一切經音義 17
English (machine translation) 17
- Language
- English
17.1
Compiled by the monk Huilin, translator of texts under the Great Tang
17.2
Sounds and Meanings of the Ruhuan sanmei jing (Māyopamasamādhi-sūtra), two fascicles, compiled by Huilin;
Shanzhuyi tianzi jing (Suvikrāntacintidevaputra-paripṛcchā-sūtra), three fascicles, compiled by Huilin;
Taizi shuahu jing, one fascicle, compiled by Huilin;
Taizi hexiu jing, one fascicle, compiled by Huilin;
Dacheng xian shi jing, two fascicles, compiled by Huilin;
Huishang pusa wen dashanquan jing, two fascicles, compiled by Xuanying;
Dacheng fangdeng yaohui jing, one fascicle, compiled by Huilin;
Miled pusa suowen benyuan jing, one fascicle, compiled by Huilin;
Foyiri manibao jing, one fascicle, compiled by Xuanying;
Moheyan baoyan jing, one fascicle, compiled by Huilin;
Shengman shizihou yicheng da fangbian fangguang jing (Śrīmālādevīsiṃhanāda-sūtra), one fascicle, compiled by Xuanying;
Biyesuo wen jing, two fascicles, compiled by Xuanying;
Dafangdeng daji jing (Mahāvaipulya mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra), thirty fascicles, compiled by Xuanying;
Daji rizang fen (Sūryagarbha section of the Mahāsaṃnipāta), ten fascicles, compiled by Xuanying;
Daji yuezang fen (Candragarbha section of the Mahāsaṃnipāta), ten fascicles, compiled by Xuanying.
The above are fifteen sūtras in sixty-eight fascicles.
17.3
Ruhuan sanmei jing (Māyopamasamādhi-sūtra)
17.4
Upper Fascicle
17.5
Compiled by Huilin
17.6
德鎧 (fanqie: 開 + 代; the Kaosheng says: "鎧 means helmet and armor." The Wenzi jilüe says: "Covering the body with metal or leather is called 鎧." The Shuowen says: "It means armor. It is classified under metal (金) and takes 愷 abbreviated as phonetic.")
17.7
宴居 (fanqie: 煙 + 見; Guo's commentary on the Erya says: "宴 means leisurely and at ease." The Shuowen says: "宴 means peaceful; at rest; also quiet. It is classified under roof (宀) and takes 妟 as phonetic." In the sūtra it is written as 燕; ancients borrowed the character, and the meaning also holds).
17.8
愚戇 (fanqie: 卓 + 降; the Kaosheng says: "戇 means that one's vitality and mind are not sharp." The Huainanzi says: "Looking at Boyi from the perspective of Guan Zhong, one would call him 戇 (foolish)." The Shuowen says: "戇 means foolish. It is classified under heart (心) and takes 贛 as phonetic." 贛 is pronounced 貢).
17.9
牴揬 (the first character has the fanqie: 丁 + 禮; the Zhanguoce says: "牴 means to butt or gore." The Shuowen defines it likewise: "It is classified under ox (牛) and takes 氐 as phonetic." 氐 has the same sound. The second character has the fanqie: 徒 + 骨; the Guangya says: "揬 means to dash against." The Wenzi dianshuo says: "It is classified under hand (手) and takes 突 as phonetic." In the sūtra it is written as 𥥛, which is also acceptable).
17.10
恭恪 (fanqie: 康 + 各; Kong's commentary on the Shangshu says: "恪 means respectful." The Shuowen says: "It is classified under guest (客) and under heart (心), written as 愙, which is the ancient character." Sometimes written as 㤩. The Gujin zhengzi classifies it under heart (心) with 各 as phonetic).
17.11
憺怕 (the first character has the fanqie: 談 + 敢; the Cang Jie pian says: "憺 means calm." The Guangya says: "It means peaceful." The Shuowen says: "It means tranquil. It is classified under heart (心) and takes 詹 as phonetic." The second character has the fanqie: 普 + 伯; the Guangya says: "怕 means tranquil and quiet." The Shuowen says: "It means free of thought. It is classified under heart (心) and takes 白 as phonetic." In the sūtra it is written as 伯, which is incorrect).
17.12
愚騃 (fanqie: 崖 + 解, a word in the rising tone; the Cang Jie pian says: "騃 means ignorant." The Picang says: "It means foolish." The Shuowen says: "A horse trotting vigorously. It is classified under horse (馬) and takes 矣 as phonetic." 仡 has the fanqie: 銀 + 訖).
17.13
千姟 (fanqie: 改 + 孩; the Suanjing says: "A hundred thousand is called an yì (億); ten yì are called a zhào (兆); ten zhào are called a jīng (京); ten jīng are called a gāi (姟)." It is a name for a numerical order. The Gujin zhengzi says: "It means great; a number. It is classified under woman (女) and takes 亥 as phonetic." In the sūtra it is written with earth (土 as phonetic/radical), which is an erroneous usage).
17.14
汲引 (the first character has the fanqie: 金 + 岌; the Guangya says: "汲 means to draw." The Shuowen says: "汲 also means to draw water. It is classified under water (水) and takes 及 as phonetic.")
17.15
以檛 (fanqie: 陟 + 瓜; the Kaosheng says: "檛 means to strike." The Shenglei says: "It means to whip." The Gujin zhengzi says: "It is classified under wood (木) and takes 過 as phonetic." The Shuowen classifies it under bamboo (竹), written as 𥬸, which is the ancient character).
17.16
傀琦 (the first character has the fanqie: 古 + 迥; the Jixun says: "It means strong and large." The Guiyuan zhucong says: "Luxuriant." 傀琦 means a fine, beautiful appearance. The Shuowen says: "It means extraordinary. It is classified under person (人) and takes 鬼 abbreviated as phonetic." In the sūtra it is written with jade (玉) as 瑰, which is not suitable for this use. The second character has the sound 奇; the Picang says: "瑰璋 are precious and extraordinary gems." The Gujin zhengzi classifies it under jade (玉) with 奇 as phonetic).
17.17
姿豓 (the first character has the fanqie: 姉 + 私; the Zishu says: "姿 means demeanor and appearance." The Cang Jie pian says: "Charming and alluring countenance." The Shuowen says: "It means deportment. It is classified under woman (女) and takes 次 as phonetic." The second character has the fanqie: 鹽 + 贍; the Wenzi jilüe says: "𧰚 means lovely beauty." The Shuowen says: "Handsome and tall; it is classified under 盇." In the sūtra it is written with color (色) as 艷, which is a vulgar character. 盇 is pronounced 合, and is classified under 大 and 血).
17.18
兜術天 (this is an erroneous and abbreviated Sanskrit transliteration; the correct Sanskrit sound is Tuṣita-deva, which in the Tang language means "the Heaven of Contentment." The king of this heaven is mostly a bodhisattva bound to one last birth).
17.19
馳騁 (fanqie: 直 + 知; the second character has the fanqie: 勅 + 郢; Gu Yewang says: "馳 means to run." Du's commentary on the Zuo zhuan says: "騁 is like 馳 (to gallop)." The Guangya says: "馳 and 騁 both mean to rush." The Shuowen classifies both under horse (馬); 馳 takes 也 abbreviated as phonetic; 甹 has the fanqie 匹 + 丁, and serves as the phonetic [for 騁]).
17.20
疇匹 (fanqie: 直 + 留; Kong's commentary on the Shangshu says: "疇 means category; kind." Wang's commentary on the Chu ci says: "Four people make a 疇; two people make a 匹." It is classified under field (田) and takes 壽 as phonetic).
17.21
姝好 (the first character has the fanqie: 昌 + 朱; the commentary on the Mao Odes says: "姝 means beautiful countenance." The Fangyan says: "In the region between Jin, Wei, Yan, and Dai, attractive is called 姝." The Shuowen agrees with the Fangyan; it is classified under woman (女) and takes 朱 as phonetic).
17.22
牀榻 (the first character has the fanqie: 狀 + 莊; the second character has the fanqie: 吐 + 合; the Shiming says: "A narrow and long couch is called a 榻." The Shuowen says: "It is classified under wood (木) and takes [日/羽] as phonetic." [日/羽] has the same sound as above).
17.23
棚閣 (fanqie: 白 + 萌; the Guangya says: "棚 is also a pavilion/gallery (閣)." The Shuowen says: "A scaffold. It is classified under wood (木) and takes 朋 as phonetic.")
17.24
蠲除 (fanqie: 决 + 玄; Kong's commentary on the Shangshu says: "蠲 means clean." Guo's commentary on the Fangyan says: "蠲 also means to dispense with/descend." The Shuowen says: "It is classified under 蜀 and takes 益 as phonetic." It is an associative compound classified in the insect (虫) section. 益 is the proper character for 益).
17.25
稽顙 (fanqie: 溪 + 禮; a borrowed character. Kong's commentary on the Shangshu says: "稽首 means the head touching the ground." Zheng's commentary on the Zhouli says: "稽首 is a bow with the head reaching the ground." The Shuowen says: "It is classified under head (首) and takes 𣅀 as phonetic." The orthodox ancient form is [((巨-匚)/日)*(首-目+日)], which is the character for head. The sūtra writes it as 稽, whose original pronunciation is jī; it has long been borrowed by tradition. The second character has the fanqie: 桑 + 朗; the Fangyan says: "顙 means forehead." He Xiu's commentary on the Gongyang zhuan says: "稽顙 is like the present-day knocking of the head upon the ground.")
17.26
老耄 (the second character has the fanqie: 莫 + 報; the Yunying says: "耄 also means old." Du's commentary on the Zuo zhuan says: "耄 means senile and confused." The Book of Rites says: "At eighty or ninety one is called 耄." Zheng's commentary says: "耄 also means confused and forgetful." The ancient character was written as 𦹾. The Shuowen says: "It is classified under old (老) and takes 蒿 abbreviated as phonetic." Nowadays in vulgar usage it is commonly written as 老).
17.27
𰚫氂 (the first character has the fanqie: 號 + 高; the second character has the fanqie: 力 + 知; Wang Yi's commentary on the Chu ci says: "毫 is a long, pointed, stiff hair." Examining the Jiuzhang suanshu, it states: "Generally, the origin of linear measurement begins at a hū (忽); ten hū make a sī (絲); ten sī make a háo (𰚫/毫); ten háo make a lí (𣯛/氂)." Both characters are classified under hair (毛) and are phono-semantic characters).
17.28
Ruhuan sanmei jing (Māyopamasamādhi-sūtra), Lower Fascicle
17.29
悒悒 (pronounced with the fanqie: 音 + 立, the same as 邑; Wang's commentary on the Chu ci says: "悒 means grieving and sighing." The Cang Jie pian says: "The appearance of being uneasy." The Shuowen says: "Anxious. It is classified under heart (心) and takes 邑 as phonetic.")
17.30
佁礙 (the first character has the fanqie: 胎 + 賚; the second character has the fanqie: 我 + 蓋; the Kaosheng says: "佁礙 is the appearance of foolishness." Guo's commentary on the Fangyan says: "Dull-witted and foolish." The Shuowen says: "佁 is classified under person (人) and takes 台 as phonetic; 礙 is classified under stone (石) and takes 疑 as phonetic." In the sūtra it is written as 態礙, which is a borrowed usage).
17.31
損秏 (fanqie: 呼 + 到; the Cang Jie pian says: "秏 means consumed." The Yunquan says: "Reduced." The Shuowen says: "A kind of non-glutinous rice. It is classified under grain (禾) and takes 毛 as phonetic.")
17.32
狂悖 (fanqie: 劬 + 王; the second character has the fanqie: 蒲 + 沒; Gu Yewang says: "狂 means foolish, startled, and acting against reason." Kong's commentary on the Analects says: "狂 means reckless and aggressive." Zheng's commentary on the Book of Rites says: "悖 means rebellious." The Guangya says: "悖 means disorderly." The Shuowen says: "[狂] is classified under dog/big (犬/大) and takes 王 as phonetic. The character 悖 is classified under heart (心) and takes 孛 as phonetic." 孛 is pronounced 輩).
17.33
所漂 (fanqie: 匹 + 遙; Gu Yewang says: "漂 is like flowing." The Shuowen says: "漂 also means floating. It is classified under water (水) and takes 票 as phonetic." In the text of the sūtra it is written as 㵱, which is an error. 票 has the fanqie: 必 + 遙).
17.34
弘雅 (the first character has the fanqie: 胡 + 肱; the commentary on the Mao Odes says: "弘 is like wide." The Erya says: "弘 also means great." The Shuowen says: "It is classified under bow (弓) and takes 厶 as phonetic." 厶 has the fanqie: 古 + 弘).
17.35
霑污 (fanqie: 輙 + 廉; the Kaosheng says: "Slightly wet." The Guangya says: "霑 means soaked." Gu Yewang says: "霑 is like moistened." The Shuowen says: "It is classified under rain (雨) and takes 沾 as phonetic." In the sūtra it is written as 沽, which is a vulgar character).
17.36
霍然 (fanqie: 荒 + 郭; the Kaosheng says: "Sudden and urgent." Gu Yewang says: "The appearance of swiftness and suddenness." The Shuowen writes it as 靃 or as 霩. In the sūtra it is written as 㸌, which is incorrect).
17.37
矛戟 (fanqie: 莫 + 侯; the second character has the fanqie: 京 + 逆; the Shuowen says: "A spear (矛) is two zhang long, mounted at the front of war chariots." Sometimes written as 鉾. The Fangyan says: "Present-day halberds (戟) that have barbed points are called male halberds." The Shuowen says: "The character 矛 is a pictogram; the character 戟 is classified under 幹 abbreviated and under dagger-axe (戈)." 幹 has the fanqie: 古 + 旦).
17.38
痛蛘 (the second character has the fanqie: 羊 + 掌; the Guangya says: "It is skin itching." The Kaosheng says: "A slight pain." In the Book of Rites it is written as 癢, saying: "When itching, one does not dare to scratch." The commentary on the Mao Odes says: "A skin ailment." The Shuowen says: "To scratch an itch. It is classified under insect (虫) and takes 羊 as phonetic.")
17.39
班宣 (the first character has the fanqie: 八 + 蠻; Du's commentary on the Zuo zhuan says: "班 means to spread out; also to order." Jia's commentary on the Guoyu says: "班 means position." The Fangyan says: "To arrange in rows." The Shuowen says: "To divide auspicious jade, classified under knife (刀) and jade (玨)." 班 is the same as 頒).
17.40
煌煌 (fanqie: 晃 + 光; the commentary on the Mao Odes says: "煌煌 means bright." The Cang Jie pian says: "Luminous." The Shuowen says: "煌 means brilliant. It is classified under fire (火) and takes 皇 as phonetic.")
17.41
亘然 (fanqie: 柯 + 鄧; the Fangyan says: "亘 means spanning to the end." The commentary on the Mao Odes says: "亘 means pervasive." The Gujin zhengzi says: "Urgent pulling; stretching across. It is classified under 二 and under 舟." Writing it nowadays as 亘 is a vulgar character).
17.42
尠薄 (fanqie: 仙 + 剪; the Erya says: "尠 means few." The Gujin zhengzi says: "尠 means rare; classified under 甚." The orthodox form is written with 是 and 少 as 尟, or with fish (魚) and sheep (羊) as 鮮, all identical in sound and meaning. The second character has the fanqie: 傍 + 博; the Cang Jie pian says: "薄 means slight." The Shiming says: "Thin material." The Guangya says: "To pierce." The Shuowen says: "It is classified under grass (艸) and takes 溥 as phonetic.")
17.43
報償 (fanqie: 商 + 亮; Du's commentary on the Zuo zhuan says: "償 is like to repay." The Guangya says: "It also means to recompense." The Shuowen says: "To return. It is classified under person (人) and takes 賞 as phonetic.")
17.44
擣香 (the first character has the fanqie: 刀 + 老; the Shenglei says: "To ram." The Kaosheng says: "To pestle." The Shuowen says: "擣 means to pound with a mallet. It is classified under hand (手) and takes 壽 as phonetic.")
17.45
僥倖 (the first character has the fanqie: 皎 + 堯; the second character has the fanqie: 行 + 耿; the Kaosheng says: "僥 means to seek beyond one's due." The Book of Rites says: "To hope for; to wish for." Cai Yong's Duduan says: "Those favored and intimately loved by the sovereign are called [乏-之+(((嘹-口)-小)-日+手)]." Also, in the Book of Rites Confucius says: "The petty person walks along dangerous paths hoping for lucky breaks (憿[乏-之+(((嘹-口)-小)-日+手)])." The Shuowen says: "It is classified under heart (心) and takes 敫 as phonetic." 敫 is pronounced 要. Sometimes written with 彳 as 徼. In the text of the sūtra it is written with person (亻) as 僥, which is a vulgar usage and not the proper character. The Gujin zhengzi says: "The character 倖 is classified under person (亻) and takes [乏-之+(((嘹-口)-小)-日+手)] as phonetic; sometimes written with woman (女) as [女*(乏-之+(((嘹-口)-小)-日+手))], or as [(乖-北+(人*人))/一/十], which are also acceptable.")
17.46
Shanzhuyi tianzi jing (Suvikrāntacintidevaputra-paripṛcchā-sūtra)
17.47
Upper Fascicle
17.48
Compiled by Huilin
17.49
皆樂 (fanqie: 五 + 教; the Kaosheng says: "It means to desire; to wish.")
17.50
Pits and ravines (坑澗; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie kè + [g]ēng. The Erya says: “A kēng is a burial mound/ruin.” Zheng's commentary to the Liji says: “A kēng is a pond or moat.” The Cangjiepian says: “It is a ravine; it also means sunken.” The Shuowen says: “It takes tǔ ‘earth’ as semantic classifier and kàng as phonetic.” Kàng is pronounced gāng. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie jiān + [y]àn. The Erya says: “Mountains enclosing water are called a jiàn.” The Shuowen says: “It takes shuǐ ‘water’ as semantic classifier and jiān as phonetic”).
17.51
A small mound and a hillock (𠂤𨸏; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie dōu + [hu]í. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie fú + [w]ù. The Shenglei says: “𠂤 is a small earthen clod.” The Shuowen also states it is a small mound. The Erya says: “A great highland is called a fù.” The Guangya says: “A hill without stones is called a fù.” The Shuowen says: “Both are pictographic characters.” The scripture writes them as 埠 and 阜, both of which are vulgar characters).
17.52
Clever and wise (黠慧; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie xián + [b]ā. The Fangyan says: “Xiá also means huì (wise).” The Kaosheng says: “It means sharp.” The Shuowen says: “It takes hēi ‘black’ as semantic classifier and jí as phonetic.” The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie yíng + [gu]ì).
17.53
Handcart and carriage (輦輿; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie lì + [zh]ǎn. Zheng's commentary to the Zhouli says: “It is what the queen rides at leisure when dwelling within the palace; it has light wheels and is drawn forward by people.” Du's commentary to the Zuozhuan says: “Being harnessed by humans is called niǎn.” The Shuowen says: “It takes fú and chē as semantic classifiers; fú stands in front of the carriage pulling it.” Fú is pronounced bàn. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie yú + [zh]ū. The Zuozhuan says: “The shi serves the zao, and the zao serves the yu.” Du's commentary says: “Yú means the multitudes.” Su Lin's commentary to the Hanshu says: “Yú is like carrying something and travelling; that is the meaning of yú.” The Shuowen says: “It is a carriage box. It takes chē as semantic classifier and [臼/丌] as phonetic.” [臼/丌] is pronounced yú).
17.54
To weigh and evaluate (稱稱; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie chǐ + [zh]èng. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie chǐ + [zh]ēng. The first character is in the falling tone, and the second character is in the level tone. The Guangya says: “Chēng means to measure.” The Shuowen says: “It means to balance. It takes hé ‘grain’ as semantic classifier and chēng as phonetic.” The scripture writes it as 秤, which is a vulgar character).
17.55
The place where the staff was cast down (擲杖處; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie chéng + [j]í. The Guangya says: “Zhì means to brandish/shake.” The Shuowen writes it as 擿, meaning to throw; “it takes shǒu ‘hand’ as semantic classifier and zhèng as phonetic”).
17.56
To awaken (覺寤; the first character has the pronunciation jiào. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie wǔ + [g]ù. The Boya says: “Jué means to know.” The commentary to the Mao Poetry says: “Wù also means to awaken.” The Cangjiepian says: “To awaken from sleep and speak is called wù.” The Shuowen says: “It takes an abbreviated form of mèng as semantic classifier and wú as phonetic.” The scripture's writing with the cave classifier xué as 寤 is erroneous).
17.57
Middle Fascicle
17.58
Staff (柱杖; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie zhū + [l]ǚ. The Shuowen says: “A pillar. It takes mù ‘wood’ as semantic classifier and zhǔ as phonetic.” The Kaosheng uses a single dot to mark the tone, which is the same as above).
17.59
To leap (跳故; [the first character is pronounced with the] fanqie tì + [y]áo. Zheng's commentary to the Liji says: “Tiào means paces where the feet do not meet each other.” The Cangjiepian says: “To leap and step.” The Shuowen says: “It takes zú ‘foot’ as semantic classifier and zhào as phonetic”).
17.60
Shame and remorse (恥媿; [the second character is pronounced with the] fanqie guǐ + [w]èi. Du's commentary to the Zuozhuan says: “Kuì means to feel ashamed.” The Boya says: “Kuì also means shame.” The Shuowen says: “It takes nǚ ‘woman’ as semantic classifier and guǐ as phonetic.” The scripture's writing with the heart classifier xīn as 愧 is also interchangeable; writing it as 聭 or 謉 is entirely erroneous).
17.61
Pleasure and joy (娛樂; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie yù + [j]ū. Du's commentary to the Zuozhuan says: “Yú also means joy.” The Shuowen says: “It takes nǚ ‘woman’ as semantic classifier and wú as phonetic.” The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie wǔ + [ji]ào).
17.62
Amusement and pleasure (戲樂; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie xī + [j]ì. The Erya says: “Xì means to jest.” Guo's commentary says: “It means to banter.” The Shuowen says: “It takes gē ‘halberd’ as semantic classifier and xì as phonetic.” The scripture's writing with xū as 戱 is erroneous. The second character has the pronunciation luò. 䖒 is pronounced xī).
17.63
Jealousy and envy (嫉妬; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie qín + [x]ī. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie dōu + [g]ù. Wang's commentary to the Chuci says: “To harm the virtuous is called jí; to harm beauty is called dù.” The Shuowen says: “It takes nǚ ‘woman’ as semantic classifier and hù as phonetic.” Hù has the pronunciation hù. Those written with shí ‘stone’ or hòu ‘queen’ are entirely erroneous).
17.64
Unbroken precepts (不缺戒; [the second character is pronounced with the] fanqie quǎn + [yu]è. The Cangjiepian says: “Quē means a deficit.” The Shuowen says: “It takes fǒu ‘pottery’ as semantic classifier and shǐ as phonetic.” The scripture's writing with chuí as 缺 is also interchangeable).
17.65
Emaciated and feeble (羸劣; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie lì + [zhu]ī. Jia's commentary to the Guoyu says: “Léi means sick.” Du's commentary to the Zuozhuan says: “It means weak.” The Shuowen says: “Exhausted. It takes yáng ‘sheep’ as semantic classifier and luǒ as phonetic.” 𣎆 is [pronounced with the] fanqie lì + [gu]ǒ).
17.66
Alternately (遞互; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie tí + [l]ǐ. Zheng's commentary to the Erya says: “Dì means alternate.” The Kaosheng says: “It means to replace.” The Shuowen says: “To change and substitute. It takes chuò ‘walk’ as semantic classifier and sī as phonetic.” Chuò is [pronounced with the] fanqie chǒu + [lü]è; sī is [pronounced with the] fanqie tiān + [y]ī. The scripture's writing it as 遞 is a vulgar character and is erroneous).
17.67
Having nothing to hold (無秉作; [the second character is pronounced with the] fanqie bīng + [y]ǒng. The commentary to the Mao Poetry says: “Bǐng means to manipulate; it also means to grasp.” Jia's commentary to the Guoyu says: “Bǐng means to take hold of.” The Guangya says: “It means to hold.” The Shuowen says: “It takes yòu ‘hand’ and hé ‘grain’ as semantic components; it is an associative compound character. The hand holding a single stalk of grain is called bǐng”).
17.68
Sūtra on the Questions of Supratiṣṭhitacitta, Lower Fascicle
17.69
Sweeping away refuse (糞埽; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie fēn + [w]èn. The Jixun says: “Sweeping away filth and purifying the ground is called fèn.” The Shuowen says: “To discard and remove. It takes gǒng pushing away [┴/(卄*├)/┬] to discard rice, which is fèn.” Xu Shuzhong says: “It resembles rice but is not rice; it is an ancient character for shǐ ‘feces’.” The character of twenty is pronounced gǒng. 推 is [pronounced with the] fanqie tǔ + [l]éi. 乖 is [pronounced with the] fanqie bàn + [m]àn. Some write it with tǔ ‘earth’ and biàn as 𡊅, which is an ancient character; it is also written as 𡊯 or 𡓴. The scripture's writing it with yì or with hēi ‘black’ as [八/木/(烈-列+里)] is entirely erroneous. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie sāng + [d]ào. The Guangya says: “To sweep away.” It takes tǔ ‘earth’ as semantic classifier and an abbreviated form of zhǒu as phonetic. Or it is written with shǒu ‘hand’ as 掃, which is also a character in the rising tone. Zhǒu is [pronounced with the] fanqie zhōu + [y]ǒu).
17.70
Dhutā (抖藪; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie dé + [k]ǒu. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie sāng + [h]òu. The Kaosheng says: “Dǒusǒu means to shake one's garments.” The Shuowen says: “To lift upwards and shake it. It takes shǒu ‘hand’ as semantic classifier and dǒu as phonetic.” In Sanskrit it is called dhūta, or dhotā; in the Tang language it is called dǒusǒu. It refers to śramaṇas, the sons of Śākya, practicing the practice of seclusion, having few desires and being content, not being greedy or attached, and disciplining the body in ascetic practice. The scriptural text writes it as 揀, which is erroneous. It is a phono-semantic character with shǒu ‘hand’ as semantic classifier).
17.71
Ignorant and dull (𱞿鈍; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie méng + [k]ǒng. The Kaosheng says: “𱞿 is like unintelligent. It takes xīn ‘heart’ as semantic classifier and méng as phonetic.” The character méng takes bāo and shǐ as components. The scripture writes it as 蒙 or 𭞾, both of which are vulgar characters. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie tú + [d]ùn. Ru Chun's commentary to the Shiji says: “Dùn is like obstinate and blunt, having no sharp corners.” The Cangjiepian says: “Dùn means obstinate.” The Shenglei says: “Dùn means not sharp.” The Shuowen says: “It takes jīn ‘metal’ as semantic classifier and tún as phonetic.” Tún is [pronounced with the] fanqie tú + [h]ún).
17.72
Sword-clod (刀塊; [the second character is pronounced with the] fanqie kuí + [w]ài. The Kaosheng says: “An earthen clod.” It is also written as 𠙽, which is an ancient character with the same pronunciation. The Shuowen says: “Kuài means a clod of earth.” 堛 is pronounced [with the] pī + [b]ī [fanqie]).
17.73
Sūtra on Prince Śubhavyūha
17.74
Pronunciations by Xuanying
17.75
Śubhavyūha [Shuahu] (刷護; [the first character is pronounced with the] fanqie shuān + [b]ā. The Kaosheng says: “Shuā means to scrape.” The Erya says: “Shuā means to clear.” The Shuowen says: “It takes dāo ‘knife’ as semantic classifier and an abbreviated form of shuà as phonetic.” Shuà has the same pronunciation as above. Shuān is [pronounced with the] fanqie shuā + [gu]ān).
