Maitri (Maitrāyaṇīya) Upaniṣad 3
Maitryupaniṣaddīpikā (Rāmatīrtha) 3
- Language
- Sanskrit
Contents
- 3.1 — 5 parts
3.1.1
atha tṛtīyaḥ prapāṭhakaḥ | nityaśuddha evātmā triguṇopādhipraviṣṭa ṛtabhuk saṃsārītyuktamupaśrutyaitadasaṃbhāvayanto vālakhilyāḥ papracchurityāha | te hocu 0 paribhramati” iti | te vālakhilyāḥ ha kila ūcuḥ, kiṃ, he bhagavan ! yadyevamasyātmano mahimānaṃ tvaṃ sūcayasi nityaśuddha ityādikaṃ tarhyevaṃvidhasya ṛtabhuktāsambhavādanyo vāsmāt paro vilakṣaṇaḥ vāśabdaḥ sambhāvanāyām | tameva praśnapūrvakaṃ viśadayati, koyamātmākhya iti | jīvākhya ityarthaḥ | yo'yaṃ prasiddho'hamasmīti sitādikarmaphalairabhibhūyamānaḥ lipyamānaḥ, sadyonirbrāhmaṇādiyoniḥ asadyoniḥ śvaśūkarādiyoniḥ tāmāpadyate ātmalenābhipadyate ityevaṃprakāreṇāvāṃcā avācī ūrddhā vā tattajjanmakarmānurūpā gatiḥ phalaprāptiryato'to dvandvaiḥ śītoṣṇamānāpamānasukhaduḥkhādibhirabhibhūyamānaḥ paribhramatīti prasiddhaṃ śāstrānubhavasāriṇāmityarthaḥ | ataekasya(2) viruddhadharmasaṃsargavirodhādanyo vā kasmāt saṃsāryātmā na bhavediti manyāmaha ityabhiprāyaḥ |
3.1.2
yadyekasya viruddhadharmasaṃsargavirodhādṛtabhuganyaḥ syāditi manyadhve tarhyastyanya ṛtabhuk saṃsārī yo dvandvairabhibhūyate iti tāvad gṛhṇītetyuttaramāha prajāpatiḥ “asti 0 upavyākhyānaṃ” iti | yo'yaṃ sitāsitairityādi paribhramatītyantenoktaḥ sa nityaśuddhatvādilakṣaṇādātmano'paro'nyo'sti ko'sau bhūtātmā bhūtābhedenopalabhyamāna ityarthaḥ | ko'yaṃ bhūtātmeti tatrāha tasyopavyākhyānaṃ, tasya bhūtātmanaḥ spaṣṭavyākhyānaṃ prapañcanaṃ, śṛṇuteti śeṣaḥ | “pañcatanmātrā 0 bhūtātmetyuktaṃ” iti | śabdasparśarūparasagandhāḥ sūkṣmāḥ pañcatanmātrākhyāḥ avyākṛtākhyādavidyāśabalitādātmanaḥ sakāśāt krameṇa jātā bhūtaśabdenāpañcīkṛtapañcamahābhūtaśabdenocyante vedānteṣu | athānantarametānyeva parasparānupraveśena pañcīkṛtāni guṇaguṇibhāvena pariṇamya sthitāni pañcamahābhūtāni bhūtaśabdenocyanta ityarthaḥ | athaivaṃ sati teṣāmubhayavidhabhūtānāṃ yat samudayaṃ yaḥ samudāyaḥ pariṇāmaviśeṣastaccharīramityuktaṃ vedānteṣviti yojyam | prāṇendriyāntaḥkaraṇasahitasūkṣmabhūtasamudāyo liṅgaśarīraṃ, pañcīkṛtapañcamahābhūtasamudāyaḥ sthūlaṃ śarīramityuktamiti vibhāgaḥ | evaṃ bhūta-
3.1.3
