Yāska's Nirukta 33
Ṛjvarthā (Niruktavṛtti) 33
- Language
- Sanskrit
Contents
- 33.1 — 5 parts
33.1.1
na jāmaye iti | "na jāmaye bhaginyai" "tānvaḥ ātmajaḥ" ātmano dhiyo jātaḥ saḥ ātmajaḥ || sa ca kiṃ karoti iti ? "riktham āraik" | rikthaṃ paitṛkaṃ dhanaṃ na "prādāt" na pradadau iti || kiṃ tarhi tasyāḥ karoti ? iti | ucyate- "cakāra garbhaṃ saniturnidhānam” | "sanituḥ hastagrāhasya” bhaginībhartuḥ prasavasamarthāṃ karoti, puṣṇātītyarthaḥ || kiṃca, "yadi mātaraḥ" yat putradvayamiha mātaro janayanti, "vahniṃ" ca boddhā voḍhāraṃ "putram" "avahniṃ ca" aboḍhrīṃ "striyam” tayordvayorapi voḍhṛvoḍhryoḥ putrayoḥ "anyataraḥ" ekataraḥ "karttā" "santānakarttā bhavati" || katamaḥ ? yaḥ "pumān" sa eva ca "dāyādaḥ" dāyārhaḥ; netaraḥ kanyākhyaḥ || kiṃca, tayorubhayorapi "sukṛtoḥ" sukṛtayoḥ sutarāmekenāpi prayatnena kṛtayorutpāditayoḥ "anya ṛndhan" "anyataro'rddhayitvā” sukṛto'pi supuṣṭo'pi san "jāmiḥ” jāmyākhyo bhaginyākhyaḥ "pradīyate parasmai" na kasyāścidvyavasthāyāmasāvātmīyo bhavatītyabhiprāyaḥ || evamasyāmṛci 'na jāmaye tānvo rikthamārek' iti na duhitaro rikthabhāginyo bhavanti, naitāḥ santānakarmaṇi piturupatiṣṭhante, varddhayitvā hyetāḥ parasmai dīyante, tasmādabhāgā etā iti || yat punaretaduktaṃ puṃso'pi dānātisargavikrayā vidyanta iti, tat kadācit kenacinnimittena bhavati, strī tu nisargeṇaiva dīyate vikrīyate visṛjyate vā, sā hi parārthamevotpadyate, tasmādabhogā iti3 | 3 | 6 | prasaktānuprasaktamidamuktam, tadyathā-'janayituḥ prajāḥ' ityevamādi || prakṛtamidānīmucyate,-
33.1.2
"manuṣyanāmānyuttarāṇi pañcaviṃśatiḥ” | manuṣyāṇāṃ nāmāni manuṣyanāmāni uttarāṇi prakṛtebhyo'patyanāmabhyaḥ, apatyānyeva hi vivṛddhāni santi manuṣyā ityucyante || kiyanti punastāni ? pañcaviṃśatiḥ, pañca ca viṃśatiśca pañcaviṃśatiḥ (25) || katamāni punastāni ? “manuṣyāḥ, naraḥ”-ityevamādīni || nṛtyanti karmasviti naraḥ ityevamādi |
33.1.3
"tadya vācaḥ prathamaṃ maṃsīya0 juṣadhvam ( ṛ0 saṃ0 8, 1, 13, 4 )" | pragātho'syārṣam | tasya viśvedevaiḥ saha saṃvādaḥ | tatreyaṃ hotṛjape viniyuktā || "tat” vīryyaṃ "vācaḥ” “paramam” utkṛṣṭam aham "adya" "maṃsīya" manye jāne ityarthaḥ || tena vīryeṇa kim ? iti - "yena asurān abhibhavema” vayam | he devāḥ ! || “ūrjādaḥ” annabhakṣayitāraḥ | api ca he “yajñiyāsaḥ” yajñasampādinaḥ “devāḥ !” yūyam | api ca he"pañcajanāḥ” manuṣyāḥ ! niṣādapañcamā varṇāḥ ! “mama” idaṃ “hotraṃ" "juṣadhvam" anugṛhṇīdhvam || iti samastārthaḥ || ayaikapadaniruktam- "asurāḥ asuratāḥ sthāneṣu” te hi na suṣṭhu ratāḥ sthāneṣu, capalā ityarthaḥ || atha "vā" astāḥ sthānebhyaḥ iti" pracyavitā devairityarthaḥ || "api vā asuriti prāṇanāma" | sa hi "astaḥ" kṣipta iva "śarīre