutiktakaṣāyamadhuraḥ kaṭutiktakaṣāyāmlaḥ kaṭutiktakaṣāyalavaṇa iti | ete
catuṣkāḥ pañcadaśa pūrvasūtroktā nava dvitīyasūtroktāstrayaḥ tṛtīyasūtroktāstrayaḥ ityete catuṣkāḥ pañcadaśa

namely: sweet-sour-salty-pungent, sweet-sour-salty-bitter, and sweet-sour-salty-astringent. The latter three—pungent, bitter, and astringent—are combined individually one by one with the former—sweet, sour, and salty; thence quadruple combinations are produced, namely: pungent-bitter-astringent-sweet, pungent-bitter-astringent-sour, and pungent-bitter-astringent-salty. These quadruple combinations are fifteen: nine stated in the first rule, three stated in the second rule, and three stated in the third rule; thus these quadruple combinations are fifteen.

8.6.75

ṣaṭ pañcakāḥ | ṣaṇṇāṃ rasānāṃ madhurāmlalavaṇakaṭutiktakaṣāyāṇāmekaikamapanayitavyāḥ ṣaṭ pañcakā niṣpadyante | tadyathā-amlalavaṇakaṭutiktakaṣāyaḥ madhuralavaṇakaṭutiktakaṣāyaḥ madhurāmlakaṭutiktakaṣāyaḥ madhurāmlalavaṇatiktakaṣāyaḥ madhurāmlalavaṇakaṭukaṣāyaḥ madhurāmlalavaṇakaṭutikta iti | ta ete ṣaṭ pañcakāḥ
ṣaḍbhirmadhurāmlalavaṇakaṭutiktakaṣāyairekaḥ | tadyathā--madhurāmlalavaṇakaṭutiktakaṣāya iti | ta evamete rasāstriṣaṣṭidhā bhinnāḥ tatra
saṃyuktāḥ saptapañcāśat asaṃyuktāḥ ṣaṭ

There are six quintuple combinations. By omitting one taste at a time from the six tastes—sweet, sour, salty, pungent, bitter, and astringent—six quintuple combinations are produced, namely: sour-salty-pungent-bitter-astringent, sweet-salty-pungent-bitter-astringent, sweet-sour-pungent-bitter-astringent, sweet-sour-salty-bitter-astringent, sweet-sour-salty-pungent-astringent, and sweet-sour-salty-pungent-bitter. These are the six quintuple combinations. There is one combination of all six tastes: sweet-sour-salty-pungent-bitter-astringent. Thus, these tastes are divided into sixty-three varieties; among them, fifty-seven are combined, and six are uncombined.

8.6.76

iti ha smāha bhagavān kaśyapaḥ

Thus spoke the venerable Kaśyapa.

8.6.76.p1

iti khileṣu rasadoṣavibhāgīyo nāma ṣaṣṭho'dhyāyaḥ

Thus ends the sixth chapter, named “Classification of Tastes and Humours,” in the supplementary section.

8.6.76.p2

atha saṃśuddhiviśeṣaṇīyo nāma saptamo'dhyāyaḥ