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An Index to the Names in the Mahabharata, with Short Explanations and a Concordance to the Bombay and Calcutta Editions and P. C. Roy's Translation c5.s4: G

An Index to the Names in the Mahābhārata, with Short Explanations and a Concordance to the Bombay and Calcutta Editions and P. C. Roy's Translation c5.s4

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English

Contents

G

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Gabdhakālī (I, 3801), v. Gandhakālī.

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Gabhasti = Çiva (1000 names²).

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Gabhastimat = Sūrya (the Sun): III, 146.

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Gabhastinemi = Viṣṇu (*Kṛṣṇa*): XII, 1512; XIII, 7001 (1000 names).

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Gabhīra = Viṣṇu (1000 names).

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Gabhīrātman = Viṣṇu (1000 names).

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Gada, a Vṛṣṇi, the younger brother of Kṛṣṇa. § 232 (*Svayamvarap.*): I, 186, 6997 (*sa-G°ḥ*, among the Vṛṣṇis who were present at the svayamvara of Draupadī).—§ 252 (*Subhadrāharaṇap.*): I, 219, 7915.—§ 253 (*Haraṇāharaṇap.*): I, 221, 7992 (*viduṣām varaḥ*, came to the marriage of Arjuna and Subhadrā).—§ 262 (*Bhagavadyāna*): II, 56 (received Kṛṣṇa on his return to Dvārakā).—§ 264 (*Sabhākriyāp.*): II, 43, 125 (among the kings who waited upon Yudhishṭhira when he entered his palace).—§ 287 (*Rājasūyikap.*): II, 34, 1275 (*°-Pradyumna-Çambūç ea*, came to the rājasūya of Yudhishṭhira).—§ 320 (*Saubhavadhop.*): III, 15, 644 (*°-Çambodhavādibhiḥ*, defended Dvārakā); 18, 733 (*°āgrajaḥ . . . Madhavaḥ, i.e. Kṛṣṇa*), 736 (*°Sāraṇau*).—§ 342 (*Indrālokābhigamanap.*): III, 51, 1994 (*Akrūra-G°-Sāmbaiḥ*, will assist the Pāṇḍavas in battle).—§ 402 (*Tīrthayātrāp.*): III, 120, †10277 (*°olmukan*).—§ 452 (*Mārkaṇḍeyas.*): III, 183, †12570 (ºāgrajāya, i.e. Kṛṣṇa).—§ 554 (Sainyodyogap.): V, 1, †27 (ºpūrvajasya, i.e. Kṛṣṇa); 3, 59 (º-Pradyumna-Cāmbāc ca).—§ 570 (Sainyaniryāṇap.): V, 157*, 5330 (º-Samboddha-vādibhiḥ, accompany Balarāma).—§ 577 (Bhīṣmavadhap.): VI, 43, 1617 (ºāgrajaḥ, i.e. Kṛṣṇa).—§ 589 (Droṇābhiṣhekap.): VII, 115, 408.—§ 599 (Jayadrathavadhap.): VII, 110σ, 4194.—§ 617δ (Brahmaśiras): X, 12, 638 (had never desired the discus of Kṛṣṇa).—§ 641 (Rājadh.): XII, 81, 3030 (saukumāryam punar Gº).—§ 730 (Anuśāsanik.): XIII, 14γ, f630.—§ 785 (Anugītāp.): XIV, 66θ, 1938 (accompanied Kṛṣṇa); 86τ, 2557 (came to the aśvamedha of Yudhiṣṭhira).—§ 793 (Mausalap.): XVI, 3γ, 72, 101 (is slain).

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Gadādhara¹=Vishnu (1000 names).—Do.²=Kubera: VI, 2039.

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Gadāgraja¹=Kṛṣṇa, q.v.—Do.²=Vishnu (1000 names).

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Gadāparvan ("the section treating of the combat with the mace"). § 795ε (Mahābhārata): XVIII, 6, 275 (i.e. Gadāyuddhaparvan).

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Gadāpūrvaja=Kṛṣṇa: V, †27.

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Gadāvasāna, name of a place near Mathurā. § 275 (Rājasūyārambhap.): II, 19, 764 (Jarāsandha hurled a mace towards Mathurā; the place where it fell was named G.).

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Gadāyuddha ("the combat with the mace"). § 10 (Parvasāṅgr.): I, 2, 346 (i.e. Gadāyuddhaparvan).

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[Gadāyuddhaparvan (ºva)] ("the section relating to the battle with maces"). Cf. Gadāparvan, Gadāyuddha.

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§ 613: Requested by Dhṛtarāṣṭra (α), Sañjaya related: Duryodhana agreed to fight his foes, one at a time (β); Yudhiṣṭhira granted his request, adding that if he could slay even one of the five Pāṇḍavas he would remain king. Duryodhana rose from the lake and challenged the Pāṇḍavas (γ); Yudhiṣṭhira taunted him with his unfair conduct in slaying Abhimanyu (δ) (IX, 32). Kṛṣṇa reproved Yudhiṣṭhira for his rashness in staking everything on the result of such a single combat with Duryodhana (ε); Bhīmasena assured Kṛṣṇa that Duryodhana would be no match for him in an encounter with the mace (ζ); Kṛṣṇa applauded Bhīma, and exhorted him to slay Duryodhana (η); Sātyaki, etc. (θ), applauded Bhīma; Bhīma's boastful address (ι) to Yudhiṣṭhira and Duryodhana; Duryodhana's dignified reply, applauded by the Pāṇḍavas and Sṛñjayas; the elephants began to grunt and the steeds to neigh; the weapons of the Pāṇḍavas blazed forth of their own accord (IX, 33).—§ 614: When the battle between Bhīma and Duryodhana was about to commence, Bala-Rāma (κ), having heard that that battle between his two disciples was about to begin, came and was worshipped by the Pāṇḍavas, Kṛṣṇa, etc. (λ); he said that forty-two days had passed since he departed, having set out under the constellation Puṣya and come back under the constellation Śravaṇa; he was clad in blue robes and of fair complexion.

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Then that dreadful encounter took place (IX, 34).—§ 615: Requested by Janamejaya (α), Vaiśampāyana related how Bala-Rāma had determined upon and set out (under the constellation Maitra) on a pilgrimage to the tīrthas on the Sarasvatī (β), having let the sacred fire be brought from Dvārakā and the priests, and having given away rich donations to everyone who wished for them, accompanied by priests, friends, brahmans, chariots, elephants, steeds, and servants, visiting all the sacred places along her course. In the course of his wanderings he at last came to Kurukṣetra. Requested by Janamejaya (γ), Vaiśampāyana related the Baladevatīrthayātrā (q.v.) (IX, 35-54). Requested by Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Sañjaya related: Beholding Bala-Rāma, Duryodhana rejoiced. According to the proposal of Bala-Rāma, Yudhiṣṭhira with his brothers and Duryodhana proceeded westwards to Samantapañcaka on the southern side of the Sarasvatī. D. and Cā. praised Duryodhana. Description of Bhīma and Duryodhana (ο). Duryodhana told Yudhiṣṭhira (who was standing among his brothers and Kṛṣṇa and Rāma) to behold the battle, protected by the Kaikeyas, etc. (π). That large assembly of kings sat down, as did also Bala-Rāma, who was worshipped by all around him. Bhīma and Duryodhana stood inciting each other with violent speeches (IX, 55). The dispute between the two heroes (ρ). At last Duryodhana said, "What is the use of bragging? fight with me," and was applauded by the Somakas, etc.

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The elephants grunted aloud and the steeds neighed repeatedly; the weapons of the Pāṇḍavas blazed forth of their own accord (IX, 56). Description of the combat; D., G., and men wondered; the Pāṇḍavas and the Somakas feared; adopting the manœuvre called Kauçika, Duryodhana baffled Bhīma's mace; as Duryodhana once fell down to the earth, the Sṛñjayas cried aloud, so also did the Pāṇḍavas; Bhīmasena then had his coat of mail fractured and was prostrated on the ground, but rose, steadying himself with great effort (IX, 57). Arjuna inquired of Kṛṣṇa about the relative merits of the two combatants; Kṛṣṇa said that their training had been equal, but Bhīma was superior in strength; Duryodhana was superior in skill and had more practice; by fighting fairly Bhīma would never succeed in winning, but by fighting unfairly he would surely be able to slay Duryodhana, just as the Asuras were vanquished by the gods, Virocana and Vṛtra by Indra with the aid of deception; "Bhīma has vowed to break the thighs of Duryodhana with his mace; let him accomplish that vow of his"; he censured Yudhiṣṭhira for his folly, and quoted a verse uttered by Uçanas; "Duryodhana has practised with the mace for full thirteen years." Arjuna struck his own left thigh before the eyes of Bhīmasena, who understood the sign. As Duryodhana set his heart on the manœuvre called dvasthāna and jumped upwards, Bhīmasena hurled his mace at the thighs of Duryodhana and fractured them. Portents appeared;

