Kamasutra 5

Jayamaṅgalā 5

Language: Sanskrit

5.1

śatāyuriti | śatamāyurasyeti śatāyuḥ, śataśabdaḥ sāmānyavācyapi varṣagatasaṃkhyānamāha, vṛttau tathā'rthasya vivakṣitatvāt, kālavibhāgārthaṃ caitadaparicchinnāyuṣo vibhāgasambhavāt puruṣa iti prādhānyakhyāpanārtham, strīṇāṃ tu puruṣādhīnā trivargasevetyasvātantryam | vibhajya vakṣyamāṇeṇa nyāyena | anyonyānubaddhamiti | dharmādīnāmanyatamaṃ dvābhyāmekena vā'nubaddham | tadyathā-prajārthino dharmapatnyāmanabhipretāyāmṛtāvabhigamanaṃ dharmo'rthānubaddhaḥ, aprajārthino'bhipretāyāṃ patnyāmabhigamanaṃ dharmaḥ kāmānubaddhaḥ, apariṇītasya savarṇādanabhipretakanyālābho'rtho dharmānubaddhaḥ, pariṇītasyāsamavarṇādabhipretakanyālābho'rthaḥ kāmānubaddhaḥ, dharmapatnyāmabhipretāyāmṛtau kāmo dharmānubaddhaḥ, pariṇītasya niṣkiñcanasyādhamavarṇāyāmarthavatyāmabhipretāyāmadhigatāyāṃ kāmo'rthānubaddhaḥ, ityekānubaddhāḥ | apariṇītasya savarṇāyāmananyapūrvāyāmabhipretāyāṃ yathāvidhi saṃyogo dharmo'rthakāmānubaddhaḥ, tasyaivābhipretasavarṇakanyālābho'rtho dharmakāmānubaddhaḥ, tasyaivārtharūpavatyāṃ paraspararotkaṇṭhayodvāhitāyāṃ kāmo dharmārthānubaddhaḥ, iti dvayanubaddhāḥ | parasparasyānupaghātakamiti | yatrānubandhonāsti tatraikamitarayoranupaghātakam, ekānubandhe cānyasyānupaghātakaṃseveta | atrodāharaṇaṃ vakṣyāmaḥ |
4 ||

5.2

bālya iti | vayovibhāgastantrāntara uktaḥ'ā ṣoḍaśādbhaved bālo yāvatkṣīrānuvarttakaḥ | madhyamaḥ saptatiṃ yāvatparato vṛddha ucyate' || iti | vidyāgrahaṇamādiryeṣāmarthānāṃ tānseveteti |

5.3

kāmaṃ yauvane tadocitatvāt |

5.4

sthāvire dharmamokṣāvananubhūtaviṣayatvād, mokṣagrahaṇaṃ paramatāpekṣam , jñānavādināṃ caturvargaḥ puruṣārthaḥ, asminneva kāle tairapyādhyātmikaṃ cintyamiti | nanu trivargasya niyatakālatvādanyonyānubandho nāsti, tataścāsevanaprasaṅga iti ?nāyaṃ niyamaḥ, anubaddhatvābhāve niranubaddhatvamapyuktam , atha vā yathākālamahanyahani sevā pratiṣedhaparatvāddharmādiniyamasya, yathākālaṃ tu dharmādiṣu sevyamāneṣu yadyadā'nuṣaṅgāditarānubandho nāsti tataśca bhavatu na doṣāya |

5.5

anityatvāditi | varṣaśatādarvāgvināśadarśanāt | yathopapādamiti | yadyadopapadyate tat tadā seveta bālye'rthaṃ dharmamapi, yauvane kāmaṃ dharmārthāvapi, sthāvire dharmam arthakāmānuṣṭhānasāmarthyaṃ cettāvapīti | anyathaikasevāyāmasamagraḥ puruṣārthaḥ syāt | seveteti punarvacanaṃ pūrvasmātpakṣātpakṣāntarādarārtham |
asminpakṣe vidyāgrahaṇādyarthasya sevāyāḥ kālatraye'pi saṃbhavānniyamayati—

5.6

yāvadvidyā na gṛhyate tāvatkāmaṃ na seveta; anyathā hyadharmastadgrahaṇavighātataḥ; vidyā'rthalābhābhāvaśca, bhūmyādyarjane tu na niyamaḥ, anye tu vidyāgrahaṇavarjaṃ prāyeṇa bhūmyādyarjanaṃ na saṃbhavati; atastra yastriṃśadabdāścatvāraśca māsā iti pratyekaṃ vayo vibhajya yojayanti, asminvibhāge ṣoḍaśavarṣādūrdhvaṃ kāmasambhavād, bālye'pi dharmārthakāmānsevetetyuktamanuṣṭhānam |
avabodhasvarūpaṃ; yataśca parijñātaṃ tadubhayamapyāha—alaukikatvādityādinā |

5.7

tatra loke rūpādivdaviditasvarūpatvādalaukikā yajñādayaḥ | nanu viśiṣṭadravyaguṇakarmātmakatvāddiditasvarūpāḥ kathamalaukikāḥ ? ityata āha—adṛṣṭārthatvāditi, teṣāmanantaraṃ phalasyādarśanāt | ye'dṛṣṭaphalāḥ santo'laukikā na te prekṣāvadbhirdṛṣṭasāmarthyauṣadhivatpravartyantaityapravṛttāḥ, ādiśabdāttapaścaraṇādayaḥ, teṣāmapravṛttānāṃ śāstrātpravarttanaṃ dharma iti; ayaṃ pravṛttirūpo dharmaḥ | laukikatvād dṛṣṭārthatvāditi| ye dṛṣṭa tṛptyādiphalāḥ santo laukikāste tadarthibhirmṛgādimāṃsabhakṣaṇavatpravartyante; tasmātpravṛttebhyaśca māṃsabhakṣaṇādibhya ādiśabdātsaratvābhidrohaparasvādānādibhyaḥ śāstrādeva nivāraṇaṃ pratiṣedhanamiti; ayaṃ nivṛttirūpaḥ| kathamiva śāstraṃ pramāṇamiti ceduttaratra vakṣyati |

5.8

tamiti | uktasvarūpaṃ dharmam | śruteriti | smṛtyanugatādvedād, yo'dhikṛtaḥ śāstre, anadhikṛto vā dharmajñasamavāyāt=smṛtyarthatatsañcarasargādityarthaḥ, pratipadyeta=avabudhyeta |

5.9

vidyāḥ=ānvīkṣikyādayaḥ | bhūmiḥ=kṛṣṭā kṛṣyā vā | hiraṇyaṃ=suvarṇādi, paśuḥ=hastyaśvādiḥ, dhānyaṃ=pūrvamadhyāvaravāpaḥ,=bhāṇḍopaskaraṃ= gṛhopakaraṇaṃ lohakāṣṭhamṛdvidalacarmamayam, mitraṃ=sahapāṃśukīḍitādi, ādiśabdādvastrābharaṇādayaḥ | arjanaṃ dvividham -niṣpannānāṃ hastyādīnāṃ svīkaraṇam; aniṣpannānāṃ ca dhānyādīnāṃ niṣpādanam | arjitasyetyekavacanamekaikasya dravyasyārjanavardhanayorarthatattve dvāviti darśanārtham, anyathā samudāyasyaivārjanaṃ vardhanaṃ cārthaḥ syāt | vardhanamupāyaḥ | bhūmyādirarjitāvarjitaścārthā iti vaktavye; arjanavardhanagrahaṇaṃ śāstravyāpāradarśanārtham, tayoḥ śāstreṇopadiśyamānatvāt |

5.10

tamiti | arjanavardhanasvarūpam | adhyakṣāḥ pracarantyanenetyadhyakṣapracāraḥ=śāstram ; tasmācchāstre yo'dhikṛtaḥ, itaraśca vārtāsamayavidbhyaḥ kṛṣipāśupālyavāṇijyāditattvavidbhyaḥ, vaṇigbhya ityupalakṣaṇārtham, karṣakebhyo gavādikṣepakebhyaśca pratipadyeteti |
evam

5.11

tvagiti kāmendriyam, kāmo dvividhaḥ-sāmānyo; viśeṣaśca, tatra sāmānyamāha--ātmasaṃyuktena manaseti| ātmā samavāyikāraṇamḥ sukhaduḥkhecchādveṣaprayatnādiguṇānāṃ tatra samavāyāt, tatra yadā'sya prayatnaguṇa utpadyate tadā'yaṃ manasā saṃyujyate; mana indriyeṇa; ityanena krameṇādhiṣṭhitānām | sveṣu sveṣviti | yathākramaṃ śabdasparśarūparasagandheṣu | ānukūlyata iti | yadā''tmanaḥ śabdādīnāṃ buddhīndriyāṇāmānulomyena yā pravṛttiḥ, icchopagṛhītā śrotrādibuddhirityarthaḥ, sā viṣayopabhogasvabhāvāt kāma ityupacaryate, ātmā hi taddvāreṇa viṣayaṃbhuñjānaḥ sukhamanubhavati yattatsukhaṃ pradhānaṃ kāmaḥ, tasya nibandhanamicchopagṛhītā pravṛttiḥ, sā'pi kāma ityucyate, tasmāddhetuphalabhedātsāmānyakāmo dvividhaḥ | prātikūlyataḥ pravṛttistu duḥkhahetutvād dveṣa ityarthoktam |
viśeṣakāmo dvividhaḥ-pradhānam ; apradhānaṃ ca, tadubhayamapi darśayannāha -

5.12

sparśaviśeṣaviṣaye tviti | vākpāṇipādapāyūpasthāni=karmendriyāṇi; teṣāṃ vacanādānaviharaṇotsargānandakarmaniṣpādanāt, tatra strīpuṃsayoryadadho vyañjanaṃ saṃbādhakādi tanmātrasvabhāvaṃ tattvagindriyameva; tasya kaścideva pradeśaviśeṣa upasthendriyamucyate, yo visṛṣṭyavasthāyāmānandajaṃkarma janayati, tasya vyañjanasya yo'ntargataḥ sparśaḥ sa sparśaviśeṣaḥ; tasminviṣaye pratītira sāvarthapratītistvagindriyabuddhiḥ, asyāḥ saṃprayogecchālakṣaṇaḥ kāmitā''khyo bhāvaḥ kāraṇam | asyeti | stryātmanaḥ; puruṣātmanaśca, tatra stryātmanaḥ puruṣavyañjanasparśaviśeṣaviṣaye strīvyañjanatvagindriyapratītiḥ; puruṣātmanaśca strīvyañjanasparśaviśeṣaviṣaye puruṣavyañjanatvagindriyapratītirityarthaḥ | viśeṣadeśopagrahaṇātpuruṣayorukakṣādisparśanaviṣaye; striyāścāpadravyasparśaviṣaye pratītirnirastā, tasyā apradhānatvāt, evaṃvidhā pratītiḥ sāmānyakāma eva, kathaṃ viśeṣatvamiti ced ? āha-phalavatīti | tasyāṃ pratītau prabandhenotpadyamānāyāṃ śukrakṣaraṇena tattulyakālameva cānandākhyaṃ phalaṃ sukhamityuktam, tena yuktā śukrasparśaviśeṣaviṣaye viṣayaprītiraparā bhavati, tasyāśca pūrvikaiva pratītiraphalā kāraṇam, atoviṣayabhedātsvarūpabhedācca dvidhā pratītiḥ | arthapratītiriti | arthagrahaṇ‍ātsvapravyañjanasparśārthasyālīkatvātphalavatyapi na kāmaḥ, tasyā apradhānatvāt| yadyevaṃ viyonāvayonau vā'nabhiprete'rthapratītirevaṃvidhā'pyastītyataāha-ābhimānikasukhānuviddheti | ābhimānikaṃ cumbanādisukhaṃ vakṣyati | cumbananakhadaśanacchedyādiṣu hi tatra tatra sthāneṣu prayujyamāneṣu strīpuṃsayo rāgaḥ saṃkalpavaśātsukhamityabhimanyate, tena sukhena‍ānuviddhetyākṣiptasaṃskāre'rthapratītiḥ prādhānyātkāmaḥ, tena viyonāvayonau vā'nabhipretastrīpuṃsayoḥ phalavatyarthapratītirna kāmaḥ, ābhimānikasukhābhāvāt, ta smātspṛṣṭavyaviśeṣaviṣayo viśeṣaḥ kāmaḥ |

5.13

tamiti | uktasvarūpaṃ sāmānyaṃ viśeṣaṃ ca, pradhānamapradhānaṃ ca | kāmasūtrādasmādeva, śāstre'dhikṛto yaḥ, itaraśca nāgarikasamavāyātkāmavyavahārajñasaṃparkātpratipadyeteti |
evaṃ dharmādīni yugapatsevitumadhigantuṃ vā na saṃbhavantīti gauravalāghavamapi budhyetetyāha-

5.14

teṣāmapi samavāye saṃnipāte, tadupāyasaṃnidhānāt pūrvaḥ pūrva iti kāmādartho garīyān, kāmasyārthasādhyatvāt, tato'pi dharmaḥ arthasya dha rmasādhyatvāt |
nāyaṃ sarvavidhiviṣayakrama ityata āha—

5.15

arthastu rājño garīyān iti |

5.16

tanmūlakatvāditi | varṇāśramācāralakṣaṇā lokayātrā, sā mā bhūdanyatheti tasyāḥ pālanaṃ rājño dharmaḥ, tacca prabhuśaktau satyām, prabhuśaktiśca koṣadaṇḍabalam, te cārthata iti tanmūlā lokayātrā |

5.17

veśyāyāścārtho garīyān, arthanibandhanatvāttajjīvikāyāḥ | veśyā hi kāmāturabrāhmaṇābhipretanāgarikaviṣayau dharmakāmāvupagatau tyaktvā paścādgaviṣyata ityaniṣṭe'pyayamarthada iti pravartata iti |
trivargapratipattiranuṣṭhānāvabodhalakṣaṇoktetyarthaḥ | idānīṃ vipratipattipūrvikāṃ saṃpratipattiṃ darśayannāha—

5.18

dharmasyetyādi | kāmasūtra eva tadvipratipattiṃ darśayati—alaukikatvāditi, yathoktaṃ prāk, abhidhāyakaṃ jñāpakaṃ śāstram |

5.19

arthasiddheriti | arjanavardhanākhyā cārthasiddhiḥ |

5.20

anyathopāyaṃ vinā pravartamānasyārtho'pi na syāt, tatsaṃśayaśca |
tatra dharmārthamarthārthe ca śāstraṃ yuktam,kāmārthe tvayuktamityāha—

