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Nirnayasindhu 2.p3

Nirṇayasindhu 2.p3

Language
Sanskrit

2.p3.1

atha malamāsaḥ | tatraikamātrasaṃkrāntirahitaḥ sitādiścāndro māso malamāsaḥ || ekamātrasaṃkrāntirāhityamasaṃkrāṃtatvena saṃkrāṃtidvayavattvena ca bhavatīti | malamāso dvedhā-adhimāsaḥ kṣayamāsaśceti || taduktaṃ kāṭhakagṛhye-'yasminmāse na saṃkrāntiḥ saṃkrāntidvayameva vā | malamāsaḥ
sa vijñeyo māsaḥ syāttu trayodaśaḥ ||' iti || satyavratopi-"rāśidvayaṃ yatra māse saṃkrameta
divākaraḥ | nādhimāso bhavedeṣa malamāsastu kevalam ||"iti || adhikamāsasya kālaniyamamāha vasiṣṭhaḥ-'dvātriṃśadbhirmitairmāsairdinaiḥ ṣoḍaśabhistathā | ghaṭikānāṃ catuṣkeṇa patatyadhikamāsakaḥ ||' iti || etacca sāvanādimānena sambhavārthaṃ, na tu niyamārtham || anyathā ṣoḍaśadinādhikadvātriṃśanmāsānantaraṃ kṛṣṇapakṣaniyamena śuklrānitvabhaṃgāpatteḥ | tena nyūnādhikakāle
malamāsapātepi na doṣaḥ || ata evoktaṃ mādhavīye-'māse triṃśattame bhavet' iti
kṣayasyāpi jyotiḥśāstre-'asaṃkrāntamāso'dhimāsaḥ sphuṭaṃ syāddvisaṃkrāntimāsaḥ kṣayākhyaḥ
kadācit | kṣayaḥ kārtikāditraye nānyataḥ syāttadā varṣamadhyedhimāsadvayaṃ ca ||' ekaḥ kṣayātpūrvaḥ, parataścaika ityadhimāsadvayaṃ bhavatītyarthaḥ | atra viśeṣamāha jābāliḥ-'māsadvaye'bdamadhye
tu saṃkrāntirna yadā bhavet | prākṛtastatra pūrvaḥ syādadhimāsastathottaraḥ' || iti || uttara eva
kālādhikyaṃ, na pūrvasminnityarthaḥ || yattu brahmasiddhānte-'caitrādarvāṅ nādhimāsaḥ paratastvadhiko

2.p3.2

bhavet' iti || tatra caitrātpūrvamasaṃkrāntidvaye pūrvā nādhikaḥ, kiṃ tu para ityarthaḥ || yacca jyotiḥsiddhānte-'ghaṭakanyāgate sūrye vṛścike vātha dhanvani | makare vātha kumbha vā nādhimāso vidhīyate ||' iti || tat vṛścikādicatuṣṭaye malamāse sati pūrvam, tulākanyāgate sūrye kṣayāt pūrvaṃ
kālādhikyaniṣedhārthaṃ, na tvadhikamātrasya | 'daśānāṃ phālgunādīnāṃ prāyo māghasya ca kvacit
napuṃsakatvaṃ bhavatītyeṣa śāstraviniścayaḥ ||' iti hemādrau viṣṇudharmavirodhāt malamāseṣṭakādiniṣedhānupapatteśca || ' makare vātha kumbhe vā ' iti dṛṣṭāntārthaprāptyabhāvācca || kṣayasyāgamanakālaṃ
uktaḥ siddhāntaśiromaṇau-' gatobdhyadrinaṃdairgate śākakāle tithiśairbhaviṣyatyathāṅgākṣasūryaiḥ
gajāyyagnibhūbhistathā prāyaśo'yaṃ kuvedenduvarṣaiḥ kvacidgokubhiśca || " iti || abdhayaścatvāraḥ,
adrayaḥ sapta, nandāḥ nava, eṣāṃ prātilomyena pāte 974 tairmite varṣe kaścit kṣayamāsaḥ pūrvaṃ jāta
ityarthaḥ | tithayaḥ pañcadaśa īśā ekādaśa evaṃ 1115 mite yāte kaścidbhaviṣyatītyarthaḥ | aṅga
6 akṣa 5 sūryāḥ 12 ekatra 1256, gajāḥ 8 adrayaḥ 7 agnayaḥ 3 bhūḥ 1 ekatra 1378,
kuḥ 1 vedāḥ 4 iṃduḥ 1 ekatra 141, gāvaḥ 9 kuḥ 1 ekatra 19 etairmite varṣe yāte kaścidbhaviṣyatītyarthaḥ
malamāse kāryākāryanirṇayaḥ

2.p3.3

atha malamāse kāryākāryaṃ nirūpyate || tatra jābāliḥ-“nityanaimittike kuryācchrāddhaṃ kuryānmalimluce | tithinakṣatravāroktaṃ kāmyaṃ naiva kadācana ||” ayaṃ ca kāmyaniṣedho ārambhasamāptiviṣayaḥ | “asūryā nāma ye māsā na teṣu mama saṃmataḥ | vratānāṃ caiva yajñānāmārambhaśca samāpanam ||” iti tenaivoktatvāt || asūryā adhikamāsā ityarthaḥ | atra 'maṇḍalaṃ
tapate raviḥ' iti vacanāt || kārīryādeḥ kāmyasya tvārambhasamāptī bhavata evetyādiranyatra
vistaraḥ || kāṭhakagṛhyepi-‘male'nanyagatiṃ kuryānnityāṃ naimittikīṃ kriyām' iti || tāni
naimittikāni dīpikāyāmuktāni-‘yannaimittikamagniṣṭayudgatāgnyādhānamarcāsu vā saṃskārādivilopane sati punaḥ proktaṃ pratiṣṭhādikam' iti || gatyantarayutaṃ tu somādi heyameva | tatra
karttavyānyuktāni kālādarśe–“dvādaśāhaṃ sapiṇḍāntaṃ karma grahaṇajanmanoḥ | sīmante puṃsave
śrāddhaṃ dvāvetau jātakarma ca || roge śāntiralabhye ca yoge śrāddhavratāni ca | prāyaścittanimittasya vaśātpūrvaṃ paratra ca || abdodakumbhamanvādimahā Palayayugādiṣu | śrāddhaṃ darśepyaharahaḥ
śrāddhamūnādimāsikam || malimlucānyamāseṣu mṛtānāṃ śrāddhamābdikam | śrāddhaṃ tu pūrvadṛṣṭeṣu
tīrtheṣveva yugādiṣu || manvādiṣu ca yaddānaṃ dānaṃ dainaṃ dinaṃ ca yat | tilagobhūhiraṇyānāṃ

2.p3.4

saṃdhyopāsanayoḥ kriyā || parvahomaścāgrayaṇaṃ sāgneriṣṭiśca parvaṇi | nityāgnihotrahomaśca devatātithipūjanam || snānaṃ ca snānavidhināpyabhakṣyāpeyavarjanam | tarpaṇaṃ vā nimittasya nityatvādubhayatra ca ||” iti || etau puṃsavanasīmantau || etacca garbhādhānādyannaprāśanāntasaṃskāropalakṣaṇam || taduktaṃ dīpikāyām-“garbhādhānamukhaṃ ca caulavidhitaḥ prāgjātayāgaṃ vinā kṛcchreṣvāgrayaṇaṃ gajendrapurataśchāyā maghānaṅkayoḥ | tīrthendukṣayayośca pitryamadhike māsyevamādyācaret ||” iti || alabhyayoge'rdhodayapadmakādau kāmyānyapi vratādīni kāryāṇītyarthaḥ || pūrvaṃ
paratra male śuddhe cetyarthaḥ || mahālayaśabdena maghātrayodaśyucyata iti mādhavaḥ || darśaśrāddhaṃ
malepi kāryam || yattu ṛṣyaśṛṅgaḥ-“saṃvatsarātirekeṇa māso yaḥ syānmalimlucaḥ | tasmistrayodaśe śrāddhaṃ na kuryādindusaṃkṣaye ||” iti || tat kāmyadarśaśrāddhaviṣayam 'kāmyaṃ naiva
kadācana' iti vacanāt || darśa ca kāmyaṃ śrāddhaṃ “kanyāṃ kanyāvedinaśca” ityādinā yājñavalkyenoktam | nityaṃ tu malepi bhavatyeva “darśeṣvaharahaḥ śrāddhaṃ dānaṃ ca prativāsaram | gobhūtilahiraṇyānāṃ māsepi syānmalimluce ||” iti mātsyokteriti hemādryādayaḥ || divodāsīyepi-“anindurindupūrṇā ca harivāro budhāṣṭamī | nādhimāse parityājyāḥ sīmantānnāśane śiśoḥ ||” iti || anindudarśaḥ || ‘dvividhamapyamāśrāddhaṃ na kāryam' ityaparārkaḥ
'atra yadvihitaṃ karma uttare māsi kārayet' ityukteḥ || ‘ṣaṣṭyā tu divasairmāsaḥ' iti śuddhamāsakaraṇe'pi śāstrārthopapatterdarśaśrāddhaṃ male na kāryamiti prācīnagauḍāḥ | śūlapāṇiśca

2.p3.5

saṃvatsarapradīpepi-“ekarāśisthite sūrye yadā darśadvayaṃ bhavet | darśaśrāddhaṃ tadādau syānna paratra
malimluce ||” atrāpi nityakāmyabhedena prāgvyavasthā
"pravṛttaṃ malamāsātprākkākyaṃ karma samāpitam | āgate malamāse'pi tatsamāptirna saṃśayaḥ
vṛddhiśrāddhaṃ tathā somamagnyādheyaṃ mahālayam | rājābhiṣekaṃ kāmyaṃ ca na kuryāddbhānuvaṃghite"
tatra ābdikaśrāddhanirṇayaḥ
yadyapi kālādarśe-'sarvaṃ vārṣikaṃ māsadvaye kāryam' ityuktam | tathāpi hemādrimādhavāparārkādimatāt prathamābdikaṃ trayodaśe malamāse, dvitīyādyābdikaṃ tu śuddhamāsaṃ eva kāryam | "asaṃkrāntepi kartavyamābdikaṃ prathamaṃ dvijaiḥ | tathaiva māsikaṃ śrāddhaṃ sapiṇḍīkaraṇaṃ tathā ||" iti
hārītokteḥ || "ābdikaṃ prathamaṃ yatsyāttatkurvīta malimluce | caturdaśe tu saṃprāpte kurvīta
punarābdikam ||" iti smṛtyantarokteśca || punarābdikaṃ dvitīyādivāṣikaṃ trayodaśe māsa'tīte
caturdaśādyadine kuryādityarthaḥ || yattu satyavrataḥ-“varṣevarṣe tu yacchrāddhaṃ mātāpitrormṛtehani
malamāse na tatkāryaṃ vyāghrasya vacanaṃ yathā ||” iti || tadvitīyādivāṣikaviṣayam | 'ābdikaṃ prathamaṃ yatsyāttatkurvīta malimluce' iti pūrvoktavacanāt || yatra dvādaśaṃ māsikaṃ śuddhaṃ
māse bhavati tatra trayodaśe'dhika evādyābdikaṃ kāryam | yatra tvadhikamadhye dvādaśaṃ māsikaṃ tatra
tasya dvirāvṛttiṃ kṛtvā caturdaśe śuddha eva prathamābdikaṃ iti niṣkarṣaḥ | tena dvitīyādiśuddhamāsa

2.p3.6

eva pṛthvīcandrodaye divodāsīye madanapārijāte caivam || malamāsamṛtānāṃ tu yadā sa evādhikaḥ syāttadā tatraiva kāryam | yathā paiṭhīnasiḥ-“ malamāsamṛtānāṃ tu śrāddhaṃ yatprativatsaram | malamāsepi karttavyaṃ nānyeṣāṃ tu kathaṃcana || ” iti || hemādrau vyāsopi-“malabhāsamṛtānāṃ tu sauraṃ mānaṃ samāśrayet | sa eva divasastasya śrāddhāpiṇḍodakādiṣu || ” atrādhikamṛtasya na dvitīyādyabdepi sauravidhiḥ, dvitīyādāvanyādhike vā pūrvaniyamavidhivairūpyāt, kiṃtu prathamābdikasya male niyamāt || satyavratena tadbhinnasya sarvasyādhike pratiprasavamātre lāghavāt || ato na dvitīyādau sauramāsaprasaṅgaḥ | ‘cāndramiṣṭaṃ tathāb chape dike | māsaparkṣātithispaṣṭe' ityādi virodhācca
māsikaśrāddhanirṇayaḥ
yattu vṛddhavasiṣṭhaḥ-“ śrāddhīyāhani saṃprāpte adhimāso bhavedyadi | māsadvayepi kurvīta śrāddhamevaṃ
na muhyati ||” yacca vyāsaḥ-“ uttare devakāryāṇi pitṛkāryāṇi cobhayoḥ ” iti tanmāsikādiviṣayam || ‘ yaugādikaṃ māsikaṃ ca śrāddhaṃ cāparapakṣikam | manvādikaṃ tairthikaṃ ca kuryānmāsadvayepi ca ||' iti smṛticandrikokteḥ || tairthikaṃ tīrthaśrāddhaṃ, tacca māsadvayepi kāryamiti tristhalīsetau bhaṭṭaḥ | kecittu-“ pratimāsaṃ mṛtāhe ca śrāddhaṃ yatprativatsaram | manvādau
ca yugādau ca tanmāsorubhayorapi ||” iti marīcivacanāt || “varṣe varṣe tu yacchrāddhaṃ mātāpitrormṛtehani | māsadvayepi tatkuryādvyāghrasya vacanaṃ yathā ||” iti gālavokteśca pratyābdikaṃ
māsadvaye kāryamityāhuḥ || tantuccham || pratimāsaṃ mṛtāhe kriyamāṇaṃ māsikam | pratisaṃvatsaraṃ

2.p3.7

kriyamāṇaṃ kalpādiśrāddham, iti marīcivacaso madanaratnena vyākhyānāt || gālavīyasya ca
‘māsadvayātmake kṣayamāse' iti mādhavena vyākhyānāt || yacca kaiściduktaṃ prathamābdikaṃ
māsadvayekāryam | “ābdikaṃ prathamaṃ yatsyāttatkurvīta malimluce | trayodaśe ca
saṃprāpte kurvīta punarābdikam ||” iti yamokteḥ, tadapi cintyam | punarābdikaṃ dvitīyādivāṣikaṃ trayodaśe'tīte caturdaśe kuryāt || anyathā-‘sāṃvatsaraṃ na vardheta śrāddhaṃ tatra
mṛte'hani' iti paiṭhīnasivirodhaḥ syāt iti hemādrau pṛthvīcandrodaye ca || etena na
vardheta na cchindyācchuddhepi kuryāditidevetyanantabhaṭṭavyākhyā mānābhāvāt parāstā || pūrvavyākhyāyāṃ tu hārītīye prathamagrahaṇameva mānam || yadapi nirṇayāmṛte pūrvoktakālādarśavacanāt malamāse śrāddhadinasya vandhyatvanirāsārthaṃ pitṛnuddiśya brāhmaṇān bhojayitvā śuddhamāse sapiṇḍakaṃ
śrāddhaṃ kuryāt | ‘piṇḍavarjamasaṃkrānte saṃkrāntau piṇḍasaṃyutam | pratisaṃvatsaraṃ śrāddhameva
mmāsadvayepi ca ' iti vṛddhaparāśarokteḥ || tadapi cintyam | pūrvoktavacanasya kṣayapūrvabhāvyadhikamāsaviṣayatvāt | tatra hi māsadvaye śrāddhamuktam | tadāha satyatapāḥ- “eka eva
yadā māsaḥ saṃkrāntidvayasaṃyutaḥ| māsadvayagataṃ śrāddhaṃ malamāsepi śasyate ||” iti || māsadvayagataṃ pūrvāsaṃkrāntigataṃ kṣayagataṃ ca | malamāse | kṣayamāse | apiśabdāt pūrvādhimāse
ceti hemādriḥ | dīpikayāmapi–“tat prāksaṃgryadhimāsako yadi bhavettatratyasāṃvatsaraṃ tasmiñchudghatayā kṣaye ca vacanāt kuryādvayoḥ kovidaḥ ” iti || kālādarśopyetadviṣaya evetyalaṃ
bahunā
malamāsavarjyāni