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showers of blood and showers of dust were poured by Indra; a loud noise was made by Y., Rā., and Pç. (description of the portents); the Pāñcālas and the Pāṇḍavas were filled with anxiety; D., G., Si., and Cā. went away (IX, 58). The Pāṇḍavas and Somakas rejoiced; Bhīmasena rebuked Duryodhana, and touched his head with his left foot, which was censured by Yudhiṣṭhira, who grieved for Duryodhana (σ) (IX, 59); Baladeva's wrath was excited upon seeing Duryodhana struck below the navel; he rushed on to slay Bhīma, but was seized and pacified by Kṛṣṇa (τ). Baladeva praised Duryodhana and cursed Bhīmasena, and then ascended his chariot and proceeded towards Dvārakā. The Pāñcālas, etc. (v), became dejected; Kṛṣṇa and Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīmasena, etc., and Duryodhana spoke about what had passed (IX, 60) (Kṛṣṇa asking the Pāṇḍava warriors to forbear insulting Duryodhana; Duryodhana's angry reply to Kṛṣṇa, charging him with every unfair act in course of the battle; Kṛṣṇa reminded Duryodhana of his own evil acts, and referred to his miserable end as the inevitable consequence of those acts; Duryodhana's boast with reference to his end, which he pronounced to be most glorious) (φ). Celestial showers descended on Duryodhana's head; G., Aps., and Si. praised him. The Pāṇḍavas and Kṛṣṇa became ashamed; but Kṛṣṇa justified the use of unfair means for the slaughter of the Kuru warriors (χ) (IX, 61). The Pāṇḍava warriors to the Kuru camp, which was entirely deserted (ψ);

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Kṛṣṇa caused Arjuna to take down the Gāṇḍīva and his inexhaustible quivers, and then to dismount; then Kṛṣṇa also dismounted; the celestial ape disappeared, and the chariot (burnt by Droṇa and Karṇa with the Brāhma weapon), with its steeds, etc., was reduced to ashes. Kṛṣṇa congratulated Yudhiṣṭhira on his victory, and Yudhiṣṭhira attributed that victory to Kṛṣṇa's power (w). In the encampment of the Kurus they found great wealth; at Kṛṣṇa's suggestion the Pāṇḍavas and Sātyaki resolved to pass the night at a spot outside the camp, on the banks of the Oghavatī. They then dispatched Kṛṣṇa to Hāstinapura in order to pacify the wrath of Gāndhārī, and to comfort her and Dhṛtarāṣṭra. He set out with Dāruka upon his chariot, yoked with Śaibya and Sugrīva (IX, 62). Asked by Janamejaya, Vaiśampāyana said that the reason why Yudhiṣṭhira sent Kṛṣṇa to Hāstinapura was his fear that Gāndhārī, by means of her ascetic merit, should reduce the Pāṇḍavas to ashes, because Duryodhana had been slain unfairly (aa); "Vyāsa will be there." Kṛṣṇa caused Dāruka to equip his chariot, and quickly set out for Hāstinapura. He arrived at Dhṛtarāṣṭra's palace, where Vyāsa had arrived before him; he comforted Dhṛtarāṣṭra (bb) and Gāndhārī (yy), who said that her heart had become steady (δδ). Then Kṛṣṇa came to know the evil that was meditated by Aṣvatthāman, and suddenly took leave, requested by Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Gāndhārī to protect the Pāṇḍavas, and proceeded with Dāruka. Vyāsa comforted Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

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Kṛṣṇa arrived at the camp and informed the Pāṇḍavas (IX, 63). Requested by Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Sañjaya narrated the lamentations of Duryodhana while lying on the field with his thighs broken (εε); he thought himself happy, and asked Sañjaya to bring his message to his parents and to Aṣvatthāman, etc. (ζζ) ("you should never place any confidence in the Pāṇḍavas"), and took leave of the message-bearers (εε); he was confident that Cārvāka, the mendicant devotee, would avenge his death. Thousands of men, with eyes full of tears, fled away; the earth trembled, etc. The messengers went and informed Aṣvatthāman and then went away (IX, 64). Aṣvatthāman, etc. (ζζ), came to Duryodhana, who lay surrounded by carnivorous animals, etc. Aṣvatthāman's lament and Duryodhana's reply (ηη); Aṣvatthāman vowed to slay all the Pāñcālas; Duryodhana let Kṛpa install Aṣvatthāman as the Kuru generalissimo; then they took leave of Duryodhana and left him alone (IX, 65).

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Gādheyī ("the daughter of Gādhi") = Satyavatī: XIII, 242.

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Gādhi or Gādhīn, a king of Kānyakubja, the son of Kuçika and the father of Viçvāmitra and Satyavatī. § 223 (Vāsiṣṭha): I, 175, 6651 (Kānyakubje mahān āsīt pārthivo, Bharatarṣabha | Gādhitī viçruto loke Kuçikasyātmasambhavaḥ, father of Viçvāmitra).—§ 395 (Jamadagni): III, 115, 10145 (°iti viçrutaḥ, went to the woods), 10146 (°iḥ, Reika married his daughter [Satyavatī], having given 1,000 horses as a dowry).—§ 565 (Gālavac.): V, 119, 4005 (°eḥ Satyavatīm sutām, repetition from § 395).—§ 574 (Jambūkh.): VI, 9aa, 315 (°eḥ).—§ 615n (Viçvāmitra): IX, 40, 2296 (°iḥ, father of Viçvāmitra), 2299 (do.), 2300 (do., having installed Viçvāmitra on the throne, G. went to heaven).—§ 638b (Rāmopākhyāna): XII, 49, 1720 (Gādhir nāmābhavat putraḥ Kuçikaḥ Pākaçāsanaḥ, Indra was born as G.), 1721 (°iḥ, Satyavatī was given in marriage to Reika, cf. § 395), 1722 (°eḥ), 1727 (°iḥ), 1745 (do., birth of Viçvāmitra).—§ 721b (Viçvāmitrop.): XIII, 4, 205 (Kuçikasyātmajāḥ . . . G°ir nāma), 208 (°iḥ), 211 (do.), 217 (°aye), 218 (°iḥ, Satyavatī was given in marriage to Reika, who had given 1,000 horses as a dowry), 246 (°bhāryā, birth of Viçvāmitra).—§ 745c (Cyavana-Kuçikasamv.): XIII, 56, 2914 (°er duhitaraṃ, i.e. Satyavatī), 2915 (Viçvāmitram . . . G°eḥ putram). Cf. Kauçika.

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Gādhija ("the son of Gādhi") = Viçvāmitra: IX, 2306 (V°), 2311, 2394.

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Gādhīn, v. Gādhi.

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Gādhinandana ("the son of Gādhi") = Viçvāmitra: I, 6663.

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Gādhisutā ("the daughter of Gādhi") = Satyavatī: III, 10153.

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Gadin = Çiva (1000 names¹).

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Gaganamūrdhan, an Asura. § 92 (Amçāvat.): I, 65, 2532 (among the sons of Danu).—§ 130 (do.): I, 67, 2646 (incarnate as one of the five Kaikaya princes).

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Gahana = Viṣṇu (1000 names).

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Gaja, a Gāndhāra warrior, the younger brother of Çakuni. § 585 (Bhīṣmavadhap.): VI, 90a, 3997 (among six younger brothers of Çakuni (Saubalasyānujaḥ, v. 3995), is slain by Irāvat).

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Gajaçiras, a warrior of Skanda. § 615u (Skanda): IX, 45η, 2562.

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Gajahan = Çiva (1000 names²).

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Gajāhvaya ("named after the elephant") = Hāstinapura: II, 2600, 2640; III, 279; V, 607!; XII, †2121 (puram); XIV, 370; XV, †439; XVIII, 181.

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Gajakarna, a Yakṣa. § 269 (Vaiçravaṇasahāv.): II, 10, 397 (among the Yakṣas in the palace of Kubera).

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Gajānika, a Pāṇḍava warrior. § 600 (Ghaṭotkacavadhap.): VII, 158x, 7011 (brother of Virāṭa?).

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Gajapura = Hāstinapura: XIII, 7711.

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Gajarāja = Airāvata: XII, 8330 (°vāhanaḥ, i.e. Indra).

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Gajaṣāhvaya ("named after the elephant") = Hāstinapura: I, 1700 (svanagaram), 3000, 4360, 4441 (purim), 4460 (puram), 4468, 5034, 5149 (nagaram); II, 1676, 2647; III, 9, 1348; V, 6092, 7106; XIV, 1476 (nagaram), 1479 (do.); XV, 443, 658, 971; XVII, 25.

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Gajendra = Airāvata (?): IX, †1074.

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Gajendrakarṇa = Çiva (1000 names¹).

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Gajodara, a warrior of Skanda. § 615u (Skanda): IX, 45η, 2562.