5.21

tiryagyoniṣvapīti | gavādiṣvapi tamobahuleṣu śāstropadeśaṃ vinā kāmaḥ pravartamāno dṛśyate, kiṃ punarmanuṣyeṣu rajobahuleṣu na pravartateti, tathā coktam— 'vinopadeśaṃ siddho hi kāmo'nākhyātaśikṣitaḥ | svakāntāramaṇopāye ko gururmṛgapakṣiṇāmiti || nityatvācceti | ātmani dravyapadārthe sadaivecchādveṣādayo guṇāḥ sthitāḥ, tataśca nityaḥ kāmaḥ | tathā coktam— 'mumukṣavo'pi sajjanti vira‍āgādrāgapūrvakāt | viṣayecchā'nuvarttinyo nisargātprāṇināṃ dhiyaḥ' ||
atra saṃpratipattimāha—

5.22

samprayogaparādhīnatvāditi | viśeṣaḥ sāmānyo vā kāmaḥ samprayogaparādhīnaḥ, samprayogaśca dvividhaḥ-āyatanasamprayogo'ṅgasamprayogaśca | tatrāyatanaṃ kāmasya stryadhiṣṭhānam , aṅgāni ca mālyādīni | tathā coktam— 'sukhaṃ kāmastadaṅgāni bhūṣaṇālepanasrajaḥ | tathopavanaharmyañca vallakīmadirā''dayaḥ || asyāyatanamudvāmarūpayauvanavibhramāḥ | lalanāścāṭudākṣiṇyāścākṛṣṭajanamānasāḥ' || iti | tatrāyatate yaḥ samprayogaḥ sa āyatanasamprayogaḥ, sa ca dvividhaḥ bāhya ābhyantaraśca, tatra yo rahasi sa ābhyantaro ratākhyaḥ, sa viśeṣakāmasya nimittam, bāhyaḥ samāgamalakṣaṇo ratasya, yaśca buddhīndriyāṇāṃ yathāsvamaṅgaiḥ samprayogaḥ so'ṅgasamprayoga iti indriyārthasaṃnikarṣalakṣaṇaḥ sa ca sāmānyakāmasya nimittam ; anayośca kāmayoryathāsvaṃ pūrvoktamevecchā kāraṇam tatpūrvakatvāt, tadabhāve'bhāvāt | tatrādyaḥ samprayogaḥ samāgamalakṣaṇaḥ, sa strīpuṃsayoranyatarānicchayā rakṣaṇāla़jjayā bhayādvā paratantrāyāṃ na ghaṭata ityatrāyamupāyamapekṣate; ratākhyaśca pāścāttyaścatuḥṣaṣṭiprayogānabhijñayoḥ kathaṃ syāditi tamupāyam ; dvitīyo'pi samprayogo nityanaimittikanāgarikavṛttaṃ vinā na bhavatītyupāyāpekṣā 22||

5.23

upāyaparijñānaṃ ca kāmasūtrāt , tenopadiśyamānatvāt | vātsyāyanaiti svagotranimittā samākhyā, mallanāga iti ca sāṃskārikī |
gavādiṣu kathamiti cettadāha —

5.24

punaḥśabdo viśeṣaṇārthaḥ | anāvṛtatvāditi | rakṣaṇādyāvaraṇābhāvāt strījātiḥ svatantrā; kiṃ tatropāyenetyanupāyaḥ pratyaya iti sambandhaḥ | pratyayaśabdenobhayarūpo'pi samprayoga uktaḥ; tasya kāmotpattau nimittatvāt, tatrāvaraṇābhāvādācāryoktopāyaśūnyaḥ samāgama ityarthaḥ | ṛtau yāvadarthamiti | ṛtukāla eva te tiryañcaḥ samprayujyante, manuṣyāstu prajārthamṛtau, strīramaṇārthaṃ cānṛtāvapītyasamānam , tathā coktam—'ṛtāvupeyātsarvatra vā pratiṣiddhavarjam' iti, tatrāpi yāvadarthaṃyāvadeva tṛptilakṣaṇo'rtho niṣpadyate tāvadeva samprayujyante; na tu dvitīyaṃsamprayogamapekṣante-kimasya tṛptirbhūnna vā ? iti, tasmādasamānārthatvādanupāyapratyaya ābhyantarasamprayogaḥ, tatra samānārthatālakṣaṇaṃ prema strīrakṣaṇopāyo nāstīti, manuṣyeṣvevamiti ced ? ata evāsyopadeśaḥ, anyathā tayā samānārthattvādanupāyaḥ, tadgatyāḥ puruṣāntaragamane na kaścitpuruṣārtho'sya syāt, tathā coktam— 'bhajate saṃbhṛtapremā paraṃ cedasya kāminī | naṣṭe dharme hate vṛtte sukhaṃ dūre hataṃ kulam' || tasmātsamānārthatājanyameva prema strīrakṣaṇopāyaḥ, yacca strīrakṣaṇārthaṃmanuproktamasukumāratvasādhanārthaṃ kuṭṭanādi gṛhakarma tadupāyodvegajananādnupāya eva, tathā coktam— 'karmāpyasukumārāṇi rakṣaṇārthe'vadanmanuḥ | tāsāṃ sraja ivodhāmagajālāneopasaṃhitāḥ || asati premṇi tatsarvamityācāryā vyavasthitāḥ | samānārthatayā tacca na śāstreṇopadiśyate || iti, abuddhipūrvakatvāditi | dharmo'rthaḥ putrāḥ sambandhaḥ pakṣavṛddhiḥ syādityevaṃ buddhipūrvakaṃ na pravartante; kevalaṃ paśudharmamātreṇetyanupāyapratyaya ābhyantarasaṃprayogaḥ; anubandhopāyarahitatvāt, tasmād daivaraktāḥ kiṃśukā iti kiṃtiryagyoniṣu śāstrapraṇayanena, anukūleṣu vā puruṣeṣu, itaratra tu viparyayeṇa sa upāyapratyaya iti yuktaṃ śāstrapraṇayanam |
dharme vipratipattimāha —

