Garudapurana 1.222

The glorious Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa [chapter] 222.
Brahmā said:
I shall speak of penances and the like, which destroy the multitude of hells. / Flies, drops of saliva, a woman, water on the ground, fire, / a cat, and a mongoose—these are always clean.

A twice-born who heedlessly eats what has been touched by the leavings of a śūdra, / having fasted for a day and night, becomes pure by [consuming] pañcagavya.

If a brāhmaṇa is ever touched by an impure brāhmaṇa carrying food remnants, / bathing and silent recitation are to be performed, and he eats at the end of the day.

Food contaminated with a fly or hair becomes pure at that instant by vomiting [it up]. / And he who eats from the palm of the hand, with a finger, or off the arm,

would become pure in a day and night, or if he drinks water [thus contaminated]. / But water that is the residue of what was drunk with the left hand is like liquor.

Water contained inside leather is impure; one should not drink it. / In whose house an unknown outcaste dwells:

a cāndrāyaṇa or a parāka is the purification for twice-borns, / but a prājāpatya for a śūdra, when it is discovered afterwards; and likewise for others.

Whoever eats cooked food there, one should assign half a kṛcchra to him; / and whoever eats food from those [persons] as well, a quarter-kṛcchra is prescribed.

And of washermen, actors, and those who make a living by bamboo and leather— / whoever eats the food of these, a twice-born should perform a cāndrāyaṇa.

If through ignorance a brāhmaṇa drinks water from cāṇḍālas' wells or vessels, / he should perform a sāntapana; and half of that is remembered for a vaiśya.

A quarter is to be assigned to a śūdra. [If water is drunk] in an outcaste's house through ignorance, / the penance would be three kṛcchras; it is a parāka for sexual union with an outcaste woman.

A twice-born who eats the leavings of an outcaste is purified by a cāndrāyaṇa; / when he heedlessly eats cāṇḍāla food, he should perform a lunar observance.

The kṣatriya class [performs] a sāntapana, and the others six [days] and two nights. / If a cāṇḍāla and a brāhmaṇa are on the same tree, and [the brāhmaṇa] heedlessly / eats fruit there, he is purified in a day and night.

If, having eaten, seated, and not yet sipped water, one should touch a cāṇḍāla, / one should recite the Gāyatrī eight thousand times, or the Drupadā verse a hundred times.

Or if feces and urine are evacuated [in proximity] with cāṇḍālas or dog-cookers, O twice-borns, / the penance would be three nights; and a parāka for sexual union with an outcaste woman.

For having unintentionally approached such women, a parāka is effective there; / for one who is begotten upon an outcaste caste, there is no penance.

If a twice-born drinks water from vessels corrupted by liquor and the like, / he is indeed purified by a quarter-kṛcchra and by the rite of a repeat sacrament.

Those brāhmaṇas who have fallen away [from their vows] because of lightning, fire, wind, and the like, / and, having accepted food and drink, wish to enter another household,

should be made to perform three kṛcchras and three cāndrāyaṇas indeed, / along with the birth-rite and other sacraments: so said the sage Vasiṣṭha.

A woman seen [in violation] is purified through prājāpatya and the like by eating twice [a day]. / A twice-born touched by food leavings, or by food leavings touched by a dog or by a śūdra,

having fasted for one night, is purified by pañcagavya; / but when touched by an outcaste beyond the classes, [he is purified] in five nights.

Continuous streams [of water] are not polluted, nor dust blown by the wind; / women, children, and the elderly are never defiled.

A woman's mouth is always pure; fruit dropped by birds is pure; / a calf is pure at the flowing of milk; a dog is pure in the seizing of deer.

In water, that which is in the water is pure; on dry land, that which is born of dry land is pure; / and one's two feet should be placed right there; having sipped water, one attains purity.

A bell-metal vessel is purified with ash if it is not smeared with liquor; / [if] mixed with urine or liquor, it is truly purified by heating.

Bell-metal vessels smelled by cows, and those that have śūdra leavings, / or those struck by crows and dogs, are purified with ten [applications of] ash.

He who eats from a śūdra's dish [should take] pañcagavya after fasting for three days; / a brāhmaṇa who touches leavings, or a dog, or a śūdra, is more culpable.

Having fasted, he is purified by pañcagavya after touching a menstruating woman. / In waterless regions, or on a path filled with thieves and tigers,

having evacuated urine or feces with articles in hand, one is not defiled; / having set that article down on the ground and performed purification with a concentrated mind,

fermented rice-water, curd, milk, buttermilk, and kṛsara / may be accepted even from a śūdra; likewise meat and honey from an outcaste.

If a brāhmaṇa or other drinks liquor—molasses-derived, grain-derived, or madhūka-derived— / the twice-born is purified drinking liquor when drinking fire-colored [boiling] liquor.

A brāhmaṇa must recite five hundred [Gāyatrīs], and a hundred of the Gāyatrī for a kṣatriya, / if a brāhmaṇa eats food or [drinks] from a drinking cup during birth-impurity.

A brāhmaṇa is pure in ten days, a kṣatriya from twelve days, / a vaiśya in fifteen days, and a śūdra is purified in a month.