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Gālava, a ṛṣi. § 10 (Parvaṣaṅgr.): I, 2, 331 (caritam G°sya, i.e. Gālavacarita).—§ 11 (do.): I, 2, 509 (maharṣeç cāpi caritam . . . G°sya, do.).—§ 565 (Gālavacarita): V, 106, 3720, 3727 (muniḥ), 3732 (disciple of Viçvāmitra), 3733, 3738, 3739, 3740; 107, 3741, 3743, 3750; 108, 3761, 3762, 3778; 109, 3792, 3794, 3799; 110, 3814, 3820; 111, 3822, 3830, 3834, 3838, 3839, 3846; 112, (3850), 3854 (muniḥ), (3855), 3869, 3872; 113, 3874, 3877, 3891, 3894, 3895; 114, 3896, 3907, 3911; 115, 3919, 3928, 3931, 3932, 3933, 3936; 116, 3942, 3944, 3946, 3947, 3951 (muniḥ), 3953, 3955, 3958; 117, (3960), 3965, 3978, 3980; 118, 3981, 3982, 3989, 3992, 3996, 3997, 4001; 119, 4002, 4003, 4004, 4006, 4010, 4012, 4018, 4021, 4025 (the history of Gālava).—§ 566 (Yayāti): V, 121, 4076; 123, 4116 (all to § 565).—§ 515 ff. (Asita Devala): IX, 50, 2919 (only C. by error for Nāradaḥ).—§ 637 (Rājadh.): XII, 47η, 1597 (among the ṛṣis who surrounded Bhīṣma as he lay on his arrow-bed).—§ 699 (Mokṣadh.): XII, 288, 10555 (°sya ca saṃvādaṃ devar-her Nāradasya ca), 10556, 10564.—§ 717b (Nārāyaṇīya): XII, 343, 13263 (Vāmadēçitamārgeṇa matprasādān (i.e. Nārāyaṇa's) mahātmanā | Pāñcālena kramaḥ prāptaḥ tasmād bhūtāt sanātanāt (i.e. from the horse head of Nārāyaṇa) | Bābhravyagotraḥ sa babhau prathamam krama-pūragaḥ | Nārāyaṇād varam labdhvā prāpya yogam anuttamam | kramam praṇiya ҫikṣān ca praṇayitvā sa Gālavaḥ).—§ 721b (Viçvāmitrop.): XIII, 48, 251 (among the sons of Viçvāmitra).—§ 730 (Anuҫāsanik.): XIII, 18, (1349) (Çiva restored his father to life).—§ 734 (do.): XIII, 26a, 1763 (among the rṣis who came to see Bhīṣma).—§ 751b (Çapathavidhi): XIII, 94a, †4551 (rṣiḥ), (4583). Cf. Pāñcāla, Pāñcāla.

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[Gālavacarita(m)] ("the history of Gālava"; cf. Gālavasya caritam). § 565 (Bhagavady.): In ancient times, in order to try Viçvāmitra, who was then engaged in ascetic austerities, Dharma in the form of the Rṣi Vasiṣṭha, and feigning himself hungry, came to his hermitage. Viçvāmitra cooked caru, but could not approach Dharma before his guest had dined with the other hermits. Dharma said, "I have already dined; wait here," and went away. Viçvāmitra, bearing that food on his head and himself subsisting on air, waited a hundred years, while the ascetic Gālava waited on him. Then Dharma accepted that food, which was still warm and fresh, and called Viçvāmitra a viprarṣi, whereby he became a brahman. Gālava repeatedly asked Viçvāmitra to take a gift from him as his preceptor, and at last Viçvāmitra, seeing his persistency, requested him to give 800 white steeds each with one black ear (V, 106). Gālava got troubled and was gradually reduced to a skeleton. He thought of repairing to Viṣṇu (or Kṛṣṇa), when his friend Garuḍa came, and said he had spoken to Viṣṇu in his behalf, and that he would bear him (V, 107). Garuḍa described the East: here Savitṛ first rises, and the tapas of the Sādhyas is performed at eve; . . . the two eyes of Dharma; . . . here the daughters of Dakṣa in primeval times gave birth to their children, and here the sons of Kaçyapa first multiplied; here Çakra was first anointed as king of the gods;

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here is the tapas of Indra and the gods, all their religious ceremonies; here the Creator (bhagavān Lokabhāvanaḥ) first sang the Vedas; here Sāvitrī was first said by Savitṛ to the reciters of the Vedas (brahmavādiṣu), and here the Yajurveda (yajumṣi) was given by Sūrya; here the Soma juice was first drunk by the gods, etc.; it was here that Varuṇa, repairing to Pātāla, obtained prosperity (priyam); here the birth, growth, and death of the ancient Vasiṣṭha took place; here first grew the hundred branches (śrtayaḥ) of om; here the Munis called dhūmapāḥ first imbibed the smoke of the havis; here the thousand-rayed Sun slays, rising, the wicked and ungrateful men and Asuras; here is the gate of the three worlds and the path to heaven and to felicity (V, 108). Garuḍa mentioned the remarkable subjects in the South (dakṣiṇā diç, so called because Vivasvat gave it away as a dakṣiṇā): Pitṛpakṣas trailokasya; Uṣmapāḥ devāḥ; the Viçvedevas with the Pitṛs, with whom they equally share the sacrifices in all the worlds; the second door of Dharma . . .; the Devarṣis, Pitṛlokarṣis, and Rājarṣis, who dwell here in great happiness . . .; it is the region whither all must repair; . . . there are Nairṛtaḥ to be seen by the sinful; the Gandharvas chanting on Mandara and in the abodes of the viprarṣis; Raivata who, hearing the Sāmans, retired to the woods, leaving wife and friends and kingdom; Sāvarṇi and Yāvakrīta setting a limit to Sūrya (the southern tropical circle, PCR.);

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Rāvaṇa soliciting immortality from the gods; Vṛtra incurring the enmity of Çakra; Vaitaraṇī filled with the bodies of persons condemned to hell . . .; reaching this region the sun drops sweet water (i.e. the beginning of the rainy season, Nil.), and thence, proceeding again to the Vāsiṣṭha direction (Vāsiṣṭhīm kāṣṭhām = the quarter of the seven Rṣis, i.e. the North, Nil.), once more drops dew (himam); there is Garuḍa obtaining for food an enormous elephant and tortoise; tho great Rṣi Cakradhanus' as Kapila who burned Sagara's sons); the perfect (siddhāḥ) brahmans, named Çivāḥ, who fully had mastered the Vedas, here obtained liberation (mokṣa); here is Bhogavatī, ruled by Vāsuki, Takṣaka, and Airāvata. Those that have to journey hither encounter a thick gloom, so that it cannot be penetrated by either the Sun or by Agni; "even thou shalt have to pass this road" (V, 109). Garuḍa mentioned the remarkable subjects and occurrences of the West: Varuṇa's origin; his instalment by Kaçyapa; the Moon, quaffing all the six juices of Varuṇa, becomes young again in the beginning of the bright fortnight; the Daityas being routed and bound fast by Vāyu; the mountain Asta; Night and Sleep; Çakra beholding the goddess (devīm) Diti asleep, and cutting off her foetus, whence sprang the Maruts; the roots of Himavat stretching towards the eternal Mandara (sunk in the Ocean, Nil.), the end of which is not to be reached by journeying for even 1,000 years;

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Surabhi milking on the shores of the lake with golden lotuses; in the midst of the Ocean the headless trunk of Svarbhānu; the chanting of the Vedas by Suvarṇa-çiras (invisible, and whose hair is eternally yellow); Dhvajavatī, the daughter of the muni Harimedhas, remaining in the air in consequence of Sūrya's injunction, 'stay'; . . . the sources of the rivers; here, in the abode of Varuṇa, are the waters of the three worlds; the abode of Ananta, and of Viṣṇu, and of Pavana (the friend of Agni), and of the Maharṣi Kaçyapa Mārica (V, 110). The North (uttara) has its name from saving (uttāraṇā) from sin; it is also called madhyama, i.e. between the East and the West. None can live there that is unamiable, etc. Garuḍa mentioned its remarkable subjects and places: Badarī, the asylum of Nārāyaṇa, Kṛṣṇa, Jiṣṇu, and Brahmán; Maheçvara with the effulgence of the Yugānta fire; Puruṣa dwelling with Prakṛti, invisible to munis, D. with I., G., Y., and Si., except Nara and Nārāyaṇa; there Viṣṇu appears alone, having 1,000 heads and 1,000 legs; there Candramas (the Moon) was iostalled in the sovereignty over the brahmans; Mahādeva receiving Gaṅgā on his head; Devī practising austerities for obtaining Maheçvara; Kāma; the wrath (of Çiva, PCR.); here took place Kubera's instalment, on the breast of Kailāsa, in the sovereignty of Rā., Y., and G.; Cairaratha; here is the asylum of the Vaikhānāsas; Mandākinī; Mandara; Saugandhikavana, guarded by Nairṛtas;