śabdāthaṃ sakāryamuktā''tmaśabdāthaṃmāhātheti| athaivaṃ sampanne śarīradvayātmanā bhūtajāte tasmiñcharīre yo ha khalu vāva ya eva ha sphuṭaṃ khalu niścaye vāvā'haṃ mameti rathileva vyavahartetyuktaṃ pūrvaṃ sa bhūtātmetyuktaṃ vedānteṣvityarthaḥ | tathāca vedāntāḥ ['tasmādvā etasmādātmana ākāśaḥ sambhūtaḥ, ] ityādinā sṛṣṭimuktā ['tat sṛṣṭvā tadevānuprāviśat tadanupraviśya sacva tyaccābhavat'] (taitti0 u0 ) ityādikāḥ | tathā 'tattejo'sṛjata' ityādinā bhūtasūkṣmasṛṣṭiṃ prakramya ['seyaṃ daivataikṣata hantāhamimāstisro devatā anena jīvenātmanānupraviśya nāmarūpe vyākaravāṇi tāsāṃ trivṛtaṃ trivṛtamekaikāṃ karavāṇi'] (chāndo0 u0 śra0 6) iti, tathā ['ātmā vā idameka evāgra āsīnnānyat kiñcana miṣatsaīkṣata lokānnu sṛjā iti sa imāṃllokānasṛjata'] ityupakramya śeṣe ['sa etameva sīmānaṃ vidāryaitayā dvārā prāpadyata'] (aita0u0) iti | evaṃ tatra tatra ['sa eṣa iha praviṣṭa ānakhāgrebhyaḥ' ] ityādi śrutayaḥ santi śataśaḥ, ihāpi purastādetaduktaṃ 'prajāpatirvā eko'gre'ti-
3.1.4
ṣṭhat’ ityārabhya ‘sa vāyurivātmānaṃ kṛtvābhyantaraṃ prāviśat’ iti | etadeva punaḥ spaṣṭīkariṣyate | tathāca cidātmaiva bhūtasaṅghātamanupraviṣṭo bhūtābhedena gṛhyamāṇa upādhipradhānatvādbhūtātmeti cidātmano bhedena vyapadiśyate cidātmā copādhibhyo vivicya vedānteṣvātmā brahma cinmātraṃ prajñānaghana ityādigrabdairbhūtātmano bhedena vyapadiśyate tadevamasyasyaivātmana aupādhiko bheda iti saṃsāryasaṃsāribhedavyavahāro'nādyavidyānibandhana upapadyata iti prakaraṇārthaḥ | idānīṃ cidātmana eva bhūtātmatvaṃ cidātmasvabhāvānupamardeneti vyutpādayati “athāmṛto'syātmā • guṇairiti” iti | athaivamapyasya bhūtātmano'pyamṛto 'vikāraḥ kūṭastha ātmā svarūpaṃ puṣkare padmapatre'bbinduriva nīrabinduriva tatsaṃśleṣarahito'pi sa vai eṣa ātmā prākṛtairguṇaiḥ prakṛtivikāraiḥ sābhāsamāyāvikārarūpadehadvayalakṣaṇairabhimānagṛhītairabhibhūtastiraskṛtasvabhāvāvabhāsa ityarthaḥ | yata evaṃ “atho'bhi • paribhramati” iti | atho ataḥ kāraṇāt sandhiḥ chāndasaḥ, tadevāha|bhibhūtatvāt prākṛtairguṇairekībhūtatvāt sammūḍhatvamatyantāvivekitvaṃ prayāta: prāptavān, tatreyaṃ liṅgamucyate sammūr̤hatvādeva hetorbhagavantaṃ nāpaśyaditi
3.1.5
sambandhaḥ na paśyatītyetat | svataḥsiddhāluptajñānaiśvaryādiśaktisampannatayopalakṣitaścidātmā bhagavān taṃ na paśyatīti sammūḍhatvamasyāvagamyata ityarthaḥ | tasya dūrasthatvādadarśanaṃ nāsya sammūḍhatvāditi śaṅkāṃ vārayatyātmasthamiti | svātmani sattāsphūrttirūpeṇa sthitamityarthaḥ | kathamayaṃ svātmastha ityata āha prabhumiti, prakarṣeṇa bhavatyasmāditi prabhurbhūtātmana upādānamadhiṣṭhānañcetyarthaḥ | ataeva kārayitāraṃ niyantāraṃ, kāraṇādhīnaṃ hi kāryamiti nyāyāt, kāraṇādeva niyantetyarthaḥ | tathāca śrutyantaraṃ [ 'eṣa hyeva sādhu karma kārayati