5.26

eṣyatphalatvāditi | yajñādayo naihalaukikāḥ janmāntaraphalā uktāḥ, hastagatadravyatyāge na prekṣāvātsamīhate kiṃ svihaiva kṛṣyādiphalaṃ niṣpādyopabhuṅkte na paramparāmapekṣate |

5.27

sāṃśayikatvācca bhaviṣyataḥ phalasyeti | upaskāratastapaścaryākleśādarthakṣayācca niṣpādite'pi yajñādau tataḥ kiṃ svargādiphalaṃ syānna veti ? sandigdham , kāraṇānāṃ kāryotpādananiyamādarśanāt(1) sandigdhe ca ko'saṃśayitārthatyāgena pravarteta iti hetudvayam |
tatra prathamasya lokaprasiddhimāha--

5.28

ko hīti | abāliśaḥ=prekṣāvān yathā kaścitsvahastagataṃ dravyaṃ parahastīkṛtaṃ kāryakāle svayaṃ gatvā sādhyaṃ hāritaṃ bhakṣitaṃ vo'nena syāditi na viprakṛṣṭaṃ karoti, tathā janmāntare bhokṣye'hamiti yajñādiṣu niyojya; viprakṛṣṭaṃ kaḥ kuryād naitatsyād |
iha dravyaṃ sādhyaphalaṃ tāvanmātrakaṃ tāvatkālaṃ vā'mutra viparītamityāha--

5.29

varamadyeti | yathā pakṣimāṃsārthino mahataḥ śvo mayūralābhādadya kapotalābho'pi garīyāṃstadvadihāpīti |
dvitīyasya lokaprasiddhimāha--

5.30

varamiti | gṛhāṇa kārṣāpaṇaṃ, no ceddeṣyati me'dya hemaśataṃ tato niṣkaṃdāsyāmīti, tatra pratyupasthitakāryasyāsaṃdigdhaṃ svalpo'pi kārṣāpaṇo garīyān saṃdigdhaniṣkāt | laukāyatikrā iti lokāyatamadhīyate ye (2) ukthādipāṭhāṭṭhakpratyayaḥ |
tatra sampratipattimāha--