c5.s4.38.5

the plantain forest (kadalī-skandham), etc.; the Siddhas; the eeven Rṣis with Arundhatī; Svātī; Brahmán near Yajña . . . the munis named Dhāmā (? so B.) (whose origin, etc., are not known) guarding Gāyantikādvāra (B. Gaṅgāmahādvāram); the man who passes beyond them will certainly meet with destruction, except Nārāyaṇa and Nara or Jiṣṇu; here ie Kailāsa, the abode of Ailavila; the origin of the ten Apsarases Vidyut-prabhāḥ; Viṣṇupada, made by Viṣṇu, when he, in his covering the worlds with three steps, stepped on the northern regioo; here took place king Marutta's sacrifice at Uçīrabīja, by the side of the golden lake; here was Himavat's gold-mine, that exhibited itself to the viprarṣi Jīmūta, who gave away the whole wealth to the brahmans, and had it called after his name (Jīmūta); here morning and evening the Lokapālas (diçām pālāḥ) proclaim "what business of what person shall we do?"; it is called uttara (North) because it is superior (uttara) to all (V, 111). At the request of Gālava, Garuḍa carried him (description) to the East, and laughed at his foolish thoughts of casting away his life. At the mountain Rṣabha they rested for some time (V, 112). On the peak of the Rṣabha they met with a brahman lady, Caṇḍīlī, engaged in penances; she gave them cooked food; they fell asleep. As Garuḍa awoke, his wings had fallen off. It was because he had, out of pity, thought of carrying the lady to the place where Mahādeva, Vishnu, etc. (a), live together.

c5.s4.38.6

She gave him his wings back, having warned him not to contemn women, and they set out, but failed to find the steeds. Viçvāmitra met them, and said the time had already passed, but promised to wait for some time more (V, 113). Garuḍa explained the etymology of hiranya (gold) and dhana (wealth), and why gold is not easily obtainable (see the note of PCR. from Nil.); it is guarded by the Ajaikapād-Ahirbradhnaḥ and by Dhanada (i.e. Kubera). They went to Garuḍa's friend, the Rājarshi Yayāti Nahusha (of the Lunar race), in Pratiṣṭhāna, and told him the matter, and that Gālava, when he had paid off his debt, would devote himself to severe ascetic penances and give Yayāti a portion of his wealth of asceticism; "as many hairs as there are in a horse's body, so many regions of bliss are attained by him that gives away a horse" (V, 114). Yayāti, the performer of 1000 sacrifices, the liberal ruler of all the Kāçis, in view of the fact that they had come to him, passing over all the kings of the Solar race, not having the steeds, gave to Gālava his daughter Mādhavī, always praised by gods, men, and Asuras. Garuḍa went away to his own abode, and Gālava offered Mādhavī to king Haryaçva of Ikṣvāku's race at Ayodhyā, who was desirous of offspring (V, 115), on the condition that he gave as her dower the 800 steeds of the kind wanted. Haryaçva had but 200 steeds of this kind;

c5.s4.38.7

he therefore got the maiden—who a brahman had been granted the boon that after each delivery she would be a maiden again—in order to beget only one son upon her, for his 200 steeds. This son was Vasumanas. Then Gālava offered her to king Divodāsa (V, 116), the Kāçi king, son of Bhimasena. The same arrangement was made as with Haryaçva. She bore him Pratardana (V, 117). Then Gālava came to king Uçīnara in the city of the Bhojas, with whom the same arrangement was made. To him she bore Çibi. Then Gālava took the maiden and went to see Garuḍa (V, 118). Garuḍa said that the remaining 200 steeds were unobtainable. For in days of old Reika sought at Kānyakubja Gādhi's daughter Satyavatī in marriage, and was requested by Gādhi to give 1000 steeds of this kind. Reika obtained them at Açvatīrtha, and gave them the king. Performing the sacrifice Puṇḍarīka, the king gave them away to the brahmans. The three kings had each purchased 200 of them from the brahmans, but the remaining 400, while being transported over the Vitastā, were taken by the river (so B.). Viçvāmitra, instead of obtaining the 200 steeds wanting, begot Aṣṭaka upon Mādhavī, and gave him the steeds; Aṣṭaka then went to a certain city (puram prayāt tadā Somapuraprabham) and Kauçika (i.e. Viçvāmitra) to the woods. Gālava dismissed Garuḍa, and returning the maiden to her father, he went into the woods (V, 119).

c5.s4.38.8

Yayāti went to a hermitage on the confluence of the Gaṅgā and Yamunā, taking Mādhavī, Pūru, and Yadu with him, desirous of again disposing of his daughter in a svayaṃvara. There was assembled a vast concourse of N., Y., G., men, etc., and numerous Rṣis resembling Brahmān himself. Mādhavī selected the forest as her lord, practised tapas, and adopted a deer's mode of life (mṛgacāriṇī). King Yayāti died after having lived for many thousands of years. The progeny of Pūru and Yadu multiplied greatly. Yayāti, resembling a maharshi, enjoyed the highest bliss in heaven for many thousands of years. On one occasion, while seated among the Rājarshis and Maharshis, king Yayāti mentally disregarded all the gods and Rṣis and men. Indra at once read his heart; the dwellers of heaven did not longer know him, and he was soon divested of his splendour (V, 120). For continuation v. Yayāti (§ 566).

c5.s4.39

Gālavasambhava ("born from Gālava") = Prākṛṛgavat: IX, 2992.

c5.s4.40

Gālavi ("the son of Gālava") = Prākṛṛgavat: IX, 2995, 2997.

c5.s4.41

Gama = Çiva (1000 names ¹⁻²).

c5.s4.42

Gambhirā (i.e. 1000 names ²).

c5.s4.43

Gambhirabalavāhana = Çiva (1000 names ²).

c5.s4.44

Gambhiraghosha = Çiva (1000 names ²).

c5.s4.45

Gaṇa = Çiva (1000 names ²).

c5.s4.46

Gaṇā, a māṭṛ. § 615u (Skanda): IX, 460, 2645.

c5.s4.47

Gaṇādhipa = Çiva (1000 names ¹).

c5.s4.48

Gaṇādhyaksha = Çiva: X, 258; XII, 10421 (1000 names ¹).

c5.s4.49

Gaṇakāra = Çiva (1000 names ²).

c5.s4.50

Gaṇakartṛ = Çiva (1000 names ²).

c5.s4.51

Gaṇanayaka = Gaṇeça: I, 77.

c5.s4.52

Gaṇapati = Çiva (1000 names ²).

c5.s4.53

Gaṇuā, the wife of the çūdra Paçusakha. § 750b (Bisastanyop.): XIII, 93, 4417, (4446), (4499), (4530).

c5.s4.54

Gaṇḍaka, pl. (°āḥ), a people. § 280 (Bhimasena): II, 29, 1062 (in the east, vanquished by Bhimasena on his digvijaya).

c5.s4.55

Gaṇḍakaṇḍa, a Yakṣa. § 269 (Vaiçravaṇasabhā.): II, 10, 397 (among the Yakṣas in the palace of Kubera).

c5.s4.56

Gaṇḍakī, a river. § 221b (Gaṅgā): I, 170, 6455.—§ 276 (Jarāsandhavadhap.): II, 20, 794 (crossed by Kṛṣṇa, etc., on their way from Indraprastha to Girivraja).—§ 370 (Tirthayātrāp.): III, 84, 8091 (sarvatīrthalodbhavam, a tīrtha).—§ 574 (Jambūkh.): VI, 9λ, 325 (among the rivers of Bhāratavarṣu).—§ 775 (Anuçāsanik.): XIII, 166a, 7647.

c5.s4.57

Gaṇḍalin = Çiva (1000 names ²).

c5.s4.58

Gaṇḍasāhvayā, a river. § 494 (Āṅgirasa): III, 222, 14230 (among the rivers who are mothers of fires, = Gaṇḍakī?).

c5.s4.59

Gandha¹ (personif.), II, 438.—² = Çiva (1000 names ¹).

c5.s4.60

Gandhadhārin = Çiva (1000 names ²).

c5.s4.61

Gandhakālī = Satyavatī: I, †3801 (C. has by error Gabdha°).

