貞元新定釋教目錄 18.4

Gu jing lu (Catalogue of Ancient Sūtras), one scroll.
The above: upon examining various old catalogues, many refer to it as the Ancient Catalogue. It seems to be the catalogue of sūtras brought by Śramaṇa Shilifang and others during the time of the First Emperor of Qin.
Jiu jing lu (Former Catalogue of Sūtras), one scroll.
The above: it seems that when Liu Xiang of the Former Han collated books, he occasionally came across Buddhist sūtras in the imperial library. That is, it refers to a catalogue of ancient stored sūtras, meaning those hidden in the walls of Confucius' house, or those hidden among the people during the King of Qin's burning of books.
Han shi fojing mulu (Catalogue of Buddhist Sūtras of the Han Dynasty), one scroll.
The above: it seems that when Kāśyapa Mātanga first translated the Sūtra of Forty-two Sections during the time of Emperor Ming, he then compiled this catalogue.
Zhu Shixing Han lu (Han Catalogue by Zhu Shixing), one scroll.
The above: Śramaṇa Zhu Shixing of Yingchuan during the Cao-Wei dynasty lectured on the Daoxing jing in Luoyang, and thereupon authored this catalogue. Later he traveled to the Western Regions to seek sūtras, and passed away there.
Zhongjing lu (Catalogue of the Canon), one scroll.
The above: Śramaṇa Dharmarakṣa of the Western Regions, residing at the Great Monastery outside Qingmen in Chang'an during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Western Jin, translated various sūtras and thereupon issued this catalogue.
Zhongjing lu (Catalogue of the Canon), one scroll.
The above: during the Yongjia era of Emperor Huai of the Western Jin, the pure devotee Nie Daozhen received instruction as Dharmarakṣa's scribe. Later, when he translated sūtras himself, he issued this catalogue.
Zhao lu (Catalogue of the Zhao), one scroll.
The above: it seems to refer to various catalogues from the time of the Two Zhao dynasties; noted from afar, the compiler's surname and given name are unknown.
Zongli zhongjing mulu (Comprehensive Catalogue of the Canon), one scroll.
The above: compiled by the śramaṇa Shi Dao'an during the Fu Qin dynasty. Before this, the various catalogues merely listed the titles of sūtras. As for their classification and historical period, they were entirely omitted and unrecorded. Later people who perused them could not determine their origins. Dao'an then collected all the titles, indicated their periods, assessed and classified the new and the old, and determined their authorship. Sūtras had evidential support, and from this time on they became clear. Subsequent catalogues relied on it and expanded it. Thus we know that his lofty conception and solitary insight were sufficient to bequeath a model to posterity. The text he compiled is found in Sengyou's catalogue.
Er Qin lu (Catalogue of the Two Qin), one scroll.
The above: compiled by Śramaṇa Shi Sengrui of Chang'an during the Hongshi era of Yao Xing of the Later Qin. Sengrui was a disciple of Dao'an. His spiritual faculties were clear and penetrating, and his intellect preeminent. He participated in translation within Kumārajīva's school and authored and compiled many works.
Zhongjing lu (Catalogue of the Canon), four scrolls:
Catalogue of the Wei Era;
Catalogue of the Wu Era;
Catalogue of the Jin Era;
Catalogue of the Hexi Era.
The above: initiated by Shi Daoliu, a disciple of Master Huiyuan of Donglin Monastery on Mount Lu in the Eastern Jin. He died before completing it, and his fellow student Zhu Daozu continued and finished it.
Jinglun doulu (General Catalogue of Sūtras and Śāstras), one scroll; Bielu (Detailed Catalogue), one scroll.
The above: compiled by Śramaṇa Zhi Mindu of Mount Yuzhang during the reign of Emperor Cheng of the Eastern Jin. He collated all sūtras past and present, and therefore compiled the General Catalogue. Mindu also compiled a Separate Catalogue in one section.
Zhongjing mulu (Catalogue of the Canon), two scrolls.
The above: compiled by Śramaṇa Shi Wangzong during the time of Emperor Wu of the Southern Qi; seen in the Liang Sanzang ji.
Shi Michong lu (Catalogue by Shi Michong), one scroll (a native of the capital of Southern Qi, Yangdu; some say Hongchong, but it is not clear which is correct);
Shi Daohui Song Qi lu (Catalogue of the Song and Qi by Shi Daohui), one scroll (Southern Qi);
Shi Daoping lu (Catalogue by Shi Daoping), one scroll (Northern Qi);
Shi Zhengdu lu (Catalogue by Shi Zhengdu), one scroll;
Wang Cheqi lu (Catalogue by General of Chariots and Cavalry Wang), one scroll;
Shixing lu (Catalogue of Shixing), one scroll (author unknown; also called the Southern Catalogue);
Lushan lu (Mount Lu Catalogue), one scroll;
Cen Hao lu (Catalogue by Cen Hao), one scroll;
Bodhiruci lu (Catalogue by Bodhiruci), one scroll (an Indian śramaṇa of Yongning Monastery in the capital Luoyang under the Northern Wei);
Hualin fodian zhongjing mulu (Catalogue of the Canon in the Hualin Buddha Hall), four scrolls (compiled by imperial decree by Śramaṇa Sengshao in the fourteenth year of the Tianjian era of the Liang);
Sui shamend Shi Lingyu yijing lu (Catalogue of Translated Sūtras by Śramaṇa Shi Lingyu of the Sui), one scroll (in Fei Changfang's catalogue, the character 'Sui' is absent);
Zhongjing doulu (General Catalogue of the Canon), eight scrolls (seems to be a combination of various authors; author unknown).
The above lists catalogues by twenty-five authors. The two catalogues by Fei Changfang and Daoxuan state: 'The above catalogues exist in historical records and biographies, but their actual texts have not been seen; hence only their titles are listed.'
Zhongjing bielu (Separate Catalogue of the Canon), two scrolls (author unknown; the style resembles the Liu Song period; divided overall into ten categories, detailed as below):
Catalogue of Mahāyāna Sūtras, one scroll (370 works, 779 fascicles);
Catalogue of the Shared Teaching of the Three Vehicles, second (51 works, 97 fascicles);
Catalogue of the Mahāyāna within the Three Vehicles, third (17 works, 28 fascicles);
The above three catalogues total 438 works, 914 fascicles.