5.31

śāstrasyeti | dharmasyālaukikatvāttadabhidhāyakaṃ śāstraṃ yuktam, tacchāstraṃ pauruṣeyamapauruṣeyaṃ ca, tatra pūrvamabhiśaṅkanīyaṃ-“kimidaṃ satyaṃ mithyā ve”ti puruṣā hi rāgādibhiravidyayā copaplutā vitathamapi bruvanti, apauruṣeyaṃ ca vedākhyaṃ puruṣasambandhābhāvādaduṣṭamanabhiśaṅkanīyam, yathoktam-'doṣāḥ santi na santīti pauruṣeyasya yujyate | vede karturabhāvāttu doṣaśaṅkava nāsti naḥ|' iti, apauruṣeyatvasādhanamanya(1)troktamiti nehopanyastaṃ granthagauravabhayāt, tasmādanabhiśaṅkyatvāt taccodite'rthe na saṃśayīteti cared dharmāniti sambandhaḥ, tena saṃśayitatvādityetadasiddham abhicāraḥ=hiṃsā''tmakaṃ karma, anuvyāhāraḥ=śāntikapauṣṭikaṃ, tayoścoditayoḥ, abhicarañśyenena yajete'tyādinā yatra prayujyate tatra hiṃsāśāntipuṣṭiphaladarśanāccheṣasyāpyagnihotrādeḥ svargādi phalaṃ bhaviṣyatīti careddharmān nahyapauruṣeyatvenābhinnayorvitathāvitathatvabhedo yujyate vitathatve cetarasyāpi vitathatvaprasaṅgāt, adṛṣṭasādhanamāha-nakṣatreti | nakṣatrāṇyaśvinyādīni candrasūryau prasiddhau tārāgrahā aṅgārakādayaḥ pañca teṣāṃ cakramiva cakraṃ saṃniveśaviśeṣo dvādaśarāśivibhaktaṃ tasya; lokārthaṃ nātmārtham, buddhipūrvakamiveti | buddhipūrvakasyeva, yathā kaścitpuruṣo buddhipūrvaṃ pravartate tadvadevaite sūryādayo nakṣatreṇa yujyamānā anyathā'nyathā pravarttamānā dṛśyante na ca tathaivetīvārthaḥ, tathā hyeṣāṃ na 'lokasyedaṃ kariṣyāmaḥ'iti pravṛttiḥ, sā ca śāstrāntare bahuprakāroktā, darśanāditivacanātpratyakṣapramāṇasiddheti darśayati, tasyāṃ ca pravṛttau lokasya śubhāśubhātmakaṃ phalaṃ dvividham-sādhāraṇamasādhāraṇaṃ ca, tatra sādhāraṇaṃ subhikṣadurbhikṣādi tacca grahacāre draṣṭavyam, asādhāraṇaṃ tu pratisattvaṃ pratiniyataṃ lābhālābhasukhaduḥkhādi, tacca jātake draṣṭavyam, saiva dvidhā pravṛttiḥ kāraṇāntaramadṛṣṭaṃ gamayati, tacca lokasya śubhāśubhātmakarmaṇaḥ; anyathaiṣāmekarūpāṇāṃ kāraṇāntaranirapekṣāṇāṃ sadāpravṛttirapravṛttirvā syāt, kālāniyama iti cet ? so'pi kāraṇanirapekṣaḥ
sarvadā syāt, tasmādasti tatpravartakamadṛṣṭamiti cared dharmān, uktaṃ ca-‘nakṣatragrahapañjaramaharniśaṃ lokakarmavikṣiptam | bhramati śubhāśubhamakhilaṃ prakāśayat pūrvajanmakṛtam || iti, varṇāśrameti | varṇāḥ=brāhmaṇādayaḥ, āśramāḥ=brahmacaryagārhasthyādayaḥ, teṣāmācāraḥ svadharmaḥ tasya sthitirvyavasthā saiva lakṣaṇaṃ yasyā lokayātrāyāḥ, sā laukāyatikairmā bhūdvyavasthāyāṃ mātsyo nyāya iti dṛṣṭārthaṃvarṇitā, ‘saṃvaraṇamātraṃ hi trayī lokayātrāvid’iti; tāṃ ca lokaviśvāsanārthamācaradbhiḥ kathaṃ nācarito dharmaḥ, dṛṣṭārthaśca yadyadṛṣṭārtho'pi syātkovirodhaḥ, etena ‘na dharmāṃścared’ iti pratijñāyā abhyupagamabādhāṃ darśayati, yaccoktam-“eṣyatphalatvā”diti tad dṛṣṭe'pyastīti darśayannāha-hastagatasyeti | tulye bhaviṣyatphalatve sati; naikatra pravṛttiranyatra niṣedha iti yuktiyuktam, na kadā cittatra dṛṣṭamiti cet ? kathaṃ tarhi lokavaicitryam, na hi sarvatra samānād dṛṣṭātkaraṇādaiśvaryādiphalalābhaḥ, nāpi svābhāvikaṃkarma; sadā siddhayasiddhiprasaṅgāt |
arthavipratipattimāha-

5.32

nārthāniti | upāyātklārthasiddhiḥ, upāyānuṣṭhānaṃ ca yatnastannānutiṣṭhedityarthaḥ |

5.33

na cānvayavyatirekānuvidhānādarthasiddheḥ, yaṃdāha- prayatnata iti | prayatnenāvarjyamānā naiva kadā citsyurityarthoktam , yadā syustadā kālasaṃnidhānāditi manyante; anuṣṭhīyamānāḥ prayatnenetyarthaḥ |

5.34

yadṛcchayeti | evameva syuḥ, akasmānnidhānādidarśanāt ; tasmādupāyaparijñānārthakam |
kiṃkṛtaṃ tarhyetad ? ityāha-

5.35

tatsarvamiti | arthasya bhavanamabhavanaṃ, lokasyeṣṭamaniṣṭaṃ kālakāritamiti; kālo nāma dravyapadārtho nityaḥ tena kāritamiti-prayojakavyāpāreṇa puruṣasya parāyattatāmāha |
tadeva darśayannāha-

5.36

kāla eveti| heyopādeyāḥ ṣaṭpadārthā lābhālābhā(1)dayaḥ; teṣu kālaeva pravartayati, na tyāgopādānārthaṃ svayaṃ yatnamātiṣṭhedityarthaḥ |
lokaprasiddhimāha-

5.37

kāleneti | indraḥ kṛtaḥ, heyaprakṛtiko'pyasuratvādanarho'pi śakrapade preritaḥ sthāpitaḥ | vyavaropita iti | parivartamānena tasmātpadādapanīya pātāle niyojitaḥ | punarapyenaṃ karteti | viparivartiṣyamāṇaḥ prerayannindraṃ kariṣyatītyarthaḥ, tathā cāhuḥ'kālaḥ pacati bhūtāni kālaḥ saṃharati prajāḥ | kālaḥ supteṣu jāgarti kālo hi duratikramaḥ || iti, kālakāraṇikā ye kālakāraṇamadhīyate, aiśvarakāraṇikā apyevameva draṣṭavyāḥ, tulyayogakṣematvāt |
atra saṃpratipattimāha-