c5.s4.62.1

Gandhamādana, a mountain. § 11 (Parvasaṅgr.): I, 2, 451, 452, 462.—§ 43 (Garuḍa): I, 30, 1392 (parvataçreshṭham, there Kaçyapa was engaged in austerities).—§ 48 (Çesha): I, 36, 1567 (there Çesha performed austerities).—§ 184 (Pāṇḍu): I, 119, 4637 (having crossed Himavat, Pāṇḍu went to G.).—§ 269 (Vaiçravaṇasabhāv.): II, 10, 412 (among the mountains in the palace of Kubera).—§ 317b (Kṛṣṇa Vāsudeva): III, 12, 471 (Kṛṣṇa dwelt 10,000 years on G.).—§ 330 (Indradarçana): III, 37, 1496 (on the way to the world of Indra Arjuna crossed Himavat and G.).—§ 419 (Gandhamādanapr.): III, 140, 10861 (the Pāṇḍavas set out for G.).—§ 420 (do.): III, 141, 10892 (b: G. cannot he reached by means of vehicles, nor by bad people; the impure alone meet with flies, gadflies, etc.), 10898.—§ 423 (do.): III, 143, 10964 (b: G. is inhabited by rṣis, Siddhas, gods, Gandharvas, Apsarases, and Kinnaras), 10969, 10985.—§ 423 (do.): III, 145, 11015.—§ 424 (Bhīmakadalikhaṇḍap.): III, 146, 11084, 11088 (b: G. is frequented by Kinnaras, Yakshas, Gandharvas, gods, Brahmarshis, and Apsarases), 11099, 11119 (°sānushu, on G. Bhīmasena met with Hanūmat).—§ 432 (Saugandhikāharaṇap.): III, 152, 11337 (near G. Bhīmasena slew the Krodhavaças).—§ 435 (do.): III, 155, 11429 (°sānushu).—§ 436 (Yakshayuddhap.): III, 158, 11540, 11542 (the hermitage of Vṛshaparvan was situated on the slope of Himavat and near G.).—§ 436b (do.): G. is frequented by Kimpurnshas, Siddhas, Cāraṇas, Vidyādharas, Kinnaris, etc.

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(very copious description): III, 158, 11561, 11563, 11571, 11582 (°sānushu), 11600 (°kananam), 11603 (°sānushu), 11608.—§ 436 (do.): III, 159, 11656.—§ 437 (do.): III, 160, 11662, 11702 (°sambhavah . . . mārutaḥ, Bhīma there slew the Rākshasa Maṇimat, etc.).—§ 438 (do.): III, 161, 11768.—§ 440 (do.): III, 164, 11902 (Arjuna came from the slope of Indra to G.).—§ 446 (Nivātakavacayuddhap.): III, 174, 12283.—§ 459 (Mārkaṇḍeyas.): III, 188, 12918 (seen by Mārkaṇḍeya in the stomach of Nārāyaṇa).—§ 512 (Ghoshayātrāp.): III, 244, 11965 (°vāsinah, i.e. the Gandharvas).—§ 526 (Rāmopākhyānap.): III, 275, 15901 (°parvate, the abode of Viçravas), 15921 (having lost Laṅkā, Kubera began to live on G.).—§ 535 (Setubandhana): III, 283a, 16273 (°vāsi . . . Gandhamādanaḥ).—§ 561e (Bhīma): V, 50, 1991 (Kṛshṇayāc carato prītim yena—i.e. Bhīma—Krodhavaça hatāḥ | pravicya vishamam ghoram parvataṃ G°m, all to § 432 or § 437).—§ 561 (Yānasandhip.): V, 64, 2471 (description).—§ 563 (Dambhodbhavap.): V, 96, 3162 (on G. Nara and Nārāyaṇa practised austerities), 3164.—§ 570d (Rukmin): V, 158, 5352 (Kīmpurushasimhasya G°vāsinah, i.e. Druma).—§ 571 (Ulīkadūtāgamanap.): V, 160, 5501 (ūrurukshur yathā | mandaḥ parvataṃ G°m), 161, 5546 (do.).—§ 574 (Jambūkh.): VI, 6, 203 (param Mālyavataḥ), 204 (the half-verse not in B.).—§ 574e (do.): On the summits of G. Kubera, the lord of the Guhyakas, many Rākshasas and Apsarases live in joy. Beside G. there are many smaller mountains and hills.

c5.s4.62.3

The measure of human life there is 11,000 years. There the men are cheerful and endued with great energy and strength, and the women are all of the complexion of the lotus and highly beautiful: VI, 6, 229, 230.—§ 574 (Jambūkh.): VI, 9, 318 (among the seven kulaparvatāḥ in Bhāratavarsha; B., however, has Ṛkshavān).—§ 581 (Bhīshmavadhap.): VI, 65, 2939 (on G. the gods, rshis, etc., worshipped Pitāmaha, i.e. Brahmān).—§ 585 (do.): VI, 92, 4099 (aṭivishā iva kruddhāḥ parvate G°e).—§ 599 (Jayadrathavadhap.): VII, 125, 5022 (mahāmegho yathā varsham vimuñcan G°e).—§ 600 (Ghaṭotkacadhap.): VII, 183, 8324 (°yūtrāyāṃ durgebhyaḥ ca sma tāritāḥ | Pāñcālīn ca parigrāntā(m) prshṭhenodvahātātmanā, sc. Ghaṭotkaca, all. to § 423).—§ 603d (Tripura): VII, 202, 9562 (Çiva made G. and Vindhya his vamça-dhrajau when he proceeded against Tripura).—§ 607 (Karṇap.): VIII, 45, 2104 (protected by Guhyakas).—§ 611 (Çalyap.): IX, 11, 584 (yayā māyāmayān dṛpṭān subahūn G°e | jaghāna Guhyakān kruddho mandarārthe mahābalāḥ, sc. Bhīmasena, all. to § 432 or § 437).—§ 638b (Rāmopākhyāna): XII, 49, 1748 (Rāma gratified Mahādeva on G.).—§ 717b (Nārāyaṇīya): XII, 335, 12662; 343, 13267 (the Rshis Nara and Nārāyaṇa practised austerities on G. (in Badarī)); 344, 13336 (do.).—§ 731b (Ashṭāvakra-Dīksamv.): XIII, 21, 1526 (in the north).—§ 733e (Indratoyā): XIII, 25, 1698 (°sunnidhau Indratoyam).—§ 768b (Kṛshṇa Vāsudeva): XIII, 147, 6850 (Sanatkumāra, etc., dwell on G.).—§ 775 (Anuçāsanik.): XIII, 166a, 7658.

c5.s4.63

Gandhamādana², a monkey chief. § 535 (Setubandhana): III, 283a, 16273 (dwelt on the mountain Gandhamādana, came with 100,000 crores of monkeys to Rāma).

c5.s4.64

Gandhamādana³ = Rāvaṇa(?): II, 410 (Rākshasādhipatiḥ?).

c5.s4.65

[Gandhamādana-praveça(ḥ)] ("proceeding to the Gandhamādana"). § 419 (cf. Tīrthayātrāp.): *Yudhishṭhira in vain proposed that Bhīma should return with Kṛshṇa, Sahadeva, Dhaumya, the charioteers, cooks, etc., to Gaṅgādvāra, while Yudhishṭhira should proceed with Nakula and Lomaça. Bhīma promised to carry Kṛshṇa and the twins. Kṛshṇa said that she would be able to go. They entrusted to the Pulinda king (v. 10866, Kulindānām) Subāhu on the Himavat (inhabited by Kirātas, Taṅganas, and Pulindas), the servants Indrasena, etc., the cooks and stewards, and Draupadī's accoutrements, and began to proceed (III, 140).—§ 420: Yudhishṭhira complained to Bhīma that he had not seen Arjuna for five years. They now should, in company with brahmans of strict vows, enter Gandhamādana (b), etc. (III, 141).—§ 421: Exhorted by Lomaça, when they were about to go to the mountain Mandara (b), they adored Ākāçagaṅgā (v. 10902, read with B. puṇyā for puçyā) (c), and then proceeded with the rshis.—§ 422: Then they saw the homes of the Daitya Naraka (b) like to a white mountain.—§ 422 bis: Varāhāvatāra (q.v.), III, 142.—§ 423: As they, with the brahmans, entered Gandhamādana (b) a terrible wind arose, followed by showers of rain, lightuing, and torrents, during which they took shelter under trees, etc., Sahadeva carrying the sacred fire (agnihotrāṇi). When the tempest was over and the sun reappeared, they continued their journey (III, 143). When they had proceeded only a kroça, Draupadī sank down. Nakula ran forward and supported her, and the others hastily came, and Yudhishṭhira took her on his lap and lamented. Dhaumya and the other brahmans comforted and blessed him, and by reciting mantras capable of dispelling Rākshasas, and by performing ceremonies, while she was touched and fanned by the Pāṇḍavas, they made her regain her senses. The twins pressed her feet with their hands. Bhīma promised Yudhishṭhira to carry them all over the snowy mountains, "or Ghaṭotkaca will carry us all." With Yudhishṭhira's permission Bhīma thought of Ghaṭotkaca, who immediately came and was embraced by Bhīma (III, 144). Ghaṭotkaca carried Kṛshṇa through the air, and hundreds of other Rākshasas carried the Pāṇḍavas and the brahmans, while Lomaça moved along the path of the Siddhas. So they proceeded through regions inhabited by Mlecchas, Vidyādharas, monkeys, Kinnaras, Kimpurushas, Gandharvas, etc., and the northern Kurus, towards Kailāsa and Badarī (c), where they were received by the numerous rshis, and where they dwelt, beholding Maināka, Hiraṇyaçikkara, Bindusaras, and Bhāgīrathī, and offering oblations, etc. (III, 145).