Catalogue of Hīnayāna Sūtras, fourth (436 works, 610 fascicles);
The fifth section is missing in the original (this omission in the original catalogue does not indicate works, presumably because they were dispersed among other catalogues);
Catalogue of Unclassified Mahāyāna and Hīnayāna Works, sixth (174 works, 184 fascicles);
Catalogue of Suspected Sūtras, seventh (17 works, 20 fascicles);
Catalogue of the Vinaya, eighth (12 works, 195 fascicles);
Catalogue of the Numerical [Categories], ninth (6 works, 121 fascicles);
Catalogue of Śāstras, tenth (6 works, 152 fascicles).
The lower seven catalogues above total 651 works, 1,682 fascicles. Combining the upper and lower parts, there are ten sections, totaling 1,089 works, 2,596 fascicles.
(When collating the number of works in the lower seven catalogues, they match, but the fascicle count is 400 fewer; the reason is not clear).
Northern Wei Zhongjing mulu (Catalogue of the Canon of the Northern Wei) (compiled by imperial decree by the Secretariat Drafter Li Guo in the Yongxi era, one scroll):
Catalogue of Mahāyāna Sūtras, 1 (214 works);
Catalogue of Mahāyāna Śāstras, 2 (29 works);
Catalogue of Mahāyāna Sūtras with Sub-commentaries, 3 (12 works);
Catalogue of Translated Mahāyāna Sūtras and Śāstras, 4 (13 works);
Catalogue of Mahāyāna Sūtras and Vinaya, 5 (69 works);
Catalogue of Hīnayāna Śāstras, 6 (2 works);
Catalogue of Sūtras with Titles but No Texts Obtained, 7 (16 works);
Catalogue of Inauthentic Sūtras, 8 (62 works);
Catalogue of Inauthentic Śāstras, 9 (4 works);
Catalogue of Utterly Inauthentic Sūtras Fabricated by Foolish Persons, 10 (11 works).
Total of the ten categories of authentic and spurious sūtras, vinayas, and śāstras: 427 works, 2,053 fascicles.
Liang Dynasty Zhongjing mulu (Catalogue of the Canon of the Liang Dynasty):
Zhongjing mulu (Catalogue of the Canon), scroll 1 (compiled by imperial decree by Śramaṇa Baochang in the seventeenth year of the Tianjian era):
With known translators, multiple fascicles, 1 (Mahāyāna, 262 works, 674 fascicles);
Without known translators, multiple fascicles, 2 (69 works, 467 fascicles);
With known translators, single fascicle, 3 (5 works, 19 fascicles);
Without known translators, single fascicle, 4 (90 works, 90 fascicles).
Zhongjing mulu (Catalogue of the Canon), scroll 2 (98 works, 98 fascicles):
With known translators, multiple fascicles, 1 (17 works, 120 fascicles);
Without known translators, multiple fascicles, 2 (5 works, 17 fascicles);
With known translators, single fascicle, 3 (50 works, 50 fascicles);
Without known translators, single fascicle, 4 (213 works, 213 fascicles).
Zhongjing mulu (Catalogue of the Canon), scroll 3 (312 works, 1,681 fascicles).

1. Earlier Variant Translations of Sūtras (forty-five works in multiple fascicles totaling two hundred seventy-nine fascicles; thirty-eight works in thirty-eight fascicles)
2. Meditation Sūtras (nine works in multiple fascicles totaling thirty-eight fascicles; thirty-one works in thirty-one fascicles)
3. Precepts and Vinaya (sixty-eight works in two hundred seventy-five fascicles)
4. Doubtful Sūtras (sixty-two works in sixty-seven fascicles)
5. Commentaries on Sūtras (forty works in two hundred forty-six fascicles)
6. Numerical Treatises (thirty-one works in three hundred sixty-seven fascicles)
7. Doctrinal Notes (thirty-eight works in three hundred forty fascicles)
Catalogue of Canonical Texts, Fascicle Four (one hundred twenty-nine works in nine hundred eighty-five fascicles; a later check of the number of works found five missing, showing a discrepancy)
1. Distinct Titles According to Subject (thirteen works in four hundred thirteen fascicles)
2. Shared Titles According to Subject (thirty-five works in four hundred seventy fascicles)
3. Parables (fifteen works in thirty-six fascicles)
4. Names of Buddhas (fourteen works in nineteen fascicles)
5. Divine Incantations (forty-seven works in forty-seven fascicles)
Totaling four fascicles and twenty sections, altogether one thousand four hundred thirty-three works in three thousand seven hundred forty-one fascicles.
Catalogue of Canonical Texts of the Northern Qi (compiled by the Controller of Śramaṇas Fashang, Sanskrit name Dharmottara, in the Wuping era), complete in one fascicle:
1. Newly Composed Catalogue (two hundred ninety-one works in eight hundred seventy-four fascicles)
2. Sūtra Catalogue (one hundred seventy-nine works in three hundred thirty fascicles)
3. Vinaya Catalogue (nineteen works in two hundred fifty-six fascicles)
4. Abhidharma Catalogue (fifty works in four hundred twenty-one fascicles)
5. Supplementary Catalogue (thirty-seven works in seventy-four fascicles)
6. Catalogue of Sūtra Excerpts (one hundred twenty-seven works in one hundred thirty-seven fascicles)
7. Catalogue of Compilations (thirty-three works in one hundred forty-seven fascicles)
8. Catalogue of Works by Humans (fifty-one works in one hundred six fascicles)
Totaling eight sections, canonical texts, vinayas, and treatises, genuine and spurious, seven hundred eighty-seven works in two thousand three hundred thirty-four fascicles.
Comparing this overall total with the previous figures, eleven fascicles are missing; the reason for this discrepancy is unclear.
From the Zhongjing bielu downward, the chapter titles of these four catalogues are listed completely in both the Changfang Catalogue and the Neidian Catalogue. Now, seeking the texts, they have not been obtained; only their titles are preserved in full.
Catalogue of Canonical Texts of the Tang, five fascicles (compiled by the śramaṇa Xuanwan of Puguang Monastery in the early Zhenguan era; cited in the Neidian Catalogue)
The above is cited in the Neidian Catalogue as the "Tang Old Catalogue." Its text has not been seen. It seems to have taken the Sui five-fascicle Catalogue of Canonical Texts and inserted newly translated sūtras, the rest being largely the same.
Catalogue of Canonical Texts, five fascicles (adding Xuanzang's translations into the Sui Catalogue, otherwise with no difference), compiled by the śramaṇa Jingtai of Dajing Monastery of the Great Tang.
The above thirty-one catalogues from the Gu lu downward: although all are fully described, if one wishes to seek their texts, it is difficult to find them completely. We provisionally list their titles so that it may be known they have a basis. (The compiler notes: In addition, the Changfang Catalogue cites the Yichengsi canglu, and the Zhou Catalogue cites the Zhenjisi lu, the Yishansi lu, and the Fasi lu. The above five catalogues cite only their names without stating the number of fascicles. There is also the Chen Dynasty Dashengsi canglu in four fascicles, none of which have known authors; they appear to be brief records of the scriptures stored in those respective monasteries. Since their circumstances are limited to monastery collections, they cannot circulate widely as official catalogues, so their descriptions are omitted and not recorded here.)
Collection of Records on the Translation of the Tripiṭaka of the Liang, fifteen fascicles.
Its preface states in brief: "Sengyou, mediocre and shallow, has ventured to rely upon the Dharma door. Looking up to the profound teaching, I vowed to propagate the great transformation. At dawn and dusk I recited and maintained it; during autumn and summer I expounded it; never did my mind fail to hasten to the Mango Grove, or my reflection to leap upon Vulture Peak. Thereupon, dragging forward my feeble resolve, I followed the waves and sought the source, stringing together what I had heard, naming it Collection of Records on the Translation of the Tripiṭaka. First, compiling records of origins; second, evaluating the catalogue of titles; third, assembling the sūtra prefaces; fourth, recounting the biographies. When the records of origins are compiled, the original foundation is clearly illuminated. When the catalogue of titles is evaluated, the record of eras will not fall into decay. When the sūtra prefaces are assembled, the occasions of excellent gatherings can be adequately verified. When the biographies are recounted, the character of those figures can be observed. Together, they drill into and analyze the inner scriptures, and examine and mirror the outer writings," and so forth.
Collection of Records on the Translation of the Tripiṭaka, Fascicle One (Fascicle 1 compiles records of origins; Fascicles 2 through 5 evaluate the catalogue of titles; Fascicles 6 through 12 assemble sūtra prefaces; Fascicles 13 through 15 recount biographies):
1. Record of the Origins of the Compilation of the Tripiṭaka (extracted from the Da zhidu lun)
2. Record of the Five Hundred Arhats' Compilation of the Tripiṭaka in the Daśabhāṇavāra-vinaya
3. Record of the Compilation of the Eight Pitakas in the Bodhisattvagarbha-sūtra
4. Record of Similarities and Differences in the Written Script, Pronunciation, and Meaning of Translations between Central Asian and Chinese (should say Indic and Chinese)
5. Record of the Differences in Earlier and Later Translations of Sūtras
Collection of Records on the Translation of the Tripiṭaka, Fascicle Two:
1. Newly Compiled Catalogue of Translated Sūtras, Vinayas, and Treatises
2. Newly Compiled Section-by-Section Analysis of Variant Translations of Sūtras
3. Newly Compiled Preface to the Catalogue of the Four Divisions of the Vinaya
Collection of Records on the Translation of the Tripiṭaka, Fascicle Three:
1. Newly Compiled Master Dao'an's Catalogue of Ancient Variant Sūtras (ninety-two works in ninety-two fascicles)
2. Newly Compiled Master Dao'an's Catalogue of Sūtras of Lost Translators (one hundred forty-two works in two hundred forty-seven fascicles)
3. Newly Compiled Master Dao'an's Catalogue of Variant Sūtras from the Liang Region (fifty-nine works in seventy-nine fascicles)
4. Newly Compiled Master Dao'an's Catalogue of Variant Sūtras from the Guanzhong Region (twenty-four works in thirty-four fascicles)
5. Newly Compiled Record of the Division of the Vinaya into Five Sections (extracted from the Vibhāṣā)
6. Newly Compiled Record of the Division of the Vinaya into Eighteen Sections
7. Newly Compiled Record of the Four Divisions of the Vinaya Coming to the Land of Han
Collection of Records on the Translation of the Tripiṭaka, Fascicle Four:
1. Newly Compiled Continued Catalogue of Miscellaneous Sūtras of Lost Translators (one thousand three hundred six works in one thousand five hundred seventy fascicles)
Collection of Records on the Translation of the Tripiṭaka, Fascicle Five:
1. Newly Compiled Catalogue of Sūtra Excerpts (forty-six works in three hundred fifty-two fascicles)
2. Newly Compiled Master Dao'an's Catalogue of Doubtful Sūtras (twenty-six works in thirty fascicles)
3. Newly Compiled Miscellaneous Catalogue of Doubtful Sūtras and Spurious Compositions (thirty works in twenty-six fascicles)
4. Newly Compiled Master Dao'an's Commentaries on Sūtras and Record of New Sūtras (forty-eight works in two hundred fifty-nine fascicles)
5. Record of the Deviant Rites Fabricated by Zhu Fadu, a Deluded Student of the Hīnayāna
6. Clarifying Doubts by Dharma Master Sengrui of Chang'an
Collection of Records on the Translation of the Tripiṭaka, Fascicle Six (ten prefaces, including the preface to the Forty-two Sections Sūtra)
Collection of Records on the Translation of the Tripiṭaka, Fascicle Seven (twenty prefaces, including the Daoxing jing)
Collection of Records on the Translation of the Tripiṭaka, Fascicle Eight (nineteen prefaces, including the Prajñā Abridgement)
Collection of Records on the Translation of the Tripiṭaka, Fascicle Nine (twenty-four records, including the Avataṃsaka-sūtra record)
Collection of Records on the Translation of the Tripiṭaka, Fascicle Ten (twenty-one prefaces, including the Daodi jing preface)
Collection of Records on the Translation of the Tripiṭaka, Fascicle Eleven (sixteen prefaces, including the Mūlamadhyamakakārikā preface)
Collection of Records on the Translation of the Tripiṭaka, Fascicle Twelve (ten miscellaneous records and narrative accounts)

Chu sanzang ji ji, fascicle 13 (Biographies of An Shigao and others, 13).