For kings in battles, in sacrifices and the like, and for those who have gone to another land, / and when a young child or one less than a month old dies, immediate purification is prescribed.

Likewise an unmarried girl, a twice-born without the muñja grass girdle, / a child whose teeth have appeared, and a three-year-old maiden:

their purification is in three nights; in miscarriage, by three nights; / for a woman who has given birth, [the days of impurity] equal [the months of gestation]; and a menstruating woman [becomes pure] on the fourth day.

During a famine, an invasion of the realm, in birth-impurity, or in death-impurity, / observances are not violated, nor are those devoted to the duty of giving.

At the time of giving fees, in a marriage and the like, when gods and twice-born are invited, / or when an intention has already been made, there is no impurity regarding birth or death.

From contact with a woman in childbirth, a twice-born would likewise become impure. / Where the fires are offered into, or where the Veda is recited,

[and] the daily Vaiśvadeva [rites] and others [are held], there is no birth-impurity for them. / Having eaten in an impure house, a twice-born becomes pure after three nights.

A Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya, and Śūdra woman during menstruation— / through mutually touching one another there, the Brāhmaṇa woman [is purified] after three nights,

the Kṣatriya woman after two nights, the Vaiśya woman is purified by fasting, / and the Śūdra woman would be purified by a bath; one should not discard more than a droṇa [of food touched by them].

Food approached by a crow or a dog—one should abandon the outer part; / having sprinkled it with gold-water, one should heat it over the sacrificial fire.

Having seen a dog, a jackal, or a monkey fallen into a well, / after drinking the water of that well, a twice-born would be purified in three days, / a Kṣatriya in two days, and a Vaiśya after one day.

If bone, skin, excrement, or a mouse [is taken] from a well, / then having drawn out the water, it would become purified and clean through the five products of the cow.

Likewise, if one casts ashes or the like into a tank, a lotus pool, or elsewhere, / having drawn out six jars of water, it is purified with the five products of the cow.

If menstrual blood has fallen into the midst, one should draw out thirty jars. / Having had intercourse with forbidden women, or having consumed liquor or beef,

a twice-born would be purified by the cāndrāyaṇa penance, a king by the prājāpatya, / a Vaiśya by the sāntapana, and a Śūdra is fully purified in five days.

When the penance is completed, he should give cows and a meal for Brāhmaṇas. / In sports, on bedding, and the like, an indigo-dyed cloth brings no defilement.

One should not touch indigo-dyed cloth, and [a user of] indigo goes to hell. / The slayer of a Brāhmaṇa, the drinker of liquor, the thief, and the violator of the guru's bed,

together with a fifth who associates with them, are purified on seeing the Great Bear; / then he should give a hundred cows and a feast for Brāhmaṇas.

A slayer of a Brāhmaṇa should build a hut and dwell in the forest for twelve years, / or a liquor-drinker should throw himself into a well-kindled fire.

A thief should surrender all [his property] to a Brāhmaṇa who knows the Veda. / And a violator of the guru's bed should give a bull and a thousand cows.

Having committed a sin in tethering, he should perform two quarter-penances while restraining a beast. / A complete kṛcchra penance is [prescribed] when [an animal falls into] a water trough, in a forest, or from the burning of a house.

When a cow dies through the fault of a neck ornament, a quarter-kṛcchra is [prescribed]. / Having broken a bone of cows, or broken a horn,

or in the piercing of the hide or the destruction of the tail, he should drink barley gruel for half a month. / For all [harm caused] by elephants, horses, weapons, and the like, a kṛcchra is certainly [prescribed].

Having unwittingly consumed feces, urine, or whatever has been touched by liquor, / the three twice-born castes undergo a renewed sacrament.

Tonsure, the girdle, the staff, begging alms, and the observances / are omitted for the twice-born in the rite of renewed sacrament.

Raw meat, ghee, honey, and oils produced over time, / even if placed in an outcaste's vessel, are all traditionally declared pure once brought out.

Oil and the like, ghee, liquor made from madhūka flowers, merchandise, and liquid: / eating once a day, in the evening, eating unasked, each for one day in order, / and fasting—that is a pāda-kṛcchra; and what is twice a half-kṛcchra

would be the prājāpatya penance, destroying all sins. / A kṛcchra with seven fasts is known as the mahāsāntapana.

He should drink hot water for three days, hot milk for three days, / and hot clarified butter for three days; that is the tapta-kṛcchra, which removes sin.

Through a fast of twelve days, the parāka removes all sins. / He should increase by one morsel [daily] during the light fortnight, and decrease it during the dark fortnight.

The milk of a gold-colored cow, the dung of a white-colored cow, / the urine of a copper-colored cow, the ghee from a black-colored cow,

and the curd should be of a black-colored cow, mixed with kuśa-grass water: / eight māṣakas of cow's urine, four of cow dung,

twelve of milk are prescribed, and ten of curd are stated, / and five māṣakas of ghee—this is the five products of the cow, which removes impurities.

Thus ends the two hundred and twenty-second chapter, titled “The Description of Expiations,” in the section on conduct, in the first portion of the first section in the glorious and great Garuḍa Purāṇa.