Yāska's Nirukta 48

Ṛjvarthā (Niruktavṛtti) 48

Language: Sanskrit

48.1

‘rambhaḥ, pinākam’—‘iti’ ete “daṇḍasya” nāmanī | “rambha ārabhanta enam” avalambanātham | “ā tvā̍ ra̱mbhaṃ na0”—“pinā̍kahastaḥ kṛtti̍vāsāḥ” iti nigamī ( ṛ0 saṃ0 6, 3, 45, 5- ya0 vā0 sa0 3, 61 ) || ‘ā tvā̍ ra̱mbhaṃ na ji̱bhrayo̍ rara̱mbhā śa̍vasaspate | u̱śmasi̍ tvā sa̱dhastha̱ ā || ( ṛ0 sa0 6. 3. 85 7 )’ kāṇvasya triśokasyeyamārṣam | aindrī | gāyatrī | atirātre mahāvrate ca śasyate||he bhagavannidra !“ārabhāmahe” vayaṃ “tvā” tvā ‘rambhaṃ na’ “daṇḍamiva” “jitrayaḥ” “jīrṇāḥ” ityartha | yathā vṛddhāḥ kecit daṇḍamāgabherannavaṣṭambhanārthamevamārabhāmahe tvām ! he bhagavana ! ‘śavasaspate’ balasya pate ! tvaṃ na āśraya ityabhiprāyaḥ | kiñca, ‘uśmasi tvā’ kāmayāmahe tvāṃ nityameva ‘sadhasthe’ samāne eva ekasmin sthāne yajāyatane'vasthitaṃ tvāmābhimukhyena yaṣṭu stotuṃ vetyabhiprāyaḥ || “pinākaṃ” “pratipinaṣṭayenena” hantītyarthaḥ | ‘‘aitatte rudrāvasaṃ tene̍ puro mūja̍vato'tī̍hi ||
mahīdhara bhāṣyam raudrayāstārapaṅktiḥ-yasyā antyau dvādaśākṣarāvādyāvaṣṭākṣarau pādau sā'stārapaṃktiḥ | ( kā0 5, 10, 21 ) mūtayoḥ kṛtvā veṇuyaṣṭyāṃ vā kūpe vā majjo bhavataḥ, sthāṇuvṛkṣavalmīkānāmanyatamasminnutkṣepaṇavadāsañjayatasta itīti | vrīhiyavādīnbaddhā vahanārthaṃ tṛṇavaṃśādinirmitaḥ pātraviśeṣo mūta ityucyate tayorubhayormūtayorudambakānhaviḥśeṣānprakṣipya svakīyenāṃsena voḍhuṃ śakyāyāṃ vaṃśayaṣṭyāmagradvaye tanmūtadvayamavāsajyāntare sthāṇau vṛkṣe vaśe valmīke vā mṛtadvayayutāṃ vaṃśayaṣṭi sasrajati | tato gobhirāghrātumaśakyatvādgāvo rogaṃ na prāpnuvantītyarthaḥ | atha maṃtrārthaḥ || mūjavānnāmakaścitparvato rudrasya vāsasthānam | avasaśabdena deśāntaraṃ gacchato mārgamadhye taṭākādisamīpe bhoktavya odanaviśeṣa ucyate | he 'rudra' ! 'etena' tava 'avasaṃ' haviśeṣākhyaṃ bhojyaṃ 'tena' sahitastvaṃ 'mūṃjavataḥ' parvatāt 'paraḥ' para bhāgavatī sana 'atīhi' atikramya gaccha| kīdṛśastvam “avatatadhanvā” avaśepitadhanuṣkaḥ | asmādrogiṇāṃ tvayā nivāritatvādita ūrdhvaṃ dhanuṣi jyāsamāropaṇasya prayojanābhāvādavagopaṇamevedānīṃ yuktam | tathā "pinākāvasaḥ pinākākhyaṃ pradīya dhanurvasne saṃta ācchādayatīti pinākāvasaḥ | yathā dhanurdṛṣṭvā prāṇino na bibhyati tathā tvadīyaṃ dhanurvastrādinā pracchādya gacchetyarthaḥ || ( kā0 5, 10, 22, 23) “kṛttivāsāḥ” ityanavekṣametyopaspṛśantyapa iti | unnate vṛkṣādau matadvaye'vasajya pratyāvartamānā mṛtadvayamyāvekṣaṇamakṛtyā vedisamīpaṃ samāgatyodakaṃ npṛśeyuriti sūtrārthaḥ | mantrārthastu he rudra ! tvaṃ kṛttivāsāḥ carmīmbaraḥ 'naḥ' asmān 'ahiṃsan' hiṃsāmakurvan 'śivaḥ' asmadīyapūjayā santuṣṭaḥ koparahito bhūtvā atīhi" parvatamatikramya gaccha |
61 ||
eṣa te̍ rudra bhāgastama iti, traiyyambakāḥ puroḍāśā anena mantreṇa vṛkṣe āsajyante || he bhagavan ! ‘rudra’ ! ‘eṣaḥ’ ‘te’ tava ‘bhāgaḥ’ ‘tam’ ‘juṣasva’ ‘tena’ ‘avasena’ tena pathyadanena ‘paraḥ’ purastāt ‘mūjavataḥ’ parvatāt ‘atohi’atigaccha, mā atraiva sthāḥ || kathaṃ ca punaratīhi ? “pinākahastaḥ” bhūtvā, “kṛttivāsāḥ” carmavāsāḥ, “avatatadhanvā” caivamatīhi |
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48.2

"menāḥ, gnāḥ"–"iti" ete "strīṇāṃ" nāmanī | paryāyābhidhānaprasaktamucyate,-"striyaḥ styāyaterapatrapaṇakarmaṇaḥ” lajjārthasya | lajjante'pi hi tāḥ || "menāḥ" "mānayantyenāḥ" puruṣāḥ || "gnāḥ" "gacchanti" hi "enāḥ" maithunena dharmeṇa || "amenāṃścit",- "gnāstvā kṛntan"- "iti" "nigamau” ( ṛ0saṃ04, 1, 29, 2-sā0 ve0 kau0 śā0 tā0 brā0 1, 1, 8) "bhavataḥ” || "ā pra drava harivo mā vi̱vena̱: piśa̍ṅkarāte abhi na̍: sacasva | nahi tvadindra vasyo̍ anyadastyame̱nāṃścijja̍ni̱vataścakartha || ( ṛ0 saṃ0 4, avasyorātreyasyārṣam | triṣṭup | aindrī || he 'harivaḥ' ! 'ā' ābhimukhyenāsmān 'pra' prakarṣeṇa 'drava' | kiñca, 'mā vivenaḥ' mā vigatakāmo bhūrasmattaḥ | he 'piśaṅgarāte, śobhanadāna ! 'abhi' 'sacasva' 'naḥ' | kiñca 'nahi' 'anyat' devatāntaraṃ 'tvat' tvattaḥ prativiśiṣṭataram 'asti' yat pratipadyemahi | he bhagavan ! 'indra' ! ' vasyo' vasuman !|| kiṃ kāraṇam ? "amenāṃścit” astrīkānapi stotṝn “janivataḥ” eva strīmata eva “cakartha" karoṣītyarthaḥ | yasmāt tvamevaṅguṇaviśiṣṭaḥ, tasmāt ca tvāmeva stuma ityabhiprāyaḥ || "daivasya tvā savituḥ prasave'śvinorbāhubhyāṃ pūṣṇo hastābhyāṃ pratigṛhṇāmi 0-0 | gnāstvā kṛntannapaso'tanvata vayitryo'vayan varuṇastvā nayatu devi dakṣiṇe bṛhaspataye vāsastenāmṛtatvamaśīya mayodātre bhūyānmayo mahyaṃ pratigrahītre 0-0 | ka idaṃ
vāsaḥpratigrahaṇamantre'nuṣaṅga eṣaḥ, maitrāyaṇīyeke, tāṇḍyabrāhmaṇe (sā0 kau0 śā0 1, 1, 8) ca, anyāsvapi śākhāsu ca | tada vāsa ucyate, — he 'vāsaḥ !' 'devasya' 'savituḥ' ādityasya 'prasave' tena pramṛnaḥ abhyanujñātaḥ ahaṃ tvāṃ 'pratigṛhṇāmi' | 'aśvinoḥ' devayoḥ bāhubhyāṃ pratigṛhṇāmi | naitābhyāmeva 'bāhubhyām' svābhyām, api ca 'pūṣṇaḥ' devasya 'hastābhyām' pratigṛhṇāmi | kiñca, “āstvā kṛntan” strībhistvaṃ kartitaḥ tainūkaraṇābhiprāyeṇa | "apasaḥ" alpakāḥ anupajātapuṃstvyāḥ jananāyāsamarthāḥ kuvindaputrakāḥ tvām “atanvata” | te hi kuvindānāṃ parikarmakarāḥ, 'dhiyaḥ' dhīmatyaḥ buddhimatyaḥ, kuśalāḥ 'vayitryaḥ' tvām 'avayan' kuvindastriyaḥ kṛtavatyaḥ | tadevamabhiniṣpannaṃ tvāṃ 'mahyaṃ' 'bṛhaspataye' bārhaspatye ātmanyavasthitāya 'varuṇaḥ' devatāviśeṣaḥ 'dadāti' udakapūrvakaṃ tvaṃ dīyase | so'ham evaṅguṇayuktaḥ tvāṃ pratigṛhya 'amṛtatvam' amṛtabhāve yathābhipraihitameva 'aśīya' aśnuyām tvaṃ pratigṛhyamāṇaṃ vāsaḥ, tava prasādāt mamaivametat syāt, — amṛtabhāvānmama mā kvāṭana kāpīrityabhiprāyaḥ || kiñca, 'mayaḥ' sukhaṃ 'dātre' 'bhūyāt' bhavatu | 'mayaḥ' sukhaṃ 'mahyaṃ' 'pratigrahītre' ca | kiñca, 'kaḥ' prajāpatirayaṃ 'kasmai' prajāpataye eva 'adāt' dadāti | yo'yayaṃ dadāti so'pyayaṃ dātā, ayamapi prajāpatirevetyabhiprāyaḥ | dṛśyate hi,—'ka īrṣate tujyate kaḥ- (ṛ0 saṃ0 1, 6, 8, 2)" iti kiñca. 'kāmaḥ' 'kāmāya' eva 'adāt' taddadāti | puṇyaṃ bhaviṣyatītyanena 'kāmena' 'dātā' dadāti, ācchādanaṃ bhaviṣyati iti itaraḥ pratigṛhṇāti | evaṃ 'kāmo dātā' 'kāmaḥ pratigrahītā' | sa eva kāma ucyate, - he 'kāma' | 'etat te' 'vāsaḥ' saktamo bhava- iti |
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48.3