taṃ yamebhyo lokebhya unninīṣata eṣa u evāsādhu karma kārayati taṃ yamadho ninīṣate' ] (kauṣī 0 a 0 3) iti | kiñca guṇaughaiḥ prākṛtikairdehendriyaviṣayalakṣaṇairuhyamāna itastataścālyamānaḥ kaluṣīkṛtaśca nānāvāsanākaṣāyarañjitaścetyarthaḥ, ataeva vāsanābhiḥ preryyamāṇatayā'sthiraḥ kathañcidutpādyamāne'pi vivekavijñāne sthairyyahīnaḥ ataścañcalaḥ śubhaviṣayakapravṛttiniṣṭhārahita ityarthaḥ | kiñca lupyamānaścāñcalyavaśādvivekajñānadharmasañcayairlupyamāno'ta eva saspṛho'prāpte'śakyasampādye'pi spṛhāvān ata eva vyagro hīnaḥ sukhabhogakṣaṇamalabhamāna-
3.2
syeti yāvat | sarvasyāpi viśeṣaṇajātasya mūlamidamucyate | abhimānitvaṃ prayāta iti | iti śabda ityamarthe | kathamityetadāhāhamiti | ahaṃ manuṣyaḥ karttā bhoktā, sa u iti chedaḥ, uśabdo'pyarthe, so'pi paro'pyasti mādṛśo mama mitraṃ śatrurudāsīno vā, idamiti dehabāhyaṃ parikalpya tacca mameti śobhanādhyāsapuraḥsaramātmīyatayābhimanyate arthātśobhanādhyāsānna mameti ca, evaṃ manyamāno'bhimanyamāna ātmanā svenaivātmānaṃ nibadhnāti | bandhanamātre dṛṣṭāntamāha jāleneva khacara iti | pakṣīvetyarthaḥ | athavā khacaraḥ kośakāro vṛkṣakoṭarākāśe caraṇāt | sa yathātmanaiva kośaṃ kṛtvā tenātmānaṃ nibadhnāti tadvadityarthaḥ | evaṃ kurvan kṛtasya karmaṇaḥ śubhāśubhalakṣaṇasyānu paścādavaśyambhāviphalaiḥ sukhaduḥkhairabhibhūyamānaḥ paravaśīkriyamāṇaḥ punaḥ sadasadyonimāpadyatā ityādi vyākhyātam | punarapyasya viśeṣajijñāsayā pṛcchanti “katama eṣa iti” iti | uttaramutthāpayati “tān hovāceti” iti |
bhūtātmanaścidātmanaśca vastuto yadyabhedastarhi kathaṃ
bhūtātmani saṃsarati tadabhinnaścidātmā na saṃsārī bhavediti pṛṣṭo dṛṣṭāntena vyavasthāmupapādayiṣyannuktāvātmānau parāmṛśati “athānyatrāpyuktaṃ 0 puruṣaḥ” iti | athaivamevānyatrāpi śākhāntare'pyuktaṃ kiṃ yaḥ karttā'smiñcharīre so'yaṃ vai bhūtātmā yastu karaṇaiḥ sannidhisattāmātreṇa svapreritaiḥ karaṇaiḥ kārayitā so'ntaḥpuruṣaścidātmeti, etadanyatrāpyuktamityarthaḥ | antaḥpuruṣavyāptasya bhūtātmano nānātvāpattiṃ sadṛṣṭāntāmāhāntarapuruṣasya svataḥ bhedaśaṅkāvyāvṛttaye “atha yathā 0 upaiti” iti | athedamucyate yathāgninā prasiddhenābhibhūto vyāpto'yaspiṇḍo vā kāṣṭhādipiṇḍaḥ santaptaḥ karttṛbhirlohakārādibhirhanyamānastāḍyamāno nānātvaṃ visphuliṅgabhāvenopaiti nānādikṣvanekadhā viprasṛto bhavatītyarthaḥ | evaṃ vāva evamevoktadṛṣṭāntavat khalu asau bhūtātmā'ntaḥpuruṣeṇābhibhūto vyāpto guṇairdehendriyāntaḥkaraṇairguṇātmakamāyākāryairhanyamāno'vacchidyamāno nānātvamupaiti tattadbhūtasaṅghātabhedena bhidyata ityarthaḥ | nānābhāvameva varṇayati “caturjālaṃ 0 rūpaṃ” iti | catvāri jālāni pari-
cchedakāni yasmiṃstattathā | jarāyujāṇḍajasvedajodbhijarūpaiścaturbhirjātairavacchinnamityarthaḥ | caturdaśavidhaṃ bhūrādicaturdaśabhogasthānaprakāramityarthaḥ | punarjarāyujādīnāmavāntarajātibhedena caturaśītidhā tāvannacaṃ tāvato'pyadhikaṃ vā bhedena pariṇatamupacitamityarthaḥ | kiṃ tat bhūtagaṇaṃ bhūtānāṃ gaṇo'smiṃstadbhūtagaṇaṃ pañcamahābhūtasaṃhananaṃ yadevaṃvidhametadvai nānātvasya bhedasya rūpaṃ svarūpamityarthaḥ | uktasya carācaralakṣaṇasya svataścetanatvaśaṅkāṃ vyāvarttayaṃścidātmano'smādbhedaṃ sūcayati “tāni ha vā 0 mṛtyaveneti” iti | tāni jarāyujādibhedena caturvidhāni bhūrādibhedena caturdaśavidhāni ca ha vai etāni caturaśītyādiprakārāṇi guṇyante punaḥ punarāvarttanta iti guṇāni puruṣeṇāntaḥstheneritāni mṛtyavena kulāleneritaṃ cakramiva bhramantīti śeṣaḥ | idānīṃ bhūtātmānugatasyāpi cidātmano bhūtātmagatāvasthādoṣasaṃsparśābhāvaṃ dṛṣṭāntenopapādayan saṃsāritvāsaṃsāritvavyavasthāmāha “atha yathāyaspiṇḍe 0 saṃśliṣṭatvāditi” iti | abhibhūyati
3.3
abhibhūyate na hanyata ityarthaḥ | na hyauṣṇyaprakāśasvabhāvasyāgneḥ svato'vasthābhedo vakravartulasthūlasūkṣmatvādilakṣaṇo'yaspiṇḍāyupādhiparāmarśamantareṇa nirūpaṇapathamavatarati | evamevāsau puruṣa antaraścidātmā nābhibhūyati nābhibhūyate bhūtātmagatāvasthābhirbhedaviparyāsalakṣaṇairna saṃspṛśyate, atrāpyupādhiparāmarśamantareṇa bhedaviparyāmayeāranirūpaṇāt, ayaṃ tu bhūtātmā'yaḥpiṇḍābhedenākāravattayā gṛhyamāṇāgnyābhāsavadbhūtasaṅghātopasaṃśliṣṭatvāt tadātmābhimānitayānugatatvādabhibhūyatyabhibhūyate tadavasthābhiravasthāvān bhavatītyarthaḥ |
yasmādevaṃ dehābhimānanibandhanamātmanaḥ saṃsāritvaṃ tasmāddehasvabhāvālocanayā dehābhimānatyāgaḥ kāryo'saṃsāritvāyeti vivakṣan dehasya bībhatsāgocaratāmāha “athānyatrāpyuktaṃ 0 iva vasunā” iti | prathamaṃ maithunādevodbhūtaṃ śukraśoṇitabindurūpaṃ krameṇa niraye nirayatulye māturudare saṃvṛddhyupetamaṅgapratyaṅgakeśanakhalomaprakāraiḥ parivyūḍhaṃ, atha navame daśame vā tato'pyadhike
3.4
vā māse sati mūtradvāreṇa yonirandhreṇa niṣkrāntamevaṃvidhamidaṃ śarīraṃ prasiddhamityarthaḥ | avanaddhaṃ pihitaṃ anyaiścāmayairudaraśūlāpasmārādibhirbahūbhirasaṅkhyātaiḥ, kośo bhāṇḍāgāraṃ, vasu dhanaṃ, prasiddhārthamanyat | nirayarūpe'smin śarīre vivekinābhimāno na kārya ityabhiprāyaḥ |