Chu sanzang ji ji, fascicle 14 (Biographies of Kumārajīva and others, 10).
Chu sanzang ji ji, fascicle 15 (Biographies of Bo Fazu and others, 10).
(The compiler says: The structural principles devised in Sengyou's catalogue are impressive. Yet if one examines them closely, errors are not lacking. For example, in fascicle 1, in the former "Account of Variant Translations of Sūtras," it says: "In the old translations, [it was] dasa'ajie aluohe sanyesanfo (tathāgato ’rhan samyaksaṃbuddhaḥ); in the new translations, anouduoluo sanmiaosanputi (anuttarasamyaksaṃbodhi)." This is the first mistake. If one correlates the old and new, one should say: "In the old translations, dasa'ajie aluohe sanyesanfo; in the new translations, duotuo'ajiedu aluohe sanmiaosanfeduo. In the old translations, anouduoluo sanyesanpu; in the new translations, anouduoluo sanmiaosanputi." These two meanings are entirely distinct and must not be conflated. Furthermore, Dharmarakṣa (Tanmoluochai) and Zhu Fahu are simply one person—tanmo means "dharma" (fa) and luochai means "protection" (hu)—yet he divided them into two persons. This is the second mistake. In the catalogue of variant translations of sūtras and treatises, whenever the titles were merely similar, he immediately called them re-translations without making a careful critical distinction, conflating Mahāyāna and Hīnayāna. This is the third mistake. Regarding the old Guanding Yaoshi [jing], he treated it as an excerpted compilation by Huijian of the Song dynasty and entered it into the catalogue of doubtful and apocryphal works. This is the fourth mistake. In addition, within the collection of prefaces, there are frequent discrepancies with the previously listed translators and eras, lacking meticulous cross-checking. This is the fifth mistake. Compared to other works, however, its blunders are exceedingly few; this is merely a minor blemish on a precious gem).
Sui Catalogue of the Various Sūtras in seven fascicles (One fascicle of General Catalogue; compiled by twenty Venerable Masters including Fajing at the imperial translation bureau in the fourteenth year of Kaihuang).
Mahāyāna Sūtrapiṭaka Catalogue 1 (six sections, total 784 works in 1,718 fascicles):
Various sūtras in single translations section (total 133 works in 421 fascicles);
Various sūtras in variant translations section (total 195 works in 532 fascicles);
Various sūtras with lost translators section (total 134 works in 275 fascicles);
Various sūtras of separate extractions section (total 221 works in 264 fascicles);
Various sūtras of doubtful authenticity section (total 21 works in 30 fascicles);
Various sūtras of apocryphal fabrication section (total 80 works in 196 fascicles).
Hīnayāna Sūtrapiṭaka Catalogue 2 (six sections, total 842 works—recalculated as [8]45 works—in 1,301 fascicles—recalculated as [1,]304 fascicles):
Various sūtras in single translations section (total 72 works in 292 fascicles);
Various sūtras in variant translations section (total 100 works in 370 fascicles);
Various sūtras with lost translators section (total 250 works in 272 fascicles);
Various sūtras of separate extractions section (total 341 works in 346 fascicles);
Various sūtras of doubtful authenticity section (total 29 works in 31 fascicles);
Various sūtras of apocryphal fabrication section (total 53 works in 93 fascicles).
Mahāyāna Vinayapiṭaka Catalogue 3 (six sections, total 50 works in 82 fascicles):
Various vinayas in single translations section (total 12 works in 32 fascicles);
Various vinayas in variant translations section (total 7 works in 7 fascicles);
Various vinayas with lost translators section (total 12 works in 14 fascicles);
Various vinayas of separate extractions section (total 16 works in 16 fascicles);
Various vinayas of doubtful authenticity section (total 1 work in 2 fascicles);
Various vinayas of apocryphal fabrication section (total 2 works in 11 fascicles).
Hīnayāna Vinayapiṭaka Catalogue 4 (six sections, total 63 works in 381 fascicles):
Various vinayas in single translations section (total 15 works in 198 fascicles);
Various vinayas in variant translations section (total 8 works in 126 fascicles);
Various vinayas with lost translators section (total 29 works in 45 fascicles);
Various vinayas of separate extractions section (total 3 works in 3 fascicles);
Various vinayas of doubtful authenticity section (total 6 works in 6 fascicles);
Various vinayas of apocryphal fabrication section (total 2 works in 3 fascicles).
Mahāyāna Abhidharmapiṭaka 5 (six sections, total 68 works in 281 fascicles):
Various treatises in single translations section (total 42 works in 206 fascicles);
Various treatises in variant translations section (total 8 works in 52 fascicles);
Various treatises with lost translators section (total 1 work in 2 fascicles);
Various treatises of separate extractions section (total 15 works in 19 fascicles);
Various treatises of doubtful authenticity section (total 1 work in 1 fascicle);
Various treatises of apocryphal fabrication section (total 1 work in 1 fascicle).
Hīnayāna Abhidharmapiṭaka 6 (six sections, total 116 works in 482 fascicles):
Various treatises in single translations section (total 14 works in 276 fascicles);
Various treatises in variant translations section (total 8 works in 66 fascicles);
Various treatises with lost translators section (total 5 works in 22 fascicles);
Various treatises of separate extractions section (total 86 works in 107 fascicles);
Various treatises of doubtful authenticity section (total 1 work in 1 fascicle);
Various treatises of apocryphal fabrication section (total 2 works in 10 fascicles).
Catalogue of Excerpted Compilations after the Buddha's Nirvāṇa 7 (two sections, total 144 works in 627 fascicles):
Excerpted compilations by sages and saints of the Western Regions section (total 48 works in 119 fascicles);
Excerpted compilations by various masters of this land section (total 96 works in 508 fascicles).
Catalogue of Biographies after the Buddha's Nirvāṇa 8 (two sections, total 33 works in 30 fascicles):
Biographies of sages and saints of the Western Regions section (total 13 works in 155 fascicles);
Biographies of various masters of this land section (total 55 works in 155 fascicles).
Catalogue of Compositions after the Buddha's Nirvāṇa 9 (two sections, total 119 works in 134 fascicles):
Compositions by sages and saints of the Western Regions section (total 15 works in 19 fascicles);
Compositions by various masters of this land section (total 104 works in 115 fascicles).
The above nine catalogues total 2,257 works in 5,310 fascicles (recalculated as 2,254 works in 5,191 fascicles; a detailed audit of the Detailed Catalogue's works and fascicles also differs from the General Catalogue).
Divided into six fascicles, with the General Catalogue as the seventh, making ten fascicles in all.
(The compiler says: In examining the rest of this, errors are not lacking. For instance, Tanmoluochai is in the Jin language Zhu Fahu; they are completely the same person. In the catalogue, he is divided into two, stating that he produced the Xuzhen tianzi jing in two fascicles and classifying it as a re-translation, failing to recognize Sanskrit and Jin words; this is the first mistake. As for the Lü ershi'er mingliao lun, it is entirely a single text, yet in the catalogue it is divided into two works: the Lü [in] twenty-two fascicles is classified among the Vinaya, while the Mingliao lun in one fascicle is in

to the Śāstra Catalogue, dividing the title of a single text into two catalogues: this is the second error. As for the Vinaya in twenty-two fascicles, that is actually part of the title of the *Mingliao lun* (Clear Meaning Treatise), yet here it is called 'twenty-two fascicles'—an extreme error! Paramārtha translated it in twelve fascicles; the two texts do not differ. Placing them into two sections and calling them separate translations is the third error. Placing the *Benevolent Kings Sūtra* (*Renwang jing*), the *Awakening of Faith* (*Qixin lun*), and others among the doubtful works is the fourth error. Being unable to present everything in detail, I have summarized it briefly in this way.)

Sui dynasty *Kaihuang Sanbao lu* (Kaihuang Record of the Three Jewels) in fifteen fascicles (titled inside as the *Lidai sanbao ji* [Chronicle of the Three Jewels Through the Ages])
Compiled in the seventeenth year of Kaihuang by Fei Changfang, Scholar of the Translation Bureau of Xingshan Monastery, from Chengdu.
*Lidai sanbao ji*, Fascicle 1 (Imperial Chronology, Part 1: Zhou and Qin).
From the tenth year of King Zhuang of the Zhou dynasty (jiawu) to the year jiawu of Ziying, son of the First Emperor of Qin, a total of 26 rulers and 481 years.
*Lidai sanbao ji*, Fascicle 2 (Imperial Chronology, Part 2: Former Han, Xin Dynasty, and Later Han).
From the first year of Emperor Gao of the Former Han (yiwei) to the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an under Emperor Xian of the Later Han (yihai), a total of 26 rulers and 415 years.
*Lidai sanbao ji*, Fascicle 3 (Imperial Chronology, Part 3: Records of Wei, Jin, Song, Qi, Liang, and Zhou).
From the first year of Huangchu of Emperor Wen of Wei (gengzi) to the seventeenth year of Kaihuang of the Sui dynasty (dingsi), a total of 40 rulers and 378 years.
*Lidai sanbao ji*, Fascicle 4: Translated Sūtras: Later Han.
Above: from the tenth year of Yongping of Emperor Ming (dingmao) to the final years of Emperor Xian, spanning 11 rulers and 152 years. Twelve monastic and lay individuals, Chinese and foreign, together with ancient texts of lost translator, produced a total of 334 works of sūtras and vinaya in 416 fascicles.
*Lidai sanbao ji*, Fascicle 5: Translated Sūtras: Wei and Wu.
Above: produced by ten monastic and lay individuals of the two dynasties of Wei and Wu—sūtras, vinaya, and karmavācanā—together with old texts of lost translator, amounting to a total of 312 works in 482 fascicles.
*Lidai sanbao ji*, Fascicle 6: Translated Sūtras: Western Jin.
Above: produced during the Western Jin dynasty by thirteen monastic and lay individuals, Chinese and foreign, together with previous lost translations of various sūtras and precepts, amounting to a total of 451 works in 717 fascicles.
*Lidai sanbao ji*, Fascicle 7: Translated Sūtras: Eastern Jin.
Above: produced during the Eastern Jin dynasty by twenty-seven monastic and lay individuals, Chinese and foreign, together with old texts of lost translator, amounting to a total of 263 works in 585 fascicles.
*Lidai sanbao ji*, Fascicle 8 (Translated Sūtras: Yao Qin and Fu Qin).
Above: during the era of the two Qin dynasties, sixteen monks, Chinese and foreign, together produced 164 works of sūtras, treatises, biographies, etc., in 904 fascicles.
*Lidai sanbao ji*, Fascicle 9 (Translated Sūtras: Western Qin, Northern Liang, Yuan Wei, Northern Qi, and Chen Dynasties).
Above: during the five dynasties, twenty-seven monastic and lay individuals produced records of the Tripiṭaka, etc., together with lost translations, amounting to a total of 203 works in 855 fascicles.
*Lidai sanbao ji*, Fascicle 10: Translated Sūtras: Song.
Above: twenty-three monastic and lay individuals, Chinese and foreign, of the Song dynasty produced sūtras, vinaya, treatises, biographies, catalogues, etc., amounting to a total of 210 works in 490 fascicles.
*Lidai sanbao ji*, Fascicle 11: Translated Sūtras: Qi, Liang, and Zhou.
Above: fifty-one monastic and lay individuals across the three dynasties produced sūtras, vinaya, treatises, biographies, catalogues, etc., amounting to 162 works in 1,336 fascicles.
*Lidai sanbao ji*, Fascicle 12: Translated Sūtras: Great Sui.
Above: nineteen monastic and lay individuals, Chinese and foreign, of the Sui dynasty translated new texts, as well as new and old treatises, biographies, and liturgical regulations, amounting to a total of 75 works in 462 fascicles.
*Lidai sanbao ji*, Fascicle 13 (Catalogue of Mahāyāna Texts Entered into the Canon): 551 works in 1,586 fascicles.
1. Sūtras with Known Translators (234 works in 885 fascicles)
2. Sūtras with Lost Translators (235 works in 402 fascicles)
3. Vinaya with Known Translators (19 works in 40 fascicles)
4. Vinaya with Lost Translators (12 works in 14 fascicles)
5. Abhidharma with Known Translators (49 works in 238 fascicles)
6. Abhidharma with Lost Translators (2 works in 7 fascicles)
*Lidai sanbao ji*, Fascicle 14 (Catalogue of Hīnayāna Texts Entered into the Canon): 525 works in 1,739 fascicles (the catalogue states 712 fascicles, which is an error).
1. Sūtras with Known Translators (108 works in 527 fascicles)
2. Sūtras with Lost Translators (316 works in 482 fascicles)
3. Vinaya with Known Translators (39 works in 285 fascicles)
4. Vinaya with Lost Translators (31 works in 67 fascicles)
5. Abhidharma with Known Translators (31 works in 351 fascicles)
6. Abhidharma with Lost Translators (10 works in 27 fascicles)
*Kaihuang Sanbao lu* General Table of Contents in one fascicle (The *Neidian lu* states that the sūtras, vinaya, treatises, and biographies recorded in Fang's catalogue total 2,146 works in 6,235 fascicles; this is not the count of works entered into the canon; calculating it yields 74 works in 37 fascicles, which differs from the *Neidian lu*).
Above: including the general table of contents, it comprises fifteen fascicles in total (Fascicles 13 and 14, comprising Mahāyāna and Hīnayāna works entered into the canon, amount to 1,076 works in 3,325 fascicles; the original count in Fang's catalogue of 3,292 fascicles is a calculation error).
The *Neidian lu* states: "Among those compiled by Fang entered into the canon, there are mutual errors throughout. Its merit lies in its rich abundance, which cannot be wholly superseded. It is not without basis, and must not be biasedly excised." (The compiler notes: I have examined the catalogue of works entered into the canon by Changfang; its facts and matters are mixed and erroneous. Incomplete texts and doubtful or apocryphal works are all entered into the canon, which I humbly consider unacceptable. Furthermore, for instance, in the Mahāyāna catalogue, the *Bhadrakalpika-sūtra* (*Xianjie jing*) and the *Bhadrakalpa-samādhi-sūtra* (*Xianjie sanmei jing*) are two titles for one sūtra, yet both are preserved as two works: this is the first error. The *Subhūti Chapter* (*Xuboti pin*) and the *Devaputra Dīrgha Sūtra* (*Zhang tianzi jing*), and the *Devaputra Sucinti's Inquiry into the Four Matters Sūtra* (*Xuzhen tianzi wen sishi jing*), are likewise two titles for one sūtra, yet repeatedly recorded as two works: this is the third error. The *Elephant Pace Sūtra* (*Xiangbu jing*) is an alternate title for the *Sūtra of Having No Longing* (*Wu suoxiwang jing*), yet both are preserved: this is the fourth error. The *Bodhipracāra-sūtra* (*Puti wusuoxing jing*) is the *Mañjuśrīparipṛcchābodhi-sūtra* (*Wenshu wen puti jing*), yet both texts are preserved under their alternate titles: this is the fifth error. Including Sāṃkhya non-Buddhists under the Mahāyāna is the sixth error. In the Hīnayāna catalogue, the *Dharmatrāta Dhyāna Sūtra* (*Damoduoluo chan jing*) and the *Impurities Contemplation Dhyāna Virtues* (*Bujingguan chande*) are altogether one single sūtra: 'Impurities Contemplation' takes its title from the teaching, while 'Dharmatrāta' establishes its title from the person; preserving both as two works is the seventh error. The *Sarvâstivāda-vinaya* (*Shi song lü*) in sixty-one fascicles and the *Sarvâstivāda-vinaya* in fifty-nine fascicles are not different texts: the sixty-one fascicle edition had a vinaya preface added by Vimalâkṣa, who placed it

at the end, but the rest are completely identical. Now saying they are retranslations and retaining both texts is the eighth error. The Vinaya in Twenty-Two [Stanzas] is placed among the vinayas, while the Treatise Clarifying the Tenets (Vimokṣamārga / Saṃmatīyaśāstra) is placed in the catalogue of treatises; splitting one title into two is the ninth error. The 'Vinaya in Twenty-Two [Stanzas]' is merely half the title of the Treatise Clarifying the Tenets; now preserving it as 'Vinaya in twenty-two fascicles' is an error piled upon an error. In the chronological catalogue, the Prakaraṇāryavācā-abhidharma-śāstra is said to have been translated jointly by Guṇabhadra and Bodhiyaśas under the Song dynasty, but in the canon catalogue it is stated that the translator's provenance is lost; this inconsistency between before and after is the tenth error. The others remain in the catalogue; they cannot be recounted in full).
Sui Catalogue of Canonical Scriptures in five fascicles (Compiled in the second year of Renshou by imperial order requesting the venerable elders of Xingshan Monastery along with translation śramaṇas, scholars, etc.)
Totaling 2,109 works (in 5,059 fascicles).
Single translations (originally having one Indic text with no other translations): totaling 370 works in 1,786 fascicles.
The first fascicle above.
Retranslations (originally being one scripture, but having two translations or even up to six retranslations): totaling 277 works in 583 fascicles.
Anthologies and biographies of sages and saints (authored by sages and saints, with known translation provenances): totaling 41 works in 164 fascicles.
The second fascicle above (The three sections of the preceding two fascicles total 688 works in 2,533 fascicles, entered into the canon as extant entries).
Extracts (excerpted from the main works to circulate separately): totaling 810 works in 1,288 fascicles.
The third fascicle above.
Suspected and spurious works (whose titles seem orthodox, but whose doctrines show human fabrication): totaling 209 works in 491 fascicles.
The fourth fascicle above.
Missing texts (listed in old catalogues but without extant scripture texts): totaling 402 works in 747 fascicles (searches requested).
The fifth fascicle above.
Its preface states in brief: Extracts and suspected and spurious works need not be copied; the remaining three sections are included in the canon. As for works such as the Fabao ji (Collection of the Dharma Jewel) and the Jingzhu zi (Pure Abiding), they are treated as abridged excerpts and classified as extracts. Others, such as the biographies of monks, contain literary and historical language and are not of pure doctrinal form; although their events can be investigated, in meaning they have no place in the catalogue. The Neidian lu states: they are currently transcribed everywhere and widely circulated in the capital; simply listing the titles of the scriptures while still evaluating the translations, it omits more than half and is not worthy of examination. (The compiler says: When I examine this catalogue, it is not without errors. For instance, the Hongdao guangxian sanmei jing and the Anavatapta-nāgarāja-sūtra are two titles for one scripture, both said to have been translated by Dharmarakṣa; preserving both texts is the first error. Furthermore, the Puyao jing in eight fascicles is said to have been translated by Dharmarakṣa of the Western Jin, but in the catalogue of missing texts it again lists the Puyao jing in eight fascicles, also said to have been translated by Dharmarakṣa; recording it in both the extant and missing sections is the second error. Furthermore, within the canon the Puyao jing in eight fascicles is called a single translation, but in the catalogue of missing texts it is called a retranslation; this discrepancy between before and after regarding missing texts is the third error. The She dacheng lun (Mahāyānasaṃgraha) translated by Paramārtha in twelve fascicles and the one in fifteen fascicles: although the fascicle counts differ, the text is not different; now preserving both texts is the fourth error. The Mahīśāsaka-karmavācanā is recorded repeatedly before and after in the catalogue of missing texts; this is the fifth error. Classifying texts such as the Suiyuan wangsheng jing and the Yijiao lun (Commentary on the Buddha's Bequest) as suspected and spurious is the sixth error. Others remain in the catalogue; they cannot be recorded in full).
Great Tang Catalogue of Buddhist Texts in ten fascicles (Compiled in the first year of Linde, jiazi, by the śramaṇa Shi Daoxuan of Ximing Monastery)
Catalogue 1: Chronological Provenances of the Translation of the Various Scriptures across the Dynasties (meaning the scriptures translated across the dynasties as well as the treatises and compositions by individuals, none of which fail to propagate the Dharma and are all included under the scriptures; hence they are presented along with the scriptures).
Scriptures, vinayas, etc. translated under the Later Han dynasty by twelve individuals, both monastic and lay (334 works in 416 fascicles; 102 scriptures with lost translators in 148 fascicles).
Scriptures, vinayas, etc. translated under the Later Han dynasty by six monks (13 works in 25 fascicles).
Scriptures, biographies, etc. translated under the Sun Wu of the south by four individuals, both monastic and lay (148 works in 195 fascicles; 110 scriptures with lost translators in 292 fascicles).
Scriptures, precepts, etc. translated under the Western Jin dynasty by thirteen individuals, both monastic and lay (446 works in 713 fascicles; 8 scriptures with lost translators in 15 fascicles).
Scriptures, biographies, etc. translated under the Eastern Jin dynasty by twenty-seven individuals, both monastic and lay (264 works in 574 fascicles; 50 scriptures with lost translators in 54 fascicles).
Scriptures, biographies, etc. translated under the Former Qin of the Fu clan by eight monks (40 works in 239 fascicles).
Scriptures, etc. translated under the Western Qin of the Qifu clan by one monk (15 works in 22 fascicles; 8 scriptures with lost translators in 12 fascicles).
Scriptures, biographies, etc. translated under the Later Qin of the Yao clan by eight monks (124 works in 676 fascicles).
Scriptures, biographies, etc. translated under the Northern Liang of the Juqu clan by nine individuals, both monastic and lay (34 works in 270 fascicles; 5 scriptures with lost translators in 17 fascicles).
Scriptures, biographies, etc. translated under the Song dynasty by twenty-four individuals, both monastic and lay (217 works in 503 fascicles).
Scriptures, biographies, etc. translated under the Former Qi dynasty by twenty individuals, both monastic and lay (52 works in 396 fascicles).
Scriptures, vinayas, biographies, etc. translated under the Liang dynasty by twenty-one individuals, both monastic and lay (89 works in 903 fascicles).
Scriptures, treatises, and biographies translated under the Later Wei of the Yuan clan by fourteen individuals, both monastic and lay (88 works in 298 fascicles).
Scriptures translated under the Northern Qi of the Gao clan by two individuals, both monastic and lay (8 works in 52 fascicles).
Scriptures, treatises, astronomical works, etc. translated under the Northern Zhou of the Yuwen clan by eleven individuals, both monastic and lay (32 works in 105 fascicles).
Scriptures, treatises, biographies, commentaries, etc. translated under the Chen dynasty by three individuals, both monastic and lay (54 works in 251 fascicles).
Scriptures, treatises, etc. translated under the Sui dynasty by twenty-five individuals, both monastic and lay (106 works in 633 fascicles).
Scriptures, treatises, etc. translated under the Imperial [Tang] dynasty by twelve individuals, both monastic and lay.
Totaling 2,487 works in 8,476 fascicles of various scriptures produced across the eighteen dynasties (The total count at the beginning of the first fascicle differs from the total count in the tenth fascicle; moreover, collating with various editions reveals slight discrepancies, and it is not clear which is correct).
The single catalogue above is divided into five fascicles (from the first to the fifth).
Catalogue 2: Chronological Catalogue of Extant and Lost Single and Retranslated Versions and Their Translators across Dynasties (referring to translations produced at different times across different eras and whether they survived

… turmoil; monastics and laity fled in waves. Now calculating all together, because the circumstances of single and multiple translations cannot be traced, the lineages of transmission are recorded as lost translations.)
Catalogue of Mahāyāna Sūtras in Single and Multiple Translations, with and without Translators (Total: 308 works, 152 fascicles, 1,522 sheets).
Catalogue of Mahāyāna Vinaya in Single and Multiple Translations, with and without Translators (Total: 22 works, 34 fascicles, 462 sheets).
Catalogue of Mahāyāna Śāstras in Single and Multiple Translations, with and without Translators (Total: 702 works, 500 fascicles, 9,220 sheets).
Catalogue of Hīnayāna Sūtras in Single and Multiple Translations, with and without Translators (Total: 204 works, 544 fascicles, 7,674 sheets).
Catalogue of Hīnayāna Vinaya Texts, with and without Translators (Total: 35 works, 274 fascicles, 5,812 sheets).
Catalogue of Hīnayāna Śāstras in Single and Multiple Translations, with and without Translators (Total: 33 works, 676 fascicles, 12,177 sheets).
Catalogue of Anthologies of Sages and Saints, Covering Both Mahāyāna and Hīnayāna (Total: 47 works, 184 fascicles, 2,760 sheets).
