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Kalaviveka 77.p1

Kālaviveka 77.p1

Language
Sanskrit

77.p1.1

tatra vṛddhamanuḥ
“kanyāṃ gate savitari yānyahāni tu ṣoḍaśa
ṛtubhistāni tulyāni samāptavaradakṣiṇaiḥ ||”
vāyupurāṇam
“kanyāṃ gate savitari tithiṣoḍaśakañca yat
ṛtubhistāni tulyāni tatra dattamathākṣayam ||”
tathā śākhyāyanaḥ
“nabhasyasyāpare pakṣe tithiṣor̤akañca yat
kanyāgatānvitañcet syāt sa kālaḥ śrāddhakarmasu ||”
kanyāgatānvayaḥ ṣoḍaśatithīnāmeva na punarekatithyanvayādeva sarvvasya
puṇyatā, ekasya tithiṣoḍaśakāvayavino'bhāvāt | ataeva
ṣoḍaśabrāhmaṇasamudāyasya madhye ekasya bhagavatpuruṣottamasya sparśena
sarvveṣāṃ puṇyabhāgitā | etannyāyamūlamevaitadvacanam
“kṛttikādibhararāyantaṃ vārāvāravisaptakam
naite saṃyogamātreṇa punanti sakalāṃ tithim ||”
ekasya tithyavayavino'bhāvāt ityarthaḥ | itarathā hi pūrvvadinarātrau caturthī bhaumavārayoge budhavāre'pi bhaumavārayuktacaturthīvihitasnānadānādyāpadyeta, tasmāttithiṣoḍaśakasyaiva kanyāyogo'trābhimataḥ | anantaropanyastavacanadvayavirodhācca
atha matsyapurāṇam
“uttarāhastacitreṣu gate tīkṣṇāṃśumālini
yo'rcayetsvapitṝn bhaktyā tasya vāsastripiṣṭape ||”
uttarāditrayaṃ kanyāṛkṣacakam
ataeva kautsyavacanam
“uttarāhastacitrāsu kanyāyāṃ bhāsvati sthite
kṛṣṇapakṣo gajacchāyāsamānaḥ pitṛkarmasu
rājasūyāśvamedhābhyāṃ ya iccheddurlabhaṃ phalam
aṣyambuśākamūlānnaḥ pitṝn kanyāgate'rcayet ||”
atha matsyapurāṇam
“kanyāṃ gate savitari dināni daśa pañca ca
pārvvaṇeneha vidhinā tatra śrāddhaṃ vidhīyate
divyāntarīkṣabhaumāni sthāvarāṇi carāṇi ca
piṇḍamicchanti pitaraḥ kanyārāśigate ravau ||”
atha divasatisaṃgrahasya

77.p1.2

“revatyādīni ṛkṣāṇi svātyantāni yadā śaśī
arke nabhasyakanyāsthe śrāddhakāla udāhṛtaḥ ||”
nabhasyaḥ cāndramāsaḥ | kanyāstha ityavirodhāt | iti ṣor̤aśabhirvacanaiḥ kanyāgata eva bodhitāṅgatayā pitṛyajñe mukhyaṃ saṃprati
pañcamapakṣasya vacanāni | yadyapi bhojarājaviśvarūpagovindarājairheyatayā na likhitāni, tathāpyupanyasya vyākhyāyante
tatra kārṇājiniḥ
“śakradhvajanipātāṅgo yaḥ syāt pañcasu pañcamaḥ
sa vijñeyo'paraḥ pañcastatra śrāddhaṃ vidhīyate
putrāṇāṃ varddhanaṃ dhānyamārogyaṃ bhūtimeva ca
prāpnoti pañcame dattvā śrāddhaṃ kāmāṃstathāparān
etāneva hi hiṃsanti pañcamaṃ yo vyatikramet
tasmānnātikramedvidvān pañcame paitṛkaṃ vidhim ||”
“ākāṅkṣanti pitaraḥ pañcamaṃ pakṣamāśritāḥ
tasmāttatraiva dātavyaṃ dattamanyatra niṣphalam ||”
tatraiva dātavyaṃ na tu tatra dātavyameveti kathaṃ tatrāvaśyakakarttavyatāgamaḥ ? anyatra niṣphalamiti | tādṛkphalalābhārthaṃ, natvanyatra
niṣphalameva, vṛścikadarśanāvadhi śrāddhavidhānāt | kiñcāsmādvacanāt, kanyāśūnya eva pañcamo'vagamyate | na ca tatra bhavanto'pi
śrāddhaṃ vadanti, tena kanyāgatamavasthāpekṣaraṇīyam | tena ‘tasmānnātikramediti,’ ‘tasmāttatraiva dātavyamiti’ vacanadvayaṃ yadi
nityādhikārārthaṃ, tadāvasthāpekṣaraṇīyam, kanyāviśiṣṭa eva pañcamapakṣāṃṅge'natikramaṇīyamanvitam | “kanyāṃ gate savitarīti”
“pañcamaṃ pakṣamāśritā” iti vacanayorekavākyatayā'syaivāṅgasya
siddheḥ | atha kanyāmantareṇāpi śrāddhāṅgatvameva
tadāha jātukarṇaḥ
“āṣāḍhīmavadhiṃ kṛtvā yaḥ syāt pakṣastu pañcamaḥ
tatra śrāddhaṃ prakurvīta kanyāṃ gacchatu vā na vā ||”

77.p1.3

naitat “hastarkṣasthe dinakara” iti jātukarṇenaiva pūrvvamuktatvāt,
“gacchatu vā na veti” stutireveyam | śaṅkhadhareṇāpi stutitvenaiva
vyākhyātam | asmin pakṣe kanyāvimukte'pi yāvacchrāddhaṃ syāt,
kiṃ punastasminneva pakṣe saṃkrāntau satyāmityantena granthena ❊
yuktañcaitat, “tatra śrāddhaṃ prakurvvīteti” tacchabdena prakṛtasya pakṣasya
parāmarśāt, tatra pakṣe, “kanyāṃ gacchatu vā na veti” pratīyate
na tu tatpakṣīyatithau kanyā bhavatu na veti pratītiḥ, pūrvvaṃ
titheranupāttatvāt | na ca kanyāsamvandhaśūnyasya pañcamapakṣasya
śrāddhāṅgateti vācyambhavatāmapyanabhidhānatvāt, vayamapi darśayiṣyāmaḥ | tasmāt stutirevaiṣā | kiñca yadyayaṃ “gacchatu na veti”
vidhiḥ, tadā kim anena vidhīyate ? kiṃ kanyānvitaḥ pañcamaḥ
pakṣaḥ, ananvito vā ? ubhayaviśiṣṭo vā ? pañcamapakṣamātraṃ vā ?
yadi prathamaḥ kalpaḥ, tadā kanyānvitasyāṅgatayā vidhānāt kathaṃ
siṃhānvitāṃśe pitṛyajñakriyā na vetyānarthakyācca | ananvitaścet
kanyānvitasyaivāgrahaṇāpatteḥ, kanyāgataṃ pañcamañcetyādivirodhācca,
kanyāṅgattvānarthakyācca| karkaṭasiṃhayoreva cādhimāsapāte
kanyānvitasya pañcamasya siṃhe sambhavāt| tadā ca kanyāyāmeva
cāndrabhādralābhe śakrotthānāparapakṣayornirvivādatvāt, “ante vā
yadi vā madhya” iti virodhācca| na ca “pakṣyā tu divasairmāsa”
iti kanyāgata eva tadānīṃ pañcama iti vācyam, aupacārikatvānmāsaśabdasya
uktaṃ manunā
“pitre rātryahanī māsaḥ pravibhāgastu pakṣayoḥ
karmmaceṣṭāmahaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ śuklaḥ svapnāya śarvvarī||”
mānuṣo māsaḥ pitṝṇāṃ rātryahanī, tatrāpi kṛṣṇapakṣo'haḥ, śuklaḥ

77.p1.4

śarvvarī| anena pratipadāyamāvāsyāntaḥ kṛṣṇapakṣaḥ, pratipadādipaurṇamāsyantaśca śukla ityuktam| tathā ‘pakṣānte srotasī snrutau,’
‘pakṣaste daśa pañca ce’tyabhidhānañcairuktam| ataeva ‘ekasaṃjñau yadā
māsau,’ ‘adhimāsaḥ sa vijñeyaḥ,’ ‘malamāsaṃ vijānīyāt,’ anyathā
māsāviti na syāt| dviṣār̤hatvañcaikatvānmāsasyādhipakṣaḥ sa
vijñeyo malapakṣaṃ vijānīyādityādi| tathā trayodaśamāsāḥ
saṃvatsara iti śrutirnopapadyeta| ekarāśisthasūryāvacchinnatvena tu
darśāntamāsayorekanāmatayā ekamāsatvamaupacārikam, pakṣatvamaupacārikamiti na śrūyate| na hi tadvacanaṃ, “triṃśadbhirdivasaiḥ
pakṣa” iti bhaṇati, na cārthālabhyate| manvādyavirodhena caturbhireva
pakṣairasau māsa ityupapatteḥ| satyapi ca pakṣaśabde gauṇatvādasya
pañcamapakṣavacane sakṛduccaritapakṣaśabdena gauṇamukhyagrahaṇānupapatteḥ,
ataeva yoglokena 'eka evāsau māsa' iti kāśakuśāvalambanaṃ,
tasmācchāvaṇabhādrādhimāsapāte kanyā sambandhīyapakṣaḥ saptama eva
atastadvatsare kanyānvitasya pañcamasyābhāvāt, kanyāmātre vā
vidhinā śrāddhaṃ na syāt | atha kanyānimittaṃ “haṃse varṣāsu
kanyāsthe sūryye kanyāsthite” ityādiśvavaśyakarttavyatāvagateḥ | tadā
pañcamapakṣe siṃhāṃśe'pi kṛte śrāddhe kanyānimittaṃ kena vāryyate ?
nimittabhedāt saṃkrāntinimittaṃ darśanimittakavat yugapannimittopanipāte tu tantrānuṣṭhānaṃ bhavatu | na ca pañcamapakṣe daivādakaraṇe
kanyāgate vidhānamiti | tathā'śravaṇāt, yathā kanyāyāmakaraṇe
tulāśrutiḥ pūrvvamuktā
yathā vā kanyāyāṃ malamāse
“māsi kanyāgate bhānurasaṃkrānto bhavedyadi

77.p1.5

daivaṃ pitryaṃ tathā karmma tulāsthe kartturakṣayam ||”
pitāmahasya
“yātudhānapriyo māsaḥ kanyārke jāyate yadi
daivaṃ pitryaṃ tathā karmma uttare māsi kārayet ||”
śaṅkhadharasamuccayasya na tathā śrutirasti | abhāvavidhitvaṃ cābhāvaśrutivyāptam | tadatra vyāpakabhūtā abhāvaśrutirnivarttamānā
vyāpyamabhāvavidhitvamapi nivarttayati
yacca ṣaṭtriṃśanmatam
“sinīvālīmatikramya yadā kanyāgatambhavet
tadā kālasya vṛddhatvādatītaiva pitṛkriyā
tadapi yadi kanyāgatambhavenniṣidhyate, śuklapratipadi tulāsaṃkrāntau
tadbhavatīti | kanyādhimāsa eva tulāvidhānārtham pūrvvavacanadvayamūlaśrutyaivāsyāpyupapatteḥ, mūlāntarakalpanānupapatteḥ | bhādrādhimāsapakṣe caitaddarśane pañcamavādimate'tītyetyapyanupapatteḥ siṃhasyāvidhānāt | pañcamasya tanmate kanyāyāmiva bhāvāt | anyathā
śrāvaṇādhimāsapāte siṃhe śrāddhaprasakteḥ | na ca bhavatyeva tatreti
vācyaṃ, tanmate tṛtīyatvāttasya | asmanmate tu kevalasya pañcamasthānaṅgatvān | kiñca kanyāgatapañcamayoryugapat sambhavāt | pratipadgatāsambhavāt sampradhāraṇānupapatteḥ, kathamabhāvavidhiḥ ? na hi
śuklamānayeti, tadabhāve paṭamiti parasparaparīhārasthitayorevānyatarābhāve'nyataravidhidarśanāt | somābhāve pūtike vidhiriva
pūrvvapakṣe na ca vaijātyāt | siṃhagata eva pañcamo vihitaḥ, tadabhāve ca kanyeti vācyam, kanyāgatasambandhena pukhyatamaśrutyanupapatteḥ | na hi yo yadabhāve sa eva tataḥ śreyāniti yuktam
nāpyubhayaṃ vākyabhedāpatteḥ, vikalpapātācca | na cobhayaviśiṣṭasya
yugapadabhāvāt | athaikadeśadvāreṇānayoḥ saṃbhavāddidhānamiti tanna,

77.p1.6

ekadeśadvayasyaiva tadā vidhānāpatteḥ | tatra coktadoṣaḥ | pañcapadasya caikadeśadvayalakṣaṇāpatteḥ | atha pañcamapakṣamātravidhānaṃ
tanna, “kanyāṅgacchatu vā na ve”tyānarthakyāt | anādarārthamiti
cenna, anādarārthamiti ko'rthaḥ ? yadi kanyā nādattavyeti vidhistadā pañcamavidhiranādaravidhiśceti vācyaṃ bhidyeta, kanyānvitasyaiva pratiniyamenārthagrahaṇāpatteḥ, kanyāpañcamamelakasya ca puṇyatamaśrutivirodhāt | kanyānādaraviśiṣṭapañcamavidhānena vākyabhedāditaraṃ dūṣaṇaṃ, tadavasthamevāsiddhavadanādarapratipādanañca na sambhavati, kāryyaikaniyatatvāt | śabdapramāṇabhāvasya na cānuvādaḥ,
pūrvvasiddhasya vacanādarasyābhāvāt | tasmāt phalārthināṃ śrāddhābhyāsārthaṃ pañcamavacanaṃ “gacchatu vā na veti” | na ca vidheyaviśeṣaṇaṃ, kintu stutyartham | tatra ca kanyānimittādhikāre sati
tattatphalārthināñca tattattithiṣu śrāddhābhyāse vihite ekasya pakṣasya
siṃhakanyābhyāmaparasya ca kanyātulābhyāṃ samāpanīyatvāt, kutra
kriyatāmityapekṣāyāṃ kanyāpañcamayogapraśastatamatvena kalyādhikārasya tatra pravṛttau phalārthamapyabhyāsaḥ | tasminnapi siṃhāṃśe kāryya
eveti vidhiḥ | dvikhaṇḍatithau yugmatithividhivat, ataeva
"gacchatu vā na vetyuktam"
tadevoktaṃ jābālinā
"agate'pi ravau kanyāṃ śrāddhaṃ kurvīta yatnataḥ
āṣāḍhyāḥ pañcamaḥ pakṣaḥ praśastaḥ pitṛkarmasu ||”
kanyāgate tāvat kāmyo nityādhikāraśca kāryyaḥ | tadadhikārapravṛttau ca pramāṇasiddhāyāntasmin pakṣe kanyāgate'pi phalārthaṃ
śrāddhamabhyasyeta | dhavalena, “cānte vā yadi vā madhya” iti

77.p1.7

vacanasya caturthaṃ padaṃ, śrāddhaṣoḍaśakaṃ pratīti paṭhitam | tenaikasmin
śrāddhe kanyaivādaraṇīyeti yoglaukenāpyuktam | yaḥ śarīradhanāderasthiratāṃ kanyāpratyavekṣayā śaṅkate, pañcamaṃ pakṣamādadyāt saḥ | yastu
naivaṃ, sa kanyāgatameva prādhānyādavatiṣṭhatītyantena granthena kanyāgatasambhavāt | pañcame vidhiriti viparīto'bhāvavidhiruktaḥ | kiñcedamatra vicāryyatām | akaraṇe doṣaśruteravaśyakarttavyatvāt, jīvanaṃ
tāvadadhikāriviśeṣaṇaṃ, tadapi nāvaśiṣṭaṃ nityamadhikārāpatteḥ
arthāt kasyacit kālasya tadviśeṣaṇamurarīkaraṇīyam | tena kiṃ
nirapekṣamubhayaṃ, kanyā ca pañcamaśca viśeṣaṇam ? tena nityādhikāradvayametat | kiṃvā kevala eva pañcamaḥ, kanyopalakṣitaḥ pañcamo
vā ? na tāvannirapekṣamubhayamadhikāradvayasyāniṣṭatvādeva pañcamapakṣe kṛte'pi śrāddhe kanyāyāṃ punaḥ akaraṇaprasaṅgāt | etānyeva
hi hiṃsantītyasyārtho varṇitaḥ | athaitadvacanaṃ pañcame'vaśyakarttavyatārtham | tena pañcama eva kevalò nimittamiti tanna, midhune
bhagavati supte karkaṭasiṃhayoranyatarādhimāse siṃhe pañcame śrāddhakriyāprasaktiḥ, kanyāyā avaśyāpekṣaṇīyatvāt | kanyāgatasya tu
śakrapātāṅkitasya saptamatvena pañcamasya vyabhicārāt kanyāvacanānarthakyācca, kanyāyāmakaraṇe ca doṣaśrutyanupapatteḥ | atha kanyāyāḥ
pañcamasya ca darśanādubhayatropasaṃhārānmilitamubhayaṃ nimittaṃ tanna,
tathāpi siṃhe śrāddhaprasaktyā yuṣmadabhimatasyāsiddheḥ, viśiṣṭasya

77.p1.8

tadānīmabhāvāt kanyopalakṣitapañcama iti cenna | sati viśeṣaṇatve upalakṣaṇatvāyogāt | śrāvaṇabhādrādhimāsapāte copalakṣaṇabhāve'pi śaṅkhavelā nyāyenopalakṣyasya pratyabhijñāyamānatayā śrāddhādhikārasya durbbāratvāpatteḥ | pratisaṃvatsaraṃ caikatvāt | pañcamasya
vyāvṛttyabhāvādupalakṣaṇavaiphalyāt karkaṭasiṃhādhimāsavatsarīyapañcamavyāvṛttyarthamiti na vācyaṃ, tadvatsare kanyopalakṣitapañcamasyānimittatvasyānupajātatvena tannimittasya śrāddhasyābhāvaprasakteḥ
upalakṣaṇabhāve'pi copalakṣyasya tathātvānivṛttyanupapatteḥ | tasmāt
kanyāyā viśeṣaṇasyāvaśyambhāvātpṛcchāmahe | haviṣā viśeṣaṇa
iti nyāyāt nirapekṣatayā kanyāmātrameva jīvanasya viśeṣaṇam
tāvatevādhikāṅgoparamāt, na caivaṃ kṛṣṇapakṣo'pi na viśeṣaṇaṃ
syāditi vācyam | pitrarccanarūpatvāt śrāddhasya jāgratsañcārccanasambhavāt | "karmaceṣṭāmahaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ śuklaḥ svapnāya śarvvarī"ti
manunā śuklapakṣe pitṛnidrābhidhānādvidheyabhūtaśrāddhasāmarthyāt kṛṣṇapakṣasyāpi viśeṣaṇatvāt tadevaṃ kanyāyā eva nimittatvāttasyāścaikatvāt | naimittikamapi sakṛdeva sidhyati, pramāṇasiddhāmeva
ca kanyādhikārapravṛttimupajīvya tattatphalārthinā tattattithiṣu
śrāddhasyābhyāso guṇaphalādhikāravadvidhīyate, tena yasmin kṛṣṇapakṣe
kāmyanityādhikārastatpakṣīyatithiṣvabhyāsaḥ phalārthaḥ | sa ca
kanyāyāmeva vā kanyādhikārapravṛttasya vā siṃhāṃśe'pi sidhyati
tadarthamuktaṃ kanyāgatānvitaścet syāditi nāyaṃ kanyānvayo'dṛṣṭārthaḥ

77.p1.9

yena rajanīmātrayoge'pi grahaṇaṃ, kintu kāmyanityādhikārapravṛttyartham | “ataevānte vā yadi vā madhya” ityetadapi kanyāśrāddhārhakālaprāptyarthaṃ vacanam | na punarantamadhyāveva vivakṣitau,
tadvivakṣāyāmantamadhyaśabdau amāvāsyāntāṣṭamīmadhyakṣaṇaparau
kiṃvā amāvāsyāṣṭamīparau ekādaśyādiṣaṣṭhyāditithipañcakadvayaparau vā | tatra prathamadvitīyapakṣadvaye'ṣṭamyamāvāsyayoreva saṃkrāntau
pakṣasya pūjyatā syānna,tithyantare tadā bhavatāmapi nābhimatalābhaḥ,
mahājanavirodhaśca | atha tṛtīyaḥ tadā pratipadāditithipañcake
saṃkrāntau śrāddhaṃ na syāt | atha tatpañcakanyāsaṃkrāntimātraparau,
na svārthamātraparau | naitat kanyāsamvandhasyādṛṣṭārthatve madhyāntaśabdayorarthāvivakṣāyāṃ hetvabhāvāt | śabdamūlatvādadṛṣṭasiddheḥ | tasmādvacanāntaravihitaśrāddhārhakanyākālasambandhāt kāmyanityādhikāraprāptyarthaṃ vacanaṃ dṛṣṭārtham | tena yatra kanyāsamvandhikāmyanityādhikāraprāptiḥ sa pakṣaḥ sakala eva guṇaphalādhikāravadanena vidhīyate
yatra punaramāvāsyāyāṃ rajanyāṃ kanyāgamanaṃ bhānostatra kanyānityādhikārasyāpravṛtteḥ | tatpratyupajīvī guṇaphalādhikāraḥ anuvarttate
ataevāha
“puṇyaṃ kanyāgatantāvat puṇyaḥ pañcastu pañcamaḥ
kanyāgataṃ pañcamantu puṇyāt puṇyatamaṃ smṛtam ||”
dutkarṣavacanaṃ na syāt | na ca pañcame daivādakṛtaśrāddhasya kanyāyāṃ
prasaktāvutkarṣavacanamiti vācyam | tathārhaśravaṇāt śrutenaiva cotpattau pañcame'kṛtaśrāddhasyetyadhyāhārthyānupapatteḥ | pañcamapakṣe cākaraṇe kanyāvidhiriti prāgeva nirastam | yata eva pañcamasya na

77.p1.10

mukhyakālatā, ataeva tadabhāve na kiñcidapi śrūyate | tathā
kanyābhāve tulā, tasmāt kanyāyāmeva kāmyasya nityādhikārasya
vā pravṛtta mupajīvya pañcamapakṣe guṇaphalādhikāranyāyena vidhānam
yadā ca kṛṣṇacaturddaśyāṃ kanyāsaṃkrāntistadā tadanantaritāmāvāsyātithivaidhānmalimlucatayā na kanyāgataśrāddhārhā amāvāsyāyāñca
kanyāsaṃkrāntau yadyamāvāsyāyāḥ śrāddhayogyakālaḥ kanyāyāntadāsau
malimlucaḥ | atha siṃhe tadā na kanyāgataśrāddhārhaḥ | atastadupajīvino guṇaphalādhikārasya sutarāmapravṛttiḥ | atha nityanaimittike kuryyāditi, malimluce nityasya kanyādhikārasya pravṛttiḥ
sambhavatīti naitat | “garhitaḥ pitṛdevābhyāṃ sarvvakarmsu taṃ tyajediti” sarvvakarmmasu tasya niṣedhāt tadupajīvino nityanaimittika
iti pratiprasavavacanasya kevalanityanaimittikagocaratayā vyavasthitaḥ
kāmyavyāvṛttyā viśeṣaṇatvenāsādhāraṇarūpatayā kevalanityanaimittikarūpasyaiva prathamamavagateḥ, na punaraparapakṣaśrāddhasya nityakāmyobhayarūpatvāt | ataevāsādhāraṇarūpasyaiva tatra kīrttanam | gajacchāyāṃ
pretaśrāddhamiti, gajacchāyāmāvāsyāparāhnakālaḥ | atra yacchrāddhaṃ
pretaśrāddhamiti kevalanityanaimittikadarśanārthamevoktam | anyathā
nityanaimittikapadābhyāmevānayorupāttatvādgajacchāyādipadama Picked? - padamanarthakañcavet | kiñca kanyāgatāparapakṣaśrāddhasya rājasūyāśvamedhābhyāmiti | “tasya vāsastriviṣṭapa” iti, “kratubhistulyānī”tyādivacanaiḥ kāmyatvantāvannirvvivādam | tasyaiva tu kanyānvita ityādivacanairakaraṇe'narthaprāptidarśanāttadanuṣṭhānādanarthaparīhāraḥ

77.p1.11

kriyata eveti akaraṇanimittānarthaparīhārasādhanasya śrāddhakarmaṇaḥ
kāmyaphalārthaṃ vidhānamekamevāstu, kiṃ nityādhikārārthaṃ śrutyantarakalpanena kāmyanityādhikāradvayavādināpi śrāddhaṃ sakṛdeva ato'karaṇanimittapratyavāyaparīhāraṃ kurute ? apūrvvadvāreṇa tu kāmyaṃ
sādhayatīti svīkarttavyam | akaraṇasyānarthahetutvena śruteḥ | “dhanaṃ
putrāḥ kutastasya pitṛniśvāsapīḍanā”diti doṣaśrutimūlatvādavaśyakarttavyatāyāstenākaraṇasyānarthaparīhārārthaṃ phalārthakāsanāmantareṇāpi śrāddhasyānuṣṭhānaniyamaśrutiriti | vyarthā śrutyantarakalpanā,
pratyakṣaśrutyādhikāraśrutidvaye tu nāyaṃ prakāraḥ sambhavī, svatantrapravṛttatvādubhayoretasmiṃśca pakṣe pṛthagjīvanādhikārābhāvāt kanyādīnāṃ
jīvanaviśeṣaṇatve'pi vikalpāḥ, prācīnāste'karaṇaṃ prati viśeṣaṇatve yojanīyāḥ | ataḥ kāmyatayā yathāpracāraṃ vā kāmyanityobhayarūpatayā kevalanityanaimittikagocarapratiprasavavacanāviṣayatvāt | kanyāyāṃ malamāse sati śrāddhasyāprasaktatvādvihitakālalābhena ca prasaktādhikārasya “na ceddattaṃ pitṝṇāntu mahālaya” iti
vacanena kādācitkatvavāci-cecchabdaprayogeṇa kathañcidakaraṇe tulāvidhānānmalimluce'pi nityamevākaraṇārthāsya tulāyāmapi karttavyateti | tadvatsare karmalopaprāptau “yātudhānādi”vacanaistulādityasya vidhānaṃ yoślokenāpyuktam| tenātītya kanyāgataṃ tulāgate
pitṛkriyeti vacanārthaḥ| tena kanyāyāmaparapakṣaśrāddhamiti mukhyaḥ

77.p1.12

kalpaḥ| tatrāsambhave tulāyāmiti sthitam| kanyāpañcamamelakaśca puṇyatamaḥ ubhayamelaka eva ca, kanyānimittakāmyanityādhikāre sati phalabhūyārthino guṇaphalādhikāravat kṛṣṇapakṣe śrāddhavidhānāt siṃhāṃśe'pi śrāddhakriyā| nityantu kanyāyāmeveti
siddham
tathā yamaḥ
“prauṣṭhapadyāmatītāyāṃ maghāyuktāṃ trayodaśīm
prāpya śrāddhaṃ hi karttavyaṃ madhunā pāyasena ca
tathā
“yajetaḥ pitṛdaivatye haṃsaścaiva kare sthitaḥ
tithivaiṃvasvatī nāma pitṝṇāndattamakṣayam ||”
pitṛdaivatyaṃ maghā, haṃsaḥ sūryyaḥ, karo hastaḥ, vaivasvatī trayodaśī
nitye kāmye cāparapakṣe dhurilocanasaṃjñakā eva viśvedevāḥ
tathāca bhāguriṇā purāṇavacanaṃ likhitam
“pārvvaṇena vidhānena kuryyādāparapakṣikam
viśvedevāḥ parañcātra kīrttitau dhurilocanau
nirṇīte'parapakṣe kṛtinā jīmūtavāhanenāsmin
śrāddhe śraddhāvadbhirvidvadbhiḥ kāryyamavadhānam ||”
iti pāribhādropādhyāya-śrījīmūtavāhanakṛtau
dharmmaratne'parapakṣaḥ samāptaḥ
śastrahatānāñcaturddaśyāṃ śrāddhaṃ karttavyam
vṛddhamanoḥ
“sarpairhatā araṇyairvā kumbhīraiśca gajairvṛṣaiḥ
utpātena ca vajraiśca śrāddhe teṣāṃ caturddaśī ||”
bhagavatīpurāṇasya
“pakṣimatyamṛgairyai tu śṛṅgidaṃṣṭrinarairhatāḥ
patanānaśanaprāyairvajrāgniviṣabandhanaiḥ
mṛtā jalapraveśena taṃ vai śastrahatāḥ smṛtāḥ ||”
ete pāribhāṣikāḥ śastrahatāḥ
“ekādaśāhe pretasya yasya cotsṛjyate vṛṣaḥ
pretalokaṃ parityajya svargalokaṃ sa gacchati
ādyaśrāddhe tripakṣe vā ṣaṣṭhe māsi ca vatsare
vṛṣotsargaṃ prakurvvīta parastāduktakālikam
ādyaśrāddhe tripakṣe vā ṣaṇmāse cābdika tathā

77.p1.13

vṛṣotsargastu karttavyo yāvanna syātsapiṇḍatā
sapiṇḍīkaraṇādūrddhaṃ kālo'nyaḥ śāstracoditaḥ
kārttikyāmatha phālgunyāmāha kātyāyano muniḥ
āṣāḍhyāmatha kārttikyāṃ jātūkarṇa uvāca ha
revatyāmāśvine māsi grahaṇe candrasūryyayoḥ
dvayorayanayoścaiva muniḥ śākhyāyano'bravīt
pūrvvākteṣvatha kāleṣu viṣuvatyapi śaunakaḥ
vaiśākhe kārttike vāpi vṛṣabhaṃ yaḥ samutsṛjet
pretatvānmocitastena pitā putreṇa dhīmatā
caturṇāmapi varṇānāṃ vṛṣalakṣaṇamucyate
viprasya nīlakapilau kṣatrasya nīlapuṇḍrakau
vaiśyasya cāmaraśvetau śūdrasya śvetapuṇḍrakau
kṛṣṇo vā lohito vāpi śveto vā kapilo'tha vā ||"
"deśakālaupāyena dravyaṃ śraddhāsamanvitam
pātre pradīyate yattat sakalaṃ dharmmalakṣaṇam ||"
"ayane viṣuve puṇye vyatīpātadinakṣaye
yugādiṣūparāgeṣu tathā manvantarādiṣu
saṃkrāntivaidhṛtidine caturddeśyaṣṭamīṣu ca
sitapañcadaśī sarvvā dvādaśīṣvaṣṭakāsu ca
yajñotsavavivāheṣu duḥsvapnādbhutadarśane
dravyabrāhmaṇalābhe vā śraddhā vā yatra jāyate ||"
"śanaiścarasya vāreṇa vāreṇāṅgārakasya ca
kṛṣṇāṣṭamīcaturddaśyau puṇyātpuṇyatame smṛte
somavāre tvamāvāsyā āditye yā ca saptamī
caturthyaṅgāravāreṇa aṣṭamī ca bṛhaspatau
āsu yatkriyate pāpamathavā puṇyasañcayaḥ
ṣaṣṭivarṣasahasrāṇi pratijanma tadakṣayam
puṇye ca janmanakṣatre vyatīpāte'tha vaidhṛtau
amāvāsyāṃ nadīsnānaṃ harate janmaduṣkṛtam||”
“śuklapakṣe dvitīyāyāṃ caturthyāñcaiva bhārata
pañcamyāṃ kṛṣṇapakṣasya snātaḥ kimanuśocate
trāhaspṛgdivasaścaiva mahāpuṇyatamaḥ smṛtaḥ
tithitrayasya saṃsparśāt tatra dattamantakam
yasminniraṃśakaḥ sūryyastadahaḥsnānamācaret

77.p1.14

snānañcaivākṣayaṃ proktamaṃśakaṃ prāpya madhyamam||”
“paurṇamāsyāmamāvāsyāmaṣṭamīṣvaṣṭakāsu ca
caturddaśyāṃ kṛtaṃ kṛtsnamanantaṃ śivasannidhau
dve cāṣṭamyau tu māsasya caturddaśyau tathaiva ca
amāvāsīpaurṇamāsyau saptamīdvādaśīdvayam
saṃvatsaramabhuñjānaḥ satataṃ vijitendriyaḥ
mucyate sarvvapāpebhyaḥ svargaloke mahīyate
brahmacaryyaphalaṃ yacca yatphalaṃ parvvayājinām
ṛtugāmiphalaṃ yacca tadavāpnotyasaṃśayaḥ||”
atha yamaḥ
“kārttikīṃ puṣkare snātaḥ sarvvapāpaiḥ pramucyate
māghīṃ snātaḥ prayāge tu mucyate sarvvakilviṣaiḥ ||”
paurṇamāsīmityarthaḥ
tathā |“gayāśīrṣavaṭe snātaḥ māghakṛṣṇāṣṭamīntathā
narmmadāmbhasi ca snātaḥ pauṣakṛṣṇāṣṭamīṃ śubhām
śālagrāme tathā caitrīṃ śarabhe ca caturddaśīm
śukladaśamyāṃ snātvā tu puṇḍarīke tathaiva ca
sannihityāmamāvāsyāṃ prabhāse vā tathā punaḥ
taijase tu naraḥ snātvā mucyate sarvvakilviṣaiḥ
yamunāyāṃ tathā snātvā māghe kṛṣṇacaturddaśīm ||”
“mucyate sarvvakilviṣai”rityanuyujyate
“pauṣamāsasya yā śuklā viśeṣeṇa trayodaśī
tasyāṃ snātvā vitastāyāṃ mucyate sarvvakilviṣaiḥ
candrabhāgāmbhasi snāto māghapauṣatrayodaśīm
aṣṭamīṃ revatīyoge tathā vaigavatāmbhasi ||”
vegavatī nadyāderambho vaigavataṃ tasminnambhasītyarthaḥ
bhāratasya
“āṣāḍhyāṃ sarayūtoye śrāvaṇyāṃ satantathā
śravaṇarttamamuprāpya yatra kvacana saṅgame
sarvvāścaturddaśīṃ puṣye devikāyāntathāmbhasi
mahāgaṅgāmupaspṛśya kṛttikāṅgārake tathā
trayodaśyāmaśvayuje vipāśāyāntathaiva ca
abhyarcya dharmmarājānaṃ bharaṇīṣu tathā sadā
caturddaśībharaṇīyoge śanaiścaradine yadā