5.38

puruṣakārapūrvakatvāditi | kālādupāyato vā'rthasiddhau tadarthino yāḥ pravṛttayastāḥ sarvāḥ puruṣakārapūrvikā dṛṣṭāḥ, ubhayatrāpi puruṣakārasya vyāpriyamāṇatvāt puruṣakāraścopāyaṃ vinā nārthaṃ sādhayatītyupāyaḥ pratyayaḥ, kāraṇamarthasiddherityarthaḥ, yathaiva hi puruṣakāro'rthasiddhau kālamapekṣate tathā hi śaktideśasādhanānyupāyāḥ, teṣu sarveṣvasatsu kālasyā kiṃcitkaratvād asati kāle teṣāmasāmarthyāt tasmācchaktideśakālasādhanāni parasparāpekṣāṇi kāryasya sādhakānīti nānya evopāyaḥ, tatra śaktyādiṣu puruṣakārārthasiddheranuguṇeṣu tvavaśyameva siddhiḥ |
kadā citsyādyādṛcchikī kasya cidarthasiddhiḥ sā'pi yādṛcchikamevopāyamāśritya; tadāha-

5.39

avaśyamiti | yataścaivaṃ tasmānniṣkarmaṇa upāyānuṣṭhānarahitasya bhadraṃkalyāṇam pūrvajanmakṛtaṃ karma niṣphalaṃ prasajyeteti ced ? na-parasparāpekṣamubhayaṃ bhavatīti draṣṭavyam | yathoktam-'daivaṃ mānuṣaṃ karma lokaṃ pālayati' etena daivamātrapravādo'pi pratyuktaḥ |
pratyakṣaṃ kāmavipratipattimāha—

5.40

na kāmāniti |

5.41

pradhānayoriti | tābhyāṃ kāmotpatteḥ, pratyanīkatvāditi | kāmāsaktatayā dharmasyānācaraṇād, dharmavilomācaraṇācca, arthasyānarjanād; arjitasya 'madyanaṭanartakī naṭī pāritoṣikāsadvyayādvirodhavartī kāmaḥ | satāmiti | jñānavṛddhāstapovṛddhāḥ santaḥ komāsaktiṃ tyajanti teṣāṃ ca pratyanīkavartino'narthajanakanaṭanartakagāyanādayastaiḥ samparkaṃ janayanti, asadvyavasāyamaśobhanavyavasāyaṃ niśīthābhisaraṇaprākāralaṅghanādikam, aśaucaṃ= yathoktaśaucākaraṇam , anāyatimaprabhāvaṃ kāmagardabha iti |

5.42

tathā pramādaṃ śarīropaghātaṃ paradārādigamanādau; lāghavaṃ tāralyaṃ sahasā pravartanād; apratyayamaviśvāsamasatsaṅgamād , agrāhyatāṃ heyatāmapūjyavṛttitvāt |

5.43

bahavo'neke kāmāyattā vinaṣṭā iti sambandhaḥ, sagaṇā na kevalaṃsevitāraḥ, tatparivārā apītyarthaḥ |
tathā ca dṛḍhīkaraṇārthamākhyānakam—

5.44

dāṇḍakya iti saṃjñā, bhoja iti bhojavaṃśajaḥ, abhimanyamāno'bhigacchan , sa hi mṛgayāṃ gato bhārgavakanyāmāśramapade dṛṣṭvā jātarāgo rathamāropya jahāra, tato bhārgavaḥ samitkuśānādāyāgatya tāmapaśyannabhidhyāya; ca yathāvṛttaṃ rājānamabhiśaśāpa, tato'sau sabandhurāṣṭraḥ pāṃsuvarṣeṇāvaṣṭabdho nanāśa, tatsthānamadyāpi daṇḍakāraṇyamiti gīyate |

5.45

devarāja indro'halyāmabhimanyamāna ityeva, sa hi gautamāśrame tadbhāryāmahalyāṃ cakame, tataḥ samitkuśānādāyāgate gautame tadbhāryā'halyā śakraṃ garbhasthamakarot ; taddevopanimantraṇena gautamaḥ sabhārya evāśramāntaraṃgataḥ, tatastena yogacakṣuṣā samupalabdhenendrāgamanenāsmai samupasthāpitamāsanatrayaṃ dṛṣṭvā cāsau “kimetadbhāryādvitīyasya mame”ti jātāśaṅko dhyānena yathāvṛttamālokya roṣāt “sahasrabhago bhave”ti śaśāpa, tato'sau devarājo'pi kāmādvināśaprakhyāṃ tādṛśīmavasthāmāsasāda, yasyādyāpi kalaṅko “'halyāyai jāra” iti nāstameti| atibalaḥ nāgasahasrabalatvāt, so'pi kāmād draupadīmabhilaṣanbhīmasenena hata iti pratītametad, vinaśyanto dṛśyanta ityatra pratyakṣaṃ pramāṇaṃ; kiṃ tatra pūrvavṛttodāharaṇeneti manyante|
atra saṃpratipattimāha —

5.46

āhārasadharmāṇa iti | āhāratulyāḥ, yathā''hāro'jīrṇādidoṣaṃ janayannapi pratidinaṃ śarīrasthitaye sevyate, tathā kāmo'pi, anyathā rāgodrekādunmādādidoṣeṇa na śarīrasthitiriti |