c5.s4.66

Gandhapāḥ, a class of gods. § 730 (Anuçāsanik.): XIII, 18λ, †1372.

c5.s4.67

Gandhapālin = Çiva (1000 names*).

c5.s4.68

Gāndhāra, pl. (°āḥ), a people. § 304 (Anudyūtap.): II, 77, 2552 (°ānām yaçohara, i.e. Çakuni).—§ 562 (Bhagavadyānap.): V, 94, 3379 (Gāndhārāḥ Çakuniḥ G°air abhirakshitaḥ).—§ 574 (Jambūkh.): VI, 9μ, 361 (among the peoples of Bhāratavarsha).—§ 576 (Bhagavadgītāp.): VI, 20, †748 (followed Çakuni).—§ 578 (Bhīshmavadhap.): VI, 45ⁿ, 1744 (five Gāndhāras fought with the five Kaikeya princes); 51σ, 2104 (followed Bhīshma).—§ 580 (do.): VI, 58*, 2468 (*saha-Saubalaḥ, fought with Sātyaki and Abhimanyu*). —§ 582 (do.): VI, 71γ, 3132. —§ 585 (do.): VI, 90, 4000 (*i.e. Gaja, etc., the brothers of Ṣakuni*). —§ 589 (Droṇa-bhishekap.): VII, 4β, 120 (*had formerly been vanquished by Karṇa*). —§ 592 (Saṃcaptakavadhap.): VII, 20ζ, 802 (*in the back of Droṇa's garuḍavyūha*); 30, 1306 (*Saubala-pramukhān*), 1307 (500 Gāndhāras slain by Arjuna). —§ 593 (Abhimanyuvadhap.): VII, 49, 1933 (*seventy-seven Gāndhāras, followers of Kālikeya, slain by Abhimanyu*). —§ 598 (Jayadrathavadhap.): VII, 8γ, 3102 (*follow Jayadratha*). —§ 604 (Karṇap.): VIII, 8γ, 235 (*had formerly been vanquished by Karṇa and caused to pay tribute to Duryodhana*); 9θ, 283 (do.). —§ 607 (do.): VIII, 44λ, 2070; 45, 2078 (*follow bad practices*). —§ 608 (do.): VIII, 79, 4040 (*had formerly been vanquished by Karṇa*); 95, 4969 (*ūṇām sahasrena Ṣakuniḥ parivāritaḥ*). —§ 611 (Ṣalyap.): IX, 19, 1019 (*nihate Saubale vire G°eshu ca*). —§ 613 (Ṣalya-yuddhap.): IX, 33γ, 1913 (*mentioned among the slain*). —§ 641 (Rājadh.): XII, 650, 2429; 101σ, 3735 (*°aḥ Sindhu-sauvīrā nakharaprasāyodhinah*). —§ 664 (Mokshadh.): XII, 207θ, 7560 (*uttarāpathajanmānaḥ . . . Yavana-Kāmboja-G°aḥ*). —§ 785 (Anugītāp.): XIV, 83, 2184 (*viṣayam*); 84, 2486 (*Ṣakunes tanayo G°ānām mahārathaḥ*), 2492, 2493, 2498 (*caused by Arjuna to pay tribute when he followed the sacrificial horse*); 85, 2512 (*viṣaye*). —§ 793 (Mausalap.): XVI, 6, 159 (*had been vanquished by Kṛṣṇa*). Cf. Gāudhāra, pl. ; Gāndhari, pl.

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* Gāndhāra¹, name of a note: IV, 515; XII, 6859; XIV, 1419.

c5.s4.70

Gāndhāra² = Ṣakuni: II, 2529 (*°oidyaya*); IV, 1577 (C°); IX, 1464.

c5.s4.71

Gāndhāra³ = Ṣiva (1000 names²).

c5.s4.72

Gāndhāra, dual (*°au*) = Acala and Vṛshaka: VII, 1311.

c5.s4.73

Gāndhārādhipati, a certain king of the Gāndhāras: § 407 (Māndhātṛup.): III, 126, 10465 (*Somakulotpannaḥ, slain by Māndhātṛ*).

c5.s4.74

Gāndhāraka¹, pl. (*°āḥ*), a people = Gāndhāra, pl. § 589 (Droṇābhishekap.): VII, 7γ, 180 (*vimalaprāsayodhibhiḥ, followed Ṣakuni*). —§ 599 (Jayadrathavadhap.): VII, 95, 3532 (*saptaṭaṭaiṣ cāpacaktyasipānibhiḥ*). —§ 607 (Karṇap.): VIII, 40, 1845 (*Madrakeshu ca saṃsṛṣṭam ҫaucam G°eshu ca*).

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Gāndhāraka², adj. (*"originating from the country of the Gāndhāras"*): § 611 (Ṣalyap.): IX, 28, 1545 (*aҫvaiḥ*).

c5.s4.76

Gāndhāramukhya, dual (*°au*) = Acala and Vṛshaka: V, 5809.

c5.s4.77

Gāndhārapati (*"lord of the Gāndhāras"*) = Ṣakuni: VIII, †4065, †4323.

c5.s4.78

Gāndhārarāj (*"king of the Gāndhāras"*) = Ṣakuni: VII, 1609.

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Gāndhārarāja¹ (do.) = Ṣakuni: I, 146; III, 14816 (C°), 17309; V, †31, †854 (C°), †895 (*Ṣakuniḥ Pārvatīyaḥ*), 3379 (C°), 7609 (do.); VI, †748 (*Ṣakuniḥ Pārvatīyaḥ sārdham Gāndhāraiḥ*); VII, 1504 (Kitarah), 8901 (C°); VIII, †200, †3812, 4872; IX, 164, 1208, 1209; XI, 698.

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Gāndhārarāja² (do.) = Subala: I, 4373; VII, 1303 (*°sya sutau . . . Vṛshakalau*).

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Gāndhārarāja³ (do.) = the father of Gāndhārī¹, the wife of Kṛṣṇa: VII, 391 (*°sya sutām, i.e. Gāndhārī⁴*).

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Gāndhārarāja⁴ (do.) = the son of Ṣakuni: XIV, 2485 (*Ṣakunipatreṇa*), 2504 (*°sya janani*).

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Gāndhārarājaduhitṛ (*"daughter of the king of the Gāndhāras"*) = Gāndhārī¹: I, 4524.

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Gāndhārarājaputra (*"son of the king of the Gāndhāras"*) = Ṣakuni: I, 2440 (C°).

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Gāndhārarājaputra (do.) = the son of Ṣakuni: XIV, 2499.

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Gāndhārarājasya putra(ḥ) (do.) = Ṣakuni: I, 4377 (C°), 1204 (C°).

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Gāndhārarājasya putra(ḥ) (do.) = Ṣakuni: IX, 972 (C°), 1204 (C°).

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Gāndhārarājasya suta(ḥ) (do.) = Ṣakuni: V, †35.

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Gāndhāri = Duryodhana, q.v.

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Gāndhārī, pl. (*°ayaḥ*), a people = Gāndhāra, pl.): § 608 (Karṇap.): VIII, 46γ, 2135 (*followed Ṣakuni and Ulūka*).

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Gāndhārī¹, the daughter of the Gāndhāra king Subala, the wife of Dhṛtarāshṭra¹, and the mother of Duryodhana, etc. § 4 (Anukram.): I, 1, 99, †214. —§ 11 (Parvasaṅgr.): I, 2, 585, 587, 611. —[§ 83 (Ādivamҫāvatāraṇa): I, 63, 2441 (*Duryodhanasya jananī*).] —[§ 132 (Amҫāvat.): I, 67, 2791 (*Subalātmajā, incarnation of the goddess Mati*).] —§ 157 (Pūruvamҫ.): I, 95, 3809 (*tatra Dhṛtarāshṭrasya vījāḥ putraҫatun babhūva G°yām varadānād Dvaipāyanasya, all to § 180*). —§ 174 (Dhṛtarāshṭravivāha): I, 110, 4371 (*Subalātmajām*), 4372, 4374, 4375, 4380 (*G., who from Ṣiva had obtained the boon that she should have 100 sons, was married to Dhṛtarāshṭra; because Dhṛtarāshṭra was blind, G. bandaged her eyes*). —§ 180 (Gāndhāriputrotpatti): I, 115, 4483, 4485, 4486, 4489, 4491, 4493, (4497), 4520 (*birth of the 100 sons of G. and Dhṛtarāshṭra*). —§ 181 (Duḥҫalotpatti): I, 116, 4530 (*mother of Duḥҫalā*). —§ 190 (Pāṇḍavotpatti): I, 123, 4759. —§ 192 (do.): I, 124, 4838. —§ 194 (Pāṇḍu): I, 126, 4912. —§ 208 (Astradarҫana): I, 134, 5326, 5346. —§ 213 (Jaṭugṛhap.): I, 143, 5709 (*C. by error G°*). —§ 298 (Dyūtap.): II, 58, 2018, 2020. —§ 303 (Anudyūtap.): II, 75, 2179, 2489 (*recommended Dhṛtarāshṭra to abandon Duryodhana*). —§ 307 (do.): II, 81, 2690. —§ 314 (Āraṇyakap.): III, 9, 324. —§ 515 (Karṇadigvijaya): III, 254, 15264, 15270. —§ 516 (Duryodhanavajaya): III, 256, 15302. —§ 522 (Draupadīharaṇap.): III, 271, 15758 (*mother-in-law of Jayadratha, cf. I, 117*).

