India as Known to Panini: A Study of the Cultural Material in the Ashtadhyayi c7.s4.3

c7.s4.3

This identification is also supported by important linguistic evidence, *viz.* that the root *śava* 'to go' which was noticed by Yāska as a peculiarity of Kamboja speech (*Śavatir-gatikarmā Kambojeshveva bhāshyate*, Nirukta, II.2), is still current there. (Cf. Grierson, *Linguistic Survey of India*, Vol. X, pp. 468, 473, 474, 476, 500, etc; Jayachandra, *Bhārata-Bhūmi*, pp. 297-303). The Kambojas are known as Kambujiya in the Old-Persian Inscriptions. In the *Aitareya Brāh-maṇa* the Uttarakurus and the Uttaramadras are described as living beyond the Himālaya (VIII.14); and in the *Vaṁśa Brāhmaṇa* Kāmboja Aupamanyava is spoken of as a pupil of Madragāra, from which the *Vedic Index* postulates a possible connection of the Uttaramadras with the Kambojas, who probably had Iranian as well as Indian affinities, (*Vedic Index*, I.84, 138 cf. also Jean Przyluski, An Ancient People of the Punjab: The Udumbaras, *Journal Asiatique*, 1926, p.11 showing that Bālhīka was an Iranian settlement of the Madras; Bālhīka-Uttaramadra).