bhavati" asya hi tatra nityamavasthānamityabhiprāyaḥ || "tena" hi "tadvantaḥ" bhavanti | ro matvarthe || athavā idamanyad brāhmaṇoktaṃ nirvacana syāt "sordevānasṛjata" suriti praśastanāma | praśastādātmanaḥ pradeśāt prajāpatiḥ surānasṛjat, ūrdhvebhyaḥ prāṇebhyaḥ | taduktam,-"ūrdhvamudatṇan pūrvapakṣaḥ paścāddaśaḥ, tena sordevānasṛjata tat surāṇāṃ suratvam-iti vijñāyate |" evameva prātilomyena "aso rasurānasṛjata" | asuriti praśastapratiṣedhaḥ | apraśastādātmanaḥ pradeśāt prajāpatirasurānasṛjata | taduktam,-'arvāṅvātiradaparapakṣaḥ, tena asurānasṛjata'--iti ||
33.1.4
ūrjāda uta yajñiyāsaḥ," "annādāśca yajñiyāśca" || "ūrgityannanāma" taddhi "ūrjayati" baliṣṭhaṃ karotītyarthaḥ || atha "vā" "pakvam" etat "supravṛkṇam" bhavati "iti" kakārarephasāmānyāt pacervṛścatervā syāt | dvayorapi vā taddhi pakvaṃ sanmṛdutvāt succhedya bhavati || "pañcajanā mama hotra juṣadhvam" | etadatra sandehapadamekamuddhṛtya pradarśitam | "gandharvāḥ pitaro devā asurā rakṣāṃsītyeke" manyante || "catvāro varṇāḥ" niṣādaḥ pañcamaḥ, ityaupamanyavaḥ" | niṣadya hantīti niṣādaḥ prāṇibadhajīvanaḥ || athavā "nimagnamasmin pāpakamiti" niṣādaḥ saudhanvana ityeke manyante | sa ca rathakāraḥ | "ratha̱ṃ ye ca̱kruḥ su̱vṛta̍ṃ sucetaso'vi̍ddhvarantaṃ mana̍sa̱spari̱dhyayā̍ | tā ū̱nva̍sya̱ sava̍nasya pī̱taya̱ ā vo̍ vājā ṛbhavo ve̱dayāmasi" ||-iti (ṛ0 saṃ0 3, 7, 7, 2) | tasya hi bhinnakālamādhāna śrūyata,-"varṣāsu rathakāraḥ" | "ṛbhūṇāṃ tvā iti rathakārasya" iti ca mantrabhedaḥ,- "saudhanvanā ṛbhavaḥ ( ṛ0 saṃ0 1, 7, 30, 4 )"iti ca mantraliṅgāt || yathā tu pañcajanaśabdena manuṣyā eva niṣādapañcamā varṇā ucyante tathaiṣa nigamaḥ"yatpāñca̍janyā vi̱śondre̱ ghoṣā̱ asṛ̍kṣata | astṛ̍ṇādba̱rhaṇā̍ vi̱po'ryo mā̱nasya̱ sa kṣaya̍ḥ ||"-iti ( ṛ0 saṃ0 6, 4, 43, 1 ) | pragāthena dṛṣṭā | 33anuṣṭup| aindrī | pṛṣṭhyasya pañcame'hani marutvatīyaśastrasya pratipadeṣā | 'yat' yadā 'pāñcajanyā viśo' "pañcajanonayā viśā" pañcajanasamudāyalakṣaṇayā
33.1.5
sahitaiḥ stotṛbhiḥ ṛtvigbhiḥ avarṣati 'indre' varṣārthibhiḥ 'ghoṣāḥ' stutīḥ 'asṛkṣata' asṛjyanta | niṣādapañcamā varṇā āttīḥ santo varṣābhāve astuvataiva indram- 'varṣa bhagavan !' ityevamarthayantaḥ | ata idamuktam, - yadā pāñcajanyayā viśā saha ghoṣā ṛtvigbhiḥ asṛjyantati || tadā kim ? iti | tadā upaśrutya sa indraḥ tābhiḥ prahlāditacetāḥ 'astṛṇāt' ahan varṣārtha medhān | 'barhaṇā' parivṛddhena vajreṇa, parivṛddhāni vā meghajālāni 'vipaḥ' vipāṭayitā meghānāṃ, medhāvī vā 'ayyaḥ' īśvaraḥ kṛtsnasya jagataḥ || kasmāt punarastṛṇāt ? yasmāt 'mānasya sa kṣayaḥ' mānasya darpasya balasya vīryyasya saḥ kṣayaḥ nivāsaḥ, tasmāt astṛṇāt | avīryyo hi stūyamānaḥ kiṃ kuryyāt