2.p3.8

malamāse varjyānyuktāni kālādarśa—“anityaṃnaimittikaṃ ca dānaṃ ca mahadādikam | agnyā
dhānādhvarāpūrvatīrthayātrāmarekṣaṇam || devārāmataḍāgādipratiṣṭhā mauñjibandhanam | āśramasvīkṛtiḥ kāmyavṛṣotsargaśca niṣkramaḥ || rājyābhiṣekaḥ prathamaścūḍākarmavratāni ca | annaprāśanamārambho gṛhāṇāṃ ca praveśanam || snānaṃ vivāho nāmātipannadevamahotsavaḥ | vratārambhasamāptī
ca karma kāmyaṃ ca pāpmanām || prāyaścittaṃ tu sarvasya malamāse vivarjayet | upākarmotsarjanaṃ
ca pavitradamanārpaṇam || avarohaśca haimaṃtaḥ sarpāṇāṃ baliraṣṭakāḥ | īśānasya balirviṣṇoḥ
śayanaṃ parivartanam || durgandrasthāpanotthāne dhvajotthānaṃ ca vajriṇaḥ | pūrvatra pratiṣiddhāni paratrānyacca daivikam || ” iti || atra mūlavacanāni hemādrimādhavādibhyo jñeyāni || divodāsīyepi-“yātrotsavaṃ ca devādiśapathaṃ divyameva ca | malamāse na kurvīta vyāghrasya vacanaṃ
yathā ” iti
kṣayamāsepi varjyāvarjye
ayaṃ nirṇayaḥ kṣayamāsepi jñeyaḥ—“raviṃsaṃkramahīne yo varjyāvarjyavidhiḥ smṛtaḥ | sa eva tu
dvisaṃkrāṃte malamāsepyudīritaḥ || ” iti kāṭhakagṛhyokteḥ || kṣayamāsamṛtānāṃ pratyābdike
viśeṣo hemādrau-“tithyardhe prathame pūrvo dvitīyerdhe tathottaraḥ | māsāviti budhaiścintyau kṣayamāsasya madhyagau || ” ābdikavardhāpanepi jñeyam
bhṛgugurvastādivarjyāni
yanmalamāse varjyamuktaṃ tacchukragurvorastādiṣvapi jñeyam | tadāha bṛhaspatiḥ-“bāle vā yadi vā
vṛddhe śukre vāstaṃgate gurau | malamāsa ivaitāni varjayeddevadarśanam ||” iti || “anādidevatāṃ dṛṣṭvā

2.p3.9

śucaḥ syurnaṣṭabhārgave | malamāsepyanāvṛttatīrthayātrāṃ vivarjayet || ”āvṛttatīrthe doṣābhāvamātram,
na tu phalam, iti vācaspatimiśrāḥ | tanna | asati bādhake phalahetutvākṣateḥ || lallopi"nīcasthe vakrasaṃsthepyaticaraṇagate bālavṛddhāstage vā saṃnyāso devayātrā vrataniyamavidhiḥ
karṇavedhastu dīkṣā | mauñjībandhāṃganānāṃ pariṇayanavidhirvāstudevapratiṣṭhā varjyāḥ sadbhiḥ prayatnāntridaśapatigurau siṃharāśisthite ca ||" iti || dīkṣā yāgadīkṣā āgamadīkṣā ca
tathā-“udyānacūḍāvratabandhadīkṣāvivāhayātrāśca vadhūpraveśaḥ | taḍāgakūpatridaśapratiṣṭhā bṛhaspatau
siṃhagate na kuryāt ||” divodāsīye- “gurbāditye gurau siṃhe naṣṭe śukre malimluce | gṛhakarma
vrataṃ yātrāṃ manasāpi na cintayet ||” asyāpavādastatraiva brāhme-“muṇḍanaṃ copavāsaśca
gautamyāṃ siṃhage gurau | kanyāgate tu kṛṣṇāyāṃ na tu tattīravāsinām ||”
siṃhagurau godāvarīsnānam
tathā-“ādyāsau gautamī gaṅgā dvitīyā jāhnavī smṛtā | sarvatīrthaphalaṃ snānādgautamyāṃ
siṃhage gurau ||” saṃhitāpradīpe- “syātsaptarātraṃ guruśukrayośca bālatvamahnāṃ daśakaṃ ca vārdham
vṛddhau sitejyāvasubhau śiśutve śastau yatastāvupacīyamānau ||” vasiṣṭhaḥ- “aticāragate
jīve varjayettadanantaram | vratodvāhādikāryeṣu aṣṭāviṃśativāsarām ||”
grahāṇāṃ bālyādilakṣaṇam
bālyādilakṣaṇamuktaṃ brahmasiddhānte - "raviṇā sanniranyeṣāṃ grahāṇāmasta ucyate | tato'rvāgvārdhakaṃ proktamūrdhvaṃ bālyaṃ prakīrtitam ||” iti || bālyādiparimāṇaṃ ca vṛttaśate - “bālaḥ

2.p3.10

śukro divasadaśakaṃ pañcakaṃ caiva vṛddhaḥ paścādahnāṃ tritayamuditaḥ pakṣamaindryāṃ krameṇa | jīvo vṛddhaḥ
śucirapi tathā pakṣamanyaiḥ śiśū tau vṛddhau proktau divasadaśakaṃ cāparaiḥ saptarātram ||” paścimata udaye daśa dināni bālaḥ | aste pañcadināni vṛddhaḥ | pūrvato dinatrayaṃ bālaḥ pakṣaṃ ca
vṛddha ityarthaḥ | jīvo guruḥ || anyatra tvanyathoktam | “prākpaścāduditaḥ śukraḥ pañcasaptadinaṃ
śiśuḥ | viparītaṃ tu vṛddhatvaṃ tadvadeva gurorapi ||” iti || eṣāṃ ca pakṣāṇāṃ vyavasthāmāha
mihiraḥ-“bahavo darśitāḥ kālā ye bālye vārdhakepi vā | grāhyāstatrādhikāḥ śeṣā deśabhedādutāpadi ||” iti
deśabhedaśca madanaratne gārgyaḥ-“śukro guruḥ prākca parākca bālo vindhye daśāvantiṣu saptarātram | vaṃgeṣu hūṇeṣu ca ṣaṭ ca pañca śeṣe ca deśe tridinaṃ vadanti ||” iti || astāderapavādaḥ kāśīkhaṇḍe-“na grahāstodyakṛto doṣo viśveśvarālaye |” tristhalīsetau vāyavīye“godāvaryāṃ gayāyāṃ ca śrīśaile grahaṇadvaye | surāsuragurūṇāṃ ca mauḍhyadoṣo na vidyate ||”
grahaṇadvaye tannimittakakurukṣetrayātrādānādāvityarthaḥ || tadāha tristhalīsetau lallaḥ-“upaplave śītalabhānubhānvorardhodaye vai kapilākhyaṣaṣṭhyām | surāsurejyārastamayopi tīrthe yātrāvidhiḥ saṃkramaṇe ca śastaḥ ||” ‘na mūḍhadoṣo na ca rātridoṣo na cādhimāso na mṛrtina
sūtiḥ' evamapyuttarārdhaṃ paṭhaṃti || ityalaṃ bahunā
malamāse vratanirṇayaḥ
malamāse ca vrataviśeṣa ukto hemādrau pādme- "adhimāse tu saṃprāpte guḍasarpiryutāni ca

