Atharvaveda 5.18
Atharvavedasaṃhitā 5.18
- Language
- Sanskrit
5.18.1
náitā́ṃ te devā́ adadus túbhyaṃ nr̥pate áttave |
mā́ brāhmaṇásya rājanya gā́ṃ jighatso anādyā́m ||1||
Her the gods did not give thee for thee to eat, O lord of men (nṛpáti); do not thou, O noble, desire to devour (ghas) the cow of the Brahman, that is not to be eaten.
5.18.2
akṣádrugdho rājanyàḥ pāpá ātmaparājitáḥ |
sá brāhmaṇásya gā́m adyād adyá jīvā́ni mā́ śváḥ ||2||
A noble hated of the dice, evil, self-ruined (-párājita)—he may eat the cow of the Brahman: "let me live today, not tomorrow."
5.18.3
ā́viṣṭitāgháviṣā pr̥dākū́r iva cármaṇā |
sā́ brāhmaṇásya rājanya tr̥ṣṭáiṣā́ gáur anādyā́ ||3||
Like an ill-poisonous adder enveloped with [cow-] hide, this cow of the Brahman, O noble, is harsh, not to be eaten.
5.18.4
nír vái kṣatráṃ náyati hanti várco 'gnír ivā́rabdho ví dunoti sárvam |
yó brāhmaṇáṃ mányate ánnam evá sá viṣásya pibati taimātásya ||4||
Verily it conducts away his authority, smites his splendor; like fire taken hold of it burns up all; he who thinks the Brahman to be food, he drinks of Timātan poison.
5.18.5
yá enaṃ hánti mr̥dúṃ mányamāno devapīyúr dhánakāmo ná cittā́t |
sáṃ tásyéndro hŕ̥daye 'gním indhe ubhé enaṃ dviṣṭo nábhasī cárantam ||5||
Whatever insulter of the gods, desirous of riches, not from knowledge, slays him, thinking him gentle, in his heart Indra kindles a fire; both the firmaments (nábhas) hate him as he goes about.
5.18.6
ná brāhmaṇó hiṃsitavyò 'gníḥ priyátanor iva |
sómo hy àsya dāyādá índro asyābhiśastipā́ḥ ||6||
The Brahman is not to be injured, like fire, by one who holds himself dear; for Soma is his heir, Indra his protector against imprecation.
5.18.7
śatā́pāṣṭhāṃ ní girati tā́ṃ ná śaknoti niḥkhídam |
ánnaṃ yó brahmáṇām malváḥ svādv àdmī́ti mányate ||7||
He swallows down what (f.) has a hundred barbs; he is not able to tear it out—the fool who thinks of the food of Brahmans "I am eating what is sweet."
5.18.8
jihvā́ jyā́ bhávati kúlmalaṃ vā́ṅ nāḍīkā́ dántās tápasābhídigdhāḥ |
tébhir brahmā́ vidhyati devapīyū́n hr̥dbaláir dhánurbhir devájūtaiḥ ||8||
His tongue becomes a bow-string, his voice an [arrow-] neck, his teeth [become] shafts (nāḍīkā́) smeared with penance; with these the Brahman (brahmán) pierces the insulters of the gods, with bows having force from the heart [and] speeded by the gods.
5.18.9
tīkṣṇéṣavo brāhmaṇā́ hetimánto yā́m ásyanti śaravyā̀ṃ ná sā́ mŕ̥ṣā |
anuhā́ya tápasā manyúnā cotá durā́d áva bhindanty enam ||9||
The Brahmans have sharp arrows, have missiles; what volley (çaravyā̀) they hurl, it is not in vain; pursuing (anu-hā) with fervor and with fury, they split him down even from afar.
5.18.10
yé sahásram árājann ā́san daśaśatā́ utá |
té brāhmaṇásya gā́ṃ jagdhvā́ vaitahavyā́ḥ párābhavan ||10||
They that ruled, a thousand, and were ten hundreds, those Vāitahavyas, having devoured the cow of the Brahman, perished (parā-bhū).
5.18.11
gáur evá tā́n hanyámānā vaitahavyā́m̐ ávātirat |
yé késaraprābandhāyāś caramā́jām ápeciran ||11||
The cow herself, being slain, pulled down those Vāitahavyas, who cooked the last she-goat of Kesaraprābandhā (?).
5.18.12
ékaśataṃ tā́ janátā yā́ bhū́mir vyàdhūnuta |
prajā́ṃ hiṃsitvā́ brā́hmaṇīm asaṃbhavyáṃ párābhavan ||12||
Those hundred and one fellows (? janátā) whom the earth shook off, having injured the progeny of the Brahmans, perished irretrievably.
5.18.13
devapīyúś carati mártyeṣu garagīrṇó bhavaty ásthibhūyān |
yó brāhmaṇáṃ devábandhuṃ hinásti ná sá pitr̥yā́ṇam ápy eti lokám ||13||
The insulter of the gods goes about among mortals; he becomes one who has swallowed poison, [becomes] mainly composed of bones; he who injures the Brahman, the connection of the gods, he goes not to the world to which the Fathers go.
5.18.14
agnír vái naḥ padavāyáḥ sómo dāyādá ucyate |
hantā́bhíśasténdras táthā tád vedháso viduḥ ||14||
Agni verily our guide. Soma is called [our] heir, Indra slayer of imprecation (?): so know the devout that.
5.18.15
íṣur iva digdhā́ nr̥pate pr̥dākū́r iva gopate |
sā́ brāhmaṇásyéṣur ghorā́ táyā vidhyati pī́yataḥ ||15||
Like an arrow smeared [with poison], O lord of men, like an adder, O lord of cattle—that arrow of the Brahman is terrible; with it he pierces the insulting.
Translations (3)
- Atharva-Veda Saṃhitā (HOS 7–8) — William Dwight Whitney 1905, English
- The Hymns of the Atharvaveda — Ralph T. H. Griffith 1895, English
- Hymns of the Atharva-Veda (SBE 42) — Maurice Bloomfield 1897, English
Commentaries (2)
- Atharvavedabhāṣya (Sāyaṇa) — Sāyaṇa, Sanskrit
- Atharvavedasaṃhitābhāṣya — Mādhavācārya, Sanskrit
Linked texts (13)
- Atharvaveda — Sanskrit
- A Vedic Concordance — Maurice Bloomfield, English
- Vedic Index of Names and Subjects — Arthur A. Macdonell & A. Berriedale Keith, English
- Aṅgirasī — Sanskrit
- Altindische Grammatik — Jacob Wackernagel & Albert Debrunner, German
- History of Dharmaśāstra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) — P. V. Kane, English
- The History and Culture of the Indian People — R. C. Majumdar & A. D. Pusalker, English
- Die Religion des Veda — Hermann Oldenberg, German
- A History of Hindu Political Theories from the Earliest Times to the End of the First Quarter of the Seventeenth Century A.D. — U. N. Ghoshal, English
- A History of Indian Philosophy — Surendranath Dasgupta, English
- The State in Ancient India: A Study in the Structure and Practical Working of Political Institutions in North India in Ancient Times — Beni Prasad, English
- Corporate Life in Ancient India — R. C. Majumdar, English
- Epic Mythology — Edward Washburn Hopkins, English