sūryāyā ārṣam | kanyāprathamopagame viniyogaḥ || he bhagavan ! ‘pūṣan !’ ‘tām’ yonim, ‘īrayasva’ ‘yasyāṃ’ yonau ‘bījaṃ’ śukram ‘manuṣyāḥ vapanti’ tvatkṛtayonipoṣe bījametasyāmarthavat syāt, tvadadhīno hi yonipoṣa ityabhiprāyaḥ || ‘yā’ iyam ‘naḥ’ asmākam ‘ūrū’ ‘uśatī’ kāmayamānā strī ‘viśrayāte’ nānāprakāramāśrayate | tasyā yā yoniḥ, tām īrayasva udgamaya bījagrahaṇāya supuṣṭāṃ kuruṣva | “yasyāṃ” yonau “uśantaḥ” putrajanma kāmayamānāḥ “praharāma” prakṣipaima imaṃ “śepam” ||
urvaśyā ārṣam | triṣṭup | sā purūravasā mā gāstiṣṭhetyuktā martā anayarcā purūravama pratyabravīt | he ‘purūravaḥ !’ “triḥ sma māhnaḥ” trirahno mām “ślathayaḥ” ⁠3⁠anāṭyaḥ tvam “vaitasena” śiśnadaṇḍena pūrvam | ‘uta sma me’ api ca yāvān kaścidabhilāṣo mama manasyāsīt taṃ sarvameva tvam ‘avyatyai’ ‘pṛṇāsi’ vyatipūrtavānevāsi | atastva़āham ‘anu āyam’ anugatavatī | ‘ketam’ cetasā anukūlā tavāhmabhavamityarthaḥ | kiñca, he ‘vīra!’ tadā tathānukūlāyāḥ satyāḥ ‘rājā’ īśvaraḥ tvam, asyāḥ ‘tanvaḥ’ macśarīrasya ‘tadā āsīḥ’ tadānīṃ tvam, samprati na tathā varttase, yathā pūrvam, atastvayedānīṃ nāhaṃ sameṣye-ityabhiprāyaḥ |
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48.4