2.p3.11

trayastriṃśadapūpāni dātavyāni dinedine || sājyāni guḍamiśrāṇi adhimāse nṛpottama | adhimāse tu saṃprāpte trayastriṃśattu devatāḥ || uddiśyā'pūpadānena pṛthvīdānaphalaṃ labhet | trayastriṃśadapūpānnaṃ kāṃsyapātre nidhāya ca || saghṛtaṃ sahiraṇyaṃ ca brāhmaṇāya nivedayet | viṣṇurūpī
sahastrāṃśuḥsarvapāpapraṇāśanaḥ || apūpānnapradānena mama pāpaṃ vyapohatu | nārāyaṇa jagadbīja
bhāskarapratirūpaka || vratenānena putrāṃśca saṃpadaṃ cābhivardhaya | yasya haste gadācakre garuḍo yasya
vāhanam || śaṃkhaḥ karatale yasya sa me viṣṇuḥ prasīdatu | kalākāṣṭhādirūpeṇa nimeṣaghaṭikādinā || yo vañcayati bhūtāni tasmai kālātmane namaḥ | kurukṣetramayaṃ deśaḥ kālaḥ parva dvijo hariḥ || pṛthvīsamamidaṃ dānaṃ gṛhāṇa puruṣottama | malānāṃ ca viśuddhayartha pāpapraśamanāya ca
putrapautrābhivṛddhyarthaṃ tava dāsyāmi bhāskara | maṃtreṇānena yo dadyātrayastriṃśadapūpakān || prāpnoti vipulāṃ lakṣmīṃ putrapautrādisaṃpadaḥ ||" iti nirṇayasindhau malamāsanirṇayaḥ
( iti kamalākarabhaṭṭakṛte nirṇayasindhau paṃ0 jvālāprasādamiśrakṛtabhāṣāṭīkāyāṃ malamāsakṣayamāsanirṇayaḥ )
tatra pakṣatithivedhanirṇayau
pakṣanirṇayastu-'daive mukhyaḥ śuklapakṣaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ pitrye viśiṣyate' iti mādhavenoktaḥ || atha
tithinirṇayaḥ-tatra tithirdvadhā-śuddhā viddhā ca || dine tithyantarasambandharahitā śuddhā

2.p3.12

tadrahitā viddhā || tatra śuddhāyāmaṃsadehādviddhā nidhīyate || tatra sāmānyato vedhamāha mādhavīye paiṭhīnasiḥ- " pakṣadvayepi tithayastithiṃ pūrvī tathottarām | tribhirmuhūrtervidhyanti sāmānyoyaṃ vidhiḥ smṛtaḥ" iti || hemādrimadanaratnādau dvimuhūrtopyuktaḥ-"udite daivataṃ
bhānau pitryaṃ cāstamite ravau | dvimūhūrtā trirahaśca sā tithirhavyakavyayoḥ ||” iti viṣṇudharmokteḥ || dvimuhūrttatvaṃ cānukalpaḥ-'dvimuhūrttāpi karttavyā yā tithirvṛddhigāminī' iti
dakṣeṇāpi śabdokteḥ || ayaṃ vedhaḥ prātareva
sāyaṃ tu trimuhūrto vedha evaṃ-“ yāṃ tithiṃ samanuprāpya yātyastaṃ padminīpatiḥ | sā tithirūstadine proktā trimuhūrteva yā bhavet || ” iti skāndokteḥ || dīpikāpi-' trimuhūrtagā tu
sakalā sāye' iti || yāni tu-' vratopavāsasnānādau ghaṭikaikāpi yā bhavet || udaye sā
tithirbrāhmā viparītā tu paitṛke || ' ityādīni skāndādivacanāni, tāni vaiśvānarādhikaraṇanyāyenāvayavastutyā trimuhūrtapraśaṃsāparāṇi
tithiviśeṣe vedhaviśeṣaḥ skānde- nāgau dvādaśanāḍībhirdikūpañcadaśabhistathā | bhūtoṣṭādaśanāḍībhirdūṣayatyuttarāṃ tithim || ' iti || ayaṃ copavāsātiriktaviṣaya iti vakṣyate
iti vedhaḥ
tatra sarvā tithiyardahaḥ karmakālavyāpinī saiva grāhyā | 'karmaṇo yasya yaḥ kālastatkālavyāpinī
tithiḥ | tayā karmāṇi kurvīta hrāsavṛddhī na kāraṇam ||' iti viṣṇudharmokteḥ || dinadvaye
tadvyāptāvekadeśavyāptau vā yugmavākyānrirṇayaḥ | tasya pūrvābādhenopapatteḥ | karmakālasya
pradhānāṃgatvācca | yugmavākyaṃ tu nigamaḥ| “yugmāgniyugabhūtānāṃ ṣaṇmunyorvasurandhrayoḥ | rudreṇa

2.p3.13

dvādaśī yuktā caturdaśyā ca pūrṇimā || pratipadyapyamāvāsyātithyoryugmaṃ mahāphalam | etadvyastaṃ mahādoṣaṃ hanti puṇyaṃ purākṛtam ||” iti || atra randhrāntāḥ śabdāḥ dvitīyādinavamyantatithivācakāḥ | rudra ekādaśī dvitīyā tṛtīyāyutā sā ca dvitīyāyuteti sapta yugmānītyarthaḥ || idañca śuklapakṣe amāpratipadyugmasya pūrṇimāyāśca tatraiva sattvāditi kecit
tattvaṃ tvamāvāsyāpratipadyugmāt kṛṣṇapakṣaliṅgāt pakṣadvayaparamidam | tattadviśeṣavākyaiḥ kṛṣṇe
tithiviśeṣo'podyata iti
daśamī tūktā purāṇasamuccaye-‘saṃpūrṇe daśamī kāryā miśritā pūrvayāthavā' iti saṃpūrge śuklapakṣe trayodaśī tu sumantunoktā-‘trayodaśī tu karttavyā dvādaśī sahitā mune' iti
kṛṣṇapakṣe tvāpastambaḥ “pratipatsadvitīyā syādvitīyā pratipadyutā | caturthīsaṃyutā yā ca
sā tṛtīyā phalapradā || pañcamī ca prakarttavyā ṣaṣṭhayā yuktā tu nārada | kṛṣṇapakṣeṣṭamī caiva
kṛṣṇapakṣe caturdaśī || pūrvaviddhā prakarttavyā paraviddhā na kutracit | daśamī ca prakarttavyāsadurgā dvijasattama || ṣaṣṭhyaṣṭamī amāvāsyā kṛṣṇapakṣe trayodaśī | etāḥ parayutāḥ pūjyāḥ
parāḥ pūrveṇa saṃyutāḥ ||” iti
yattu vyāghraḥ-“kharvo darpastathā hiṃsā trividhaṃ tithilakṣaṇam | kharvadarpau parau pūjyau hiṃsā
syātpūrvakālikī ||” iti || kharvaḥ sāmyam, darpo vṛddhiḥ, tayoḥ parā| hiṃsāṃ kṣayastatra
pūrvetyarthaḥ || etaccchrāddhādiviṣayam | “dvitīyādiṣu yugmānāṃ pūjyatā niyamādiṣu

2.p3.14

ekoddiṣṭādivṛddhyādau hrāsavṛddhyādicodanā ||” iti vyāsokteḥ || niyamādiṣu vratadānādidaivakarmasu | ekoddiṣṭāditithervṛddhyā dāvityarthaḥ || karmakālavyāptyabhāve tu karmopakramakālageva grāhyā- ‘karmopakramakālagā tu kṛtibhirgrāhyā na yugmādaraḥ' iti dīpikokteḥ
yāni tu-‘yāṃ tithiṃ samanuprāpya udayaṃ yāti bhāskaraḥ | sā tithiḥ sakalā jñeyā dānādhyayanakarmasu || ” ityādīni || tāni trimuhūrttādistutiriti nirṇayaśailī
ekabhaktanirṇayaḥ
athaikabhaktam || tatkālaḥ pādme - 'madhyāhnavyāpinī grāhyā ekabhakte sadā tithiḥ' iti
madhyāhnaśca pañcadhā vibhaktadinatṛtīyāṃśaḥ || tena yadyapi dvādaśadaṇḍānantaraṃ prāpyate tathāpi
‘dinārdhasamaye'tīte bhujyate niyamena yat | ekabhaktamiti proktamatastatsyāddi Night vaiva hi || '
iti skāndokteḥ || ṣoḍaśasaptadaśādidaṇḍau mukhyaḥ kālaḥ || dīpikāyāṃ tu- 'madhyāhnāṃtyadale tribhāgadivase syādekabhaktam ' iti || tataḥ sūryāstaparyantaṃ gauṇaḥ | 'divaiva hi'
ityasya vaiyarthyāpattyaitatparatvāt || atra pūrvedyurvyāptiḥ parerurabhayedyurvyāptiḥ tadabhāveṃ'śa
vyāptiḥ | tatrāpi sāmyaṃ vaiṣamyaṃ ceti ṣaṭ pakṣāḥ || tatrādyayorasaṃdeha eva tṛtīye tu pūrvehni
gauṇamukhyaprāpteḥ sattvāt pūrveti mādhavaḥ, yugmavākyānnirṇaya iti hemādriḥ | caturthapakṣe
pūrvaiva gauṇakālavyāpteḥ sattvāt | vaiṣamyeṇāṃśāvyāptau yā'dhikā sā grāhyā | sāmye pūrvā
ayaṃ ca svatantraikabhaktanirṇayaḥ | anyāṅge upavāsapratinidhau tadanusāreṇa nirṇayaḥ

2.p3.15

atha naktam || tacca dinānaśanapūrvarātra bhojanam || tatra pradoṣavyāpinī grāhyā | 'pradoṣavyāpinī grāhyā tithirnaktavrate sadā' iti vatsokteḥ || pradoṣastu- "trimuhūrtta pradoṣaḥ syādbhānorastaṃ gate sati | naktaṃ tatra tu karttavyamiti śāstraviniścayaḥ ||'' iti madanaratne vyāsokteḥ
tatrāpi tridaṇḍottaraṃ kāryam 'sāyaṃsaṃdhyā trighaṭikā astādupari bhāsvataḥ' iti skāṃdokteḥ
daṇḍatrayasya saṃdhyātvāt || tatra | "catvārīmāni karmāṇi saṃdhyāyāṃ parivarjayet | āhāraṃ
maithunaṃ nidrāṃ svādhyāyaṃ ca caturthakam ||" iti || mārkaṇḍeyena bhojananiṣedhāt || "muhūrttānaṃ
dinaṃ naktaṃ pravadanti manīṣiṇaḥ | nakṣatradarśanānnaktamahaṃ manye gaṇādhipaṃ ||" iti mādhavīye
bhaviṣyokteśca || gauḍāstu-'pradoṣostamayādūrdhvaṃ ghaṭikādvayamiṣyate' iti vatsoktaḥ pradoṣaḥ
saṃdhyā ca dinarātryoḥ saṃdhau muhūrttaḥ | "ardhāstamayā saṃdhyā vyaktībhūtā na tārakā yāvat
tejaḥparihānivaśādbhānoradhodaya yāvat ||" iti varāhokterityāhuḥ || tanna | asya saṃdhyāvandanādhyāyādiparatvāt || ata eva tatra khaṇḍamaṇḍalasya saṃdhyātvamuktaṃ vijñāneśvareṇa
yacca madanaratne-naktasya vedhatvādvāgaprāptabhojanagocaro niṣedha ityuktam || tanna | vidherniṣedhāvirodhāt || anyathā kapiñjalādityatra tribhyodhikānāṃ hiṃsanaṃ syāt || sāyaṃkāle
naktaṃ tu dinadvaye pradoṣasparśe jñeyam | "atathātve paratra syādastādavagyato hi sā" iti
jābālivacanāt | 'pradoṣavyāpinī na syāddivā naktaṃ vidhīyate | ātmano dviguṇā
chāyā mandībhavati bhāskare | tannaktaṃ naktamityāhurna naktaṃ niśi bhojanam || ” iti

2.p3.16

skāāndācca || yatyādīnāmapi sāyāhne “naktaṃ niśāyāṃ kurvīta gṛhastho vidhisaṃyutaḥ
yatiśca vidhavā caiva kuryāttatsadivākaram ||” iti tatraiva smṛtyantarāt || idamaputravidhuro
palakṣaṇam || putravatastu rātrāveva || 'anāśramopyāśramī syādapatnīkopi putravān' iti
saṃgrahokteḥ || sauranaktaṃ tu divaiva - "trimuhūrttaspṛgevāhni niśi caitāvatī tithiḥ | tasyāṃ
sauraṃ bhavennaktamahnyeva tu bhojanam ||” iti sumantūkteḥ
harinaktanirṇayaḥ
harinakte viśeṣaḥ kālādarśa skānde 'udayasthā sadā pūjyā harinaktavrate tithiḥ' iti
anyanaktaṃ tu saṃkrāntyādāvapi rātrāveva | niṣedhasya rāgaprāptabhojanagocaratvena vedhābādhakatvāt || dinadvayavyāptau parā “ubhayoryadi vā tithyoḥ pradoṣavyāpinī tithiḥ
tatrottaratra naktaṃ syādubhayatrāpi sā yataḥ ||” iti kālādarśa jābālivacanāt || anyapakṣeṣu ekabhaktavanirṇayaḥ || atra viśeṣo madanaratne gāruḍe - “haviṣyabhojanaṃ snānaṃ satyamāhāralāghavam | agnikāryamadhaḥśayyā naktabhojī ṣaḍācaret ||” agnikārya vyāhṛtihomaḥ || iti naktam || ayācite tu viśeṣavacanābhāvāt pakṣe upavāse prāpte upavāsavanirṇayaḥ || atha nakṣatravratakālanirṇayaḥ || viṣṇudharme - "upoṣitavyaṃ nakṣatraṃ yasminnastamiyādraviḥ | yujyate yatra vā tārā niśīthe śaśinā saha ||” iti || mādhavīye
skānde-"tatraivoghavasedṛkṣaṃ yanniśīthādadho bhavet | upavāse yahakṣaṃ syāttaddhi naktaikabhaktayoḥ ||”
atha vrataparibhāṣā || tatrādhikāriṇo madanaratne bhaviṣye-"anagnayastu ye viprāsteṣāṃ
śreyo vidhīyate | vratopavāsaniyamairnānādānaistathā nṛpa ||” anagnigrahaṇamupavāsaviṣayam

2.p3.17

ata eva devalaḥ-“āhitāgniranaḍvāṃśca brahmacārī ca te trayaḥ | aśnanta eva sidhyanti
naiṣāṃ siddhiranaśnatām ||” ekādaśyādau tu vacanādbhavatīti vakṣyāmaḥ || śūdrasyāpyadhikāraḥ-“śūdro varṇaścaturthopi varṇatvāddharmamarhati | vedamantrasvadhāsvāhāvaṣaṭkārādibhirvinā ||” iti vyāsokteḥ || prācyāstu vaiśyaśūdrayordvirātrādhikopavāsaniṣedhaḥ| “vaiśyāḥ
śūdrāśca ye mohādupavāsaṃ prakurvate | trirātraṃ pañcarātraṃ vā teṣāṃ vyuṣṭirna vidyate || caturthabhaktakṣapaṇaṃ vaiśye śūdre vidhīyate | trirātraṃ tu na dharmajñairvihitaṃ brahmavādibhiḥ ||” iti
hemādrau vacanādityāhuḥ || yāvaduktaniṣedha ityanye || tattvaṃ tu nirmūlamiti prakaraṇānmahātapoviṣaya iti yuktam || evaṃ strīṇāmapi
bhartṛnujñaiva strīṇāṃ vratam
yattu skānde-“nāsti strīṇāṃ pṛthagyajño na vrataṃ nāpyupoṣaṇam | bhartṛśuśrūṣayaivaitā lokānniṣṭān vrajanti hi || yaddevebhyo yacca pitrādikebhyaḥ kuryādbhartāramarcanaṃ satkriyāṃ ca
tasyārdhaṃ vai sā phalaṃ nānyacittā nārī bhuṃkte bhartṛśuśrūṣayaiva ||” ādityapurāṇe-“nārīkhalvananujñātā bhartrā vāpi sutena vā | viphalaṃ tadbhavettasyā yatkarotyaurdhvadehikam ||”
iti || aurdhvadehikaṃ pāralaukikam || tadbhartrananujñāviṣayam | 'bhāryā patyurmatenaiva vratādīnācaretsadā' iti kātyāyanokteḥ || atra viśeṣo harivaṃśe-“snānaṃ ca kāryaṃ śirasastataḥ phalamavāpnuyāt | snātvā strī prātarutthāya patiṃ vijñāpayetsatī ||' tathā-“gṛhītvaudumbaraṃ pātraṃ sakuśaṃ sākṣataṃ tathā | gośṛṅgaṃ dakṣiṇaṃ siṃcya pragṛhṇīyācca tajjalam ||”

2.p3.18

audumbaraṃ tāmramayam | “tato bhartuḥ satī dadyātsnātasya prayatasya ca | ātmanaścābhiṣektavyaṃ tataḥ śirasi tajjalam | upavāseṣu karttavyametaddhi vratakeṣu ca ||” iti
sarvavrateṣu saṃkalpavidhiścaḥ bhārate-“gṛhītvaudumbaraṃ pātraṃ vāripūrṇamudaṅmukhaḥ | upavāsaṃ tu
gṛhṇīyādyadvā saṃkalpayedbudhaḥ ||” hastenaivetyarthaḥ
vratārambhakālanirṇayaḥ
atha vratārambhakālaḥ || madanaratne gārgyaḥ-“astage ca gurau śukre bāle vṛddhe malimluce | udyāpanamupārambhaṃ vratānāṃ naiva kārayet ||” ratnamālāyām-“somasaumyaguruśukravāsarāḥ sarvakarmasu bhavanti siddhidāḥ | bhānubhaumaśanivāsareṣu ca proktameva khalu karma
sidhyati ||” tathā-“viruddhasaṃjñā iha ye ca yogāsteṣāmaniṣṭaḥ khalu pāda ādyaḥ | sarvaidhṛtistu vyatipātanāmā sarvo'pyariṣṭaḥ parivasya cārdham || tisrastu yoge prathame savajre
vyāghātasaṃjñe nava pañca śūle | gaṇḍe'tigaṇḍe ca ṣaḍeva nāḍyaḥ śubheṣu kāryeṣu vivarjanīyāḥ ||” saṃgrahe-“kṛṣṇe'gniruddiśayorūrdhvaṃ saptamībhūtayoradhaḥ | śukle vaṃdegayorūrdhvaṃ bhadrā
prāgvasupūrṇayoḥ ||” śrīpatiḥ-“na siddhimāyāti kṛtaṃ ca viṣṭyāṃ viṣārikhātādikamatra
siddham || ” vyavahārasamuccaye- “daśamyāmaṣṭamyāṃ prathamaghaṭikāpañcakaparaṃ, haridyausaptamyāṃ
dvidaśaghaṭikānte trighaṭikam | tṛtīyārākāyāṃ trayamaghaṭikābhyaḥ parabhavaṃ, śubhaṃ viṣṭeḥ
pucchaṃ śivatithicaturthyostu virame ||” tatraiva-“sarpiṇī tu site pakṣe kṛṣṇe caiva tu
vṛścikī | sarpiṇyāstu mukhaṃ tyājyaṃ vṛścikyāḥ pucchameva ca || ”
vratārambhe viśeṣaḥ

2.p3.19

mādhavīye-'viṣṭiyèdāhni titheraparārdhajātā pūrvārdhajā niśi tadā śubhadā ca pucche ||'
brahmayāmale-“dinabhadrā yadā rātrau rātribhadrā yadā divā | na tyājyā śubhakāryeṣu prāhuurevaṃ
purātanāḥ || śrīpatiḥ-“ṣaṭ pauṣṇato dvādaśa śāṃkarācca pauraṃdarāddvādani nava krameṇa | pūrvārdhamadhyāparabhāgayuñji ciraṃtanairjyotiṣikaiḥ smṛtāni || " vratārambhe ca viśeṣo madanaratne
satyavratenoktaḥ-“udayasthā tithiryā hi na bhaveddinamadhyabhāk | sā khaṇḍā na vratānāṃ
syādārambhaśca samāpanam || " iti || devalaḥ-“abhuktvā prātarāhāraṃ snātvācamya samāhitaḥ | sūryāya devatābhyaśca nivedya vratamācaret ||”
daśyasya paśumitravindādiprakaraṇastheneva tattadvataviśeṣahomavidhibhirasyopasaṃhāra iti
viṣṇudharme-“tajjapyajapanaṃ dhyānaṃ tatkathāśravaṇādikam | tadarcanaṃ ca tannāmakīrttanaśravaṇādayaḥ || upavāsakṛtāmete guṇāḥ proktā manīṣibhiḥ ||” kaurme-“bahirgrāmāntyajānsūtiṃ
patitaṃ ca rajasvalām | na spṛśennābhibhāṣeta nekṣeta vratavāsare ||”
pṛthvīcandrodaye agnipurāṇe-“snātvā vratavatā sarvavrateṣu vratamūrttayaḥ | pūjyāḥ suvarṇamayyādyāḥ śaktyā vai bhūmiśāyinā || japo homaśca sāmānyaṃ vratānte dānameva ca | caturviṃśadvādaśa vā pañca vā traya eva ca || viprā bhojyā yathāśakti tebhyo dadyācca dakṣiṇām ||” atra viprā iti pum̐lliṅganirdeśāt pumāṃsa eva bhojyāḥ | na tu striyaḥ || evaṃ

2.p3.20

sahasrabhojanādāvapi | virūpaikaśeṣasya pramāṇāntaraṃ vinā'yuktatvāt || ata eva-dvayoryajamānayoḥ pratipadaṃ 'kuryāt bahubhyo yajamānebhyaḥ' ityādau virūpaikaśeṣādyogāt patnyabhiprāyaṃ dvitvaṃ bahutvaṃ vā na saṃbhavatītyuktamācāryaiḥ | pārthasārathinā ca
etenaikasya brāhmaṇasyāvṛttyā bhojanaṃ parāstaṃ bahutvasyaikapadaśrutyā brāhmaṇānvitatvena
bhojanānvayābhāvādityanyatra vistaraḥ || śūdrasya tu pratiṣṭhādivadvipadvārā vyāhṛtihoma
iti vardhamānaḥ || vratamūrtayo vratadevatāpratimāḥ || pratimāsvarūpaṃ ca madanaratne bhaviṣye"anuktadravyatatsaṅkhya | devatāpratimā nṛpa | sauvarṇī rājatī tāmrī vṛkṣajā mārttitī
tathā || citrajā piṣṭalekhotthā nijavittānurūpataḥ | āmāṣātpalaparyantaṃ karttavyā
śāṭhyavivarjitaiḥ || " tatraiva brāhme-"ājyaṃ dravyamanādeśe juhotiṣu vidhīyate | mantrasya
devatāyāśca prajāpatiriti sthitiḥ || " mantrānuktau samastavyāhṛtirūpo mantraḥ prajāpatiśca devateti kalpataruḥ | vardhamānadhṛtadevīpurāṇe- "homo grahādipūjāyāṃ śatamaṣṭādhikaṃ
bhavet | aṣṭāviṃśatiraṣṭau vā yathāśakti vidhīyate || " madanaratne - 'anuktasaṃkhyā yatra
syācchatamaṣṭottaraṃ śatam ' vardhamānadhṛtavṛddhaśātātapaḥ- "upavāsaṃ dvijaḥ kṛtvā tato brāhmaṇabhojanam | kuryāttenāsya saguṇa upavāso'bhijāyate || "
vratodyāpane viśeṣaḥ
vratodyāpanānuktau pṛthvīcandrodaye nandipurāṇe- "kuryādudyāpanaṃ tasya samāptau yadudīritam
udyāpanaṃ vinā yattu tadvrataṃ niṣphalaṃ bhavet || yadi codyāpanaṃ noktaṃ vratānuguṇataścaret