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—§ 561 (Yānasandhip.): V, 67, †2518, 2520; 69, 2546, (2517) (*rebuked Duryodhana*). —§ 567 (Bhagavalyānap.): V, 124α, 4125; 125, 4205; 129, 4310, 4314, 4315, 4317, (4318), 4327 (*rebuked Duryodhana*). —§ 569 (do.): V, 141, 4806; 147θ, 4963, 5000; [148, (*rebuked Duryodhana*); 149, 5040; 150, 5077, 5083. —§ 578 (Bhīshmaradhap): VI, 49, 1994. —§ 585 (do.): VI, 88κ, 3926; 89μ, 3937. —§ 604 (Karṇap.): VIII, 4ε, 77 (*lamcuted for Karṇa*). —§ 608 (do.): VIII, 96, 5036 (do.), 5038. —§ 609 (Ṣalyap.): IX, 1, 23 (do.), 42, 50, 52 (*G.'s lament when she is informed of the result of the battle*). —§ 615 (Gadāyuddhap.): IX, 62, 3501, 3502; 63, 3503, 3512, 3513, 3515, 3525, 3529, 3530, 3531, 3539, 3551, (γγ), 3561, 3567, 3571, 3572, 3576 (*comforted by Kṛṣṇa after the slaughter of Duryodhana*); 64, 3618. —§ 616 (Ṣauptikap.): X, 2, 101; 9, 508, 512 (*hataputra*). —§ 618 (Jalapradānikap.): XI, 1γ, 29; 8ζ, 222 (*Kaler amҫaḥ samutpanno G°yā jāthare, sc. as Duryodhana*); 10, 270, 272; 11ε, 293; 14, 360, 361, 366, 368, 369, 372, (373); 15, 381, (392), 400, (402), 405, 409, 413, 421 (*G., by a wrathful glance of her eyes, burnt the nail of a toe of Yudhishṭhira*). —§ 619 (Strīvilāpap.): XI, 16, 427 (*saw with her spiritual eye the slaughter of the Kurus*); 17β, 487, 489; 18γ, (519); 19δ, (547); 20ε, (568); 21, (603); 22η, (617); 23θ, (635); 24κ, (677); 25κ, (706), 742, (744), 752 (*having lamented to the dead warriors, G. cursed Kṛṣṇa that he and his kinsmen should perish after thirty-six years).

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— § 620 (Craddhap.): XI, 26, 756, 761. — § 635 (Rājadh.): XII, 37, 1383. — § 637 (do.): XII, 40a, 1448; 42y, 1494; 45e, 1542. — § 776 (Anuṣāsanik.): XIII, 167, 7704. — § 777 (Svargārohanik. p): XIII, 168, 7714. — § 778 (Açvamedhikap.): XIV, 1, 9. — § 783 (Anugītāp.): XIV, 52, 1505, 1506 (°paricārakāḥ), 1507. — § 785 (do.): XIV, 71r, 2060 (Subalātmajam); 78, 2294; 84, 2508. — § 787 (Āçramavāsap.): XV, 1, 2, 8, 11; 2, 40, 45 (Saubaleyī), 291, 300; 10, 306, 355; 14, 424; 15, 429, 436 (retired to the woods with Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Kuntī); 16, 419, 457; 18, 498, 502, 514; 19, 523, 525, 534; 20, 553, 555, 570. — § 788 (do.): XV, 21, 578, 584; 22, 598, 608; 24, 645, 649, 654; 278, 730; 28, 744. — § 789 (Putradarçanap.): XV, 29, 778, 782, 800, 814; 31, 843; 32, 870, 885 (sees her dead sons arise from the Gaṅgā). — § 791 (do.): XV, 36, 981, 983, 984, 1005. — § 792 (Nāradāgamanap.): XV, 37, 1017, 1021, 1024, 1027, 1039, 1041, 1045, 1049, 1051 (together with Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Kuntī, G. burnt to death in a wood flagration); 38a, 1062; 39, 1090, 1092 (the funeral rites of G., etc., are performed). — § 793 (Mausalap.): XVI, 2, 53 (the curse of G. (cf. XI, 25) is fulfilled); 4, †122 (do.); 6x, 163 (do.). — § 795 (Svargārohaṇap.): XVIII, 5μ, 161 (in heaven).

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Gāndhārarājaduhitṛ, q.v. Saubaleyī ("the daughter of Subala"): I, 4496, 4499, 4526; IX, 3561; XV, 45 (G°), 503. Saubalī (do.): I, 4504, 4536. Subalajā (do.): XV, 25. Subalasya putrī (do.): V, †5031. Subalasyātmajā (do.): I, 4367. Subalātmajā (do.): I, 2794 (incarnation of Mati), 4371 (G°); II, †2402; XI, 442; XIV, 2060 (G°).

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Gāndhārī, wife of Ajamīḍha. § 156 (Pūruvamç.): I, 95, ††3790.

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Gāndhārī, a goddess. § 506 (Skandayuddha): III, 231, 14562 (followed Pārvatī).

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Gāndhārī, wife of Kṛṣṇa. [§ 589 (Droṇābhishek.): VII, 11μ, 391 (tathā Gāndhārarājasya sutāṃ viraḥ svayaṃvare | nirjitya pṛthivīpālān avahat Puṣkarekṣaṇaḥ—i.e. Kṛṣṇa | amṛṣyamāṇa rājāno yasya jātyā hayā iva | rathe vaivāhike yuktaḥ pratodena kṛtavraṇaḥ).] — § 793 (Mausalap.): XVI, 7μ, 249 (among the wives of Kṛṣṇa who ascended his funeral pyre).

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Gāndhārīputra = Duryodhana, q.v.

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[Gāndhārīputrotpatti(ḥ)] ("birth of Gāndhārī's sons"). § 180 (Sambhavap.): One day Dvaipāyana, gratified with Gāndhārī's hospitality, granted her the boon that she should have 100 sons (cf. § 174). She had borne the burden in her womb for two years, when she heard that Kuntī had brought forth a son; she then struck her womb violently, and there came out a hard mass of flesh like an iron ball. When she was about to throw it away, Vyāsa appeared and caused her to put the ball of flesh, sprinkled with cool water and divided into 101 parts (each of the size of a thumb), into 101 pots filled with clarified butter, which were placed in a concealed spot. After having said that she should open the covers of the pots after two years, Vyāsa retired to Himavat in order to devote himself to asceticism. Duryodhana was younger than Yudhishṭhira, being born on the same day as Bhīma. As soon as Duryodhana was born he began to cry like an ass, and ill-portending omens appeared. Vidura, etc., in vain told Dhṛtarāṣṭra to abandon him. Within a month the 100 sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and one daughter were born. During the pregnancy of Gāndhārī, Dhṛtarāṣṭra begot the Karṇa Yuyutsu upon a maidservant of the Vaiçya class (I, 115).