77.p1.15

tadābhyarcya yamaṃ devaṃ mucyate sarvvakilviṣaiḥ
śukle vā yadi vā kṛṣṇe caturthī ca caturddaśī
bhaumavāreṇa puṇyāso somavāre kuhuryyadā ||"
“māsaḥ kārttiko'gnyagnidaivatyo'gniśca sarvvadevānāṃ mukhaṃ,
tasmāt kārttikaṃ māsaṃ vahiḥsnāyī gāyatrījape nirataḥ
sakṛdeva haviṣyāśī saṃvatsarakṛtātpāpāt pūto bhavati |”
“kārttikaṃ sakalaṃ māsaṃ nityasnāyī jitendriyaḥ
japan haviṣyabhugdāntaḥ sarvvapāpaiḥ pramucyate ||”
“yathāśvamedho yajñānāṃ māsānāṃ kārttikastathā
tasmāttatra prayatnena niyato dharmmamācaret
āmiṣaṃ maithunañcaiva kārttike māsi yastyajet
sarvvakālakṛtaṃ pāpaṃ duṣkṛtañcāpakarṣati
varṣāsu kārttikaḥ puṇyaḥ kārttike bhīṣmapañcakam ||”
“yadbhīṣmapañcakamiti prathitaṃ pṛthivyāmekādaśīprabhṛti pañcadaśīnibaddham
munyannabhojanaparasya narasya tasmin
iṣṭaṃ phalaṃ diśati pāṇḍava śāṅgidhanvā ||”
“kārttike puṣyeṇa† māsapuṇyāni‡ ghṛtenāśnīyāt |”
“yaḥ kuryyātkārttike māsi śobhanāṃ dīpamālikām
saptamyāmatha ṣaṣṭhyāṃ vā amāvāsyāmathāpi vā
bhāskarātapasaṅkāśastejasā bhāsayandiśaḥ
divyābharaṇasampannaṃ kulaṃ prāpnoti sarvvataḥ
yāvatpradīpasaṃkhyānaṃ ghṛtenāpūryya veditam
tāvadvarṣasahasrāṇi sūryyaloke mahīyate
ūrje māsi pradīpañca ye narā viṣṇusannidhau
ākāśe dāpayantyeva te'pi cākṣayamāpnuyuḥ
uccaiḥ pradīpamākāśe yo dadyāt kārttike naraḥ
sarvvaṃ lokaṃ§ samuddhṛtya viṣṇulokamavāpnuyāt
yastu keśavamuddiśya dīpandadyācca kārttike
ākāśasthaṃ jalasthañca śṛṇu tasyāpi yatphalam
dhanadhānyasamṛddhisu putravānīśvaro gṛhī
locane ca śubhe tasya vidvānapi hi jāyate ||”

77.p1.16

dāmodarāya nabhasi tulāyāṃ lolayā saha
pradīpante prayacchāmi namo'nantāya vedhase
“vipraveśmani yā nārī kārttike māsi dīpakam
agniṣṭomaphalantasyāḥ pravadanti manīṣiṇaḥ ||”
“catuṣpatheṣu rathyāsu brāhmaṇāvasatheṣu ca
vṛkṣamūleṣu goṣṭheṣu kāntāragahaneṣu ca
dīpadānāddhi sarvvatra mahāphalamupāśnute ||”
“kārttike māsi yo dīpaṃ dadyāduddiśya devatām
pitaraṃ vā dine tasya sadā bhāsat phalaṃ labhet
ghṛtena dīpaṃ prajvālya tilatailena vā punaḥ
dīrghāyurvvapuṣā yuktaḥ cakṣuṣā ca na hīyate
dīpadānaparo nityaṃ jñānadīpena dīpyate
spaṣṭabuddhīndriyaścāpi na kadācit pramucyate
dīpandadāti yo nityaṃ devatāyataneṣu ca
catuṣpatheṣu rathyāsu rūpavān subhago bhavet ||”
“āśvinaṃ sakalaṃ māsaṃ brāhmaṇebhyaḥ pratyahaṃ ghṛtaṃ pradāyāśvinau prīṇayitvā rūpavān bhavati | tasminneva pratyahaṃ
gorasairbrāhmaṇān bhojayitvā ārogyabhāgbhavati | pratimāse revatīyute candramasi madhu ghṛtaṃ paramānnaṃ brāhmaṇān
bhojayitvā revatīṃ prīṇayitvā rūpabhāgbhavati | māsi
māsyagniṃ hutvā pratyahaṃ tailasthaṃ vā saghṛtaṃ kulmāṣaṃ brāhmaṇān bhojayitvā dīptāgnirbhavati |”
“yadīcchedvipulān bhogāṃścandrasūryyagrahopamān
prātaḥsnāyī bhavennityaṃ dvau māsau māghaphālgunau ||”
“prātaḥsnāyī ca satataṃ māsau dvau māghaphālgunau
devān pitṝn samabhyarcya sarvvapāpaiḥ pramucyate ||”
“tulāmakarameṣeṣu prātaḥsnāyī sadā bhavet
haviṣyaṃ brahmacaryyañca mahāpātakanāśanam ||”
“na rāhudarśanavarjaṃ na vā rātrau na sandhyāyāṃ prātaḥsnāyyaruṇakiraṇagrastāṃ prācīmavalokya snāyāt |”

77.p1.17

ubhayoḥ sandhiṃ sandhyāpraveśakālameva vidadhāti | yamuṣaḥkālamiti bruvate | ataeva,—“uṣasyuṣasi yatsnānaṃ prājāpatyena
tatsama”mityāhuḥ
yathā
“māghe māsi raṭantyāpaḥ kiñcidabhyudite ravau
brahmaghnamapi cāṇḍālaṃ kaṃ patantaṃ punīmahe ||”
idameva tūdaye | kaṃ jalam
“māghasnānaṃ sadā puṇyaṃ sarvvapāpapraṇāśanam
ṛṣayastena dharmeṇa prāptā brahmasamāśrayam ||”
snānañca parakīyanipāneṣu na kāryyam
yathā manuḥ | ’
“parakīyanipāneṣu snāyānnaiva kadācana
nipānakarttuḥ snātvā hi duṣkṛtāṃśena lipyate ||”
atra parakīyatvamapratiṣṭhitatvaṃ na boddhavyam, kintu parakṛtatvantacca
pratiṣṭhite'pi sādhāraṇam | na hi parakīyatvaṃ sambandhādeva paraṃ
madīyāste pitṛvyāḥ, asmadīyo nṛpatirityādiṣvapi chapratyayasya
darśanāt | tathā vinigamanākāraṇaṃ kimatreti cet, nipānakarttu riti śeṣaśruteḥ
ataeva paiṭhīnasiḥ
“parakṛtanipānakūṃpāṃśca varjjayedaṃśabhāk tatra setoḥ trīn
piṇḍānuddhṛtya snāyāt |”
setoḥ karttarityarthaḥ
tathā baudhāyanaḥ
“sravantīṣvaniruddhāsu trayo varṇā dvijātayaḥ
prātarutthāya kurvīran devarṣipitṛtarpaṇam
niruddhāsu na kurvīrannaṃśabhāk tatra setukṛt
tasmāt parakṛtān setūn kūpāṃśca parivarjayet ||”
“uddhṛtya cāpi trīn piṇḍān kuryyādāpatsu no sadā
niruddhāsu ca mṛtpiṇḍān kūpādambughaṭāṃstathā ||”
“paranipāneṣu na snānamācaredācaredvā pañca piṇḍānuddhṛtyāpadi |”
neṣṭakacite pitṝṃstarpayedvāpītar̤āgodapāneṣu sapta pañca
trīn vā piṇḍānuddhṛtya devapitṝṃstarpayet
“pañca piṇḍānanuddhṛtya na snāyātparavāriṣu
snāyānnadīdevakhātagatrtaprasravaṇeṣu ca ||”

77.p1.18

“nadīṣu devakhāteṣu tar̤āgeṣu saraḥsu ca
snānaṃ samācarennityaṃ garttaprasravaṇeṣu ca ||”
dvāvapi pratiṣṭhitanipānaṃ snānārthaṃ noktavantau
tathā
“abhāve devakhātānāṃ sarasāṃ saritāntathā
uddhṛtya caturaḥ piṇḍān pārakye snānamācaret ||”
apratiṣṭhitārthatve pārakyapadasya pratiṣṭhitasyābhāva ityapi vaktavyaṃ
syāt | tasmāt pārakyamapratiṣṭhitamiti vyākhyānamapratiṣṭhitasyaiva
atha śrīviṣṇuḥ
“snāyāt prasravaṇadevakhātasarovareṣu uddhṛtādbhūminiṣṭhamudakaṃ
puṇyaṃ prasravaṇaṃ tasmānnādeyam | tasmādapi sādhu parigṛhītaṃ
sarvvata eva gāṅgamivi |”
devakhātamāha viṣṇupurāṇe
“ṛṣibhirdevatābhiśca purāṇairnṛpasattamaiḥ
kṛteṣu kūpakhāteṣu snāyātteṣu viśaṅkitaḥ ||”
atha mārkaṇḍeyaḥ
“plavamāneṣu toyeṣu sarasīṣu nadīṣu ca
puṇyārthamācaret snānaṃ tena kāmyaphalaṃ labhet ||”
āhnikaḥ
“ahorātrasya yaḥ sandhiḥ sūryanakṣatravarjjitaḥ
sā hi sandhyā samākhyātā tasyāṃ snānaṃ samācaret ||”
atha marīciḥ
“upāsīta pratyahaṃ sandhyāṃ yathākālaṃ yathāvidhi
saptāhamanupāsaṃsrtāṃ svasthaḥ san patito bhavet ||”
āha dakṣaḥ
“snānaṃ madhyandine kuryyāt mṛdo'nte tvanirāmayaḥ
na taṅgālaṅkṛto rogī nāstrāte'mbhasi nākule ||”
tathā yogiyājñavalkyaḥ
“trirātraphaladā nadyo yāḥ kāścidasamudragāḥ
samudragāśca pañcasya māsasya saritāṃpatiḥ ||”
tathā
“ubhe sandhye tu snātavyaṃ brāhmaṇaiśca gṛhāśritaiḥ
tisṛṣvapi ca sandhyāsu snātavyaṃ tu tapasvinā ||”
“ubhe sandhye tu karttavye” iti pāṭho'nākaraḥ
snānāśaktāvāha jābāliḥ
“aśiraskaṃ bhavet snānaṃ snānāśaktau tu karmmiṇām
ārdraṇa vāsasā vāpi mārjjanaṃ daihikaṃ viduḥ ||”

77.p1.19

āha yogiyājñavalkyaḥ
“māntraṃ bhaumaṃ tathāgneyaṃ vāyavyaṃ divyameva ca
vāruṇaṃ mānasañcaiva saptastrāthī prakīrttitaḥ
āpo hi ṣṭheti vai māntraṃ mṛdālambhastu pārthivam
āgneyaṃ bhasmanā snānaṃ vāyavyaṅgorajaḥ smṛtam
yatta ātapavarṣeṇa snānaṃ taddivyamucyate
vāruṇañcāvagāhyantu mānasaṃ viṣṇucintanam
śastaṃ snānaṃ yathoddiṣṭaṃ mantrasnānakrameṇa tu
kāladoṣādasāmarthyāt sarvvaṃ tulyaphalaṃ smṛtam ||”
kaiścittu mānasaṃ bhaumaṃ hitvā pañcavidhamuktam
yathā parāśaraḥ
“āgneyaṃ vāruṇañcaiva tṛtīyaṃ brāhmameva ca
caturthañcaiva vāyavyaṃ pañcamaṃ divyamucyate ||”
aprāyatye tu vāruṇameva kāryyam
tadāha yogiyājñavalkyaḥ
“aprāyatye samutpanne snānameva samācaret
pūrvvoddiṣṭaistathā mantrairanyathā mārjjanaṃ smṛtam ||”
snānaṃ yathā lokasiddhaṃ vāruṇamityarthaḥ
tathā śrīviṣṇurahasye
“āṣāḍhyādicaturmāsaṃ prātaḥsnāyī bhavennaraḥ
viprāya bhojanaṃ dattvā kārttikyāṃ goprado bhavet
sa vaiṣṇavapadaṃ yāti viṣṇuvratamidaṃ smṛtam
āṣāḍhasya site pakṣe ekādaśyāmupoṣitaḥ
cāturmāsyavratānāntu kurvvīta parikalpanam
ekādaśyāntu gṛhṇīyāt saṃkrāntyāṃ karkaṭasya ca
āṣāḍhyāmānato bhaktyā cāturmāsyāṃ vratakriyām ||”
cāturmāsikavratagrahaṇe kālacatuṣṭayam
āṣār̤hī paurṇamāsī śuklā ekādaśī dvādaśī karkaṭasaṃkrāntiśceti
atha vratagrahaṇamantraḥ
“idaṃ vrataṃ mayā deva gṛhītaṃ puratastava
nirvighnāṃ siddhimāpnoti prasanne tvayi keśave
gṛhīte'smin vrate deva yadyapūrṇe mriyāmyaham
tanme bhavatu sampūrṇaṃ tvatprasādājjanārddana ||”

77.p1.20

vāsudevamabhyarcya tadagre cāturmāsikaṃ vrataṃ madhumaithunatailamāṃsādivarjjanarūpaṃ grāhyam
atha niṣiddhānyucyante
tatra manuḥ
“māṃsāśane pañcadaśī tailābhyaṅge caturddaśī
aṣṭamī grāmyadharmme ca kulantamapi pātayet ||”
āha baudhāyanaḥ
“parvvasu nādhīyīta na māṃsamaśnīyānna striyamupeyāt
parvvasu hi rakṣaḥpiśācā abhicāravanto bhavantīti ||”
āha vasiṣṭhaḥ
“na parvvasu tailaṃ kṣuraṃ māṃsaṃ striyamupeyānnāmāvāsyāyāṃ
haritāni chindyāt |”
atha smṛtisamuccaye
“amāvāsyāṃ na tu chindyāt kuśāṃśca samidhastathā
sacitte'vasthite some hiṃsāyāṃ brahmahā bhavet
kuśāḥ śākāśca puṣpañca kāṣṭhāni ca tṛṇāni ca
amāvāsyāñca cinuyānna duṣyati kadācana ||”
“tailaṃ māṃsaṃ bhagaṃ kṣauraṃ parvvakāle pravarjjayet
eteṣvalakṣmīrvasati taile māṃse bhage kṣure ||”
“śleṣmātake tathālakṣmīrnityameva kṛtālayā
bhage māṃse kṣure taile nityaṃ parvvasu tiṣṭhati
āsaptamakulaṃ hanti śiro'bhyaṅge caturdaśī
māṃsāśane pañcadaśī grāmyadharmme tathāṣṭamī
ṣaṣṭhyaṣṭamī amāvāsyā ubhau pakṣau caturdaśī
atra sannihitaṃ pāpaṃ taile māṃse bhage kṣure ||”
“na tu kāṣṭhamamāvāsyāṃ maithunañca caturdaśīm
hanti saptakulantasya tailagrahaṇamaṣṭamīm
ṣaṣṭhyaṣṭamī pañcadaśī ubhau pakṣau caturdaśī
atra sannihitaṃ pāpaṃ taile māṃse bhage kṣure
ṣaṣṭhyāntailamanāyuṣyamaṣṭamyāṃ piśitantathā
kṣurakarmma caturddaśyāntathā parvvaṇi maithunam ||”
“kṣaure śanaiścarādityabhaumāho rātrimeva ca
tithiṃ pratipadaṃ riktāṃ viṣṭiñca parivarjjayet
“nābhyaṅgaṃ bhuktaraṇakāmasamudyatānāṃ
na snānamatra gamanotsukabhūṣitānām

77.p1.21

sandhyānniśārkakujasauridine narāṇāṃ
kṣauraṃ hitanna navake'hni na cāpi viṣṭhyām ||”
“ṣaṣṭhyaṣṭamī amāvāsyā ubhe pakṣe caturddaśī
atra sannihitaṃ pāpaṃ taile māṃse bhage kṣure
ṣaṣṭhyāntailamanāyuṣyamaṣṭamyāṃ piśitantathā
kāmabhogaścaturddaśyāmamāvāsyāṃ kṣurakriyā ||”
“sāyaṃsandhyāṃ parānnañca punarbho janamaithunam
tailaṃ māṃsaṃ śilāpiṣṭamamāvāsyāṃ vivarjjayet
“sāyaṃsandhyāṃ parānnañca śilāpiṣṭantathaiva ca
amāvāsyāṃ na seveta rātrau bhojanamaithune
sūryyarakṣagate some parānnaṃ yo hi bhakṣayet
tasya māsakṛtaṃ puṇyaṃ yasyānaṃ tasya tadbhavet
dantakāṭhe tvamāvāsyā maithune ca caturdaśī
hanti saptakulaṃ puṃsāṃ tailasya grahaṇe'ṣṭamī
amāvāsyāṃ na gacchettu prāptakālāmapi striyam
tailañca na spṛśedāmaṃ vṛkṣādīṃśchedayena tu
pratipatsu navamyāñca tathā pañcasu parvvasu
abhyaṅgasparśapānādyaistailantu na spṛśenaraḥ
paṣṭhādau ca ravau ṣaṣṭhyāṃ riktāyāñca tathā tithau
tailenābhyajyamānastu caturbhirapi hīyate
upoṣitasya vratinaḥ kṛttakeśasya nāpitaiḥ
tāvacchrīstiṣṭhati prītā yāvattailaṃ na saṃspṛśet
nakhe kṛtte kṛte śmaśruśiroruhaprakalpane
na ca snāyānaraḥ śeṣe tailasnānaṃ samācaret
kaṣāyeṇa śiraḥ snātvā abhyaktena ca kenacit
tāvatsyādaśucirvipro yāvannirṇayite na tat
na cābhīkṣṇaṃ śiraḥsnānaṃ kāryyaṃ niṣkāraṇaṃ budhaiḥ
śiraḥsnātaśca tailena nāṅgaṃ kiñcidapi spṛśet ||”
“divā kapitthacchāyāne rātrau ca dadhiśaktuṣu
dhātrīphale ca saptamyāmalakṣmīrvasate sadā ||”
“aṣṭamyāñca caturddaśyāṃ pañcadaśyāṃ viśāradaḥ
tailaṃ māṃsaṃ vyavāyañca kṣurañca parivarjayet ||”

77.p1.22

“amāvāsyāṣṭamī caiva pūrṇamāsī caturddaśī
parvvāṇyetāṇi rājendra ravisaṃkrāntireva ca
tailastrīmāṃsasevī ca parvvasveteṣu mānavaḥ
viṇmūtraprāśanaṃ nāma narakaṃ pratipadyate ||”
“saptamyānna spṛśettailaṃ nīlaṃ vastraṃ na dhārayet
na cāmalakaiḥ snāyānna kuryyāt kalahaṃ naraiḥ ||”
“nimbasya bhakṣaṇantailaṃ tilaistarpaṇamañjanam
saptamyānnaiva kurvīta tāmrapātreṣu bhojanam
śiraḥ kapālamantrāṇi nakhacarmmatilāṃstathā
etāni kramaśo nityamaṣṭamyādiṣu varjjayet ||”
malābuṃ navamyām, annaṃ kalambikāṃ daśamyāṃ, nakhaṃ śimbikāmekādaśyāṃ, carmmati pūtikāṃ dvādaśyāṃ, tilaṃ vārttākuṃ trayodaśyāṃ
na bhakṣayet
“ekādaśyāṃ samārabhya rākāṃ keśavabodhane
vako'pi tatra nāśnīyānmatsyaṃ māṃsañca kiṃ naraḥ ||”
“amāvāsyānnavamyāntu saptamyāñca viśeṣataḥ
dhātrīphalāni yatnena dūrataḥ parivarjayet
vīryyahāniḥ prajāhāniryyaśohānistathaiva ca
hanyetattritayaṃ yasmāttasmāddhātrīṃ vivarjjayet ||”
“navamyāṃ darśasaptamyāṃ saṃkrāntau ravivāsare
candrasūryyoparāge ca snānamāmalakaistyajet
saptamyāmapyamāvāsyāṃ saṃkrāntigrahatisṛṣu
dhanaputrakalatrārthī śilāpiṣṭañca na spṛśet ||”
“mohātpratipadaṃ ṣaṣṭhīṃ dagdhaṃ riktāṃ tithiṃ tathā
tailenābhyaṅgayet yastu caturbhiḥ sa hi hīyate ||”
āha gārgyaḥ
“kṣuttāpaṃ kīrttimaraṇaṃ dhanaṃ saubhāgyameva ca
dāridryaṃ sarvvakāmāptirabhyaṅgādbhāskarādiṣu ||”
atha ṣaṭtriṃśanmatam
“saṃkrāntyāṃ pañcadaśyāñca dvādaśyāṃ śrāddhavāsare
vastraṃ na pīḍayennaiva kṣāreṇāpi ca yojayet
darśasnānaṃ gayāśrāddhaṃ tilaiśca pitṛtarpaṇam
na jīvatpitṛkaḥ kuryyāt kurvvaṃśca pitṛhā bhavet

77.p1.23

darśa snānaṃ na kurvīta mātāpitrostu jīvatoḥ
navamyāñca na cettatra nimittāntarasambhavaḥ ||”
“bhogārthaṃ kriyate yattu snānaṃ yādṛcchikaṃ naraiḥ
tanniṣiddhaṃ daśamyādau nityanaimittikaṃ na tu ||”
tathā jābāliḥ
“kriyate svedabāhulyāt hastayantrajalādinā
malavyāpohanaphalaṃ snānaṃ yādṛcchikantu tat
na tat kuryyāttṛtīyāyāṃ trayodaśyāntithau tathā
śāśvatīṃ bhūmimanvicchan daśamyāmapi paṇḍitaḥ ||”
āha kaṇvaḥ
“daśamī navamī caiva pratipacca trayodaśī
tṛtīyā ca viśeṣeṇa snāne caitāni varjjayet ||”
snānadoṣamāha vaśiṣṭhaḥ
“pratipadyanapatyaṃ syāttṛtīyāyāmapatnīkaḥ
daśamyāmamanaḥ snāne sarvvaṃ hanti trayodaśī ||”
āha gārgyaḥ
“navamī putranāśāya vai nāśāya trayodaśī
tṛtīyā bhartṛnāśāya snāne tā varjjayedataḥ ||”
tathā
“dvādaśyāṃ kṛṣṇapakṣe tu na snātavyaṃ kadācana
śatasantānamicchadbhirapavargaparairapi ||”
atha jābāliḥ
“trayodaśyāṃ tṛtīyāyāṃ daśamyāñca viśeṣataḥ
śūdraviṭ‍kṣatriyāḥ snānaṃ nācareyuḥ kathañcana ||”
anena brāhmaṇasyānujñātam
āha manuḥ
“na snānamācared‍bhuktvā nāturo na mahāniśi
na vāsobhirnavājasraṃ nāvijñāte jalāśaye ||”
āha gārgyaḥ
“nānulipto na cājasraṃ sambhrānte'pyāgate'pi ca
gṛhamāgatya na snāyānna mahāniśi nāturaḥ ||”
āha vyāsaḥ
“na snāyāddatsare'tīte nirvarttyāpi ca maṅgalam
anuvrajya suhṛdvandhūn pūjayitveṣṭadevatām ||”
āha bhṛguḥ
“dharmyaṃvinnācaretsnānamāhnikantu punaḥ punaḥ
tarpaṇaṃ brahmayajñañca vaiśvadevañca nācaret
nāvarttayet punaḥ karma tarpaṇādikamanvaham
kāmyanaimittike hitvā ekaṃ hyekatra vāsare ||”
tathā
“saṃsajya cāṣṭamaṃ bhāgamudayādyatra kutracit

77.p1.24

tithyoryugme'pyayugme vā sakṛdāhnikamācaret ||”
pratiprasavamāha vaśiṣṭhaḥ
“putrajanmani saṃkrāntyāṃ śrāddhe janmadine tathā
nityasnāne ca karttavye tithidoṣo na vidyate ||”
āha vaivasvataḥ
“darbhaṃ puṣpāṇi samidhamauṣadhañca viśeṣataḥ
niṣedhenāpi gṛhṇīyādamāvāsyāhani dvijaḥ ||”
padmavyāsaḥ
snāyādvā caturthī saptamī daśamī paurṇamāsīṣu śrīkāmaḥ
tailābhyaṅgaṃ kuryyāt | spṛśedamāvāsyā ṣaṣṭhyaṣṭamī dvādaśī
caturdaśīṣu kṛṣṇatrayodaśyāñcaturdaśyāṃ vā yamāya dharmarājāya mṛtyave cāntakāya vaivasvatāya kālāya sarvvabhūtakṣayāya etebhyaḥ saptabhirnamaskarāntairmantraiḥ saptodakāñjalīn dadyāt | sarvvapāpebhyo vimucyate
atha gadyavyāsaḥ
“pañcamī daśamī caiva pūrṇamāso trayodaśī
ekādaśyāṃ tṛtīyāyāṃ yastailamupasevate
abhyaṅgātsparśanādvāpi bhakṣaṇācca tathaiva ca
caturthyāṃ tasya vṛddhiḥ syāddhanāpatyabalāyuṣām ||”
tathā gārgyaḥ
“pañcamī daśamī caiva tṛtīyā ca trayodaśī
ekādaśī dvitīyā ca pakṣayorubhayorapi
abhyaṅgaṃ sparśanādvairastatra tailaṃ niṣidhyate
caturthyāṃ tasya vṛddhiḥ syāddhanāpatyabalāyuṣām ||”
atrāndhakena tṛtīyāsthāne paurṇamāsīti paṭhitam
“daśamyāntailamaspṛṣṭvā yaḥ snāyādavicakṣaṇaḥ
catvārastasya naśyanti āyuḥ prajñā yaśo balam ||”
āha vṛhanmanuḥ
“āhāraṃ maithunaṃ nidrāṃ sandhyāyāṃ parivarjjayet
karma vādhyayanaṃ vāpi tathā dānapratigrahau
āhārādvyādhimāpnoti garbho raudraśca maithunāt
svapnataḥ syādalakṣmīkaḥ karma caivātra niṣphalam
adhyetā narakaṃ yāti dānānnāpnoti tatphalam
pratigrahe bhavetpāpī tasmātsandhyāṃ vivarjjayet ||”
mahāniśāyāmapi niṣedhamāha mahāpurāṇam

77.p1.25

“mahāniśā tu vijñeyā madhyaṃ praharadvayam
snānantatra na kurvvīta nityanaimittikādṛte ||”
tathā viśvāmitraḥ
“mahāniśā tu vijñeyā rātrau madhyamayāmayoḥ
tasyāṃ snānaṃ na kurvvīta kāmyamācamanantathā ||”
ṣaṭtriṃśanmatam
“apeyaṃ hi sadā toyaṃ rātrau madhyamayāmayoḥ
snānaṃ tatra na kurvvīta tathaivācamanakriyām
mūtroccāraṃ mahārātrau kuryyānnācamanantu yaḥ
prāyaścittīyate vipraḥ prāyaścittārddhamarhati ||”
āha mārkaṇḍeyaḥ
“mahāniśe dve ghaṭike rātrau madhyamayāmayoḥ
atra naimittikaṃ kuryyāt kāmyantu na manāgapi
mahāniśā tu vijñeyā sā ca madhyamarātrakam
tasyāṃ snānaṃ na kurvvīta svādhyāyaṃ pitṛtarpaṇam ||”
madhyasthaghaṭīdvayamiti nirṇītam
tathāca ṣaṭtriṃśanmatam
“catvāri yāni karmāṇi sandhyāyāntu vivarjayet
āhāraṃ maithunaṃ nidrāṃ svādhyāyādhyayanantathā
āhārājjāyate vyādhirgarbho raudraśca maithunāt
svaprataḥ syādalakṣbhīkaḥ svādhyāyādāyuṣaḥ kṣayaḥ ||”
akālavṛṣṭāvapi nādhyetavyamityāha
“cāturmāse nivatte tu cakrapāṇau samutthite
akālavṛṣṭiṃ jānīyādyāvadviṣṇumahotsavam ||”
mahotsavaḥ phālgunapūrṇimā
tathā
“mārgāṇrmāsātprabhṛti munayo dattavālmīkiśiṣyā-†
ścaitraṃ yāvatpravarṣaṇavidhau neti kālaṃ vadanti
nār̤ījaṅghaḥ suragurumunirvakti vṛṣṭerakālau
māsāvetau vadati niyataṃ pauṣamāghau na śeṣān ||”
atha ṣaṭtriṃśanmatam
“tailaiḥ snānaṃ mahāpuṇyaṃ kuryādāmalakaiḥ striye
aṣṭamī navamī darśa ravi saṃkra maṇādṛte
tuṣyatyāmalakairviṣṇurekādaśyāṃ viśeṣataḥ
sarvvakālaṃ tilaiḥ snānamiti vyāso'bravīnmuniḥ
sarvvauṣadhyā tilairvāpi puṇyairvāmalakodakaiḥ

77.p1.26

śiraḥ snānaṃ taṭe kṛtvā majjedapsu yathāruci ||”
āha śātātapaḥ
tilodvarttī tilasnāyī śucirnityaṃ tilodakī
hotā dātā ca bhoktā ca ṣaṭtilī nāvasīdati
māghādimāsaṣaṭke ca mekhalābandhanaṃ yataḥ
cūr̤ākaraṇamardhañca śrāvaṇādau na śasyate
siṃhe dhanuṣi mīne ca sthite saptaturaṅgame
caurodvāhaṃ na kurvīta gṛhakammaṃ vivarjayet
māgha eva yadā māgho siṃhe caiva yadā guruḥ
vrataṃ cauraṃ tathodvāhaṃ gṛhakammaṃ ca varjayet
tattatkālaniṣiddhaṃ karmāsaṅkhyaṃ śrutismṛtipurāṇaiḥ
tatkathamasahasrāyuḥ śakto'haṃ vaktumekākī
tasmāt katipayavacanairākaradṛṣṭairnibandhṛbhirlikhitaiḥ
yadavagataṃ tadabhihitamaparamapare vilikhiṣyanti
karṣeṇātyadhikaiḥ ṣaḍbhiḥ palaistāmrasya bhājanam
triṃśadaṅgulavistāraṃ dvādaśāṅgulamucchritam
svarṇamāsena kṛtvā tu caturaṅgulakāṣṭhikām
madhyabhāge tayā viddhaṃ nār̤ī kāyyā ghaṭī smṛtā
tatastenāmbhasā pūrṇā yāvatkālena jāyate
sa kālo nār̤ikā tasyāḥ ṣaṣṭibhāgo vinār̤ikā
nār̤īdvayaṃ muhūrttantu te pañcadaśa vāsarāḥ
evaṃ rātrirataḥ pakṣamāsartvayanavatsarāḥ
atha paurṇamāsīnirūpaṇam
tatra brahmāṇḍapurāṇam
rākā cānumatiścaiva pūrṇimā dvividhā smṛtā
pūrṇodite kalāhīne paurṇamāsyānniśākare
pūrṇimānumatirjñeyā yā cāstamitabhāskarā
yasmāttāmanumanyante pitaro daivataiḥ saha
tasmādanumatirnāma pūrṇimā prathamā smṛtā
yadā cāstamite sūryye pūrṇacandrasya udgamaḥ
rañjanāccaiva candrasya rāketi kavayo viduḥ
tathā śaṅkaragītāyām
pakṣānte paurṇamāsyāntu srotasyevottarāmukhe
snātvā pretapurīṃ hitvā viṣṇulokaṃ sa gacchati
pakṣānte srotasi snātastena nāyāti mahdṛham

77.p1.27

āṣār̤hī kārttikī māghī vaiśākhīṣu kṛtantu yat
tadanantaphalaṃ proktaṃ snānadānajapādikam
āṣār̤hī kārttikī māghī vaiśākhī śreṣṭhapūrṇimā
ākāmāvaiṣviti khyātā dattaṃ yatrākṣayambhavet
atha bhāratam
māsasaṃjñe yadā ṛkṣe candraḥ sampūrṇamaṇḍalaḥ
guruṇā yāti saṃyogaṃ sā tithirmahatī smṛtā
maṇḍalaścandraḥ pūrṇimāyāṃ bhavati, tena tasyāntithau yadyekasminnakṣatre
māsasamānasaṃjñake gurucandrayogo bhavati tadā mahācaitrī mahāvaiśākhī mahājyaiṣṭhītyādikā dvādaśa paurṇamāsyo bhavantītyarthaḥ
tathā
“sahitau yatra dṛśyete divi candrabṛhaspatī
māsasaṃjñe tu nakṣatre sā tithirmahatī smṛtā ||”
pūrvvavacane sampūrṇamaṇḍalopādānāt paurṇamāsye vātrāpi
pratyetavyā
ataeva jyotiḥśāstre
“sahitau yatra dṛśyete divi candrabṛhaspatī
paurṇamāsī tu mahatī proktā saṃvatsare hi sā ||”
sahitayorddarśanamekatrāvasthitayoreva bhavati, naikarāśimātrāvasthāne | tena
ekarāśigatau syātāṃ yadā guruniśākarau
paurṇamāsī tu mahatī sarvvapāpaharā tithiḥ
ekanakṣatrāvasthitiparaṃ sarvvaikavākyatvāt
tathā brahmāṇḍapurāṇe
“paurṇamāsī vyatīpāto yadekṣetāṃ parasparam
yasmin kāle samau syātāṃ tau vyatīpāta eva saḥ ||”
tau candragurusamau yadākāśe tiṣṭhataḥ | tadeva svayaṃ vyākaroti
“candramā ekaṛkṣañca devācāryyastathaiva ca
vasanti dvādaśābdānte tanmahattvaṃ titheḥ smṛtam ||”
ṛkṣapadaṃ māsasaṃjñakajyeṣṭhādinakṣatraparam | māsasaṃjñakavacanenaikavākyatvāt tithipadañca paurṇamāsīparaṃ, tithinakṣatramātraparatve
dvādaśābdānta iti virodhāt | pratimāsaṃ tasyābhāvāt na ca

77.p1.28

dvādaśābdānte'pyavaśyambhāvaḥ, kintu tataḥ prāṅna bhavatīti tasyārthaḥ
tadeva dvādaśapaurṇamāsīnāmeva mahattvam | gurucandrayormāsasaṃjñakanakṣatrāvasthitau bhavatītyuktam | saurāṇāmnu māsānānnātra vivakṣitatvaṃ vacanairanupādānāt mahāmāghyādiṣu vā sambhavāt
mahājyaiṣṭhayāntu viśeṣaḥ
“aindre guruḥ śaśī caiva prājāpatye ravistathā
pūrṇimā jyeṣṭhamāsasya mahājyaiṣṭhī prakīrttitā ||”
aindraṃ jyeṣṭhānakṣatraṃ, prājāpatyaṃ rohiṇī | evaṃlakṣaṇaṃ prakīrttitā
prakarṣeṇavatī kathitā phalabhūyastvāt, mahattvantu sādhāraṇalakṣaṇādeva | yattu paṭhanti
bṛhaspatiḥ
“paurṇamāsyāṃ site pakṣe jyeṣṭhe māsi gurorddine
vṛṣāditye śaśī caindre mahājyaiṣṭhī prakīrttitā ||”
atrāpi guruvāravṛṣādityābhyāṃ phalabhūyastvam | vṛṣādityaṃ
vyākaroti
“prājāpatye'tha saumye'rke aindre jīvaniśākarau
pūrṇimā guruvāreṇa mahājyaiṣṭhī prakīrttitā
aindre śaśī surācāryyaścandre dhātari vā raviḥ
pūrṇimā jyeṣṭhamāsasya mahājyaiṣṭhī prakīrttitā ||”
saumyacandrapadābhyāṃ mṛgaśiro bhaṇyate | dhātā tu rohiṇī, candre
dhātari vā ravirityamavaklṛptidarśane vṛṣādityamātraṃ phalabhūyastvaprayojakaṃ brūte, mahattvantu jyeṣṭānakṣatre gurucandrayoravasthānamātreṇaiva,
prājāpatye ravistatheti ca tato'pi phalātirekārtham, anyathā
mahājyaiṣṭhayā bahutaraṃ lakṣaṇaṃ syāt | yadapi paṭhanti
“vṛścikastho yadā jīvo vṛṣasthaśca yadā raviḥ
pūrṇimā guruvāreṇa mahājyaiṣṭhī prakīrttitā ||”
pūrṇimā senduśakrastheti tṛtīyapadaṃ vacanāntare | tacca vṛścikapadaṃ
jyeṣṭhāparaṃ sarvvaikavākyatvāt | vṛṣapadaṃ phalabhūyastvārtham
yathā

77.p1.29

“māsākhyarkṣe candragurū tatpañcadaśake raviḥ
pūrṇimā jyaiṣṭhamāsasya mahacchabdānvitā tithiḥ
māsākhyarkṣe candragurū tatpañcadaśake raviḥ
pūrṇimā guruvāreṇa mahājyaiṣṭhī prakīrttitā ||”
atra tatpañcadaśake raviriti vivakṣāyāṃ jyeṣṭānakṣatrāccaturddaśatvādrohiṇyāstatrāditye na syāt | atha caturddaśe'pyāditye vā bhavati,
tadā pañcadaśakamaviśeṣakam | na ca tatphalabhūyastvārtham,
rohiṇyāmapi phalabhūyastvāt | tataḥ pañcadaśakaparyyante ravau na
ṣor̤aśake ārdrayāmapyetyarthaḥ
tathā
“aindre śaśī surācāryyo vṛṣe agne'thavā ravau
pūrṇimā guruvāreṇa mahājyaiṣṭhī prakīrttitā ||”
agne mithune, tenārdrākhye'pi ravau prasaktiḥ| tannirākaraṇārthaṃ pañcadaśakaparyyante bhavati, na ṣor̤aśaka iti tātparyyam, jyeṣṭhāta
ārdrāyāḥ ṣor̤aśakatvāt| na tu caturddaśakasya rohiṇīnakṣatrasyāpi nivṛttiḥ, tasya vidhānāt| yāni tu vacanāni
“aindre maitre yadā jīvastatpañcadaśake raviḥ
pūrṇimā śakracandreṇa mahājyaiṣṭhī tithyistadā
prājāpatye'tha saumye'rke aindre śaśī gurustathā
maitre vā pūrṇimāyuktā mahājyaiṣṭhī prakīrttitā
vṛścikasthe yadā jīvo nakṣatradvitaye bhavet
aindre śaśī mahājyaiṣṭhī vṛṣe yugme'thavā ravau||”
aindre maitre ca gurau yadi mahājyaiṣṭhī syāt tadā tatpañcadaśakaviśeṣaṇādanurādhākhye jīve rohiṇyāmeva ravau na mṛgaśirasi, jyeṣṭhāyāñca gurau mṛgaśirasyeva ravau na rohiṇyāmiti syāt, etacca
prājāpatye ravistatheti sarvvasammatavarāhavacanaṃ viruddham| tasmāttatpañcadaśake ravirityanenaivākulitatvāt mūlasya cānupalambhāt

77.p1.30

dvādaśabhirvvacanaiḥ aindrastha eva gurau mahājyaiṣṭhīpratipādanāt mahājyaiṣṭhīlakṣaṇasya ca bhedāpatteḥ tasya cānyāyyatvānnibandhṛbhiścālikhitatvāt paurṇamāsyantareṣu ca māsasaṃjñakanakṣatra eva gurucandrayormelakena mahattvadarśanādatrāpi tathā tvasyaiva yuktatvādityanākarāṇi
yadi punaḥ maitravacanānyākarasthānyeva tadā nāsti vacanasyātibhāra
iti nyāyāt sarvvaṃ pūrvvoktaṃ dūṣaṇamadūṣaṇameva, kintu guruvārastadā
na yojyaḥ| yaccāparaṃ vacanam
meṣapṛṣṭhe yadā sauriḥ siṃhe ca gurucandramāḥ
bhāskare śravaṇāmadhye mahāmāghīti sā smṛtā
“mahāmāghī prayāge tu naimiṣe phālgunī tathā
śālagrāme tathā caitrī kṛtāḥ syuśca mahāphalāḥ
gaṅgādvāre tu vaiśākhī jyaiṣṭhī tu puruṣottame
āṣār̤hī vai kanakhale kedāre śrāvaṇī tathā
mahābhādrī badaryāñca kubjāmreṣu mahāśvinī
puṣkare kārttikī ramyā kubje mārgaśīrṣī tathā
ayodhyāyāṃ mahāpauṣī kṛtāḥ syuśca mahāphalāḥ ||”
“paurṇamāsī vyatīpāto yadekṣetāṃ parasparam
tasmin kāle samau syātāṃ tau vyatīpāta eva saḥ ||”
“tatraiva candramāścaiva devācāryyastathaiva ca
vasati dvādaśābdānte tanmahattvaṃ titheḥ smṛtam
tithāvasyāntu yatpuṇyaṃ tīrtheṣvāyataneṣu ca
taddvādaśaguṇaṃ kṛtsnamṛṣibhiḥ parikīrttitam ||”
yacca viṣṇuvacanam “mārgaśīrṣe pañcadaśyāṃ mṛgaśiroyutāyāṃ cūrṇitalavaṇasya prasthamekam suvarṇatulābhamityādi” dvādaśapaurṇamāsīpratipādakam, tasmāt mannirṇayāvasare likhitam yoglokena
tu vaiśākhyāmiti śrīviṣṇuvacanasyādau paṭhitaṃ, tadanākaram
atha liṅgapurāṇam
“phālgune paurṇamāsyāñca sadā bālavilāsinī
jñeyā phālgunikī sā ca kāryā lokavibhūtaye ||”

77.p1.31

bālavajjanavilāsinyāmityarthaḥ
tathānyā api tithayo mahatyaḥ
“durgotthānasya navamī viṣṇūtthānasya dvādaśī
vahrisvāpasya ṣaṣṭhī ca mahatyo māghasaptamī ||”
pāścātyairmahāsaptamītyucyate
athāṣṭakāḥ
tatrāśvalāyanaḥ
“hemantaśiśirayoścaturṇāmaparapakṣāṇāmaṣṭamīṣvaṣṭakāḥ |”
hemantaśiśirayorityabhidhānāt sauramāsāśrayeṇāṣṭakāḥ kāryāḥ
yacca caturaṣṭako hemanta iti vacanam, tatra tu saṃvatsara iti
kṣattāvalambanena śiśirasyāpi hemantapadavācyatvāt
atha gobhilaḥ
“āgrahāyaṇyā ūrddhaṃ tisro'ṣṭakāḥ |”
etacca gobhiloktatvāt chandogānām
ataeva yadṛṣyaśṛṅgavacanam
“tisro'ṣṭakāstu karttavyāścaturthīntu na kārayet
adhimāseṣvāsurī syāttasyāṃ pitryarthakārayet ||”
tisṛbhyo'dhiko māsaścaturthastanmāsīyāñcaturthīmaṣṭakāṃ na kuryyādityarthaḥ | iti chandogasyopadeśaḥ | athavā caturthe māsyadhimāse
tatra caturthīmaṣṭakāṃ na kuryyādyatra tu kuryyādeva tisrastvaṣṭakāḥ,
satyapyadhimāse karttavyāḥ | ataeva pārvvaṇāgrayaṇāṣṭakā ityanutkarṣaḥ, prasavāho'ṣṭakādaya ityutkarṣa upapannaḥ
athānadhyayanaprakrame gotamaḥ
“kārttikī phālgunyāṣār̤hī paurṇamāsī tisro'ṣṭakāḥ,
trirātramanadhyāya ityanuṣajyate |”
trirātrañca pūrbvaparadinābhyāṃ saha
punastenaivoktam
“anyāmvike |”
eke bahvṛcādayaḥ | teṣāñcaturaṣṭakatvāt
tathāparapakṣasyāṣṭakāsu
“saṃkrānte bhāskare kanyāṃ kṛṣṇapakṣe viśiṣyate
aṣṭamī sāṣṭakā kāryyā śākenāpi na hāpayet ||”
tathā
“aṣṭakānyapi tatraiva pakṣe vai pañcamī smṛtā|” iti
athāmāvāsyāvivekaḥ
tatra hi śrāddhamuktaṃ manunā
“pitṛyajñantu nirvvartya viprānva bhakṣayet priyān