The above single section is divided into the two fascicles, Fascicles 6 and 7.
Section 3: Catalogue of Successive Dynasties' Canonical Scriptures Classified into Mahāyāna and Hīnayāna for Canonical Inclusion.
Total for sūtras, vinaya, śāstras, and biographies: 101 works (3,361 fascicles, 56,170 sheets, 326 cases).
Mahāyāna sūtras in a single translation: 104 works (685 fascicles, 11,043 sheets, 66 cases).
Mahāyāna sūtras in multiple translations: 202 works (497 fascicles, 7,290 sheets, 49 cases).
Hīnayāna sūtras in a single translation: 108 works (114 fascicles, 977 sheets), 6 cases.
Hīnayāna vinaya: 35 works (274 fascicles, 5,813 sheets), 38 cases.
Mahāyāna śāstras: 74 works (502 fascicles, 52 cases), 9,130 sheets.
[Hīnayāna] śāstras: 33 works (676 fascicles, 1,177 sheets), 68 cases.
Anthologies and biographies of sages and saints: 49 works (184 fascicles, 1,808 sheets), 18 cases.
The above single section forms Fascicle 8. (The compiler notes: In examining the figures of this catalogue, some counts of works and fascicles agree with the preceding catalogue while others do not; both list Mahāyāna vinaya, but this should be incorporated under sūtras; furthermore, single and multiple translations are mixed together.)
Section 4: Catalogue of Essential Texts from the Scriptures of Successive Dynasties for Chanting and Recitation (meaning chanting, reading, study, and perusal, focused on the essential and extensive; voluminous texts and duplicated doctrines are not suitable for adapting to the times, so portions are extracted by section to select and take what provides access to the Way, while the remaining duplicated texts are preserved for times of leisure).
Primary texts of Mahāyāna sūtras: 254 works (795 fascicles, 13,079 sheets).
Primary texts of Mahāyāna vinaya: 20 works (32 fascicles, 430 sheets).
Primary texts of Mahāyāna śāstras: 63 works (445 fascicles, 8,115 sheets).
Grand total of Mahāyāna sūtras, vinaya, and śāstras: 337 works (1,267 fascicles, 21,625 sheets).
Hīnayāna sūtras: total of 118 works (433 fascicles, 6,713 sheets).
Hīnayāna vinaya: total of 35 works (174 fascicles, 5,718 sheets).
Hīnayāna śāstras: total of 29 works (565 fascicles, 9,997 sheets).
Grand total of Hīnayāna sūtras, vinaya, and śāstras: 182 works (1,252 fascicles, 22,428 sheets).
The above single section forms Fascicle 9.
Section 5: Catalogue of Canonical Scriptures of Successive Dynasties with Titles but Missing Texts (meaning comprehensive investigation of the various scriptures shows no collated text, but they were produced locally elsewhere and could not be widely clarified; they are now listed separately by title to search for them).
Section 6: Catalogue of Compositions and Commentaries by Monastics and Laity of Successive Dynasties (meaning commentaries and writings on holy words used to guide those who have not yet understood; earlier they were separately displayed, but not sufficiently clarified, and are now listed under separate titles).
Section 7: Catalogue of Offshoot Branch Teachings of Various Scriptures of Successive Dynasties (meaning separately extracted scriptures that accommodated popular customs; for those not yet receptive to the extensive texts, they temporarily guide beginners; since even a single four-line verse should not be lightly discarded).
Section 8: Catalogue of Suspected and Apocryphal Sūtras and Śāstras Produced in Successive Dynasties (meaning the true Dharma has receded into the distance, and the ordinary and foolish fail to understand it; accommodating the vulgar with low transformations, they deviate from the true doctrine; if not clearly marked, jade and stone will be commingled).
Section 9: Preface on the Origins and Evolution of Canonical Catalogues of Successive Dynasties (meaning as catalogues of scriptures were produced dynastically, one must know their sources).
Section 10: Catalogue of Efficacious Responses Inspiring Reverence for the Scriptures of Successive Dynasties (meaning scriptures translated into the Eastern Lands brought efficacious omens and received protection, increasing faithful minds so that transmission and maintenance might endure long into the future).
The above six sections together form Fascicle 10. (Fearing prolixity, they are abridged instead of being given in full detail.)
In the Neidian lu, Vinaya Master Xuan states: 'I have bathed in the Dharma stream for over fifty years. The ancestral masters' established teachings have been a standard for the virtuous and wise. Whenever encountering scriptures and edicts, or virtues and abilities, there was none I did not examine with my own eyes or visit in person. Regarding the great catalogues of scriptural divisions, my joyful awakenings have been manifold. Regardless of authenticity or spuriousness, I wished to hear their variants' (and so on). 'Therefore, after the Wei and Jin dynasties, translation flourished abundantly. Compiling catalogues and debating them was clearly not done once. Some arranged by numerical counts; some searched by titles; some relied on eras; some took translators as their basis. Each recorded one aspect, striving to preserve what they had observed. These were all people of antiquity whose learning and vision were refined and luminous; that their writing and editing did not achieve thorough precision was not because their talent was inadequate or their wisdom incomplete' (and so on).
'Assembling the general catalogic entries above, taking inquiries from monastics' biographies and other texts to collate and determine them in detail, I consulted the catalogues of You, Fang, and others. You's catalogue provides citations and proofs, and its phrasing and meaning are worth viewing. However, Mahāyāna and Hīnayāna are lumpily lumped together, and the three piṭakas are confounded; extracts and collated texts are mingled with standard ones, and historical records disorder the scriptures; in tracing their origins and ends, none could resolve them comprehensively. Fang's catalogue was produced later and encompasses earlier knowledge. Yet the Three Jewels share a single section, and the spurious and genuine are confused. How could one finish speaking of the rest of the catalogues? What I now compile aspires to reform these past shortcomings.' (The compiler notes: Master Xuan's compilation has clear and discerning classifications, and truly possesses much worth viewing. The character of an author is visible here. However, there are a few minor discrepancies and confusions, and it cannot be considered entirely perfect. The undertaking of composition is truly difficult! Now, briefly setting forth several categories to scrutinize its errors, it is not my wish to point out faults and merits, but truly only to distinguish the right from the…)