“ayā, enā”-“iti” ete nāmanī “upadeśasya” | sa punarupadeśaḥ strīpunnapuṃsakeṣu bhinno bhavati, atastriṣvapi pradarśyate || tatra-
iti “striyāḥ” upadeśaḥ || vāmadevasyeyamārṣam | triṣṭup | rakṣoghne karmaṇi viniyogaḥ || he bhagavan “agne !” “ayā” anayā “samidhā” “te” tava “vidhema” paricaryāṃ kurmaḥ | sa tvamevamasmābhiḥ paricaryyamāṇaḥ śṛṇu yat kuruṣva ‘pratigṛbhāya’ pratigṛhya ima “stomaṃ' stotram, asmābhiḥ ‘śamyamānam’ uccāryyamāṇam | ‘daha’ etān ‘aśasaḥ’ aśasitṝn astotṝn, ātmanaḥ ‘druhaḥ’ ca dogdhṝn, ‘asmākam’ | etān ‘rakṣasaḥ’ rākṣasān ‘nidaḥ’ ninditṝṃśca | kiñca, ‘pāhi’ rakṣa ‘asmān ’ he ‘mitramahaḥ’ mitrāṇāṃ pūjayitaḥ ! ‘avadyāt’ avandanīyāt karmaṇaḥ, pāpāhityarthaḥ ||
iti “napuṃsakasya” upadeśaḥ | vasiṣṭhasyārṣam | bṛhatī | prātaranuvākāśvinayoḥ śasyate || “enā vaḥ” anena yuṣmākaṃ ‘namasā’ annena agyudyatena ‘ūrjornapātam’ apāṃ pautram, athavā annānāṃ pautram, āhutibhyaḥ āpaḥ, adbhyaḥ agniḥ enayā praṇālikayā annamya pautro'gniḥ | tam ‘ūrjornapātam’ “agnim” ‘āhuve’ āhvaye | kilakṣaṇam ? ‘priyam’ iṣṭam, devānāṃ manuṣyāṇāṃ ca ‘cetiṣṭham’ atiśayena cetanāvantam, ‘aratim’ alamati paryāptamatim, ‘svadhvaraṃ’ śobhanayajñam, ‘viśvasya’ yajamānagaṇasya, eṣa yo'dhikṛtaḥ karmaṇi, tasya ‘dūtam’ ‘amṛtam’ amaraṇadharmāṇam | he ṛtvigyajamānāḥ ! taṃ vaḥ āśāmṛddhaye ahamāhvaye | sa cāhūto devān prati dautyaṃ kariṣyatītyabhiprāyaḥ ||
upadeśaḥ |
iti sūryyāyā ārṣam | jagatī | vadhūranayā gṛhān praveśyate, socyate | he vadhu ! 'iha' eva 'asmin gṛhe' 'prajayā' yuktāyāḥ satyāḥ 'te' tava yat 'priyaṃ' tat 'samṛddhyatāṃ' | kiñca, asmin gṛhe tvaṃ 'gārhapatyāya jāgṛhi' gṛhapatibhāvāya apramattā bhavetyarthaḥ | kiñca, "enā patyā" anena bhartrā saha "tanvaṃ" tanu "saṃsṛjasva" miśrīkuru | athaiva saumanasye varttamānau "jivrī" jīrṇā yāvat tāvat aviyujyamānau parampareṇa 'vidatha' yajñam 'ā' ābhimukhyenāvasthitau santau yajñamantrāntīni vacāṃsi vadatam-ityāśīḥ || "e̱nā vo̍ a̱gniṃ nama̍sā", "e̱nā patyā̍"-iti samāne'pyenā śabde svagante ekasminnupapadaviśeṣādekasya napuṃsakaviṣayatvamekasya pumpaviṣayatvam | ekatra nama ityupapadam, ekatra patiśabdaḥ |
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"siṣaktu, sacate"- "iti" ete nāmanī "sevamānasya" | "sa naḥ siṣaktu",-"saca̍svā naḥ" iti nigamo ( ṛ0 saṃ0 1, 1, 24, 2-1, 1, 2, 4) bhavataḥ" ||
medhātitherārṣam | agnyupasthāne viniyuktā | "somāna̱ṃ svara̍ṇam (ṛ0 sa0 1, 1, 34, 1) "-ityasyā brāhmaṇaspatyāya iyamanantarā, teneyamapi brāhmaṇaspatyaiva syāt | uktaṃ cāharakāṇāṃ brāhmaṇaspatyābhirabhimupatiṣṭheteti ! he bhagavan ! brahmaṇaspate ! 'yaḥ' 'revān' raśmimān, dhanavān, 'amīvahā' anyamanahā, rogahā, 'vasuvit' ca vasumato dhanasya apūrvasyāpi labdhā, yaśca 'puṣṭivarddhanaḥ'dhanapoṣasya varddhayitā, "saḥ" "naḥ" asmān "siṣaktu" "sevatām" putraḥ yuṣmatprasādāt "yaḥ" ca 'turaḥ' tūrṇakārī paṭurityarthaḥ ||
madhucchandasa ārṣam | agnyupasthāne viniyuktā | he bhagavan ! ‘agne!’ yaṃ tvā vayaṃ paricarāma, ‘saḥ’ ‘naḥ’ asmākaṃ ‘sūnave’ putrāya ‘sūpāyanaḥ’ supagamanaḥ, sūpacāraḥ ‘bhava’ sūpacārṇaśca “āsacasva” “naḥ” “svastaye” svastyayanāya | nigamaprasaktamucyate, “svastīti” etat “avināśināma” avināśinaḥ arthasya nāma | anye tvadhīyate,-“avināśanāma” iti | teṣām avināśasyaiva nāma | tattvamuktam, adhunā vyutpattiṃ bravīti “astiḥ” ayam “abhipūjitaḥ” sapūrvaḥ sannucyate “su asti”-“iti” || : |
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48.6