2.p3.21

vittānusārato dadyāduktodyāpane vrate || gāścaiva kāñcanaṃ dadyādvratasya paripūrttaye || "
aśaktau nāradīye - "sarveṣāmapyalābhe tu yathoktakaraṇaṃ vinā | vipravākyaṃ smṛtaṃ śuddhaṃ
vratasya paripūrttaye || " tatraiva- "yathā vipravaco yastu gṛhṇāti manujaḥ śubham | adattvā
dakṣiṇāṃ pāpaḥ sa yāti narakaṃ dhruvam || " bhārate- "vedopaniṣade caiva sarvakarmasu dakṣiṇā
sarvatra tu mayoddiṣṭā bhūmirgāvo'tha kāñcanam || " baijavāpaḥ- "śivanetrodbhavaṃ yasmādrajataṃ
pitṛvallabham | amaṃgalaṃ tadyatnena devakāryeṣu varjayet || " toḍarānande devīpurāṇe- "vrate ca
tīrthe'dhyayane śrāddhepi ca viśeṣataḥ | parānna bhojanāddevi yasyānnaṃ tasya tatphalam || "
vrate niyamaḥ
pṛthvīcandrodaye'gnipurāṇe-“nityasnāyī mitāhāro gurudevadvijārthakaḥ | kṣāraṃ kṣauraṃ ca
lavaṇaṃ madhu māṃsaṃ ca varjayet ||” kṣārāstu tatraivoktāḥ “tilamudgādṛte śaimbyaṃ sasye godhūmakodravau | dhānyakaṃ devadhānyaṃ ca śamīdhānyaṃ tathaikṣavam || svinnadhānyaṃ tathā puṇyaṃ mūlaṃ
kṣāragaṇaḥ smṛtaḥ ||” godhūmānāṃ tu tatraiva pratiprasavaḥ-“vrīhiṣaṣṭikamudgāśca kalāyaḥ
satilaṃ payaḥ | śyāmākāścaiva nīvārā godhūmādyā vrate hitāḥ || kūṣmāṇḍālambuvārttākapālaṃkīyotsnikāstyajet | caturbhaikṣaṃ saktukaṇāḥ śākaṃ dadhi ghṛtaṃ madhu || śyāmākāḥ
śālinīvārā yāvakaṃ mūlataṇḍulam | haviṣyavratanaktādāvagnikāryādike hitam || madhu māṃsaṃ
vihāyānyaddṛte vā hitamīritam ||” iti || śamīdhānyaṃ māṣādi | pālaṃkī madhyadeśe

2.p3.22

( poī ) iti prasiddhā | jyotsnikā kośātakī | mitākṣarāyāṃ gautamaḥ-“caturbhaikṣasaktukaṇayāvakaśākapayodadhighṛtamūlaphalodakāni havīṃṣyuttarottaraṃ praśastāni payo dadhi ghṛtaṃ
ca gavyam” iti || anye ca viśeṣā ekādaśīcāturmāsyādiprakaraṇe vakṣyante
gṛhītavratatyāge tu madanaratne chāgaleyaḥ-“pūrvaṃ vrataṃ gṛhītvā yo na caretkāmamohitaḥ
jīvanbhavati cāṇḍālo mṛtaḥ śvā cābhijāyate ||” tatra prāyaścittamuktaṃ pṛthvīcandrodaye
agnigāruḍapurāṇayoḥ-“krodhātpramādālobhādvā vratabhaṅgo bhavedyadi | dinatrayaṃ na bhuñjīta
muṇḍanaṃ śiraso'thavā||' iti||prāyaścittasnānādatikrāntavratānuṣṭhānaṃ nāstīti gamyate||yattu'prāyaścittaṃ tataḥ kṛtvā punareva vratī bhavet |' iti vacanāt yaccātikrāntamapi vrataṃ kāryameveti śūlapāṇiḥ, tanmadhye lope vrataśeṣasattve jñeyam || etacca śaktaviṣayam || aśaktau
tu kālahemādrau purāṇāntare-“upavāsāsamarthaścedvekaṃ vipraṃ tu bhojayet | tāvaddhanādi vā
dadyādbhuktasya dviguṇaṃ tathā || sahasrasaṃmitāṃ devīṃ japedvā prāṇasaṃyamān | kuryāddvādaśasaṃkhyākānyathāśaktyāturo naraḥ ||" iti || śuddhitattve mātsye-'upavāseṣvaśaktānāṃ naktaṃ
bhojanamiṣyate ||' madanaratne vāyavīye-'dravyadātopavāsasya phalaṃ prāpnotyasaṃśayam ||'
tathāparārke devalaḥ-“brahmacaryaṃ tathā śaucaṃ satyamāmiṣavarjanam | vrateṣvetāni catvāri
variṣṭhānīti niścayaḥ ||" mātsye-“tasmātkṛtopavāsena snānamabhyaṅgapūrvakam | varjanīyaṃ
prayatnena rūpaghnaṃ tatparaṃ nṛpa ||” anye ca niyamāstatratatrānveṣaṇīyāḥ || atha strīvrateṣu

2.p3.23

viśeṣa ucyate | tatra hemādrau vratakāṇḍe gāruḍe-“gandhālaṃkāratāmbūlapuṣpamālyānulepanam | upavāse na duṣyanti dantadhāvanamañjanam ||” iti || idaṃ ca sabhartṛkopavāsaviṣayam | “añjanaṃ ca satāmbūlaṃ kuṃkumaṃ raktavāsasī | dhārayetsopavāsāpi avaidhavyakaraṃ
yataḥ || vidhavā yatimārgeṇa kumārī vā yadṛcchayā ||” iti || tatraiva bhaviṣyokteḥ
tathā viṣṇudharme-“sarveṣu tūpavāseṣu pumānvātha suvāsinī | dhārayedraktavastrāṇi kusumāni
sitāni ca | vidhavā śuklavasanamekameva hi dhārayet ||” manurapi-“puṣpālaṃkāravastrāṇi
gandhadhūpānulepanam | upavāse na duṣyanti dantadhāvanamañjanam ||” madanaratne vyāsaḥ‘dantadhāvanapuṣpādi vratepyasyā na duṣyati' iti || yadyapīdaṃ sarvopavāsaviṣaye pratīyate,
tathāpi śiṣṭācārātsaubhāgyādyarthaṃ kriyamāṇanavarātritrātrādyupavāsaviṣayameva || na tvekādaśyādiviṣayam || “asakṛjjalapānācca sakṛttāmbūlacarvaṇāt | upavāsaḥ praṇaśyeta divāsvāpācca maithunāt ||” ityaparārke devalena tanniṣedhāt || na cāsya puṃviṣayattvena sāvakāśatvāt strīṇāṃ tāmbūlādi prāpnotīti vācyam | tāmbūlādiprāpakasyaivaikādaśītaraviṣayattvena vaiparītyasyāpi suvacatvāt || yattu harivaṃśe-“añjanaṃ rocanaṃ caiva gandhānsumanasastathā | vrate caivopavāse ca nityameva vivarjayet || śirasobhyañjanaṃ saumye naivametatpraśasyate | na pādayorna gātrasya sneheneti sthitiḥ smṛtā ||” iti || tattatraivoktapuṇyakavrataviṣayam | natu sarvatra | pūrvoktavirodhāditi madanaratne uktam || tatraiva-“aśruprapāto