evaṃ sthūlaśarīre vairāgyāya tatsvabhāvamuktvā sūkṣme'pi śarīre vairāgyāya tatsvabhāvamupanyasyati “athānyatrāpyuktaṃ sammoho 0 tāmasāni” dūti | sammoho viparyayaḥ | tandrī ālasyaṃ | pramādo 'vaśyakarttavyeṣvavadhānaśūnyatā | jarā dehadharmo'pyantaḥkaraṇena jīrṇo'hamityabhimānāt taddharmāntaranukrāntā | kārpaṇyaṃ kṛpaṇatvaṃ satyāṃ sampattau kadaryatā | “ātmānaṃ dharmakṛtyañca putradārāṃśca pīḍayan | devatātithibhṛtyāṃśca sa kadarya iti smṛtaḥ” iti smṛtau kadaryalakṣaṇamuktaṃ, sa eveha kṛpaṇaḥ, tasya bhāvaḥ kārpaṇyamityarthaḥ | nāstikyaṃ āmuṣmike śreyasi niraye vā nāstīti buddhirvedādyanādaraśca | ajñānamapekṣitārthāsphūrttiḥ | pararddhāmasahiṣṇutvaṃ
mātsaryam | naiṣkāruṇyaṃ naiṣṭhuryam | mūḍhatvamavivekitvaṃ vivekarāhityamiti yāvat | ato na mohena paunaruktyam | nirvrīḍatvaṃ akāryakaraṇe'napacapatvam | nirākṛtitvaṃ anavasthitasvabhāvatvam | uddhatatvaṃ sāhaseṣu niḥśaṅkatvam | asamatvaṃ viṣamabuddhitvam | etāni tāmasāni tamoguṇodrekakṛtānītyarthaḥ | anyat prasiddhārtham | rājasānyāha "antastṛṣṇā ॰ āpnotīti" iti | aprāpye'pyarthe'bhilāṣo'ntastṛṣṇā | atastṛṣṇeti pāṭhe ataḥ paraṃ rājasānītyucyanta iti yojyam | snehaḥ putradārādiṣu mamatvābhiniveśaḥ | rāgaḥ teṣvāsaktirātmatvābhimānaḥ | lobho labdheṣu viṣayeṣvalaṃbuddhayabhāvaḥ | hiṃsā parapīḍā | dviṣṭirdveṣaḥ | vyāvṛtatvaṃ vyāvṛtābhiprāyatvaṃ gūḍhābhisandhitvetyarthaḥ | īrṣyā nirarthakasparddhā | kāmyata iti kāmaḥ phalaṃ tadrahitaṃ yathā syāt tathā'sthiratvaṃ, cāñcalyaṃ, nirarthakapravṛttimattvamityarthaḥ | yadvā ākāmamākāmatvaṃ ā samantāt kāmavattvamasampūrṇakāmatvamityarthaḥ, ataevāsthiratvamekasminviṣaye sthairyarāhityatvam | calatvaṃ calacittatvamagāmbhīryamiti yāvat | vyagratvaṃ vyagranitā | dhanavidyādibhiḥ parān jetumicchā jigīṣā | arthasya paśudhanakṣetrāderupārjanaṃ yena kenacanopāyena
3.5
sampādanam | tadarthaṃ mitrāṇāmupakāriṇāmanugrahaṇaṃ dānamānasatkārairanusaraṇam | parigrahāvalambo gṛhāśramotsāhaḥ | uttaraṃ vākyadvayaṃ spaṣṭārtham | abhiṣaṅgaḥ prītyatiśayaḥ | muktasvaro'vyaktasvarastadvattvamiti yāvat | anatamo bahvannaḥ khyātyādyuddeśenānnadānaparatvamityarthaḥ | tuśabdaḥ pūrvoktāt tāmasāṅgavyavacchedārthaḥ | ityevaṃvidhāni rājasānītyarthaḥ | etairityādiḥ spaṣṭārthaḥ | yasmādevaṃ tāmasairājasaiśca dharmairabhivyāpto'yaṃ bhūtātmā tasmāt tadvāsanāvāsitatayā punaḥ punarnānārūpāṇyāpnotīti | abhyāsaprapāṭhakasamāptidyotanārthaḥ |
iti śrīrāmatīrthaviracitāyāṃ maitrīśākhopaniṣaddīpikāyāṃ tṛtīyaḥ prapāṭhakaḥ |
Linked texts (1)
- Maitrāyaṇīyopaniṣad — Sanskrit