parituṣṭo'pi ? athavā mānasya satkārasya pūjāyāḥ sa indraḥ kṣayo nivāso bhājanamiti manvānaiḥ stotṛbhiḥ varṣārthibhiḥ satkṛtaḥ, tān varṣapradānena pratisatkārayiṣyan astṛṇāt meghān || api vā asya jagannirmāṇasya devādeḥ sthāvarāntasya sa indraḥ kṣayo nivāsa āśrayo yasmāt tato meghānastṛṇāt - anāvṛṣṭidvāreṇāsya jagataḥ vināśo mā bhūt kathanāmetyābhiprāyeṇa || "pañca pṛktā saṅkhyā" | sā hi "strīpuṃnapuṃsakeṣvaviśiṣṭā" eva bhavati | tadyathā - pañca striyaḥ, pañca puruṣāḥ, pañca kulāni-iti | eva pañcaśabde strīpuṃnapuṃsakeṣu viśeṣo nāsti | 3 | 8 |
33.2
manuṣyanāmānyuttarāṇi pañcaviṃśatiḥ |
7 |
āha,-"manuṣyāḥ kasmāt” ! ucyate-“matvā” jñātvā, tata ete “karmāṇi” “sīvyanti” saṃtanvantītyarthaḥ || athavā “manasyamānena” prajāpatinā “sṛṣṭāḥ” || “manasyatiḥ punaḥ” ayaṃ dhātuḥ “manasvībhāve” manasvībhāvo nāma prakṛṣṭatā || prakṛṣṭatā prajāpatinaite sṛṣṭāḥ || athavā “manorapatyaṃ” manuṣyāḥ “manuṣo vā” apatyaṃ manuṣyāḥ |
7 |
“tatra pañcajanā ityetasya nigamā bhavanti” mandigdhāḥ, tatreyamṛgudāharaṇam | tedyathā, -
'bāhunāmānyuttarāṇi dvādaśa' | bāhvornāmāni bāhunāmāni uttarāṇi prakṛtebhyo manuṣyanāmabhyaḥ | manuṣyāṇāmeva hi bhavantīti manuṣyanāmabhya uttarāṇi bāhunāmāni || kiyanti punastāni ? dvādaśa dve ca daśa ca dvādaśa 12 || katamāni punastāni ? "āyatī, cyavānā, abhīśū"-ityevamādīni | ābhiśrībhavataḥ karmmabhiretāyiti āyūto | vyāmathitārau karmaṇā cyavānā | abhīśū abhyaśnuvāte karmāṇi | ityevamādi yojyam |
8 |
33.4
"aṅgulināmānyuttarāṇi dvāviṃśatiḥ" | aṅgulīnāṃ nāmāni aṅgulināmāni' uttarāṇi prakṛtebhyo bāhunāmabhyaḥ | bāhvoreva hyaṅgulayo bhavantīti bāhunāmabhya uttarāṇi aṅgulināmāni || kiyanti punastāni ? dvāviṃśatiḥ dve ca viṃśatiśca dvāviṃśatiḥ22|| katamāni punastāni ? "agruvaḥ, aṇvyaḥ, kṣipaḥ"-ityevamādīni | bāhvagre avasthitā avantyetāḥ karmāṇīti agruvaḥ | aṇvyaḥ parimāṇāt etāḥ | kṣipyate ābhiḥ kṣeptavyaṃ dravyamiti kṣipaḥ | ityevamādi |
3 |
8 |
33.5
āha-"aṅgulyaḥ kasmāt" ? ucyate-"agragāminyo bhavanti" agre hyetāḥ karmasu gacchanti || atha "vā" "agragālinyo bhavanti" agre hyetā galanti udakāni ||
"agrakāriṇyo vā bhavanti" agre hyetāḥ karmāṇi kurvanti || "aṅkanā bhavantīti vā" tathāhi,-yo hyetāṃbhirabhihanyate'sāvaṅkita iva bhavati || "añcanā bhavantīti vā" "api vā abhyañcanādeva syuḥ" etā hi taṃtamarthamābhimukhyenāñcanti gacchanti | yetu"abhyañjanāḥ"-ityabhidhīyante, teṣāmabhyajyata ābhirityaṅgulayaḥ |
3 |
8 |
"tāsām" aṅgulīnām "eṣā" nirvacikā ṛk "bhavati" --
33.30
āha-"bāhū kasmāt" ? ucyate- "prabādhata ābhyāṃ karmāṇi" prakarṣeṇa bādhate prakṣepayatyābhyāṃ karmāṇi |
3 |
8 |
3 ||
Linked texts (1)
- Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit