Tithyarka 6.1
Tithyarka 6.1
- Language
- Sanskrit
6.1.1
mādhavastu—“amāvāsyayā hi māsān sampaśyanti, paurṇamāsyā hi
māsān sampaśyanti” iti śrutyā darśāntatvapūrṇimāntatvayoḥ sāmyādanuṣṭhānādiṣu viśeṣavacanācchiṣṭācārācca vyavasthetyudājahāra
darśāntānāṃ pūrṇimāntānāṃ vā māsaviśeṣāṇāṃ kārttikādisaṃjñā
nakṣatrayogād | yatra māse pūrṇimā kṛttikānakṣatreṇa yujyate, sā
kārttikī “nakṣatreṇa yuktaḥ kālaḥ” ityaṇ | aṇantatvāṅī
sā'smin māse sa kārttiko māsaḥ, “sā'smin paurṇamāsīti
saṃjñāyām” ityaṇ, “lubaviśeṣe” iti tasya lup kārttikaḥ
evaṃ mārgaśīrṣādayo'pi bodhyāḥ | atra yadyapi kṛttikādinakṣatraṃ
kārttikādiṣu prayojakamuktam, tathāpi kṛttikādi dvandvaṃ trikañca
prayojakaṃ bodhyam,
"antyopāntyau tribhau jñeyo phālgunaśca tribho mataḥ
śeṣā māsā dvibhā jñeyāḥ kṛttikādivyavasthayā
dve dve citrāditārāṇāṃ paripūrṇendusaṅgame
māsāścaitrādayo jñeyāstrikaiḥ ṣaṣṭhāntyasaptamāḥ ||"
iti cyavanasaṅkarṣaṇavacanāt
atha māsadevatā aparārke—
"keśavo mārgaśīrṣe tu pauṣe nārāyaṇaḥ smṛtaḥ
mādhavo māghamāse tu govindaḥ phālgune tathā
caitre māsi bhavedviṣṇurvaiśākhe mādhavastathā
trivikramo jyeṣṭhamāse āṣāḍhe vāmanastathā
śrīdharo śrāvaṇe jñeyo hṛṣīkeśastataḥ param
padmanābha āśvayuje tato dāmodaro mataḥ
sarveṣveteṣu māseṣu narakārirmalimlucaḥ |" iti
atha malamāsaḥ | hemādrau brahmasiddhānte—
"cāndro māso hyasaṃkrānto malamāsaḥ prakīrtitaḥ ||" iti
sa dvedhā—adhimāsakṣayamāsabhedāt | taduktaṃ madanaratne
kāṭhakagṛhye—
"yasmin māse na saṃkrāntiḥ saṃkrāntidvayameva vā
malamāsaḥ sa vijñeyo māsaḥ syāttu trayodaśaḥ ||" iti
tatrādhimāsasvarūpaṃ bhṛguṇā darśitam—
6.1.2
"ekarāśisyite sūrye yadā darśadvayaṃ bhavet
havyakavyakriyā hantā tadā jñeyo'dhimāsakaḥ ||” iti
sthūlamānena tasya kālo brahmasiddhānte—
“dvātriṃśadbhirgatairmāsairdinaiḥ ṣoḍaśabhistathā
ghaṭikānāṃ catuṣkeṇa patatyeko'dhimāsakaḥ ||” iti
kṣayamāsasvarūpaṃ siddhāntaśiromaṇau—
asaṃkrāntimāso'dhimāsaḥ sphuṭaḥ syād
dvisaṃkrāntamāsaḥ kṣayākhyaḥ kadācit
kṣayaḥ kārttikāditraye nānyataḥ syāt
tadā varṣamadhye'dhimāsadvayaṃ ca
ekaḥ kṣayāt prāk, aparastūrdhvamityevamadhimāsadvayaṃ bhavatīti
bhāvaḥ | asminnevārthe jābāliḥ—
“ekasminneva varṣe tu dvau māsāvadhimāsakau
prākṛtastatra pūrvaḥ syāduttarastu malimlucaḥ ||” iti
prākṛtaḥ śuddhaḥ karmārha ityarthaḥ | tayornāmanī jyotirgranthe—
“yasmin māse na saṃkrāntiḥ saṃkrāntidvayameva vā
saṃsarpāṃhaspatī māsāvadhimāsaśca ninditāḥ ||” iti
kṣayamāsāt prācīnayo'saṃkrāntaḥ saṃsarpaḥ, uttaro'haspatirityarthaḥ
karmasu samyak sarpatīti saṃsarpaḥ | ata eva karmārhaḥ
dvitīyastu aṃhasāṃ pāpānāṃ patiḥ, ato niṣiddha iti bhāvaḥ
kṣayasyāgamanakālastatraiva—
“gate'bdhyadrinandairmite śākakāle
tithīśairbhaviṣyatyathāṅgākṣamūryaiḥ
gajādyagnibhūmistathā prāyaśo'yaṃ
kuvedenduvarṣaiḥ kvacidrokubhiśca ||” iti
“nityanaimittike kuryācchāddhaṃ kuryānmalimluce
tithinakṣatravāroktaṃ kāmyaṃ naiva kadācana ||” iti
“roge cālabhyayoge ca sīmante puṃsave'pi ca
yad dānādi samuddiṣṭaṃ pūrvatrāpi na duṣyati ||”
“asūryā nāma ye māsā na teṣu manusaṃmataḥ
vratānāṃ caiva yajñānāmārambhaśca samāpanam ||” iti
tenaivoktatvāt | ‘asūryāḥ’ saṃkrāntirahitāḥ | ‘nāma’ prasiddhau
6.1.3
keṣāṃcinnityānāmapi niṣedhaḥ kāṭhakagṛhye—
“puṣṭīṣṭyāgrayaṇādhānacāturmāsyādikānyapi
mahāḷayāṣṭakāśrāddhopākarmādyapi karma yat
spaṣṭamāsaviśeṣākhyā vihitaṃ varjayenmale |” iti
‘puṣṭiḥ’ kāṭhakādau prasiddheti śrīguravaḥ | āgrayaṇe vikalpamāha paiṭhīnasiḥ—
“saṃkrāntirahite māsi kuryādāgrayaṇaṃ na vā” iti
vṛddhamanuḥ—
“agnyādheyaṃ pratiṣṭhāṃ ca yajñadānavratāni ca
vedavratavṛṣotsargacūḍākaraṇamekhalāḥ
māṅgalyamabhiṣekaṃ ca malamāse vivarjayet |” iti
atrāgnyādheyamapūrvam, pratiṣṭhā'pyapūrvā, agnyanugamananimittamādhānaṃ
cāṇḍālādisaṃsparśaprayuktā punaḥ pratiṣṭhā cā'sāvakāśanaimittikatvānmalamāse'pi kāryā,
“kuryāt vratādikaṃ karma prayatnena malimluce
naimittikaṃ ca kurvīta sāvakāśe na yadbhavet ||”
iti bhaviṣyāt | vṛṣotsarganiṣedhastu kāmyavṛṣotsargaparaḥ | pretoddeśyakastu male'pi bhavati—
“ekādaśe'hni pretasya yasya notsṛjyate vṛṣaḥ
pretatvaṃ susthi ṃ tasya dattaiḥ śrāddhaśatairapi ||”
ityasmanmātṛprapitāmahaśrībhaṭṭanārāyaṇapadapāthojalikhitavacanāt | hemādrau jyotiḥśāstre—
“tatra dattamadattañca hutaṃ na hutameva ca
sujaptamapyajaptaṃ syānnopavāsaḥ kṛto bhavet
na yātrāṃ na vivāhañca na ca vāstuniveśanam
pratiṣṭhāṃ na ca devānāṃ prāsādagrāmabhūruhām ” || iti
skānde—
“malamāse'pyanāvṛttaṃ tīrthasnānamapi tyajet |”
‘anāvṛttam’ nūtanam, yaduktam—“nūtanatīrthasnānādi malamāse na
karttavyam” iti | tasya kvacit pratiprasavo vāyupurāṇe—
“gayāyāṃ sarvakāleṣu piṇḍaṃ dadyādvicakṣaṇaḥ
adhimāse janmadine aste ca guruśukrayoḥ
na tyaktavyaṃ gayāśrāddhaṃ siṃhasthe ca bṛhaspatau |” iti
6.1.4
smṛtyantare—
“vāpīkūpataḍāgādipratiṣṭhā yajñakarma ca
na kuryānmalamāse tu mahādānavratāni ca ||” iti
madanaratne smṛtisaṃgrahe—
“jātakarma prasūtiśca sīmantonnayanavrate
malimluce'pi karttavyaṃ nimittaṃ yadi jāyate ||” iti
gṛhyapariśiṣṭe—
“avaṣaṭkārahomāśca parva cāgrayaṇaṃ tathā
malamāse'pi karttavyaṃ kāmyā iṣṭīśca varjayet ||” iti
‘avaṣaṭkārahomāḥ’ agnihotropāsanavaiśvadevādyaḥ | ‘parva’
darśapūrṇamāsasthālīpākāḥ | smṛtyantare—
“candrasūryagrahe caiva maraṇe putrajanmani
malamāse'pi deyaṃ syāddattamakṣayyakārakam ||” iti
yamaḥ—
“sapiṇḍīkaraṇe nitye nādhimāsaṃ vivarjayet
tīrthasnānaṃ japo homo yavavrīhitilādibhiḥ
jātakarmmāntyakarmmāṇi navaśrāddhaṃ tathaiva ca
maghātrayodaśīśrāddhaṃ śrāddhānyapi ca ṣoḍaśa
candrasūryagrahe snānaṃ śrāddhadānajapādikam
kāryāṇi malamāse'pi nityanaimittikaṃ tathā ||” iti
vārṣikamahālayaniṣedhavacanāni śrāddhacandrikāprakāśe udāhariṣyante
vṛhaspatiḥ—
“astaṃ gate gurau śukre vṛddhe bāle malimluce
vratārambhāpavargau ca na kuryānmauñjibandhanam ||” iti
astalakṣaṇaṃ siddhānte—
“raviṇāsattiranyeṣāṃ grahāṇāmastamucyate
tato'rvāgvārdhakaṃ mauḍhyādūrdhvaṃ bālyaṃ prakīrttitam ||” iti
bālyavārdhakapramāṇaṃ jyotiḥśāstre—
“prāk paścāduditaḥ śukraḥ pañcasaptadinaṃ śiśuḥ
viparītaṃ tu vṛddhatvaṃ tadvadeva gurorapi ||”
viśeṣastatraiva jñeyaḥ | malamāse śrāddhaṃ kāryaṃ na veti vicāre| vistareṇa vakṣyate śrāddhacandrikāprakāśe | atra dānamuktaṃ hemādrau
pādme—
“adhimāse tu samprāpte guḍasarpiryutāni ca
trayastriṃśadapūpāni dātavyāni dine dine
6.1.5
adhimāse tu samprāpte trayastriṃśattu devatāḥ
uddiśyā'pūpadānena pṛthvīdānaphalaṃ labhet
trayastriṃśadapūpāṃśca kāṃsyapātre nidhāya ca
saghṛtaṃ sahiraṇmañca brāhmaṇāya nivedayet ||” iti
tithyādi saṃkīrtya mama samastapāpakṣayadvārā śrīnarakāridevaprītyarthamidaṃ trayastriṃśadapūpātmakaṃ kāṃsyapātrasthaṃ vāyanaṃ saghṛtaṃ sahiraṇyamamukaśarmaṇe brāhmaṇāya tubhyamahaṃ sampradade | kṛtasyādhimāsavāyanadānasya sāṅgatārthamimāṃ dakṣiṇāṃ tubhyamahaṃ sampradade | iti
yathāśakti dakṣiṇāṃ dattvā prārthayedetairmantraiḥ—
“viṣṇurūpī sahasrāṃśuḥ sarvapāpapraṇāśanaḥ
apūpānnapradānena mama pāpaṃ vyapohatu
nārāyaṇa ! jagadbīja ! bhāskarapratirūpaka !
dānenānena putrāṃśca sampadaścābhivarddhaya
yasya haste gadācakre garuḍo yasya vāhanam
śaṅkhaḥ karatale yasya sa me viṣṇuḥ prasīdatu ||”
iti malamāsanirṇaya ityuparamyate
atha saṃvatsaraḥ, sa ca samyag vasantyasminnayanarttumāsapakṣādaya iti vyutpattyā māsādyavayavayukto'vayavī kaścitpratyakṣaḥ
sa dvādaśamāsairjāyate, “dvādaśa māsāḥ saṃvatsare” iti śruteḥ | atra
māsānāṃ traividhyena saṃvatsaro'pi trividhaḥ | taduktaṃ brahmasiddhānte—
“cāndrasāvanasaurāṇāṃ māsānāṃ tu prabhedataḥ
cāndrasāvanasaurāśca trayaḥ saṃvatsarā amī ||” iti
tatra cāndrasaṃvatsaraścaitraśuklapratipadādiḥ phālgunadarśāntaścatuḥpañcāśadadhikaśatatrayadinātmakaḥ 354 | saurastu meṣādimīnāntaḥ pañcaṣaṣṭyadhikaśatatrayadinātmakaḥ 365 | sāvanastu
ṣaṣṭyuttaraśatatrayadinātmakaḥ 360 | te ca trayaḥ saṃvatsarā
vacanaviśeṣeṇa keṣucit karttavyakarmasu vyavatiṣṭhante, keṣucid
6.1.6
vikalpante iti saṅkṣepaḥ | atha kṣauraniṣiddhakālaṃ pradarśayāmaḥ
ṣaṭtriṃśanmate“kumbhe ca karkaṭe caiva kanyāyāṃ kārmuke ravau
romakhaṇḍaṃ gṛhasthasya pitṝn trāsayate yamaḥ
kanyāṃ sarvāṃ karkaṭake tredhā bhāgadvayaṃ tyajet
dhanuḥ kumbhe'rdhabhāgaṃ ca pūrvameva parityajet ||” iti
vṛddhagārgyaḥ—
“mīne dhanuṣi siṃhe ca sthite saptaturaṅgame
kṣauramatra na karttavyaṃ vivāho gṛhakarma ca ||” iti
“sitāṣṭamīṣu sarvāsu bhūtāhendukṣaye tathā
tailābhyaṅgaṃ kṣaurakarma strīsaṅgaṃ vai vivarjayet ||” iti
“niṣiddhatithivārādau bhojanānantaraṃ ca yaḥ
kṣauraṃ karoti tadgehe nāśnanti pitaraḥ surāḥ
bhujikriyottaraṃ kālaṃ kṣauraṃ karma karoti yaḥ
kṛmibhakṣyo bhavet so'pi yāvaccandradivākarau ||” iti
“ravyārasaurivāreṣu rātrau pāte vrate'hani
śrāddhāhapratipadriktā bhadrāḥ kṣaureṣu varjayet ||”
“aṣṭamī ca tathā ṣaṣṭhī navamī ca caturdaśī
kṣurakarmaṇi varjyā ca parvasandhisrthaiva ca ||” iti
“nirāsanasya suptasya tiṣṭhataśca tathaiva ca
sāyaṃ bhuktavataścaiva snātasya kṣudhitasya ca
yātrāyuddhodyatasyāpi śmaśrukarmma vivarjayet |” iti
anyatra vistaraḥ | asya sarvasyāpavādastīrthaprāptyādau“kṣaura naimittikaṃ kāryaṃ niṣedhe satyapi dhruvam
pitrādimṛtidīkṣāsu prāyaścitte ca tīrthake ||”
iti smṛteḥ | atha kalivarjyāni procyante
hemādrau“vidhavāyāṃ prajotpattau devarasya niyojanam |”
tathā“bālikākṣatayonyāstu vareṇānyena saṃskṛtiḥ
kanyānāmasavarṇanāṃ vivāhaśca dvijātibhiḥ
tisro varṇānupūrvyeṇa dve tathaikā yathākramam ||”
ādityapurāṇe“yastu kārtayugo dharmo na karttavyaḥ kalau yuge
6.1.7
pāpaprayuktāśca sadā kalau nāryo narāḥ sadā ||”
tathā“dattaurasetareṣāṃ ca putratvena parigrahaḥ
savarṇānyāṅganāduṣṭaiḥ saṃsargaḥ śodhiteradhi ||”
mādhavīye“asthisaṃcayanādūrdhvamaṅgasaṃsparśanaṃ tathā |” iti
brahmapurāṇe“dīrghakālaṃ brahmacaryaṃ dhāraṇaṃ ca kamaṇḍaloḥ
gotrād mātṛsapiṇḍācca vivāho govadhastathā
narāśvamedhau madyañca kalau varjyaṃ dvijātibhiḥ |"
"devarācca sutotpattirdattā kanyā na dīyate
na yajñe govadhaḥ kāryaḥ kalau na ca kamaṇḍaluḥ ||"
"ūḍhāyāḥ punarudvāhaṃ jyeṣṭhaśaṃśaṃ govadhaṃ tathā
kalau pañca na kurvīta bhrātṛjāyāṃ kamaṇḍalum ||"
"na kalau kriyate hyaśvamedho vāpyatha gosavaḥ
naramedho'kṣatānārī devarātputrasantatiḥ ||"
"akṣatā gopaśuścaiva śrāddhe māṃsaṃ tathā madhu
devarācca sutotpattiḥ kalau pañca vivarjayet ||" iti
"yāvadvarṇavibhāgo'sti yāvvedaḥ pravarttate
saṃnyāsaṃ cāgnihotraṃ ca tāvatkuryāt kalau yuge ||" iti
"arddhādhānaṃ smṛtaṃ śrautasmārtāgnyostu pṛthakkṛtiḥ
sarvādhānaṃ tayoraikyakṛtiḥ pūrvayugāśritā ||" iti
vistarastu hemādrimādhavādau draṣṭavya iti dik | atha parvavarjyāni | hemādrau manuḥ—
“caturdaśyaṣṭamīdarśapaurṇamāsyarkasaṃkramaḥ
eṣu strītailamāṃsāni dantakāṣṭhāni varjayet ||”
smṛtisamuccaye—
“sāyaṃ saṃdhyāṃ parānnaṃ ca parabhojanamaithune
tailaṃ māṃsaṃ śilāpiṣṭamamāvāsyāṃ vivarjayet
sūryarkṣaṃ gate some parānnaṃ yo hi bhakṣayet
tasya māsagataṃ puṇyaṃ yasyānaṃ tasya tadbhavet
amāvāsyāsu sarvāsu navaṃ vastraṃ na dhārayet |” iti
prasaṅgādanyeṣāṃ padārthānāṃ niṣedhakālaḥ pradarśyate | vyāsaḥ—
“ṣaṣṭhyaṣṭamī amāvāsyā pakṣadvayacaturdaśī
6.1.8
atra saṃnihitaṃ pāpaṃ taile māṃse kṣure bhage ||”
ravivārīdiṣu tailasnānaphalānyāha sa eva—
“ādityādiṣu vāreṣu tāpaḥ kīrtirmṛtirdhanam
dāridryaṃ durbhagattvaṃ ca kāmāptiḥ snātataḥ kramāt ||”
‘snānataḥ’ abhyaṅgasnānataḥ
tathā—
“trayodaśyāṃ tṛtīyāyāṃ pratipaddaśamīdine
tailābhyaṅgaṃ na kurvīta spṛśedvrā navamīdine ||”
atra viśeṣamāha hemādrau pracetāḥ"sārṣapaṃ gandhatailaṃ ca yattailaṃ puṣpavāsitam
anyadravyayutaṃ tailaṃ na duṣyati kadācana ||” iti
tasmāttailābhyaṅganiṣedhastilatailābhyaṅganiṣedhaparyavasāyī | hemādrau
skānde"śiraḥ kapālamantrāṇi nakhacarmatilāṃstathā
etāni kramaśo nityamaṣṭamyādiṣu varjayet ||” iti
'śiraḥ' nārikelam, 'kapālam' alāvu, 'antrāṇi' paṭolam,
'nakham' niṣpāvaḥ, 'carma' masarikā
"śiro nārikelam, kapālamalāvū, antrāṇi paṭolam, nakhaṃ
niṣpāvaḥ, carma masūrikāḥ, tilā vṛntākam |” iti hemādriḥ
madanaratne skānde"snānaṃ caiva mahādānaṃ svādhyāyapitṛtarpaṇṇe
prathame'bde na kurvīta mahāgurunipātane ||” iti
'snānam' kāmyam
atha janmatithikṛtyam | brahmapurāṇe"sarvaiśca janmadivase snātairmaṅgalapāṇibhiḥ
gurudevāśca viprāśca pūjanīyāḥ prayatnataḥ ||” iti
'sarvaiḥ' brāhmaṇakṣatriyavaiśyaśūdraiḥ | śrīpatimālāyām"navavastradharo bhūtvā pūjayecca cirāyuṣam
dviśrujaṃ jaṭilaṃ saumyaṃ suvṛddhaṃ cirajīvinam
mārkaṇḍeyaṃ naro bhaktyā pūjayetprayatastathā |" iti
"tato dīrghāyuṣaṃ vyāsaṃ rāmaṃ drauṇiṃ kṛpaṃ balim
prahlādaṃ ca hanūmantaṃ vibhīṣaṇamathā'rcayet ||”
pūjitadevatānāṃ nāmamantrairhomaḥ kāryyaḥ | homasaṃkhyā devīpurāṇe—
"homo grahādipūjāyāṃ śatamaṣṭottaraṃ bhavet
6.1.9
aṣṭāviṃśatiraṣṭau vā yathāśakti vidhīyate ||”
homadravyamājyam, "ājyaṃ dravyamanādeśe” ityuktatvāt | mārkaṇḍeyaprārthanā kṛtyacintāmaṇau |—
"mārkaṇḍeya ! mahābhāga ! saptakalpāntajīvana !
āyuriṣṭārthasiddhyarthamasmākaṃ varado bhava ||” iti
tato guḍatilayutaṃ payaḥ pivet | pāne mantraḥ—
"satilaṃ guḍasaṃmiśramañjalyarddhamitaṃ payaḥ
mārkaṇḍeyavaraṃ labdhvā pibāmyāyuṣyahetave ||”
'payaḥ' kṣīram | janmatithau varjyāni uktāni skānde—
"khaṇḍanaṃ nakhakeśānāṃ maithunādhyājameva ca
āmiṣaṃ kalahaṃ hiṃsāṃ varṣavṛddhau vivarjayet ||” iti
idaṃ malamāse na kāryyam, pūrvokta—“spaṣṭamāsaviśeṣākhya” itivacanāt | janmatitheḥ khaṇḍatve sati nirṇayaḥ devīpurāṇe—
"ghasradvaye janmatithiryadā syāt
pūjyā tadā janmabhasaṃyutā ca
asaṃskṛtābhe na dinadvaye'pi
pūjyā parā yā bhavatīha tantram ||" iti
ubhayadine'pi nakṣatrayoge'pi parā, pūrvokta—“yugādyā varṣavṛddhiśca” iti—bhaviṣyavacanāt | iti śrīmadbhāradvājamahādevabhaṭṭātmajadivākaraviracite tithyarke janmatithikṛtyam
atha śrāddhāmāvāsyā niścīyate | sā'parāhṇavyāpinī grāhyā,
“piṇḍānvāhāryakaṃ śrāddhaṃ kṣīṇe rājani śasyate
vāsarasya tṛtīye'ṃśe nātisandhyāsamīpataḥ ||”
“darśaśrāddhaṃ tu yatproktaṃ pārvaṇaṃ tatprakīrtitam
aparāhṇe pitṝṇāṃ ca tatra dānaṃ praśasyate ||”
pekṣaṇāt | pūrvedyurevāparāhvavyāpinī cet, saiva grāhyetyāha mādhavīye hārītaḥ—
“yasyāṃ sandhyāgataḥ somo mṛṇālamiva dṛśyate
aparāhne tu yā tasyāṃ piṇḍānāṃ karaṇaṃ dhruvam ||” iti
yattu kārṣṇājinivacaḥ
“bhūtaviddhāmamāvāsyāṃ mohādajñānato'pi vā
6.1.10
śrāddhe karmaṇi ye kuryu steṣāmāyuḥ prahīyate ||” iti,
tadaparāhvavyāptiviṣayamiti mādhavaḥ
'aparāhne' caturdaśīvedhaparam ” iti hemādriruvāca
dvitīye'hni cettādṛśī, dvitīyeva ityāha sa eva—
“aparāhnaḥ pitṝṇāntu yā'parāhvānuyāyinī
sā grāhyā pitṛkārye tu na pūrvā'hnānuyāyinī ||” iti
dinadvaye'parāhvavyāptidvaidhā—ekadeśena kārtsnyena ceti
ekadeśavyāptirapi dvedhā bhidyate—vaiṣamyeṇa sāmyena ceti | tatra
vaiṣamyeṇaikadeśavyāptau mahattvaṃ nirṇāyakam | tathā ca mādhavīye
smṛtyantare—
“aparāhnadvayavyāpinyamāvāsyā yadā bhavet
tatrālapatvamahattvābhyāṃ nirṇayaḥ pitṛkarmaṇi ||” iti
śivarāghavasaṃvāde'pi—
“alpā'parāhve tyājyā sā grāhyā syādadhikā bhavet |” iti
asaṃskṛtābhe na dinadvaye'pi
pūjyā parā yā bhavatīha tantram ||" iti
ubhayadine'pi nakṣatrayoge'pi parā, pūrvokta—“yugādyā varṣavṛddhiśca” iti—bhaviṣyavacanāt | iti śrīmadbhāradvājamahādevabhaṭṭātmajadivākaraviracite tithyarke janmatithikṛtyam
atha śrāddhāmāvāsyā niścīyate | sā'parāhṇavyāpinī grāhyā,
“piṇḍānvāhāryakaṃ śrāddhaṃ kṣīṇe rājani śasyate
vāsarasya tṛtīye'śe nātisandhyāsamīpataḥ ||”
iti kātyāyanokteḥ
piṇḍānāṃ piṇḍapitṛyajñāṅgabhūtānāmanu paścādāhriyate kriyate
iti piṇḍānvāhāryakamamāsrāddham | rājani candre kṣīṇe mārtaṇḍamaṇḍalaṃ praviṣṭe sati vāsarasya divasasya tṛtīye'śe'parāhṇarūpe
śasyate—kāryamityarthaḥ
“darśaśrāddhaṃ tu yatproktaṃ pārvaṇaṃ tatprakīrtitam
aparāhṇe pitṝṇāṃ ca tatra dānaṃ praśasyate ||”
iti śātātapokteśca | atra yadyapi ca tredhāvibhāgābhiprāyeṇa
6.1.11
parāhnakālo vyākhyātaḥ, tathāpi trimuhūrtātmakasāyāhne śrāddhaniṣedhāt pañcadhāvibhaktadivasābhiprāyeṇa aparāhṇo boddhavya iti
tattvam | vivecayiṣyate caitat spaṣṭaṃ śrāddhacandrikāprakāśe | tredhāvibhāgapakṣastu āhitāgniviṣayaḥ, tasya karmadvayānurodhadīrghāparāhnāsāmyenaikadeśavyāptau kharvādiśāstraṃ nirṇāyakam | kharvādiśāstraṃ tu—
“kharvo darpastathā hiṃsā trividhaṃ tithilakṣaṇam
kharvakṣaiau parau pūjyau hiṃsā syāt pūrvakālikī ||” iti
kharvaḥ sāmyam, darpo vṛddhiḥ, hiṃsā kṣayaḥ | mādhavīye śivarāghavasaṃvāde'pi—
“amāvāsyā tu yā hi syādaparāhnadvaye'pi sā
kṣaye pūrvā'parā vṛddhau sāmye'pi ca parā smṛtā ||” iti
smṛtyantare'pi—
“tithikṣaye sinīvālī tithivṛddhau kuhūrmātā
sāmye'pi ca kuhūrjñeyā vedavedāṅgavedibhiḥ ||” iti
kātsnryyenobhayatrāparāhnavyāptāvapi tithivṛddhitvāt kuhūreva
grāhyā | dinadvaye'parāhnavyāptau jāvāliḥ—
“aparāhnadvayavyāpī yadi darśastithikṣaye
āhitāgneḥ sinīvālī niragnyādeḥ kuhūrmātā ||” iti
ādiśabdena strīśūdrau gṛhyete | tathā ca laugākṣirāha—
“dvijaiḥ kāryā sinīvālī sāgnikaiḥ pitṛkarmaṇi
strībhiḥ śūdraiḥ kuhūjñeyā tathā cānagnikairdvijaiḥ ||” iti
sinīvālīkuhvorlakṣaṇamāha vyāsaḥ—
“dṛṣṭacandrā sinīvālī naṣṭacandrā kuhūrmātā |” iti
etadarthaparāṇyanyāni vacanāni granthavistarabhiyeha nopāttānītyalaṃ pallavitena | atha piṇḍapitṛyajñakālaḥ | āśvalāyanaḥ—
"amāvāsyāyāmaparāhṇe piṇḍapitṛyajñaḥ|" iti
6.1.12
atra nārāyaṇavṛttiḥ—amāvāsyāśabdaḥ pratipatpañcadaśyoḥ sandhivacano'pyatrāparāhvaśabdasamanvayāt tadgatyahorātre varttate | tasyāparāhṇe caturthe bhāge piṇḍapitṛyajñaḥ kāryaḥ | aupavasadhye yajanīye
vā'hani yadā tvahorātrasandhau tithisandhiḥ syāt, tadaupavasathya
evā'hani kriyate iti
ata eva prayogapārijātakāraḥ—
"muhūrttamapyamāvāsyā pratipadyapi cedbhavet
taddinamakṣayaṃ jñeyaṃ parvaśeṣaṃ tu parvavat ||”
iti hemādridhṛtaṃ hārītavacanaṃ piṇḍapitṛyajñaparamayojayat
ayaṃ ca piṇḍapitṛyajñaḥ smārttāgnimatā mṛtapitṛkeṇa yāgapūrvadine
kriyamāṇe darśaśrāddhavyatiṣaṅgeṇa kāryaḥ, "āhitāgniḥ piṇḍapitṛyajñaṃ
kṛtvā karoti | anāhitāgnistu taditareṇa vyatiṣajyate |” iti
pariśiṣṭāt
vyatiṣaṅgo nāma śrāddhapitṛyajñayorvicchidya|vicchidya anuṣṭhānaviśeṣaḥ | yāgadine kriyamāṇastu kevalaḥ kāryaḥ, pūrvadine darśaśrāddhaṃ
yāgadine kevalaḥ pitṛyajña iti bhāvaḥ | āpastambānāmāśvalāyanavannirṇayaḥ tathaivāpastambasmṛteḥ | kātyāyanabaudhāyanairyāgātpūrve'hani kāryaḥ, tathaiva tatsūtre pratipāditatvāt | ityanyatra vistaraḥ
atha kṣayāhaśrāddhakālo nirṇīyate | tatra kṣayāhaśrāddhamekoddiṣṭavidhinā kriyate cet, madhyāhnavyāpinyāṃ kṣayāhatithau kāryyam
yadi pārvaṇavidhinā, tadā'parāhnavyāpinyāṃ kāryyam,
"āmaśrāddhaṃ tu pūrvāhṇe'parāhṇe pārvvaṇaṃ bhavet
ekoddiṣṭaṃ tu madhyāhne mātarvvṛddhinimittakam ||"
iti śātātapavacanāt
dinadvaye'parāhnavyāpitve mādhavīye baudhāyano nirṇayamāha"aparāhnadvayavyāpinyatītasya yadā tithiḥ
kṣaye pūrvāṃ tu karttavyā vṛddhau kāryyā tathottarā ||" iti
6.1.13
atra mādhavādayastu-uttaratithigatāveva vṛddhikṣayau grāhyau,
na grāhyatithigatāvityāhuḥ | śrīmātāmahaguravastu paramavṛddhyanantaramākasmikakṣayasya jyotiḥśāstramaryādayā sambhavāt pūrvatithyapekṣayā grāhyatithigatāveva vṛddhikṣayau grāhyāviti tattvamityāhuḥ
dinadvaye tadvyāptau tu pūrvaitra grāhyā,
"dvyahe'pyavyāpinī cet syānmṛtāhasya tu yā tithiḥ
pūrvavidvaiva karttavyā trimuhūrttā bhaved yadi ||"
iti manuvākyāt
"dvyahe'pyavyāpinī cet syānmṛtāhasya tu yā tithiḥ
pūrvvasyāṃ nirvapet piṇḍamityāṅgirasabhāṣitam ||"
iti samantuvākyācca | "sāmye tu paraiva, devasvāmivacanāt" iti
mādhavaḥ | atrāpyekadeśādivyāptau darśanirṇayavannirṇayo bodhyaḥ
amāvāsyā tu vāhītivacanapradiṣṭau vṛddhikṣayau grāhyatithigatāvevānayā diśā jñeyau | aparāhnadvayavyāpinītyatra kāladvayavyāpitvaṃ
vivakṣitamityāstāṃ tāvat | atha vratavidhiṃ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ
tatrādhikāriṇo madanaratne bhaviṣye—
“anagnayastu ye viprāsteṣāṃ śreyo vidhīyate
vratopavāsaniyamairnānādānaistathā nṛpa ! ||” iti
śūdro'pi
“śūdro varṇaścaturtho'pi varṇatvāddharmamarhati
vedamantrasvadhāsvāhāvaṣaṭkārādibhirvinā ||”
iti vyāsoktervratādhikāramarhati | sadhavāstrīṇāntu bhartṛnujñayaiva vratādhikāraḥ—
“bhāryā patyurmatenaiva vratādīnācaretsadā |”
iti mādhavīye kātyāyanokteḥ | vratārambhakālamāha madanaratne
satyavrataḥ—
“udayasthā tithiryā hi na bhaveddinamadhyabhāk
sā khaṇḍā na vratānāṃ syādāārambhaśca samāpanam ||” iti
tatraiva gārgyo'pi—
“astage ca gurau śukre bāle vṛddhe malimluce
udyāpanaśubhārambhān vratānāṃ naiva kārayet ||” iti
6.1.14
brahmayāmale—
“dinabhadrā yadā rātrau rātribhadrā yadā divā
na tyājyā śubhakāryeṣu prāhurevaṃ purātanāḥ ||” iti
madanaratne bhaviṣye—
“kṣamā satyaṃ dayā dānaṃ śaucamindriyanigrahaḥ
devapūjāgnihavanaṃ santoṣaḥ steyavarjanam
sarvavrateṣvayaṃ dharmaḥ sāmānyo daśadhā smṛtaḥ |” iti
kūrmapurāṇe—
“bahirgrāmāntyajāsūtiṃ patitaṃ ca rajasvalām
na spṛśennābhibhāṣeta nekṣeta vratavāsare ||”
viṣṇurahasye—
“smṛtyālokanagandhādi khādanaṃ parikīrttanam
annasya varjayetsarvaṃ grāsānāṃ cābhikāṅkṣaṇam
gātrābhyaṅgaṃ ca tāmbūlaṃ śirasaścānulepanam
vratastho varjayet sarvaṃ yaccānyad balarāgakṛt ||”
pṛthvīcandrodaye'gnipurāṇe—
“vrīhiṣaṣṭikamudgāśca kalāpāḥ sallilaṃ payaḥ
śyāmākāścaiva nīvārā godhūmādyā vrate hitāḥ
kūṣmāṇḍālābuvārttākapālakījyotsnikāstyajet
carurbhaikṣyaṃ saktukaṇān śākaṃ dadhi ghṛtaṃ madhu
śyāmākāḥ śālinīvārāḥ pāvakaṃ mūlataṇḍulam
haviṣyaṃvratanaktādāvagnikāryādike hitam
madhu māsaṃ vihāyānyad vrate ca hitamīritam |” iti
‘pālakī’ poī, ‘jyotsnikā’ kośātakī
atha strīvrateṣu vratahemādrau viśeṣaḥ“gandhālaṅkāratāmbūlapuṣpamālā'nulepanam
upavāse na duṣyanti dantadhāvanamañjanam ||” iti
idaṃ ca tāmbūlādi tāsāṃ saubhāgyavrateṣveva na duṣyati; ekādaśyādau tu duṣyatyeva, tatra tanniṣedhāt | hemādrau pādme—
“garbhiṇī sūtikādiśca kumārī vā'tha rogiṇī
yadā'śuddhā tadā'nyena kārayet prayatā svayam ||” iti
‘prayatā’ śuddhā svayaṃ kuryādityarthaḥ | madanaratne mātsye'pi—
“antarā tu rajoyoge pūjāmanyena kārayet |” iti
pratinidhīnāha nirṇayāmṛte paiṭhīnasiḥ—
6.1.15
“bhāryā patyurvrataṃ kuryād bhāryāyāśca patirvratam
asāmarthye'parastābhyāṃ vratabhaṅgo na jāyate ||”
skānde'pi—
“putraṃ vā vinayopetaṃ bhaginīṃ bhrātaraṃ tathā
eṣāmabhāva evānyaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ viniyojayet ||” iti
parāśaraḥ—
“upavāso vrataṃ homastīrthasnānajapādikam
vipraiḥ sampāditaṃ yasya sampannaṃ tasya tatphalam ||” iti
madanaratne prabhāsakhaṇḍe—
“bhartā putraḥ purodhāśca bhrātā patnī sakhā'pi ca
yātrāyāṃ dharmakāryeṣu jāyante pratihastakāḥ
ebhiḥ kṛtaṃ mahādevi ! svayameva kṛtaṃ bhavet |" iti
"kāmye pratinidhirnāsti nitye naimittike ca saḥ
kāmyeṣūpakramādūrdhvaṃ kecitpratinidhiṃ viduḥ ||" iti
"pūrva vrataṃ gṛhītvā yo nācaretkāmamohitaḥ
jīvan bhavati cāṇḍālo mṛtaḥ śvā cābhijāyate ||”
"krodhātpramādāllobhādvā vratabhaṅgo bhaved yadi
dinatrayaṃ na bhuñjīta maṇḍanaṃ śiraso bhavet ||” iti
"prāyaścittamidaṃ kṛtvā punareva vratī bhavet |”
"kālaḥ sarvo'pi nirdiṣṭaḥ pātraṃ sarvamudāhṛtam
avānnasya pradāne tu nātra kāryā vicāraṇā
tadaiva dānakālaḥ sa yadobhayamupasthitam |”
"nahi kālaṃ pratīkṣeta jalaṃ dātuṃ tṛṣānvite
annodakaṃ sadā deyamityāha bhagavān manuḥ ||" iti
skānde"arddhaprasūtāṃ gāṃ dadyāt kālādi na vicārayet
kālaḥ sa eva grahaṇe yadā vai dvimukhī tu gauḥ ||” iti
vyāsaḥ"āsannamṛtyunā deyā gauḥ savatsā tu pūrvavat
tadabhāve tu gaureva narakoddhāraṇāya vai
tadā yadi na śaknoti dātuṃ vaitaraṇīṃ tu gām
śakto'nyo'ruk tadā dattvā śreyo dadyānmṛtasya ca ||”
vārāhe"vyatīpāto'tha saṃkrāntistathaiva grahaṇaṃ raveḥ
puṇyakālāstathā sarve yadā mṛtyurupasthitaḥ
6.1.16
tadā bhūmihiraṇyādi dattamakṣayatāmiyāt |” iti
viṣṇupurāṇe"yadā vā jāyate vittaṃ cittaṃ śraddhāsamanvitam
tadaiva dānakālaḥ syād yato'nityaṃ hi jīvitam ||” iti dik
śrībālakṛṣṇātmajasūnunirmitāṃ
varṣe khavedāśvahimāṃśuraṃyute
kṛtiṃ vilokyā'khilakālanirṇayaṃ
niḥśaṅkamāśaṃsatu paṇḍito janaḥ
Linked texts (10)
- Paiṭhīnasidharmasūtra (fragments) — Sanskrit
- Hārītadharmasūtra (fragments) — Sanskrit
- Pracetassmṛti (fragments) — Sanskrit
- Bhṛgusmṛti (fragments) — Sanskrit
- Kārṣṇājinismṛti (fragments) — Sanskrit
- Satyavratasmṛti (fragments) — Sanskrit
- Kālamayūkha — Nīlakaṇṭha Dīkṣita, Sanskrit
- Gadādharapaddhati — Gadādhara Rājaguru 1725, Sanskrit
- Pratāpārka — Viśveśvarabhaṭṭa 1766, Sanskrit
- Varṣakriyākaumudī — Govindānanda Kavikaṅkaṇa 1510, Sanskrit