2.p3.24

roṣaśca kalahasya kṛtistathā | upavāsāhūtādvāpi sadyo bhraṃśayati striyam ||” striyamityupalakṣaṇam
madanaratne śivadharme-“dānavratāni niyamā jñānaṃ dhyānaṃ hutaṃ japaḥ | yatnenāpi kṛtaṃ sarvaṃ
krodhitasya vṛthā bhavet ||” atha sūtakādau nirṇayaḥ | tatra śāvasūtayāśaucayoḥ sarvasmārtakarmanivṛttirnibandheṣu spaṣṭaiva || gauḍāstu śaucādavāpi tāmāhuḥ | “jānūrdhvaṃ kṣataje jāte
nityakarma na cācaret | naimittikaṃ ca tadadhaḥ sravadrakto na cācaret || lautake ca samutpanne
jvarakarmaṇi maithune | dhūmodvāre tathā vāntau nityakarmāṇi saṃtyajet || dravye bhukte tvajīrṇe
ca naiva bhuktvāpi kiṃcana | karma kuryānnaro nityaṃ sūtake mṛtake tathā ||” iti kālikāpurāṇāt || vastutastu pūrvaṃ devīpūjopakramāttanmātraviṣayatvamasyeti yuktaṃ pratīmaḥ
tathā hemādrau pādme-“garbhiṇī sūtikādiśca kumārī vātha rogiṇī | yadā'śuddhā tadānyena
kārayetprayatā svayam ||” iti || puṃsopyeṣa vidhiḥ | liṅgasyāvivakṣitatvāt
tena-‘yasminvrate yatpūjādyuktaṃ tadanyena kārayet | śārīraniyamānsvayaṃ kuryāt ’ iti
hemādrivyākhyau || ‘na vratināṃ vrate’ iti viṣṇūkteśca || ārambhastu na bhavatyeva
śuddhitattve viṣṇuḥ-“bahukālikasaṃkalpo gṛhītaśca purā yadi | sūtake mṛtake caiva
vrataṃ tannaiva duṣyati ||” etatkāmyaparam | nityaṃ tvanārabdhamapi kāryamiti gauḍāḥ
madanaratne-“pūrvasaṃkalpitaṃ yacca vrataṃ suniyatavrataiḥ | tatkarttavyaṃ naraiḥ śuddhaṃ dānārcanavivarjitam ||” mādhavīye kaurme-“kāmyopavāse prakrānte tvantarā mṛtasūtake | tanna

2.p3.25

kāmyaṃ vrataṃ kuryāddānārcanavivarjitam ||” iti || etena sādhikārāhvatāṅgedevapūjādi
kāryamiti vardhamānoktiḥ parāstā || prārabdhaṃ pūjādi kāryameva || navarātre tu tatraiva viśeṣaṃ
vakṣyāmaḥ || evaṃ rajasvalāpi || yattu satyavrataḥ-“prārabdhadīrghatapasāṃ nārīṇāṃ yadrajo
bhavet | na tatrāpi vratasya syāduparodhaḥ kathaṃcana ||” iti || tatpratinidhinā kārayedityetatparam || taduktaṃ madanaratne mātsye-‘antarā tu rajoge pūjāsanyena kārayet’ iti
pratinidhayaśca nirṇayāmṛte paiṭhīnasiḥ-“bhāryā patyurvrataṃ kuryādbhāryāyāśca patirvratam
asāmarthye parastābhyāṃ vratabhaṅgo na jāyate ||” skāndepi-“putraṃ vā vinayopetaṃ bhaginīṃ
bhrātaraṃ tathā | eṣāmabhāva evānyaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ vā niyojayet ||”
pitrādyarthe upavāsavratanirṇayaḥ
kātyāyanaḥ-“pitṛmātṛbhrātṛpatigurvarthe ca viśeṣataḥ | upavāsaṃ prakurvāṇaḥ puṇyaṃ śataguṇaṃ
labhetū || mātāmahādīnuddiśya ekādaśyāmupoṣage | kṛte te tu phalaṃ viprāḥ samagraṃ samavāpnuyuḥ || ” madanaratne prabhāsakhaṇḍe-“bharttā putraḥ purodhāśca bhrātā patnī sakhāpi ca
yātrāyāṃ dharmakāryeṣu jāyante pratihastakāḥ || ebhiḥ kṛtaṃ mahādevi svayameva kṛtaṃ bhavet ||”
tatraiva vāyavīye-‘svayaṃ kartumaśaktaścetkārayeta purodhasā || ' idaṃ ca sarvavarṇasādhāraṇam
aviśeṣāt || yattu kaścinmahokṣa āha-śūdrasya brāhmaṇādireva pratinidhiyukto na śūdraḥ
“japastapastīrthasevā pravrajyā mantrasādhanam | vipraiḥ saṃpāditaṃ yasya saṃpannaṃ tasya tatphalam || ” iti marīcivacanād iti || tantuccham | pravrajyādīnāṃ śūdre'saṃbhavāt ‘viṣaye

2.p3.26

prāyadarśanād ' iti nyāyenāsya brāhmaṇādigocaratvāt || yadapi-'upavāso vrataṃ homastīrthasnānajapādikam ' iti pūrvārddhe pāṭhastadāpi sa eva doṣaḥ 'strīśūdrapatanāni ṣaḍ'
iti mānavīye japaniṣedhāt “brāhmaṇo hīnavarṇasya yaḥ kuryātkarma kiṃcana | sa tāṃ jātimavāpnoti iha loke paratra ca ||” iti kālahemādrau marīciniṣedhāṃcca || vastutastu | saṃpūrṇatāvācanamātramatrocyata iti pratinidheḥ kā vārtetyalam || atra viśeṣamāha trikāṇḍamaṇḍanaḥ-“kāmye pratinidhirnāsti nitye naimittike ca saḥ | kāmye'pyupakramādūrdhvaṃ kecitpratinidhiṃ viduḥ || na syātpratinidhirmantrasvāmidevāgnikarmasu | sa deśakālayornāsti nāraṇeragniraiva sā || nāpi pratinidhātavyaṃ niṣiddhaṃ vastu kutrācit || ” hiraṇyakeśisūtrepi-“na
svāmitvasya bhāryāyāḥ putrasya deśasya kālasyāgnerdevatāyāḥ karmaṇaḥ śabdasya ca pratinidhirvidyate ” iti || atha vratādisaṃnipāte nirṇayaḥ | tatra tithiyasaṃnipāte tatroktaṃ dānahomādikrameṇānuṣṭheyam | avirodhāt || idaṃ pūrvārebdheṣveva || ekamadhyenyakāmyakarmārambhastu
na bhavatyeva guṇaphalāhate-‘yasya yajñe pratatentarā yajñastāyate taṃ yajñaṃ nirṛtirgṛhṇāti' iti rāṇakadhṛtaśruteḥ | yajñaḥ vratādikarmamātram | anaṅgena vyavadhānadoṣasya sarvatra sāmyāt
śiṣṭāstu māghakārtikasnānādimadhye lakṣahomatulābhārataśravaṇādyācaranti tannityamadhye,
na tu kāmyamadhye
yatra tu naktaikabhaktādau virodhastatra prāthamyādekabhaktaṃ kāryam | naktaṃ tu paredyustattithau
gauṇakāle kāryam | samakālīnaviruddhavratādau tvekaṃ svayaṃ kṛtvānyadbhāryādinā kārayediti

2.p3.27

mādhavaḥ || yatra tu śivarātryādau tithimadhye pāraṇā'hni bhojanaṃ prāptam | “bhūtāṣṭamyordivā bhuktvā rātrau bhuktvā ca parvaṇi | ekādaśyāmahorātraṃ bhuktvā cāndrāyaṇaṃ caret||”
iti tanniṣedhaśca || tatra pāraṇāyā vaidhaitvādahraiva bhojanam | niṣedhastu rāgaprāptabhojanaviṣayaḥ | evamaṣṭamyādinaktavrate saṃkrāntyādau ravau saṃkaṣṭacaturthyāḥ ca rātrau bhojanam
yatra tvaṣṭamyādau divābhujiniṣedhaḥ, saṃkrame ca rātrāviti niṣedhadvayam || tatropavāsa eva
kāryaḥ || yadyapi putriṇa upavāso niṣiddhaḥ | tathāpi ‘upavāsaniṣedhe tu bhakṣyaṃ kiñcitmakalpayet' iti vacanātkiñcidbhakṣayitvopavāsaḥ kāryaḥ || cāndrāyaṇamadhye ekādaśyādau
tu bhojanaṃ kāryameva | cāndrāyaṇasya kāmyatvena nityabādhakatvāt | abādhena gatyasambhavācca || ekādaśyāmekāntaropavāsādipāraṇāyāṃ jalapāraṇāṃ kṛtvopavaset 'āpo vā
aśitamanaśitaṃ ca' iti śruteḥ || evaṃ dvādaśyāṃ māsopavāsaśrāddhapradoṣādiṣu jñeyam
evaṃ kāmyanaimittikanityatvādikṛtaṃ valābalaṃ svayamūhyāmiti dik || iti kamalākarabhaṭṭakṛte nirṇayasindhau vrataparibhāṣā samāptā

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