5.47

phalabhūtāśca dharmārthayoriti | sukhārthaṃ dharmārthayoḥ sevā, tadasevāyāṃtau bandhyabhūtau kevalamāyā saphalo syātām, tathā coktam— ‘dharmamūlaḥ smṛtaḥ svargastatrāpi paramāḥ striyaḥ | gṛhasthadharmā durvāro narāṇāṃ dharmayatnajaḥ || hitāścāpatyasaṃtānaiḥ striyastviha paratra ca | paraṃ sampratyayo bhogaprakarṣārthāya vai striyaḥ’ || iti |
yadyevaṃ tarhi doṣaprasaṅgaḥ ? ityata āha—

5.48

boddhavyamiti | ajīrṇādidoṣeṣviva boddhavyam | pratividhānamiti śeṣaḥ | idamāha—yatra kva cana doṣaprāptiravaśyaṃ sevyaśca kāmastaṃ doṣa pratividhānena seveteti, ayaṃ ca nyāyo lokeṣvapyastīti darśayati-na hītyādinā, tathā coktam — ‘tṛṇānāmiva hi vyarthaṃ nṛṇāṃ janma sukhadviṣām | doṣāstu parihartavyā ityācāryaiḥ sthirīkṛtam || iti |

5.49

evamiti | yathoktena nyāyena pratiṣṭhāpitācaraṇamarthaṃ prāgācaret, tato'dhigatārthaḥ kāmaṃ dharmaṃ ca | ihāmutra ceti | iha loke paraloke ca, niḥśalyaṃ sukhamaśnuta iti | anutāpābhāvāt "samagro me puruṣārtha" iti manaḥprītimavāpnotītyarthaḥ | trivargaṃ hyasevamānaśca tāvadiha loke; naihikaṃsukhamavāptamiti vipratīkāraṃ durantaṃ; kāmānubandhanād, nāpi paraloke; na mayā mūḍhena prākkṛtamavadātaṃ karmeti dharmānuṣaktatvāt, nāstikā nirī hakāḥ sukhadviṣastvekāṅgavikalatvātsaśalyamavāpnuvantīti manyate |
'paraspasyānupaghātakamanyonyānubaddham' ityuktam, tasyaiva saṃgrahaḥ ślokadvayena-

5.50

kiṃ syāditi | upaghātaḥ pūrveṇottarasyaṃ, uttareṇa vā pūrvamya | tatra yasminkārye'rtho'pi sādhayiṣyate yastatra kiṃ syādapāyo'napāyo vetyāśaṅkā nāsti, dharmābādhanād, yacca sukhaṃ nārthaṃ hanti tasminnarthe sukhe ca śiṣṭāstrivargavidaḥ sthitā anuṣṭhātum, pūrvabādhake tu na sthitāḥ, yastu dānena dharmo'rthaṃ bādhate, brahmacaryeṇa ca vidyāgrahaṇamarthaḥ kāmaṃ, tasminnuttarabādhake sthitā ityarthoktam, tathā cāhuḥ-

5.51

trivargasādhakamiti | dharmādīnāṃ yadanyatamaṃ kāryamanuṣṭheyamātmana itarayostu sādhakaṃ tatkurvīta, ayamuttamaḥ pakṣo hyanubandhe'ntarbhūtaḥ | dvayorvaikasyeti | trayāṇāṃ yad dvayorātmana itarasya ca sādhakaṃ tadapi kurvīteti, ayaṃ madhyamaḥ pakṣa ekānubandhe'ntarbhūtaḥ, etadubhayamapi prāgudāhṛtam | yadekasyātmana eva sādhakaṃ tadapi kurvīteti | ayaṃ jaghanyo niranubandhe'ntarbhūtaḥ | tadyathā-pañcānāṃ mahāyajñānāṃ pravarttanaṃ dharmo niranubandhaḥ | bhūmyādyarjanamartho niranubandhaḥ, paricārikāyāmabhipretāyāṃ kāmo niranubandhaḥ | asminpakṣe parasparasyānupaghātakaṃ pradarśayannāha—na tvekārthaṃdvibādhakamiti | eka ātmaivārthaḥ prayojanaṃ yasya tadekārthaṃ dvayorbādhakaṃna kuryād, atidānena dharmo'rthaṃ bādhate kāmaṃ ca bādhate, tapasā cātyantasevitena kāmaṃ bādhitvā śarīrakṣayādarthamupahanti, tathā'rthastāvadātyantikaupādīyamānaḥ purūravasa iva dharmakāmau bādhate, kāmastūttamavarṇāsu dāṇḍakyasyevāmyatra vā'tyāsevita ubhayaṃ bādhate, yadekasya sādhakamanyasya bādhakaṃ tatpūrvottarabādhāpekṣayā kuryāt , tacca yathoktaṃ prāgiti |
iti śrīvātsyāyanīyakāmasūtraṭīkāyāṃ yaśodhararacitāyāṃ jayamaṅgalāyāṃ sādhāraṇe prathame'dhikaraṇe trivargapratipattirdvitīyo'dhyāyaḥ |

Linked texts (1)

Kāmasūtra — Vātsyāyana Mallanāga, Sanskrit