17.76
The realm of Rājagṛha [Luoyue] (羅閱國; [the second character is pronounced with the] fanqie yuán + [xu]ě).
17.77
Chin and cheeks (頦頰; the second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie jiān + [di]é. Gu Yewang says: “The sides of the face below the eyes and in front of the ears.” The Shuowen says: “It takes jiā as semantic classifier and xié as phonetic”).
17.78
Ants flying (蟻飛; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie yí + [y]ǐ. The Erya says: “The large ones are called pífóu; the small ones are called yǐ. Their kinds are not just one, and they have many names.” The Shuowen says: “It takes chóng ‘insect’ as semantic classifier and yì as phonetic.” It is also written as 螘).
17.79
Wriggling and moving (蝡動; [the first character is pronounced with the] fanqie rùn + [y]ǔn. The Shanhaijing says: “On Mount Pei there is red earth; that which is on trees is called ruǎn.” The Zhuangzi says: “Ruǎnruǎn means insects moving.” The Shuowen also agrees with the Zhuangzi; “it takes chóng ‘insect’ as semantic classifier and ruǎn as phonetic”).
17.80
Camel (𩧐駞; [the first character is pronounced with the] fanqie tāng + [lu]ò. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie dá + [h]é. It is the name of a barbarian domestic animal; today it is called luòtuó. The Shanhaijing says: “Mount Hao has many camels.” Gu Yewang says: “With their fleshy saddles, they can bear heavy burdens and are good at walking to reach far distances.” Guo's commentary says: “They travel three hundred li in a day and are able to know where water springs are located.” The Gujin zhengzi says: “It is the name of an animal abundant in barbarian regions. Both take mǎ ‘horse’ as semantic classifier, and tuó and tā are both phonetics.” Tuó takes an abbreviated form of gǔn. Gǔn is [pronounced with the] fanqie hún + [k]ùn. Tuó has the pronunciation tuō).
17.81
Sūtra on Prince Hexiu
17.82
Compiled by Huilin
17.83
Parasol and canopy (繖葢; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie sū + [l]ǎn. Gu Yewang says: “A sǎn is a canopy.” The Hanshu says: “At that time it rained heavily, and His Majesty rode holding a parasol canopy.” The Shuowen says: “It takes mì ‘silk’ as semantic classifier and sǎn as phonetic.” The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie gāi + [h]ài. The Shuowen says: “Bitter. It takes cǎo ‘grass’ as semantic classifier and hé as phonetic.” Hé is pronounced hé; it takes dà and xuè as components. The scripture's writing it with yáng ‘sheep’ as 盖 is a vulgar character).
17.84
Worms wriggling (蜎飛; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie xuè + [yu]án. The Mao Poetry says: “Wriggling are the caterpillars.” The caterpillars are grubs. The Shuowen says: “It takes chóng ‘insect’ as semantic classifier and yuān as phonetic.” Yuān is [pronounced with the] fanqie yī + [ju]àn).
17.85
To chant and recite (諷誦; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie fū + [f]èng. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie xú + [y]òng. These have already been explained in full in the earlier sounds and meanings for the Ratnakūṭa-sūtra).
17.86
Mules and donkeys (騾驢; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie lì + [g]ē. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie lì + [zh]ū. The Shuowen says: “A mule is what is born of a donkey sire and a horse dam.” It also says: “It resembles a horse with long ears.” Both characters take mǎ ‘horse’ as semantic classifier, and lěi and lú are both phonetics).
17.87
Sūtra on the Manifestation of Consciousness in the Mahāyāna
17.88
Fascicle One
17.89
Compiled by Huilin
17.90
To awaken (醒悟; [the first character is pronounced with the] fanqie xīng + [t]ǐng. The Kaosheng says: “To recover from drunkenness.” Gu Yewang says: “Drunkenness being removed.” The Guoyu says: “Sobering up and feeling joyful.” The Gujin zhengzi states it takes yǒu ‘wine’ as semantic classifier and xīng as phonetic. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie wǔ + [g]ù).
17.91
Resounding and luxuriant (轟鬱; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie hū + [m]éng. The Shiji says: “Rumbling and roaring like the multitude of three armies.” The Cangjiepian says: “A resounding sound.” The Shuowen also says: “The sound of a multitude of carriages. It takes three chē ‘carriages’.” It is also written as 𨋮, with [糸*盡] and hóng as phonetic. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie yùn + [p]èi. The Erya says: “Yù is like joy.” Guo's commentary to the Fangyan says: “The appearance of being robust and grand.” The Shuowen says: “Trees growing in thickets. It takes lín ‘forest’ as semantic classifier and an abbreviated form of yù as phonetic”).
17.92
Felts and mattresses (氈褥; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie zhī + [r]án. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie rú + [zh]ú).
17.93
Silks and damasks (繒綺; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie qíng + [y]íng. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie qū + [y]ǐ. The above four characters have already been explained in the preceding text).
17.94
Leaning on a bolster (倚枕; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie yī + [y]ǐ. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie zhāng + [r]ěn. Using brocaded silk to make a bag stuffed with soft things, for noble persons to lean against on their left and right).
17.95
Curtains and screens (帷幕; the first character has the pronunciation wéi. The second character has the pronunciation mò. Both characters take jīn ‘cloth’ as semantic classifier).
17.96
Bright and brilliant (煥爛; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie huān + [gu]ān. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie lè + [qi]ě. Huànlàn is like the magnificence of radiant brilliance).
17.97
Necklace ornaments (瓔飾; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie yī + [y]íng. The Shuowen writes it as 賏, meaning a prominent ornament of a woman; “it takes two bèi ‘cowries’.” The scripture writes it with yī ‘clothing’ as 䙬, which is not found in character dictionaries and is erroneous. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie shēng + [zh]ī. Zheng's commentary to the Liji says: “Ornament is the outward expression of inner sentiment.” The Shuowen says: “To brush. It takes jīn ‘cloth’ as semantic classifier and sì as phonetic. Another says it means an oak decoration.” Some scriptural texts write it with shì ‘market’ as 飾, which is erroneous. Shuā is [pronounced with the] fanqie shuāng + [gu]ā. Xiàng has the pronunciation xiàng).
17.98
Splendid and elegant (袨麗; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie xuán + [ju]àn. Xu Shuzhong's commentary to the Huainanzi says: “Xuàn means black garments.” The Kaosheng says: “Xuàn means fine.” The Gujin zhengzi says: “The ritual officer's pure black garment is gòuxuàn; gòu means pure. It takes yī ‘clothing’ as semantic classifier and xuán as phonetic”).
17.99
Graceful and gentle (閑婉; [the second character is pronounced with the] fanqie wēi + [d]á. The commentary to the Mao Poetry says: “Wǎn means compliant; wǎn is like beautiful.” The Shuowen says: “Obedient. It takes nǚ ‘woman’ as semantic classifier and wǎn as phonetic”).
17.100
Inlaid with ornamental studs (間鈿; pronounced tián; it is also acceptable in the falling tone. The Guiyuan zhucong says: “Golden flowers and precious studs.” The Wenzi jilüe says: “Gold studs are women's hair ornaments.” The Kaosheng says: “To decorate with precious jewels.” It is a phono-semantic character).
17.101
Fluttering and soaring (颻颺; the first character has the pronunciation yáo. The Kaosheng says: “𩖬yáo is upward-blowing wind.” The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie yáng + [sh]àng. The Jixun says: “Flown by the wind.” Both are phono-semantic characters. 𩖬 is pronounced fú).
17.102
Bronze cymbals (銅鈸; [the second character is pronounced with the] fanqie pán + [m]ò. The character bó does not exist in ancient character dictionaries; it arose in recent generations. The Zitong says: “The name of a musical instrument; shaped like a small vase, their openings are struck against one another.” The Kaosheng says: “Shaped like a small saucer with a knob on the back; the two rims are struck against each other to make a sound, harmonizing the ensemble of music.” It is a phono-semantic character. Fá has the same pronunciation as above).
17.103
Clamour and clamorous uproar (讙嚻; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie xiāng + [yu]án. It has already been explained in full in the sounds and meanings for the Mahāprajñāpāramitā[-sūtra]; it is also written as 誼. The scriptural text writes it with kǒu ‘mouth’ as 喧, which is a vulgar character. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie xiāng + [y]āo. The commentary to the Mao Poetry says: “Xiāoxiāo is a sound; an appearance of many people.” The Guangya says: “Xiāoxiāo describes appearance.” The Shuowen says: “A vessel with protruding heads. It takes xié as semantic classifier and jí as phonetic.” Jí is [pronounced with the] fanqie zhuāng + [l]ì. In ancient script it was written with xuān as 𲂭).
17.104
Fresh flowers (鮮葩; [the second character is pronounced with the] fanqie pà + [b]ā. The Shuowen says: “Pā means flower.” It is also written as 皅. The Hanshu writes it as 芭, which is an abbreviated form. It is a phono-semantic character).
17.105
Clear and bright (昭晢; [the second character is pronounced with the] fanqie zhàn + [r]è. The Kaosheng says: “The light of the sun being bright.” It is also written as 晰. The Shuowen gives it the pronunciation zhì, stating: “Zhāozhì means bright. It takes rì ‘sun’ as semantic classifier and zhé as phonetic”).
17.106
Lofty and towering (峻峙; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie xún + [j]ùn. The Kaosheng says: “A mountain being high is called jùn.” It is properly written as 俊, or with the person classifier rén. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie chí + [l]ǐ. The Kaosheng says: “A mountain standing alone.” The Yupian says: “Zhì means to hesitate/halt; halting means stopping and not advancing.” Chú has the pronunciation chú).
17.107
Watchtowers and palisades (樓櫓; the first character has the pronunciation lóu. The second character has the pronunciation lǔ. Note: a lóu is a fighting tower atop a city wall. Du's commentary to the Zuozhuan says: “A lǔ is a large shield; what is called today a battle palisade is this.” It is a phono-semantic character).
17.108
Precious carriage (寶輅; [the second character is pronounced with the] fanqie lú + [g]ù. The Shiji says: “Lou Jing drew the cart.” Character dictionaries say: “Pushed by humans.” The Shuowen says: “The curved wood in front of the carriage screen.” Lù also means a precious carriage. 推 is [pronounced with the] fanqie tǔ + [l]éi).
17.109
To analyze and dissect (剖析; the first character is [pronounced with the] fanqie pǔ + [h]òu. Kong's commentary to the Shangshu says: “Pǒu means to break open.” Du's commentary to the Zuozhuan says: “To divide down the middle.” The Shuowen says: “It takes dāo ‘knife’ as semantic classifier and pǒu as phonetic.” Pǒu is [pronounced with the] fanqie tōu + [k]ǒu. The second character is [pronounced with the] fanqie xīng + [y]ì. Kong's commentary to the Shangshu says: “Xī means to divide.” The Shuowen says: “To split wood; it is an associative compound character.” Some write it as 折, which is a vulgar character).
17.110
Slippers and shoes (屣履: the first character is pronounced 師 + 滓 [shǐ]; the second has the sound 里 [lǐ]; already fully explained in the preceding text).
17.111
Looking and blinking (視瞬: [瞬] has the sound 舜 [shùn]).
17.112
Apertures and holes (竅穴: [竅 is pronounced] 輕 + 吊 [qiào]. Zheng's commentary on the Liji says: '竅 means a hole.' Zheng's commentary on the Zhouli says: 'There are seven yang apertures and two yin apertures.' The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 穴 [cave] with 敫 as phonetic.' 敫 is pronounced 激 [jī]).
17.113
Shoulder blades (肩髆: [髆 is pronounced] 補 + 莫 [bó]. Zheng's commentary on the Yili says: '髆 and 骼 (sound 格 [gé]) are thigh bones; they also refer to the upper-arm bones.' The Shuowen says: 'The space between the shoulder blades; it derives from 骨 [bone] with an abbreviated 專 as phonetic').
17.114
Bantering and jesting (談謔: the second character is pronounced 虗 + 虐 [xuè]. The Erya says: '“謔浪笑𢕟” means jesting and bantering.' Guo Pu's commentary says: 'It refers to teasing each other playfully.' The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 言 [speech] with 虐 as phonetic').
17.115
Dabbling and sucking (唼吮: [唼 is pronounced] 所 + 甲 [shà]; the second is 似 + 兖 [shǔn]. Gu Yewang says: 'The pecking and feeding of wild ducks and mallards with their bills is called [唼].' The Shiji records that Wu Qi sucked (吮) the boil of a soldier. The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 口 [mouth] with 允 as phonetic.' The Gujin zhengzi states: 'The two characters 唼 and 吮 both derive from 口 [mouth] with 妾 and 允 respectively as phonetics').
17.116
Spins a cocoon (作繭: [繭 is pronounced] 堅 + 顯 [jiǎn]. The Kaosheng says: 'The cocoon of a silkworm.' The Liji says: 'The royal consorts tended the silkworms and offered cocoons to show to the ruler.' The Shuowen says: 'The garment of a silkworm; it derives from 糸 [silk], 虫 [worm], and 芇.' 芇 has the sound 眠 [mián]).
17.117
Wrapping and binding (纏裹: [裹 is pronounced] 戈 + 犬 [guǒ]. Gu Yewang says: '裹 is like bundling.' The Shuowen says: '裹 means to wrap; it derives from 衣 [garment] with 果 as phonetic').
17.118
Or sweet (或甜: [甜 is pronounced] 𤗊 + 兼 [tián]. The Jiayu says: 'They cut it open and ate it; it was sweet as honey.' The Guangya says: '甜 means sweet.' The Shuowen says: 'Tasty; it derives from 舌 [tongue] with 甘 as phonetic').
17.119
Fascicle Two of the Sūtra on the Manifestation of Consciousness (Xianshi jing)
17.120
Fat and fluids (𦚻液: the first character is pronounced 蘇 + 蘭 [sān]. The Guangcang says: 'Fat.' The Zilin also says: 'Fat.' The Gujin zhengzi states: 'It derives from 肉 [flesh] with an abbreviated 刪 as phonetic').
17.121
Solid and hard (堅鞕: [鞕 is pronounced] 額 + 更 [yìng]. The Kaosheng says: 'Firm.' The Guiyuan zhucong says: '鞕 means hard.' The Gujin zhengzi states: 'It derives from 革 [leather] with 更 as phonetic').
17.122
And greasy (及膩: [膩 is pronounced] 尼 + 智 [nì]. Wang's commentary on the Chuci says: '膩 means slippery.' The Shuowen says: 'Fat; it derives from 肉 [flesh] with 貳 as phonetic').
17.123
Plants it (植之: [植 is pronounced] 承 + 織 [zhí]. Kong's commentary on the Shangshu says: '植 means to set up.' The Fangyan says: 'To plant; to erect.' Furthermore, the Shuowen says: 'It derives from 木 [wood] with 直 as phonetic').
17.124
Mosquitoes and gnats (蚊蜹: the first character is pronounced 勿 + 分 [wén]; the second is 儒 + 銳 [ruì]. Gu Yewang says: 'Small insects that like to get into wine.' The Shuowen says: 'In Qin, they are called 蜹.' It also says: 'Flying insects that bite people. Both derive from 䖝 [insect], with 文 and 芮 respectively as phonetics.' 芮 has the same sound as above).
17.125
Curling and shrinking (捲縮: the first character is pronounced 渠 + 圓 [quán]. The Mao Commentary on the Shijing says: '捲 means exerting force.' The Han shi waizhuan says: '縮 means contracting.' The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 手 [hand] with 卷 as phonetic.' The second is pronounced 所 + 六 [suō]. The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 糸 [silk] with 宿 as phonetic').
17.126
Precious earrings (寶璫: [璫 is pronounced] 黨 + 郎 [dāng]. The Shiming says: 'To pierce the ears and affix pearls is called 璫.' The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 玉 [jade] with 當 as phonetic').
17.127
Dazzling and radiant (炫煥: the first character is pronounced 玄 + 絹 [xuàn]. The Guangya says: '炫 means bright.' The Picang says: 'The appearance of light.' The Shuowen says: '炫 also means shining; it derives from 火 [fire] with 玄 as phonetic').
17.128
Melting copper (鎔銅: [鎔 is pronounced] 逾 + 鍾 [róng]. The Hanshu says: 'Like metal in the mold (鎔), it is cast according to how it is worked.' The Yinyi says: 'A coin mold.' The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 金 [metal] with 容 as phonetic').
17.129
Within a handful (掬中: [掬 is pronounced] 弓 + 六 [jū]. The Mao Commentary on the Shijing says: 'A full hand is called 掬.' Zheng's commentary on the Liji says: '匊 means within the hand.' The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 米 [rice] with 勹 as phonetic.' 勹 has the sound 包 [bāo]. Character dictionaries properly write it as this 匊; in the sūtra text it is written with 手 [hand] as 掬, which is a popular variant in general use).
17.130
Bursting and tearing (爆裂: the first character is pronounced 包 + 皃 [bào]. The Guangya says: '爆 is like scorching heat.' The Kaosheng says: 'The sound produced by burning firewood or bamboo.' The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 火 [fire] with 暴 as phonetic.' The second character is pronounced 連 + 哲 [liè]. The Guangya says: '裂 means parting.' Gu Yewang says: '裂 is like tearing and breaking.' The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 衣 [garment] with 列 as phonetic; sometimes written as 列.' In the sūtra text it is written with 力 [force] as 裂 [i.e., 厥 with 力, 劂/劐 variant]; this is [厂@((厥-厂)/力)], which means strong, and is not the intended meaning in the sūtra).
17.131
Severing and cutting off (斬截: [截 is pronounced] 前 + 飾 [jié]. The commentary on the Shijing says: '截𭣼 means orderly and neat.' The Shuowen says: '截 means to sever; it derives from 戈 [halberd] with 雀 as phonetic.' In the sūtra text it is written with 土 [earth] as 截, which is a popular variant).
17.132
Biting the lips (齧脣: [齧 is pronounced] 研 + 結 [niè]. The Liji also says: 'Do not bite (齧) bones.' The Shuowen says: '齧 means biting; it derives from 齒 [teeth] with 劫 as phonetic.' 劫 is pronounced 慳 + 戞 [jié]).
17.133
Lasso (羂索: [羂 is pronounced] 涓 + 兖 [juǎn]. The Shenglei says: '羂 means to capture by binding.' The Gujin zhengzi states: 'A snare or net, derived from 冈 [net] with 肙 as phonetic; or written with 糸 [silk] as 羂.' 肙 is pronounced 恚 + 緣 [yuān] and derives from 口 [mouth]).
17.134
Storing it (貯而: [貯 is pronounced] 猪 + 旅 [zhù]. Du's commentary on the Zuozhuan says: '貯 means hoarding and storing it away.' Gu Yewang says: '貯 is that which is used to contain.' The Shuowen says: '貯 means accumulating; it derives from 貝 [cowrie/wealth] with 宁 as phonetic.' 宁 has the sound 佇 [zhù]).
17.135
Reed hut (葦廬: [葦 is pronounced] 為 + 鬼 [wěi]. The Mao Commentary on the Shijing says: 'Jia (葭) is reed (葦).' The Shuowen says: 'A large reed; it derives from 艸 [grass] with 韋 as phonetic.' The second character is pronounced 旅 + 猪 [lú]. Du's commentary on the Zuozhuan says: '廬 means a dwelling.' The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 广 [shelter] with 盧 as phonetic').
17.136
Sūtra on the Questions of the Bodhisattva Prajñottara on Great Skill in Means (Huishang pusa wen da shanquan jing)
17.137
Fascicle One
17.138
Compiled by Xuanying
17.139
Rescuing them (振于: the ancient script has 𢈫 and 振 as identical forms, pronounced 諸 + 胤 [zhèn]. The Xiao Erya says: '振 means to rescue.' The Shuowen says: '振 means to lift up; it also means to generate; it derives from 手 [hand]').
17.140
Providing for and reaching (贍及: the Shenglei sometimes writes it as 𩟋, with the same pronunciation 時 + 焰 [shàn]. The Shenglei says: '贍 means to assist.' Character dictionaries state: '贍 means sufficient, that is, comprehensive and sufficient').
17.141
Ending and concluding (過闋: the Sancang has the ancient script written as 闋, with the same sound 苦 + 穴 [què]. The Shuowen says: 'When an affair is finished, it is called 闋. 闋 also means to cease; it means to conclude').
17.142
Rain clears (雨霽: [霽 is pronounced] 子 + 詣 [jì]. The Tongsu wen says: 'When rain stops, it is called 霽.' Nowadays the people of Nanyang call the cessation of rain 霽).
17.143
Exhausted and spent (殫盡: [殫 is pronounced] 多 + 安 [dān]. The Shangshu says: 'Then exhausted (殫) the accomplished ancestor.' The commentary says: '殫 means exhausted.' The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 歺 [bone/death]' (sound 五 + 割 [è])).
17.144
Bonds and fetters (縲紲: [縲 is pronounced] 力 + 追 [léi]; the second is 息 + 列 [xiè]. 縲 means to bind; 紲 means to tie up; they are used to detain criminals).
17.145
Shade and shelter (蔭庇: also written as 癊, with the same pronunciation 於 + 禁 [yìn]; the second is 必 + 利 [bì]. 蔭 means grass covering; 庇 means sheltering oneself. The Shuowen says: 'Sheltering oneself').
17.146
Breaking and crushing (摧拉: sometimes written as 摺, with the same pronunciation 力 + 答 [là]. The Guangya says: '摺 means to snap.' The Shuowen says: '拉 means to ruin').
17.147
Able to be together (堪偕: [偕 is pronounced] 古 + 骸 [xié]. The Shijing says: 'To grow old together (偕) with you.' The commentary says: '偕 means together.' 偕 also means a robust appearance).
17.148
Down to the present (迄今: [迄 is pronounced] 虛 + 𠧒 [qì]. The Erya says: '迄 means to reach').
17.149
Four censers / lamps (四錠: pronounced 定 [dìng]; also pronounced 殿 [diàn]. The Shenglei says: 'Those with feet are called 錠; those without feet are called 鐙 [lamps]').
17.150
Fascicle Two
17.151
Half a grain (半粒: pronounced 立 [lì]. The Tongsu wen says: 'Cereals are called 粒; beans are called 皂.' 皂 is pronounced 逼 + 急 [bī/jí]. In the sūtra text it is written as 廩 [granary], which is erroneous).
17.152
Sūtra on the Essential Wisdom of the Mahāyāna Vaipulya (Dacheng fangdeng yaohui jing)
17.153
Compiled by Huilin
17.154
Catching up to the teaching (逮教: [逮 is pronounced] 唐 + 耐 [dài]. The Kaosheng says: 'To advance and reach what is ahead.' The Mao Commentary on the Shijing says: '逮 means taking advantage of abundance to ask and learn.' The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 辵 [motion] (sound 丑 + 略 [chù]) with 隶 as phonetic' (隶 has the sound 大 + 內 [dài])).
17.155
Surpassing (踰於: [踰 is pronounced] 羊 + 朱 [yú]. The Mao Commentary on the Shijing says: '踰 means to cross over.' The Guangya says: '踰 means to cross.' The Shuowen says: 'It also means to cross over; it derives from 足 [foot] with 俞 as phonetic').
17.156
Skillful weighing / adaptation (善㩲: [㩲 is pronounced] 逵 + 圓 [quán]. Jia's commentary on the Guoyu says: '㩲 means to uphold; it also means to balance evenly.' The Gujin zhengzi states: '㩲 means a steelyard balance; it derives from 手 [hand] with 雚 as phonetic.' 雚 has the sound 桓 [huán]).
17.157
Sūtra on the Original Vow Asked by the Bodhisattva Maitreya (Mile pusa suowen benyuan jing)
17.158
Compiled by Huilin
17.159
An ox chewing the cud (牛齝: the second character is pronounced 始 + 支 [chī]. The Erya says: '齝 means an ox chewing.' The Shuowen says: 'Regurgitating and chewing again; it derives from 齒 [teeth] with 台 as phonetic').
17.160
Like an eared pheasant (如鶡: [鶡 is pronounced] 寒 + 葛 [hé]. A fierce bird. The Shanhai jing says: 'On Mount Huizhu there are many eared pheasants.' Guo's commentary says: 'Resembling a pheasant but larger, bluish-green in color, with feathery horns on its head; it fights until it dies; produced in Shangdang Commandery.' The Hanshu yinyi says: '鶡 is a bird; its tail is used to adorn warriors' caps to represent courage.' The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 鳥 [bird] with 曷 as phonetic').
17.161
Marrow and brain (髓腦: the first character is pronounced 雖 + 觜 [suǐ]. The Kaosheng says: 'The fat inside the bones.' The Gujin zhengzi states: 'Sometimes written with 骨 [bone] with an abbreviated 隨 as phonetic').
17.162
Beating and striking (撾撲: the first character is pronounced 竹 + 爪 [zhuā]; the second is 普 + 卜 [pū]. The Guangya says: '撲 means to strike.' Gu Yewang says: '撲 means to hit.' The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 手 [hand] with 業 as phonetic.' 業 has the sound 卜 [bǔ]).
17.163
Sūtra on the Mani Jewel Bequeathed by the Buddha like the Sun (Fo yiri moni bao jing)
17.164
Compiled by Xuanying
17.165
Seeking by chance (徼冀: also written as 僥; written in the Shuowen as 憿, with the same pronunciation 古 + 堯 [jiǎo]. 僥 means seeking the unusual; 冀 means hoping).
17.166
Clear sky (天晴: also written with the forms 暒 or 殅, with the same pronunciation 疾 + 盈 [qíng]. The cessation of rain. In the sūtra text it is written as 𩄆, which is not the standard form).
17.167
Wood-boring insect (蠧虫: [蠧 is pronounced] 丁 + 故 [dù]. The Shuowen says: 'Insects inside wood; such as silverfish and the like that eat and damage people's belongings').
17.168
Clamorous fame (譁名: [譁 is pronounced] 呼 + 瓜 [huá]. Uproarious and clamorous; 譁 refers to words being loud and noisy, 譊 pronounced 拏 + 交 [náo]).
17.169
Flattering and deceitful (諛𧦧: [諛 is pronounced] 以 + 珠 [yú]. Not distinguishing right from wrong is called 諛. The second character is pronounced 大 + 可 [tuò]. The Zuanwen says: 'The people of Yanzhou consider deceiving one another to be 訑.' It is also pronounced 湯 + 和 [tuō]. 訑 means evading).
17.170
Piyi 僻易 (p- + [j]i[k], [piyì]; pi 僻 means to avoid, and it also means heterodox or perverse).
17.171
Moheyan baoyan jing (Mahāyāna-ratnacūḍa-sūtra)
17.172
Compiled by Huilin
17.173
Tiaona 調譺 (ng- + [k]ɛ[t], [ngài]; the Cangjie pian says: “Na 譺 means to deceive.” The Guangya says: “Na 譺 means to tease [tiao 調].” Gu Yewang says: “To jest and banter with each other.” The Shuowen jiezi says: “It is derived from the speech radical (言) and has yi 疑 as phonetic.” Chao 啁 is tr- + k[æ]w [zhāo]).
17.174
Jiaoren 絞人 (k- + [x]æw[X], [jiǎo]; the Kaosheng says: “It means to bind.” The Shiji says: “He strangled [jiao 絞] the man to death with the cord of his cap.” The Shuowen jiezi says: “Jiao 絞 means to hang or strangle; it is derived from the silk radical (糸) and has jiao 交 as phonetic”).
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- 一切經音義 — 慧琳, Classical Chinese