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Gandharva, pl. (°āḥ), the celestial musicians or singers. § 4 (Anukram.): I, 1, 105 (1,400,000 verses of the Mhbhr. are known among the G.), 106 (Çaka recited the Mhbhr. to the G., the Yakṣas, and the Rakṣasas), †165 (all. to § 512). — § 11 (Parvasaṅgr.): I, 2, 369, 470 (all. to § 512). — § 18 (Paulomap.): I, 4, 855 (manuṣyoraga-G°kathā veda, sc. Çaunaka). — § 28 (Amṛtamanthana), I, 17, 1099 (Merum . . . deva-G°sevitam). — § 39 (Rāmaṇīyaka): I, 27, 1311 (°āpsarasāṃ priyaṃ, sc. the forest on Rāmaṇīyaka). — § 45 (Vālakhilya, pl.): I, 31, 1440. — § 46 (Garuḍa): I, 32, 1186 (fled before Garuḍa towards the east). — § 75 (Vasu): I, 63, 2366 (°āpsarasaḥ, worshipped Vasu Uparicara). — § 84 (Ādivamçāvataraṇap.): I, 64, 2495 (°āpsarobhiḥ, worship Brahmán), 2503 (°āpsarasāṃ gaṇān, were re-born among men). — § 85 (Amçāvat.): I, 65, 2513, 2514, 2515. — § 104 (do.): I, 65, 2559 (°sattamaḥ, enumeration of four G., sons of Prādhā). — § 105 (do.): I, 65, 2560 (amṛtaṃ brāhmaṇā gāvo G°āpsarasas tathā | apatyaṃ Kapilāyās tu Purāṇe parikīrtitam). — § 106 (do.): I, 65, 2561 (sambhavāḥ . . . G°āpsarasām). — § 130 (do.): I, 67, 2637 (°oraga-Rakṣasāṃ . . . sambhavaḥ). — § 131 (Karṇa): I, 67, 2781 (°oraga-Rakṣasām). — § 132 (Amçāvat.): I, 67, 2795 °āpsarasām . . . amçāvatāraṇam), 2798 (amçāvatāraṇam . . . deva-G°āpsarasām). — § 133 (Duṣhyanta): I, 68, 2799 (amçāvatāraṇam . . . G°āpsarasām); 70, 2858 (°āpsarasāṃ gaṇaiḥ). — § 142 (Nahusha): I, 75, 3152 (°oraga-Rākṣasān).

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— § 149 (Yayāti): I, 88, 3565, †3567 (surarshi G°-nara°). — § 175 (Karṇasambhava): I, 111, 4410 (°oraga-Rakṣasām). — § 185 (Pāṇḍu): I, 120, 4649 (ākṛḍabhūmim devānāṃ G°āpsarasāṃ tathā, in the north). — § 191 (Arjuna): I, 123, 4806 (°āpsarasaḥ, present at the birth of Arjuna), 4808 (do.), 4810 (enumeration). — § 211 (Sambhavap.): I, 139, 5534 (trivarshakṛtayajñas ta Gāṇam upaplave . . . Sauvirāḥ). — § 214 (Hiḍimbavadha): I, 152, 5960. — § 221 (Caitrarathap.): I, 168, 6444 (muhūrtaṃ . . . vihitam kāmacārāṇāṃ Yakṣa-G°-Rakṣasām), 6483 (°jānām açvānām, Citraratha gives 100 horses, born among the G., to each of the Pāṇḍavas), 6484 (°deva-G°vāḥ, sc. hayaḥ), 6489 (°jāḥ . . . hayaḥ), 6496 (Yakṣa-Rakṣasa-G°āḥ, know the history of the Kurus). — § 222 (Tapatyap.): I, 173, 6616 (giriçreshṭhe deva-G°sevite). — § 233 (Svayamvarap.): I, 187, †7011 (Viçrāvasur Nārada-Parvatau G°mukhyāḥ, present at the svayamvara of Draupadī), †7017 (devarshi-G°samākulam . . . antarīksham). — § 246 (Sundopasundop.): I, 212, 7713 (deva-G°-Yakṣāṇām . . . sarvaratnāni). — § 252 (Subhadrāharaṇap.): I, 219, 7912 (?"musicians," PCR.), 7913 (do.), 7917 (do.). — § 257c (Gāṇḍīva), I, 225, 8182 (deva-Dānava-G°āḥ pūjitam, sc. Gāṇḍīvam). — § 258 (Khāṇḍavadah.): I, 227, 8256 (attack Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna); 228, 8304 (Yakṣa-Rākṣasa-G°-nara-Kinnara-pannagaiḥ). — § 264 (Sabhākriyāp.): II, 4, 131 (°āpsarasaḥ, together with Citrasena, present in the palace of Yudhishṭhira), 132.

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— § 265 (Lokapālasabhākhy.): II, 5, 135 (in the palace of Yudhishṭhira). — § 266 (Çakrasabhāv.): II, 7, 305 (in the palace of Yama). — § 267 (Yamasabhāv.): II, 8, 349 (in the palace of Yama). — § 268 (Varuṇasabhāv.): II, 9, 378 (°āpsarasāṃ gaṇaiḥ, in the palace of Varuṇa).—§ 269 (Vaiçravaṇasabhāv.): II, 10, 391 (in the palace of Kubera), 395 (°apsarasāṃ gaṇāḥ, do.), 396 (Kinnarā nāma G°ā narā nāma tathāpare, do.), 401, 406 (°aṇāṃ patayaḥ, sc. Viçvāvasu, etc.), 407, 411.—§ 270 (Brahmasabhāv.): II, 11, 445 (°apsarasāṃ gaṇāḥ, in the palace of Brahmán), 472 (°apsarasāḥ, do.).—§ 271 (Lokapāla-sabhākh.): II, 12, 481 (°apsarasāḥ, in the palace of Kubera), 483 (in the palace of Indra).—§ 279 (Arjuna): II, 28, 1042 (°rakṣitam deçam, in the north, conquered by Arjuna).—§ 310b (Sūrya): III, 3, 170 (Siddha-Cāraṇa-G°āḥ, follow the chariot of the Sun).—§ 322 (Draitavanaprav.): III, 24, 925 (°apsarasāṃ, sc. lokam).—§ 327 (Draupadīparitāpav.): III, 31, 1188 (°asura-Rākṣasāḥ).—§ 335 (Indralokābh.): III, 42, 1726 (accompanied Indra).—§ 336 (do.): III, 43, 1764 (in the world of Indra), 1765, 1783 (Tumburuçreṣṭhāḥ).—§ 337 (do.): III, 44, 1788.—§ 338 (do.): III, 46, 1830 (Siddha-Cāraṇa-G°āḥ), 1843.—§ 357 (Tīrthayātrāp.): III, 82, 4064 (°apsarasāḥ, in Puṣkara).—§ 359 (Vaḍavā): III, 82, 5036 (°apsarasāṃ gaṇāḥ, in Vaḍavā).—§ 361 (Kuru-kṣetra): III, 83, 5076 (°apsarasāḥ, in Kurukṣetra).—§ 370 (Tīrthayātrāp.): III, 84, 7083 (Siddha-Cāraṇa-G°āḥ, in Saugandhikavana), 8024 (Sindhoḥ prabhavam . .

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Siddha-G°sevitam); 85, 8168 (Siddha-Cāraṇa-G°-mānuṣāḥ, in Gokarna).—§ 373 (Prayāga): III, 85, 8215 (in Prayāga).—§ 377 (Dhaumyatīrthak.): III, 90, 8391 (°Yakṣa-Rakṣobhiḥ . . sevitam . . çailam).—§ 383b (Gaṅgā): III, 99, 8646 (Bhāgīrathī . . . deva-G°sevitā).—§ 383 (Paraçurāma): III, 99, 8674 (seen in the body of Rāma Dāçarathi).—§ 386 (Agastyop.): III, 104, 8800 (manuṣyora-G°-Kimpuruṣāḥ), 8804 (devāḥ sa-G°mahoragāḥ); 105, †8810 (°tūryeṣu).—§ 387 (Sagara): III, 107, 8854 (°Rākṣasān).—§ 389 (Gaṅgāvataraṇa): III, 109, 9954 (°oraga-Yakṣāḥ).—§ 418c (Mandara): III, 139, 10825 (on Mandara).—§ 423 (Gandhamādanap.): III, 143, 10968 °apsarasāṃ priyam . . Gandhamādanam); 145, 11027, 11036 (deçe . . . deva-G°sevite).—§ 424 (Bhīmakadolī-khaṇḍap.): III, 146, 11089 (Yakṣa-G°-sura-Brahmarṣi-gaṇasevitam), 11098 (Yakṣa-G°yoshābhiḥ).—§ 425 (Hanūmad-Bhīmasenasamv.): III, 148, 11220.—§ 426 (Kṛtayuga): III, 149, 11236 (did not exist in the Kṛtayuga).—§ 432 (Saugandhikāharaṇa): III, 153, 11358 (ākṛīḍam rājarājasya Kuberasya . . . G°āiḥ . . paramārcitam); 154, 11372 (°apsarasāḥ).—§ 436 (Yakṣayuddhap.): III, 158, 11620, 11623 (°apsarobhiḥ); 159, 11645 (°apsarasāṃ gaṇāḥ).—§ 437 (do.): III, 160, 11682 (°oraga-Rakṣāṃsi), 11708 (Yakṣa-Rākṣasā-G°āḥ).—§ 438 (do.): III, 161, 11765 (deva-G°āḥ), 11773 (Yakṣa-G°āḥ), 11777; 162, 11813 (°Yakṣāḥ), 11824.§ 440 (do.): III, 164, 11884 (°saṅghāḥ).—§ 441 (Nivāta-kavacayuddhap.): III, 166, 11920 (°apsarasāṃ gaṇāḥ).—§ 443 (do.): III, 168, 12001 (gaṇāḥ . .

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