77.p1.32

piṇḍānvāhāryyakaṃ śrāddhaṃ kuryyānmāsānumāsikam||”
tatra brahmāṇḍapurāṇam
“amā vasetāmṛkṣe tu yadā candradivākarau
ekāṃ pañcadaśīrātrimamāvāsyā tatastu sā||”
ṛkṣe nakṣatre, na tu rāśau, caturdaśyāmapi tatsambhavāt| ekanakṣatranivāsaśca kṛṣṇāyāṃ pañcadaśyāmbhavatīti kṛṣṇatvamarthasiddham
rātrimityamāvāsyāparabhāga ucyate
amāśabdaṃ vyākaroti gobhilaḥ
“amāśabdaḥ sahārthe, saha vasataḥ sūryyācandramasāvasyāmityamāvasī|”
darśa lakṣaṇamāha brahmāṇḍapurāṇe
“vyucchidyetāmamāvāsyāṃ paśyatastau samāgatau
anyo'nyaṃ candrasūryyau tu yadā taddarśa ucyate||”
anyo'nyadarśanāddarśa ityarthaḥ
devīpurāṇe
“amā nāma rave raśmiḥ sūryyaloke pratiṣṭhitā
tasmāt somo vasettasyāmamāvāsī tataḥ smṛtā ||”
“sinīvālī kuhūścaiva śrutyukte'pi ca karmmaṇi
syātāñcette tu madhyāhne śrāddhādiḥ syāt kathantadā
tithikṣaye sinīvālī tithivṛddhau kuhūrmmatā
sāmye'pi ca kuhūrjñeyā vedavedāṅgavedibhiḥ ||”
“dṛṣṭacandrā sinīvālī naṣṭacandrā kuhūrmmatā
sinīvālī sadā pitrye daive ca satataṃ kuhūḥ ||”
iti ca pūrvvagrahaṇam | pracetasā vṛddhihrāsādinā vyavasthetyukte'pi
parasparavirodha ucyate | śrutyā tāvanna virodhaḥ | na hi sā
śrāddhe grāhyā paretyāha | tena devakāryyaviṣayatvaṃ śruterbhaviṣyati
tathā
“amā yā pratipadyuktā sarvvapāpaharā ca sā
candrasūryyagrahaistulyā snānadānajapādiṣu ||”
aviśeṣeṇa śrutiḥ kathaṃ smṛtyopasaṃñciyata iti cet na | ‘aparāhnaḥ pitṝṇāmiti’ śrutyaivopasaṃhārāt
etacchrutimūlameva vacanam
“yayāstameti savitā pitarastāmupāsate
tithyantebhyo'parāhno hi svayandattaḥ svayambhuvā ||”

77.p1.33

‘sinīvālī sadā pitrya’ ityādeścāyamarthaḥ | pratipadyuktāyāmaparāhnasyālābhe sinīvālī grāhyā | ubhayatra tu prāptau ‘yā
parā sāmāvāsyeti’ śrutiḥ | tithikṣaye sinīvālīti pūrvvadine
aparāhnasyāprāptiḥ, aparadine nāparāhve tiṣṭhatīti sā kṣīṇā,
tadā pūrvvaiva grāhyā | yadā ubhayatrāparāhvavyāpinī sā samā,
yadādhikamapi vyāpnoti tadā varddhamānā, ubhayatrāpi paraiva grāhyetyartha iti sarvvāvirodhaḥ | na punaraparāhvasyālābhe'pi vṛddhihrāsādinā vyavasthā, aparāhnabādhāpatteḥ
ataeva chandogapariśiṣṭe kātyāyanaḥ
“varddhamānāmamāvāsyāṃ laṅghayedapare'hani
yāmāṃstrīnadhikānvāpi pitṛyajñastato bhavet
pakṣādāveva kurvīta sadā pakṣādikañcarum
pūrvāhna eva kurvvanti viddhe'pyanye manīṣiṇaḥ ||”
“pratipattsvā tvamāvāsyā pūrvāhṇavyāpinī yadi
bhūtaviddhaiva sā kāryyā pitrye karmmaṇi sarvvadā ||”
“madhyāhnātparato yatra caturddaśyanuvarttate
sinīvālī tu sā jñeyā pitṛkāryyeṣvaniṣphalā ||”
“evaṃvidhā sinībālī niṣphalā na tu sarvvadā |”
“bhūtaviddhāmamāvāsyāṃ mohādajñānato'pi vā
śrāddhakarmmaṇi kurvvīran teṣāmāyuḥ prahīyate ||”
“yasyāṃ sandhyāgataḥ somo mṛṇālamiva dṛśyate
aparāhne cayastasyāṃ piṇḍānāṃ karaṇaṃ dhruvam ||”
etadāha gobhilaḥ
“yadahastveva candramā na dṛśyeta tāmamāvāsyāṃ kurvīta,
dṛśyamāne'pyekadā gatāddhā bhavatīti |”
ekadā paratrāparāhvaprāptau
tathāca śrutiḥ
“tadā bādha eva tanmāsi pitṛbhyo dadato yadaivaiṣa purastānna parastāddadṛśe athaitebhyo dadyādeṣa vai somo rājā
yaddevāmamannaṃ yaccandramāḥ sa etāṃ rātriṃ kṣīyate, tasmin

77.p1.34

kṣīṇe dadāti, athaitebhyo'sammadaṃ karoti ; atha yadakṣīṇe
dadyāt, sammadaṃ kuryyāt ; devebhyaśca pitṛbhyaśca tasmādyadaiṣa vai punaḥ purastānna parastāddadṛśe, athaitebhyo
dadāti |”
sammadaḥ saṅgrāmaḥ | caturdaśī kalā devabhogyā, pañcadaśī kalā
pitṛbhogyā | tena caturdaśīyuktāyā dāne devānāṃ pitṝṇāñca
saṅgrāmaḥ syāditi nindā ; aparadināmāvāsyā'parāhvavidhānādvā
yadā tu dinadvaye'pyaparāhlo na labhyate tadā nigamaḥ
“pūrvvāhne cedamāvāsyā nāparāhve bhavedyadi
pratipadyapi karttavyaṃ śrāddhaṃ śrāddhavido viduḥ ||”
pratipado'pi candrādarśanasyāviśeṣādamāvāsyātvam
tathāhi śrutiḥ
“dve paurṇamāsyau dve amāvāsye |” iti
pratipadapyamāvāsyaiva, tena tadaparāhve karttavyametat sāgnereva
tathāhi śrutiḥ
“amāvāsyāyāmaparāhne piṇḍapitṛyajñena carantīti |”
tathāca kātyāyanaḥ
“aparāhne piṇḍapitṛyajñaścāparāhne amāvāsyāyāñcandrādarśane piṇḍapitṛyajño vihitaḥ | tadanantarañca śrāddham |”
tadāha chandogapariśiṣṭaṃ kātyāyanaḥ
“piṇḍānvāhāryyakaṃ śrāddhaṃ kṣīṇe rājani śasyate
vāsarasya tṛtīyāṃśe nātisandhyāsamīpataḥ
yadā caturdaśīyāmaṃ turīyamanupūrayet
amāvāsyā kṣīyamāṇā tadaiva śrāddhamiṣyate
yaduktaṃ yadahastveva darśanannaiti candramāḥ
tat kṣayāpekṣayā jñeyaṃ, kṣīṇe rājani cetyapi ||”
pūrvvamasyārtho vyākhyātaḥ | tṛtīyāṃśa iti dinaṃ tridhā vibhajya
tṛtīyāṃśaḥ, sandhyāparyyantamevaṃ | anyathā ‘nātisandhyāsamīpataḥ’
ityaprasaktaparyyudāsānupapatteḥ | pūrvvāhnamadhyāhnāparāhnānāñca tulyo
bhāgaḥ | ataḥ sandhyāparyyantamevāparāhna iti siddhyati | piṇḍamanu

77.p1.35

piṇḍapitṛyajñamanvāṅgriyata iti, piṇḍānvāhāryyakaṃ śrāddhaṃ tena
sāgneraparāhne śrāddhavidhānam | niragnestu kathyate
“ādityasyodaye yatra amāvāsyānuvarttate
aparāhnaḥ sa vijñeyaḥ pitṝṇāṃ dattamakṣayam ||”
ambukena tu kathitam
“aruṇodayavelāyāmamāvāsyā yadā bhavet
sa kālaḥ paramo jñeyaḥ pitṝṇāndattamakṣayam ||”
udayaveloṅgamanavelā uṅgamanañcorddhagamanaṃ varddhamānatā sā cārddhadinaparyyantam
taduktaṃ vāmanapurāṇe
“udayādarddhamānaiśca madhyāhnaṃ bhāvayedraviḥ
tataḥ paraṃ hrasantīti jyotirastaṃ sa gacchati ||”
tataścārddhadināt pūrvvam | atrāhnaḥ pūrvvabhāge pūrvvāhnamātreṇāparāhna
ityarthaḥ | tena pūrvvāhnasyāpyaparāhnakāryyakāritayā tadrūpatvādaparāhnaḥ sa vijñeya iti jñāpayati | aparāhnānuvṛttyabhiprāyeṇa
etadvacanavarṇene'parāhnasya tadrūpatayā jñāpakasya ‘sa vijñeya’ iti
jñāpakānupapatteḥ
tathā baudhāyanaḥ
“ghaṭikaikāpyamāvāsyā pratipatsu na cettadā
bhūtaviddhāpi sā kāryyā daive pitrye ca karmaṇi ||”
ghaṭikaikā kāryyetyapi śabdena ghaṭikāyāmanādaraṃ darśayan
śrāddhādāvarddhapraharādiprāptiparatvaṃ jñāpayati | tena pratipaddinapūrvvāhne śrāddhayogyāmāvāsyākālaprāptau bhūtaviddhāmāvāsyāgrahaṇampādanaprāptau satyāmaparāhnādareṇa paradina eva śrāddhakriyāṃ darśayati
vyaktamāha pracetāḥ
“muhūrttamapyamāvāsyā pratipadyeva cedbhavet
taddānamuttamaṃ jñeyaṃ parvvaśeṣantu parvvavat ||”
dānaṃ pitṝn samuddiśya viprebhyo dadyāt pitṛbhyaḥ prayato manuṣya

First 35 of 79 passages. Read on

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