‘“bhyasate, rejate” “iti” ete nāmanī “bhayavepanayoḥ” | “yasya śuṣmādrodasī”–“rejate agne pṛthivī”—“iti” “nigamā” (ṛ0 saṃ0 2, 6, 7, 1 ‘0, 1, 8, 4) “bhavataḥ” ||
upariṣṭād vyākhyayaḥ ||
bharadvājasyeyamārṣam | triṣṭup | cāturmāsya vaiśvadeve parvaṇi yājyā | “agnimārutaṃ pṛśnimālabheta vṛṣṭikāmaḥ”—ityasya paśoḥ ṣaḍṛcaṃ ceyam || he stotāraḥ ‘ ! ‘citram arkam’ cāyanīyaṃ stoma ‘gṛṇate’ stuvate, stanayitnuśabdena kṛtsnaṃ jagat upaśabdāyate |
'turāya' tvaramāṇāya 'svatavase' svātmabalāvaṣṭambhine 'mārutāya' marutāṃ gṛṇāya 'prabharadhvaṃ' praharadhvam | kīdṛśānāṃ punarmarutāṃ gaṇāya yasmai prabharadhvam iti ? 'ye'marutaḥ 'sahasā' svena balena 'sahāṃsi' pareṣāṃ balāni 'sahante' abhibhavanti, "rejate" bibheti, kampate vā || kebhyaḥ marudbhyaḥ ? 'pṛthivī makhebhyaḥ' makhendraśca ityarthaḥ | ya evaṅguṇayuktā marutaḥ, teṣāṃ yo gaṇaḥ, tasmai prabharadhvam citramarkam | tvamapi he 'agne' ! vahaitad dravyaṃ tebhyaḥ yadā tāvanmārutameva kevalaṃ havistadaivamagnirapradhānaḥ,yadā punarāgnimārutaṃ tadā bharadhvaṃ citramarkam agnaye mārutāya ca gaṇāyeti stāṃtṝn sambodhya tato'gniṃ bravīti, - he bhagavannagne ! śṛṇu tvamapyetamarkamevaṅguṇayuktairmarudbhiḥ saha gṛhāṇeti |
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Linked texts (1)

Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit