一切經音義 85

English (machine translation) 85

Language: English

85.1

Compiled by the Sutra-Translating Śramaṇa Huilin

85.2

Sounds of the Bianzheng lun, Fascicle One (From the initial sounds of the treatise's preface through Fascicle Four)

𰔨賾 (The first character is *t-h-. The Shenglei says: "Also means to penetrate." The Yunquan says: "To pull and extract." The Kaosheng says: "To test." The Erya says: "To try and grasp its meaning." The Shuowen jiezi says: "To draw from afar. Formed from 手 with 𥥽 phonetic." 𥥽 is pronounced *sh-m-, formed from 穴 and 求. The second character is *ch-j-. The Yunying says: "賾 means hidden and abstruse." The Gujin zhengzi says: "Deep and hidden. Formed from [〡*臣] with 責 phonetic." [〡*臣] is pronounced *y-r-. 𧵩 is the standard form of the character 責, formed from 朿. 朿 is pronounced cì.)

85.5

迹泯 (The first character is *j-y-: footprints. The second is *m-y-. The Yunying says: "泯 means to extinguish; to cease." The Shuowen jiezi says: "Formed from 水 with 民 phonetic." 民 is pronounced *m-b-.)

85.6

𦫀虵 (The first character is *t-n-. It is written from 馬 or from 水 as 𣽨. "𦫀虵" is a deluded speculation.)

85.7

筌蹄 (The first character is *c-y-: a bamboo fish trap, also called a wicker fish-trap. The second is *d-x-. The Zhuangzi says: "The snare is the means to catch the hare; once the hare is caught, the snare is forgotten." Formed from 足 with 帝 phonetic.)

85.8

拘羑 (The first character is pronounced jū. The Kaosheng says: "拘 means confined; detained." The Shuowen jiezi says: "To seize. Formed from 手 with 句 phonetic." The second character is pronounced yǒu: an ancient prison name, located in Dangyin, the place where King Wen was imprisoned. The Shuowen jiezi says: "To promote goodness. Formed from 羊 with 久 phonetic." It is also interchangeably written as 羌. Some write 牖, which is not applicable here.)

85.9

玉迻 (The first character is pronounced *y-l-. The second is pronounced yí. The Kaosheng says: "迻 means to follow; to shift." The Shuowen jiezi says: "To move. Formed from 辵 with 移 abbreviated phonetic." It is also written as 移. 辵 is pronounced *ch-l-; commonly called "rào" [encircling], as in "the rào of zǒu" [walking].)

85.10

雜遝 (The first character is *c-h-, the standard form. The second is *t-h-. The Erya says: "Walking hurriedly." The Jixun says: "The appearance of a crowd walking. Formed from 辵 with 𥄳 phonetic." 𥄳 has the same sound as above.)

85.11

碑誄 (The first character is *b-p-. The second is *l-g-. The Kaosheng says: "To enumerate achievements; recounting the deceased to express sorrowful feelings." The Shuowen jiezi says: "誄 is a posthumous title. Formed from 言 with 耒 phonetic." 耒 is pronounced *l-h-.)

85.12

談霸 (*b-m-: Jia's commentary on the Guoyu says: "霸 means grasping (把); holding the power of the feudal lords and exercising the office of regional hegemon." Explaining [further], it means to coerce and intimidate; coercing the feudal lords and seizing control of their government, yet not departing from the duty of a subject, but honoring and assisting the royal enterprise. The Kaosheng says: "It means senior; leader. Being the leader of the multitude and carrying the charge of regional hegemon. Like the moon's crescent approaching the sun." It is an ideogram, formed from 月 with 䨣 phonetic. 䨣 is pronounced *p-b-, formed from 雨 and 革.)

85.13

Bianzheng lun, Fascicle One

85.14

挻埴 (The first character is *sh-y-, the second *ch-l-. The Huainanzi says: "The potter's kneading of clay." Xu's commentary says: "挻 means to press." Kong's commentary on the Shangshu says: "埴 is sticky clay." The Shiming says: "Greasy earth; slippery like fat." Ru Chun says: "挻 means to strike; 埴 means soft and harmonious." The Shuowen jiezi says: "挻 is formed from 手, and 埴 is formed from 土; both are phono-semantic characters.")

85.15

覆燾 (The first character is *f-j-, the second *t-d-. The Kaosheng says: "覆 means to cover. Formed from 覀." 覀 is pronounced *h-j-. "The character 燾 is formed from 灬." 灬 is pronounced *b-y-. "It means covering and shining over everywhere. Formed from 壽; it is a derivative cognate character.")

85.16

鑽𤎩 (The first character is *z-g-. Gu Yewang says: "鑽 means to chisel and bore." The Kaosheng says: "To pierce." Mengzi uses it as to hole into. The Gujin zhengzi says: "To bore through; a phono-semantic character." The second character is pronounced suì. Du's commentary on the Zuo zhuan says: "An implement for obtaining fire. There are five kinds altogether: fire drill, fire flint, fire pearl, fire mirror, and fire steel." In antiquity it was written as 㸂, 鐆, 檖, and 鐩; all five forms are interchangeable.)

85.17

腥臊 (The first character is pronounced xīng: the smell of dog fat. The second is *s-c-. The Kaosheng says: "The smell of pig fat. It is also a phono-semantic character.")

85.18

耒耜 (The first character is *l-d-. The Shiben says: "In antiquity, Chui invented the plow and plowshare; he was a minister under Shennong." The Kaosheng says: "The lěi is what is nowadays the plow handle; the curved wood above the plowshare. Formed from 丰 and 木." 丰 is pronounced jiè. 耜 is pronounced sì. The Kaosheng says: "It is like modern spade shovels with a handle and curved blade, resembling a plowshare, used in paddy fields." The Shuowen jiezi says: "耜 is formed from 耒 with [耜-耒]. [耜-耒] is the ancient character for 以; the upper opening does not close, so it is this." It is also written in three forms: 㭒 and 鈻.)

85.19

斲木 (The first character is pronounced zhuó. The Kaosheng says: "斲 means to chop; the modern plow.")

85.20

楺木 (*r-zh-: The Jixun says: "Heating wood by fire and bending it into shape, which is today's plow beam and plow handle." 拗 is pronounced *’-k-, and 捩 is pronounced *l-n-; both are formed from 手.)

85.21

八凱 (*k-h-: The eight worthy ministers of Shun.)

85.22

竄三苗 (*c-l-: The Kaosheng says: "竄 means to cast off; that is, to flee and hide away." Gu Yewang says: "To execute and banish." The Gujin zhengzi says: "To conceal; to hide. Formed from a rodent (鼠) inside a hole (穴); an ideogram." Sanmiao is the name of a state and also the name of a mountain.)

85.23

檮机 (the first character is *tang* + *dao* in fanqie [táo]; the second character sounds like 几 [jī]; one of the four treacherous ministers during the time of Yao; the *Yunying* says: 'an appearance of wickedness and obstinacy').

85.24

帝乘四載 (Kong's commentary on the *Shangshu* says: 'On land one rides a chariot, on water one travels by boat, in mountains one uses a sled (樏), and in mud one travels by a mud-sled (輴).' 輴 is pronounced like 椿 [chūn]; 樏 is *li* + *zhui* in fanqie [léi]; in the treatise it is written with 'fur' as 橇, which is unverified; it is also written as 檋, which is likely an error).

85.25

濟濟 (*jing* + *li* in fanqie [jǐ]; Kong's commentary on the *Shangshu* says: '濟濟 is the appearance of a numerous gathering.' In the treatise it is written as 济, which is grass-script and does not form a [proper] character).

85.26

輸賝 (the first character is *shi* + *zhu* in fanqie [shū], meaning to deliver or present; the second character is *chi* + *lin* in fanqie [chēn], meaning treasure; it is also written with the jade radical as 琛).

85.27

藉以 (*qing* + *ye* in fanqie [jiè]; spreading grass on the ground is called 藉; the *Kaosheng* says: 'to lay down mats'; the *Yijing* says: 'Spreading white cogon grass, there is no blame').

85.28

搆鵬鴳之寓言 (the first character is *gou* + *hou* in fanqie [gòu]; the next sounds like 朋 [péng]; the last sounds like 晏 [yàn]; the peng is a great bird; the quail (鴳) is a small bird; Master Zhuang adopted them as an allegory to illustrate these matters).

85.29

眇莽 (the first character is *mi* + *xiao* in fanqie [miǎo], meaning minute; the second character is *mo* + *lang* in fanqie [mǎng], meaning distant).

85.30

飯餌松朮 (餌 is pronounced like 二 [èr]; 朮 is *zhi* + *lü* in fanqie [zhú], an herbal medicine, the mountain thistle (山薊); its root is extremely fragrant; 薊 is pronounced 計 [jì]).

85.31

歡心 (*hu* + *guan* in fanqie [huān], meaning joy; in the treatise it is written as 懽, which is incorrect).

85.32

有徼 (*gu* + *diao* in fanqie [jiào], meaning culmination or end).

85.33

閬苑 (the first character sounds like 浪 [làng]; the *Guangya* says: 'Upon the ruins of Kunlun there are three mountains: the first is called Langfeng, the second is called Bantong, and the third is called Xuanpu; they are all dwelling places of the divine immortals').

85.34

閶𨵵 (the first character sounds like 昌 [chāng]; the second character sounds like 合 [hé]; Wang Yi's commentary on the *Chuci* says: 'the gate of heaven'; the *Shuowen* says: 'The people of Chu call the gate of official residences the Changhe gate; it is an official gate of Chu').

85.35

控鵠 (*hong* + *wu* in fanqie [hú]; the *hu* is of the crane kind).

85.36

姑射 (pronounced like 夜 [yè], and also 亦; the *Chongxu zhenjing* says: 'Mount Guye lies in the Eastern Sea where the River enters the sea; it is the name of an island; Guo's commentary on the *Shanhaijing* also says: 'An island mountain in the sea where the River enters the sea; upon it dwell divine men who inhale wind and drink dew, eating not the five grains; it is the dwelling place of ancient divine immortals'').

85.37

磅礴 (the first character sounds like 旁 [páng]; the second character sounds like 廣薄 [bó]; the *Jixun* says: '磅礴 is the appearance of vastness'; the *Taixuanjing* also says: 'the appearance of encompassing the cosmos').

85.38

鑪錘 (the first character sounds like 盧 [lú]; the second character is *chang* + *zhui* in fanqie [chuí]).

85.39

眇眇 (*mi* + *xiao* in fanqie [miǎo]; the *Guangya* says: '眇眇 refers to looking into the distance, appearing faint and far'; the *Shuowen* says: 'one eye being small; semantic目 (eye), phonetic 少').

85.40

茫茫 (*mo* + *lang* in fanqie [máng]; the vastness of the cosmos is called 茫茫).

85.41

不曒 (pronounced like 晈 [jiǎo]; the *Yunying* says: '曒 means bright').

85.42

八棹 (*zhai* + *jiao* in fanqie [zhào]; an oar or sweep used to propel a boat).

85.43

𤀹東溟 (the first character sounds like 峻 [jùn], meaning deep and vast; the second character sounds like 冥 [míng]; the *Dilizhi* says: 'Beyond the seas in the Eastern Wilderness there is a great abyss of immeasurable depth and breadth, named the Great Chasm (Dahu), into which sea waters constantly pour without filling it').

85.44

謳和 (the first character is *e* + *gou* in fanqie [ōu], meaning to sing).

85.45

殉主 (*xun* + *jun* in fanqie [xùn]; to follow someone in death with one's body is called 殉).

85.46

濔濔 (*mi* + *yi* in fanqie [mǐ]; Mao's commentary on the *Classic of Poetry* says: 'deep, flourishing, full').

85.47

安叡 (*yue* + *hui* in fanqie [ruì]; a person's name).

85.48

梯基 (the first character is *ti* + *xi* in fanqie [tī], meaning a stepped path).

85.49

憩禪林 (the first character is *qing* + *you* in fanqie [qì], meaning to rest).

85.50

挫慢 (*zu* + *wo* in fanqie [cuò], meaning to break and subdue).

85.51

鯨鯢 (the first character is *jing* + *jing* in fanqie [jīng]; the second character is *yi* + *ji* in fanqie [ní]; the *Yunquan* says: 'the largest fish in the ocean; the male is called *jing*, the female is called *ni*; its body is over a thousand leagues long, and its eyes are like the sun').

85.52

雰霧 (the first character sounds like 芬 [fēn], also written as 氛, meaning vapors; the second character sounds like 務 [wù]; the *Erya* says: 'When vapor arises from the earth and the heavens do not respond, it is called fog (霧)').

85.53

之儔 (*zhou* + *liu* in fanqie [chóu], meaning equal or peer).

85.54

撝談柄 (the first character sounds like 暉 [huī], meaning to direct or brandish; the second character is *bing* + *ming* in fanqie [bǐng], meaning a handle or place to grasp).

85.55

罇爼 (the first character sounds like 尊 [zūn], a wine vessel; the second character is *zhuang* + *suo* in fanqie [zǔ]; the *Kaosheng* says: 'a meat vessel; a small table').

85.56

牒盈 (*tian* + *xie* in fanqie [dié]; the *Kaosheng* says: 'a tablet'; the *Shuowen* says: '牒 means a slip of wood'; in the treatise it is written with the speech radical as 諜, meaning 牒).

85.57

寶軸 (the second character sounds like 逐 [zhú]).

85.58

濩落 (the first character is *huang* + *guo* in fanqie [huò]; the second character sounds like 洛 [luò], meaning spacious and vast without limit).

85.59

听尒 (*yin* + *jin* in fanqie [yǐn]; the *Yunquan* says: '听 is the appearance of a light laugh'; the *Shuowen* also says: 'to laugh').

85.60

大䡈 (*jiang* + *yue* in fanqie [jiào]; the *Erya* says: '䡈 means straight'; the *Guangya* says: 'clear'; the *Shuowen* has it from 車 (cart) and 爻 phonetic; in the treatise it is written with 交, which is a vulgar character).

85.61

純痝 (the second character is *ma* + *bang* in fanqie [máng], meaning coarse or rustic).

85.62

粒食 (the first character sounds like 立 [lì]; the *Shangshu* says: 'grain-eating is called 粒'; the *Shuowen* has it from 米 (rice) and 立 phonetic).

85.63

嘉貺 (the second character sounds like 況 [kuàng], meaning an bestowed gift).

85.64

蹐地 (the first character is *qing* + *ji* in fanqie [jí]; the *Kaosheng* says: 'to step'; Mao's commentary on the *Classic of Poetry* says: 'to tread lightly'; the *Shuowen* has it from 足 (foot) and 脊 phonetic).

85.65

喁喁 (also written as 顒顒, which is also acceptable; *yu* + *gong* in fanqie [yóng]; the *Jixun* says: 'the appearance of possessing fear and dread, showing reverence, prudence, and caution').

85.66

彶彶 (*jin* + *li* in fanqie [jí]; the *Yunying* says: 'walking hastily; semantic 彳 (step), phonetic 及'; in the treatise it is written with the water radical, which is incorrect, being a scribal error).

85.67

殲其 (*jie* + *yan* in fanqie [jiān]; the *Yunying* and *Kaosheng* both say: '殲 means to extinguish or exhaust completely'; in the treatise it is written with 截, which is incorrect).

85.68

灞川 (*bai* + *ma* in fanqie [bà]; the Ba River in the land of Qin, the name of a river east of the imperial capital).

85.69

解脰 (脰 sounds like 豆 [dòu]; He's commentary on the *Gongyang zhuan* says: '脰 means neck'; the *Zuozhuan* says: 'Shensheng slit his neck and died'; the *Gojin zhengzi* has it from 肉 (flesh) and 亘 phonetic).

85.70

陷腦 (*nu* + *lao* in fanqie [nǎo], the standard character; meaning marrow; the *Gujin zhengzi* has it from 匕 and [甾-十+乂] phonetic; [甾-十+乂] sounds the same as above; in the treatise it is written as 腦, which is a vulgar character).

85.71

亡狙 (*qi* + *yu* in fanqie [jū]; *Zhuangzi* says: 'Apes and monkeys mate'; the *Guangya* says: 'The 狙 is a macaque'; the *Shuowen* says: 'The 狙 belongs to the troop of apes; semantic 犬 (dog), phonetic 且; 且 is *zi* + *yu* in fanqie [jū]; writing 狙 with 目, with 有, or with 且 is incorrect).

85.72

下釣 (*ying* + *yao* in fanqie [diào]; the *Kaosheng* says: '釣 means a hook; to pull; to suspend'; the *Shuowen* says: 'to hook fish; semantic 金 (metal), phonetic 勺'; it is also written as 魡).

85.73

河湍 (*tang* + *guan* in fanqie [tuān]; character books say: '湍 means rapid shallows'; Xu Shuzhong's commentary on the *Huainanzi* says: '湍 is rapid water; 瀨 is shallow water'; the *Shuowen* says: '湍 is also shallow rapids; semantic 水 (water), phonetic 耑; 耑 sounds like 端 [duān]'; in the treatise it is written with the earth radical, which is incorrect).

85.74

芻豢 (the first character is *chu* + *ju* in fanqie [chú]; the *Yunying* says: '芻 is grass; wild grass'; the *Shuowen* says: 'reaped grass; the upper part resembles bundles of bound grass; semantic three 勹 and two 屮; 屮 is *chou* + *lie* in fanqie [chè]; 勹 is pronounced 包 [bāo]; it is also correctly written with the grass radical as 蒭; writing 蒭 in the treatise is incorrect, for that is an ancient form of 多'; the second character, 豢, sounds like 患 [huàn]; Zheng's commentary on the *Rites of Zhou* says: 'Feeding cattle and sheep is called 芻; feeding dogs and pigs is called 豢'; the *Shuowen* says: 'To feed pigs with pen-slops and grain; semantic 豕 (pig), phonetic 卷 abbreviated').

85.75

𦞦染指之黿 (the first character is *he* + *ge* in fanqie [hè]; the *Kaosheng* says: 'That which resembles broth but is thick is called 𦞦'; the *Shuowen* says: 'meat broth; semantic 肉 (flesh), phonetic 寉; 寉 is pronounced 涸 [hé]'; the second character, 黿, sounds like 元 [yuán]; the *Shuowen* says: 'An armored aquatic reptile, a great softshell turtle; semantic 黽, phonetic 元'; speaking of 'dipping one's finger into the turtle' refers to the account in the *Zuo Commentary*).

85.76

缹如朱之鼈 (the first character is *fang* + *you* in fanqie [fǒu], a rising-tone character; the *Kaosheng* says: 'cooked over fire; something resembling broth but without liquid is called 缹'; the *Gujin zhengzi* has it from 火 (fire) and 缶 phonetic; 缶 is *fu* + *gou* in fanqie [fǒu]; the second character is *bian* + *mie* in fanqie [biē]; the *Shuowen* says: 'an armored aquatic creature'; speaking of the vermilion turtle, the *Lüshi chunqiu* says: 'A creature in the Lishui River is named the vermilion turtle'; another explanation says: 'On the back of this creature there are white pearls, and its body is of pearl color, hence it is called the pearl turtle'; the *Shuowen* has it from 黽 and 敝 phonetic; 敝 is *pi* + *mei* in fanqie [bì]).

85.77

盜跖 (the first character is *tao* + *dao* in fanqie [dào]; the second character is *zheng* + *yi* in fanqie [zhí]; Du's commentary on the *Zuozhuan* says: 'Stealing goods is called 盜'; the *Guliang zhuan* says: 'Taking what is contrary to propriety is called 盜'; the *Shuowen* says: 'appropriating property for personal gain; semantic 㳄, phonetic 皿; 㳄 is *qiu* + *xian* in fanqie [xián]; 皿 is *ming* + *bing* in fanqie [mǐng]'; the character 跖: the *Guangya* says: '跖 means to tread'; the *Huainanzi* says: '跖 means to walk by stepping'; the *Shuowen* says: 'the sole of the foot'; *Zhuangzi* says: 'Robber Zhi was the name of a ferocious man, the younger brother of Zhan Ji').

85.78

囊裝 (the first character is *nuo* + *lang* in fanqie [náng]; the *Kaosheng* says: 'A bag with a bottom is called a 囊'; the *Zuozhuan* says: 'A large one is called a 囊'; the *Shuowen* says: '囊 means a sack (橐); semantic [橐-石+(囗@乂)], phonetic 𱔞 abbreviated; 橐 sounds like 託 [tuō]; 橐 is pronounced 混 [hùn]; 𱔞 sounds like 儜 [níng]'; the second character, 裝, sounds like 莊 [zhuāng]).

85.79

孑遺 (the first character sounds like 結 [jié]; Jia's commentary on the *Guoyu* says: '孑 means remainder'; the *Shuowen* says: 'lacking the right arm; semantic 了, phonetic [孑-了]; [孑-了] sounds like 厥 [jué]'; the second character is *wei* + *kui* in fanqie [yí]; Du's commentary on the *Zuozhuan* says: '遺 means lost'; the *Mao Commentary on the Classic of Poetry* says: '遺 means left behind'; Song Yu's commentary on the *Chuci* says: '遺 means remnant'; the *Shuowen* has it from 辵 and 貴 phonetic).

85.80

袪篋 (the first character is *qiang* + *yu* in fanqie [qū]; the *Kaosheng* says: '袪 means sleeve'; the *Liji* says: 'the cuff of a sleeve'; the *Shuowen* has it from 衣 (clothing) and 去 phonetic; the second character is *qian* + *ye* in fanqie [qiè]; the *Jixun* says: '篋 belongs to the category of chests'; the *Shuowen* says: '篋 means a box; semantic 竹 (bamboo), phonetic 匧; 匧 sounds the same as above).

85.81

檮杌 (the first character sounds like 桃 [táo]; the second character is *wu* + *gu* in fanqie [wù]; Du's commentary on the *Zuozhuan* says: '檮杌 was one of the four treacherous men during the time of the Five Thearchs; it describes an appearance of obstinate wickedness and utter ignorance'; both characters are phono-semantic characters with the wood radical).

85.82

澒澒 (*hong* + *dong* in fanqie [hòng]; saying 澒澒 refers to being so deeply intoxicated as to be dead drunk without any awareness, the body being limp like soft mud; semantic 水 (water), phonetic 項).

85.83

褒貶 (The first character has the fanqie [bao + mao] 保毛. Gu Yewang states: "褒 means to extol someone's virtues." Zheng's commentary to the Liji states: "To advance." The Shuowen states: "Broad robes and mat skirts; it takes its component from 衣 [garment] and ‹保› as its phonetic." The second character has the fanqie [bing + yan] 兵奄. Zheng's commentary to the Zhouli states: "貶 means to reduce." The Kaosheng states: "To demote." The Shuowen states: "To diminish or injure; it takes its component from 貝 [cowrie shell] and ‹乏› as its phonetic.")

85.84

小愆 (The fanqie is [qiu + yan] 丘言. Kong's commentary to the Shangshu states: "愆 means a fault." Du's commentary to the Zuozhuan states: "An error." The Shuowen states: "A crime; it takes its component from 心 [mind/heart] and ‹衍› as its phonetic." Alternatively written with ‹偘› or with 言 [speech] as 𠐨, which is also acceptable.)

85.85

三𩟷 (The fanqie is [yu + gong] 紆恭. The Kaosheng states: "𩟷 means cooked food." Zheng's commentary to the Zhouli states: "𩟷 is the designation for cutting, cooking, frying, and blending." The Shuowen states: "It also means cooked food; it takes its component from 食 [food] and ‹雝› as its phonetic.")

85.86

之[荖-匕+(刃/一)] (The fanqie is [xing + you] 星遊. The Shuowen states: "To offer or present; it takes its component from 羊 [sheep] and ‹丑› as its phonetic; a sheep is that which is presented." 芉 is the correct character for ‹sheep›. In the treatise it is written with ‹龹› as ‹眷›, which is incorrect and does not form a proper character.)

85.87

繭栗 (The first character has the fanqie [jian + dian] 堅典. It also refers to the horns of the ox sacrificed to Heaven and Earth, which are like cocoons and chestnuts [small and rounded]. The Shuowen states: "繭 is a silkworm's robe; it takes its components from 糸 [silk] and 虫 [insect], with ‹芇› as its phonetic." 芇 is pronounced like 綿, representing the two antennae of a moth. Alternatively written with 見 as 絸, which is also acceptable. In the treatise it is written with 爾 as 璽, which is incorrect.)

85.88

堅鞚勒 (The fanqie is [kong + gong] 空貢. The bridle bit of a horse that is held by a person is called 鞚. The Wenzidian shuo states: "It takes its component from 革 [leather] and ‹空› as its phonetic; it is a departing-tone character.")

85.89

𥇒毛 (The first character has the fanqie [zi + ye] 子葉. The Kaosheng states: "𥇒 are the hairs on the eyelids." The Cangjiepian states: "Hairs of the outer canthus." The Shuowen states: "Hairs flanking the eyes; it takes its component from 目 [eye] and ‹妾› as its phonetic." 眥 is pronounced [zi] and means the eye socket.)

85.90

青緻 (The second character has the fanqie [chi + li] 馳利. Zheng's commentary to the Liji states: "緻 means dense and fine." The Gujin zhengzi states: "It takes its component from 糸 [silk] and ‹致› as its phonetic.")

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周顗 (The fanqie is [yu + yi] 魚倚; a person's name.)

85.92

王濛 (Pronounced like 蒙; also a person's name.)

85.93

郗超 (The fanqie is [chi + zhi] 勑知; a person's name.)

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王謐 (Pronounced like 蜜; a person's name.)

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㝢內 (The first character has the fanqie [yu + ju] 于矩. The Erya states: "The space between heaven, earth, and the four directions is called 㝢." The Gujin zhengzi states: "It takes its component from 宀 [roof] and ‹禹› as its phonetic." In variant characters, it is written with ‹字›, having the same usage.)

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威惠 (The Kaosheng states: "惠 means affection; it means benevolence." The Shuowen states: "Humane kindness." Sometimes written as 慧, which is incorrect. In the treatise it is written as 憓, which is also acceptable.)

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媿焉 (The fanqie is [gui + wei] 鬼位. Alternatively written with 心 as 愧.)

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霹靂 (The first character has the fanqie [ping + bi] 娉壁; the second character has the fanqie [li + de] 力的. Gu Yewang states: "A great thunderclap." In the treatise it is sometimes written with 石 as 礔礰, which are vulgar characters lacking classical authority.)

85.99

Bian zheng lun (Treatise on Discerning the Correct), Fascicle Two (Chapter on the Governance of the Three Teachings, Part Two)

85.100

鏘鏘 (The fanqie is [que + yang] 鵲羊. The Jixun states: "The sound of gold and jade." Alternatively written with 門 as 𨶆, or with 足 as 𨄚, or with 玉 as 𤨿; these are all ancient characters. The Shuowen states: "The ringing sound of a musical stone; a phono-semantic compound character.")

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昏墊 (The second character has the fanqie [ding + nian] 丁念. Kong's commentary to the Shangshu states: "The common people were submerged in despair and overwhelmed by flood disasters." The Kaosheng states: "墊 means to sink downward." The Gujin zhengzi states: "It takes its components from 執 and 土 [earth].")

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礫石 (The fanqie is [shang + zhuo] 傷灼. Jia's commentary to the Guoyu states: "鑠 means to melt metal; it takes its component from 金 [metal] and ‹樂› as its phonetic.")

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狼狽 (The first character is pronounced like 郎; the second character is pronounced like 貝. The Kaosheng states: "To lose order; hurried and flustered.")

85.104

銀𣖁 (The second character has the fanqie [kan + he] 坎盍. The Kaosheng states: "A 榼 is a vessel for holding wine." In the treatise it is written as 榼, which is a vulgar character.)

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攘臂 (The first character has the fanqie [ru + yang] 汝羊. The Kaosheng states: "攘 means to resist and fend off." The Yupian states: "Rolling up one's sleeves to expose the arm is called 攘, which denotes an aroused spirit and brave fury." The Shuowen states: "It takes its component from 手 [hand] and ‹襄› as its phonetic.")

85.106

軿羅 (The first character has the fanqie [ping + mian] 瓶眠. The Cangjiepian states: "軿 is a curtained carriage." The Zhouli states: "軿 means a screen." The Shuowen states: "It takes its component from 車 [cart] and ‹并› as its phonetic.")

85.107

熠燿 (The first character is pronounced like 習. The Kaosheng states: "熠燿 means the brilliant radiance of fire." Du's commentary to the Zuozhuan states: "熠燿 is phosphorus; phosphorus is firefly glow.")

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甂甌 (The first character has the fanqie [bian + mian] 遍眠. The Kaosheng states: "A 甂 resembles an urn but is lower; one [source] says it is a small urn with a spout." The Shuowen states: "A 甂 resembles a 瓿-jar, with a wide mouth and a low height." The second character has the fanqie [a + hou] 阿侯. The Kaosheng states: "An 甌 is a small earthenware basin." Wang's commentary to the Chuci states: "An earthenware vessel, or an earthenware bowl." Both are phono-semantic compound characters. 瓿 has the fanqie [pou + hou] 掊厚.)

85.109

訛言 (The fanqie is [wu + he] 五禾. The Mao-edition Classic of Poetry states: "訛 means false." Guo's commentary to the Erya states: "Seditious rumors." In character glossaries it is sometimes written as 譌. The Gujin zhengzi states: "It takes its component from 言 [speech] and ‹化› as its phonetic.")

85.110

老𦙇 (Pronounced like 貪. The Wenzi jilüe states: "The given name of Master Li Lao during the Ji-Zhou dynasty." In the treatise it is written with 身 as 𨈜, which is incorrect.)

85.111

嵇康 (The first character is pronounced like 奚; the personal name of the grand master Ji Shuye of the Eastern Jin. The Gujin zhengzi states: "It takes its component from 山 [mountain] and ‹𮂱› as its phonetic." 𮂱 is pronounced like 鷄.)

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歃白馬 (The first character has the fanqie [suo + jia] 所甲. Jia's commentary to the Guoyu states: "歃 means to drink blood [in an alliance covenant]." The Yupian states: "To sip slightly with the mouth." The Shuowen states: "It takes its component from 欠 [yawn/breath] and ‹臿› as its phonetic." 臿 has the fanqie [cha + jia] 叉甲, composed of 干 and 臼. In the treatise it is written with 口 and 妾 as 唼, which is not suitable for this usage.)

85.113

駏驉 (The first character is pronounced like 巨; the second character is pronounced like 虛. The name of a domestic animal. Cao Xian's commentary to the Guangya notes that Kong Anguo's commentary to the Shangshu states: "駏驉 is an animal belonging to the donkey or mule kind from the northeastern barbarians of the Guzhu Kingdom.")

85.114

脊膂 (The first character has the fanqie [jing + yi] 精亦. The Kaosheng states: "The backbone." The second character is pronounced like 呂. In ancient script it was written as 呂, picturing the backbone.)

85.115

律汋 (The fanqie is [chang + ruo] 昌若. The Erya has 瀱汋. Guo's commentary states: "When well water intermittently appears and disappears, it is called 汋; a phono-semantic compound character.")

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詭說 (The fanqie is [gui + hui] 歸毀. The Kaosheng states: "Deceitful; defrauding; wicked. It takes its component from 危; a phono-semantic compound character.")

85.117

嗜欲 (The fanqie is [shi + zhi] 時至. Zheng's commentary to the Liji states: "Covetous." Kong's commentary to the Shangshu states: "Without satiation or satisfaction." It takes its component from 旨.)

85.118

為蛤 (The fanqie is [gan + da] 甘答. Zheng's commentary to the Erya states: "A swallow that enters the water after one hundred years transforms into a clam." The Kaosheng states: "A kind of clam or mussel.")

85.119

為蜃 (The fanqie is [chen + ren] 辰忍. The Shuowen states: "A pheasant that enters the Huai River transforms into a large clam; a phono-semantic compound character.")

85.120

鍱腹 (The first character is pronounced like 葉. The non-Buddhist ascetic Raudrākṣa wrapped his belly with copper plates; it takes its component from 金 [metal] and ‹枼› as its phonetic.)

85.121

綺藻 (The first character has the fanqie [qi + qi] 崎䗁. The Shuowen states: "Patterned damask silk." The second character has the fanqie [zao + lao] 遭老. Kong's commentary to the Shangshu states: "Aquatic plants that have patterns." The Kaosheng states: "Literary refinement or ornament.")

85.122

幾警 (The fanqie is [ji + xi] 几希. Kong's commentary to the Shangshu states: "Subtle." The Shuowen states: "It takes its components from 𢆶—𢆶 being pronounced like 幽—and 戍; an ideographic compound character." The second character has the fanqie [jing + ying] 京影. The Kaosheng states: "警 means alert and perceptive." Kong's commentary to the Shangshu states: "To admonish and caution." The Gujin zhengzi states: "It takes its component from 言 [speech] and ‹敬› as its phonetic.")

85.123

崆峒 (The first character is pronounced like 空; the second character is pronounced like 同. The place where Guangchengzi lived in seclusion and where the Yellow Emperor inquired about the Way.)

85.124

脫屣 (The first character has the fanqie [tuan + huo] 湍活; the second character has the fanqie [shi + qi] 師綺. The Shuowen states: "Sandals." In the treatise it is written with 麗 as 躧, which is a vulgar character.)

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淈泥 (The first character has the fanqie [kun + mei] 昆沒. It means to sink or drown; the sound of flowing water.)

85.126

𨃟𨀢 (The first character is pronounced like 盤; the second character has the fanqie [san + lan] 散蘭. The Kaosheng states: "To halt and make no forward progress." The Gujin zhengzi states: "Both characters take their component from 足 [foot], with ‹般› and ‹𠕋› respectively serving as their phonetics.")

85.127

拼之 (The fanqie is [pai + meng] 拍萠. Alternatively written as 抨. The Gujin zhengzi states: "拼 means to snap a line or to bore into.")

85.128

Bian zheng lun (Treatise on Discerning the Correct), Fascicle Three (Chapter on Revering the Buddha Through Ten Dynasties, Part One)

85.129

項日 (The first character has the fanqie [xue + jiang] 學降; the second character has the fanqie [ren + zhi] 人質. Emperor Ming of the Han had a dream in which he saw the Buddha with sunlight behind his nape flying about the palace courtyard; this was a miraculous manifestation of the Buddha's spiritual power.)

85.130

殫言 (The first character is pronounced like 單. The Kaosheng states: "To exhaust completely; it takes its component from 歹 [bad/bone], with 歹 being pronounced like 殘.")

85.131

陟𡵆 (The first character has the fanqie [zheng + li] 徵力. 陟 means to ascend; a three-tiered mountain. The second character has the fanqie [qi + yi] 欺已. The Gujin zhengzi states: "A mountain bare of grass and trees is called 𡵆; it takes its component from 山 [mountain] and ‹已› as its phonetic.")

85.132

韭山 (Pronounced like 九; the name of a vegetable [leek/scallion]. The name of a monastery built beside this mountain.)

85.133

戡戩 (The first character has the fanqie [kan + gan] 坎甘. In the Shangshu it is written with 今 as 鈛. The Kaosheng states: "To pierce." Kong's commentary to the Shangshu states: "戡 means to conquer." The Shuowen states: "To kill." The second character is pronounced like 剪. The Shuowen states: "戩 means to eradicate or remove; it takes its component from 戈 [halberd] and ‹晉› as its phonetic.")

85.134

繡栱 (The first character has the fanqie [xiu + xiu] 修袖. The Kaogongji states: "When the five colors are complete, it is called 繡 [embroidered]." The Shuowen states: "It takes its component from 糸 [silk] and ‹肅› as its phonetic." The second character has the fanqie [gong + yong] 恭勇. The Wenzidian shuo states: "A 栱 is a crossbeam; it takes its component from 木 [wood] and ‹共› as its phonetic.")

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彫楹 (The first character has the fanqie [niao + liao] 鳥寥. The Guangya states: "彫 means to engrave or carve." The Shuowen states: "To carve and chisel into patterns." The second character is pronounced like 盈. The Kaosheng states: "An 楹 is a pillar." The Gujin zhengzi states: "It takes its component from 木 [wood] and ‹盈› as its phonetic.")

85.136

文𣗽 (The fanqie is [xian + yi] 䯗夷. The Kaosheng states: "Rafters." The Shenglei states: "Interconnected eaves of a roof." The Shuowen states: "It takes its component from 木 [wood] and ‹[奐-大+比]› as its phonetic; [奐-大+比] has the same sound as given above.")

85.137

旦奭 (The first character has the fanqie [dan + gan] 單幹. Kong's commentary to the Shangshu states: "The personal name of the Duke of Zhou." The second character has the fanqie [sheng + yi] 聖亦. The Shangshu states: "奭 is the personal name of the Duke of Shao." The Shuowen states: "Flourishing; it takes its components from 大 [great] and 皕, with 皕 also serving as its phonetic." 皕 has the pronunciation [bi] 祕.)

85.138

珍龕 (The second character is pronounced like 堪. The Guangya states: "Chiseling out the stone face of a mountain to create a niche is called a 龕.")

85.139

連甍 (The second character has the fanqie [mai + geng] 麥耕. The Kaosheng states: "甍 is the ridgepole of a roof." The Shuowen states: "It takes its component from 瓦 [tile] and an abbreviated ‹薨› as its phonetic.")

85.140

櫛比 (The first character has the fanqie [zhen + se] 臻瑟. The Shuowen states: "櫛 is the general term for combs and fine-toothed combs; it takes its component from 木 [wood] and ‹節› as its phonetic." The second character has the fanqie [pin + yi] 頻逸; it means close together or dense.)

85.141

紐地 (The first character has the fanqie [ni + jiu] 尼九. The Guangya states: "紐 means to tie or bind." The Shuowen states: "紐 is silk cord; it takes its component from 糸 [silk] and ‹丑› as its phonetic; pronouncing it in the departing tone is also acceptable.")

85.142

之恉 (Pronounced like 旨. The Shuowen states: "Intention or purport; it takes its component from 心 [mind/heart] and ‹旨› as its phonetic.")

85.143

涤煩: the first character [滌] has the fanqie *t- / lek* (庭歷反); 'dí' means to wash, to eliminate; it takes the water classifier (水) and 'tiáo' (條) as phonophore.

85.144

[漜-土+肉]欷: the first character has the fanqie *sh- / kan* (殺姦反), in the level tone; the Commentary to the Mao Poetry states: '[漜-土+肉]rán (copiously) tears fell'; the Shuowen says it takes the water classifier (水) with 𰮫 as phonophore and takes 𣀙 in abbreviated form; the second character has the fanqie *x- / khjɨi* (希氣反); the Kaosheng says: 'xī' means sorrow, the residual sound of sobbing; in treatises, textbooks have written the character erroneously, which is very deviant from the standard graph.

85.145

莞席: the first character is pronounced *huán* (桓); it is the name of a plant, resembling bulrush (pú) but round and small, which can be made into mats, though of poor quality.

85.146

高悝: [悝] has the fanqie *kh- / huəi* (塊回反); the Yunying says it means grief; it also means to open; it is a personal name, the Prefect of Danyang.

85.147

江沱: the second character has the fanqie *d- / ha* (達何反); it is the name of a river; the Shangshu states: 'Min Mountain guided the Jiang River; to the east, it diverged into the Tuo'; it takes the water classifier (水) and 'tā' (它) as phonophore; 'tā' is pronounced *tā* (他).

85.148

駿驥: the first character is pronounced *jùn* (俊); the second character is pronounced *jì* (冀); an honorific term for fine horses, a thousand-li steed; phono-semantic compound characters.

85.149

宗[(十/(ㄇ@一))*殳]: has the fanqie *kh- / kak* (口角反); a person's clan name and personal name; in treatises, written with 'jí' (吉) as 𭮪, which is incorrect.

85.150

劉勔: the first is the orthodox form of the character 'Liú' (劉); the second character has the fanqie *m- / pen* (綿編反), the name of a Minister of Works (Sikong) of the [Liu] Song dynasty; it takes 'miàn' (面) and 'lì' (力).

85.151

學綜: [綜] has the fanqie *ts- / sowng* (宗宋反); the Kaosheng says 'zòng' means to synthesize / encompass; it also denotes the threads on a loom.

85.152

王暕: [暕] has the fanqie *k- / hæn* (姦限反), in the rising tone; a personal name.

85.153

傅縡: the first character has the fanqie *p- / mju* (夫務反); the second character is pronounced *zǎi* (宰).

85.154

柳忱: the second character has the fanqie *zh- / lim* (甚林反); the Kaosheng says it means respect, sincerity; it takes 'yín' (冘); 'yín' is pronounced *yín* (淫).

85.155

柳惔: the second character is pronounced *tán* (談); a personal name.

85.156

子恪: [恪] has the fanqie *kh- / kak* (可各反).

85.157

灞滻: the first character has the fanqie *p- / ma* (巴罵反); the second character has the fanqie *sh- / kæn* (山簡反); names of rivers in the Qin region.

85.158

諱詡: [詡] has the fanqie *x- / ju* (吁雨反); an emperor of the [Northern] Wei.

85.159

諱燾: [燾] is pronounced *dào* (道), a rising-tone character.

85.160

複殿: the first character has the fanqie *b- / uwk* (伏屋反); a multi-storeyed building.

85.161

檐扄: the first character is pronounced *yán* (閻); the second character has the fanqie *k- / yeng* (癸營反); an iron bolt.

85.162

相繚: [繚] has the fanqie *l- / tew* (力鳥反); it means to encircle.

85.163

瓌瑋: the first character has the fanqie *k- / huəi* (古回反); it means great; the second character is pronounced *wěi* (葦); it means extraordinary.

85.164

靖帝: the first character has the fanqie *dz- / yeng* (慈郢反); it means peaceful.

85.165

漳滏: the first character is pronounced *zhāng* (章); the Rites of Zhou lists the Zhang as a river of Jizhou; the Book of Han states: 'The Turbid Zhang emerges from Mount Lugu in Shangdang and flows east to Ye where it enters the Clear Zhang; the Clear Zhang emerges from Guyao Valley in Shangdang and flows north into the Yellow River'; the second character is pronounced *fǔ* (釜); Guo's commentary to the Shanhaijing states: 'The Fu River emerges from Mount Fukou west of Linshui County, passes through Handan, and enters the Zhang River; its water is as hot as boiling soup in a cauldron.'

85.166

鐫石: [鐫] has the fanqie *ts- / ywen* (蕝緣反); the Yunying says 'juān' means to chisel; the Fangyan says it means to carve metal and stone; it takes the metal classifier (金), 'zhuī' (隹), and 'gōng' (弓) below; 'jué' (蕝) has the fanqie *ts- / ywet* (俊悅反).

85.167

鷹鷂: the first character has the fanqie *ʔ- / kəng* (億兢反); the Yunying says it is a large raptor, a falcon (sǔn), which catches pheasants and hares; 'zhì' (鷙) is pronounced *zhì* (至); the second character has the fanqie *y- / dew* (遙召反); it is also a small raptor, which catches swallows and sparrows.

85.168

鷙鳥: the first character is pronounced *zhì* (至); the Mao Poetry states: 'zhì' means fierce; the Guangya says it means to seize, to capture; a phono-semantic compound character.

85.169

諱毓: [毓] has the fanqie *y- / ljuwk* (融六反); the personal name of Emperor Ming of the Northern Zhou; rearing from infancy to maturity is called 'yù'.

85.170

諱贇: [贇] has the fanqie *w- / lyun* (委倫反); the Kaosheng says it means fine/beautiful; the personal name of Emperor Xuan of the Northern Zhou.

85.171

懋緒: the first character has the fanqie *m- / həw* (莫候反); the Kaosheng states: 'mào' means to encourage; the Gujin zhengzi states it takes the heart classifier (心) with 'mào' (楙) as phonophore; 'mào' (楙) has the same sound as above.

85.172

騶虞: the first character has the fanqie *ts- / srow* (莊搜反); the Guangya says it is of the equine class; the Commentary to the Mao Poetry states it is an auspicious beast, responding when there is the virtue of utmost trustworthiness; the Shuowen says it is a stable keeper/driver; it takes the horse classifier (馬); a phono-semantic compound character.

85.173

麒麐: the first character is pronounced *qí* (其); the second character has the fanqie *l- / trin* (悋珍反); an auspicious beast that responds when a ruler possesses the virtue of supreme sagacity; the Shuowen says it is a benevolent beast; both characters take the deer classifier (鹿); phono-semantic compound characters.

85.174

東鰈: [鰈] has the fanqie *th- / hap* (貪盍反); the flatfish (bǐmùyú); its shape is like a bovine spleen, with fine scales and a black colour; as half-fish, each possesses only one eye, and they must unite before they can swim; this fish exists in the waters east of the Yangtze River; vulgarly called wángyú (King's remainder); the Shuowen says it is a fish; or written with 'qù' (去), with the same pronunciation as 'dié'; a phono-semantic compound character.

85.175

南鶼: [鶼] is pronounced *jiān* (兼); the name of the bird with shared wings; the Erya states: 'In the south there is a bird with shared wings named the jiān-jiān; it resembles a duck (𠒎), and each has only one eye and one wing; they must pair together before they can fly, and cannot fly without pairing; they are blue-green and red in colour'; written in treatises as 'west' [西] is an error.

85.176

柱礎: [礎] is pronounced *chǔ* (楚); namely, what is nowadays the stone footing beneath a pillar; also called a pillar's 'zhì' (礩); another name is pillar's 'xì' (磶); 'xì' is pronounced *xī* (昔); people of the south call it 'chǔ'; a phono-semantic compound.

85.177

瘖者: the first character has the fanqie *ʔ- / lim* (邑林反); the Kaosheng states: unable to speak.

85.178

九垓: [垓] has the fanqie *k- / hɑi* (改孩反); the name of a mathematical order.

85.179

寸梠: [梠] is pronounced *lǚ* (呂); Guo's commentary to the Fangyan says: the eaves of a roof; pronounced *yán* (閻).

85.180

尺椽: [椽] has the fanqie *dr- / lwen* (長攣反); also named rafter (juézi); also called 'xiāng' (欀); it takes the tree classifier (木) and an abbreviated form of 'yuán' (緣) as phonophore.

85.181

璧璫: [璫] is pronounced *dāng* (當); an ornament made of pearls and jade beads.

85.182

多祉: [祉] has the fanqie *tsh- / li* (勑里反); Du's commentary to the Zuozhuan says it means official emolument; the Shuowen says it means blessing/fortune; it takes the cult classifier (示) and 'zhǐ' (止) as phonophore.

85.183

舛蹈: the first character has the fanqie *tsh- / ywen* (川兖反); the Yunying says: 'chuǎn' means perverse, erroneous, discordant, uneven; the second character has the fanqie *d- / taw* (桃到反), a departing-tone character; it means to move, to walk; it takes the foot classifier (足).

85.184

韞異: the first character has the fanqie *ʔ- / pjun* (威粉反); the Guangya says 'yùn' means to wrap; the Yunying says to conceal; the Shuowen says it takes the leather classifier (韋); a mutually defining derivative character (zhuǎnzhù).

85.185

碪鎚: the first character has the fanqie *tr- / lim* (張林反); an anvil block; sometimes written with the tree classifier (木) as 椹, which is also accepted; written in treatises with 'zhān' (占) as 砧 is a vulgar character; the second character has the fanqie *dr- / lwie* (長羸反); an iron mallet for hammering; the Shuowen says it takes the metal classifier (金) with 'zhuī' (追) as phonophore; or written with the tree classifier (木), which is also accepted.

85.186

輸賝: the first character has the fanqie *sy- / tsju* (商珠反); the Kaosheng says to send, to present; the Shuowen says it takes the cart classifier (車) and 'yú' (俞) as phonophore; the second character has the fanqie *tsh- / lim* (勅林反); the Commentary to the Mao Poetry says 'chēn' means treasure; written either with the jade classifier (王) or with the cowrie classifier (貝), both are accepted.

85.187

巃嵸: the first character has the fanqie *l- / khowng* (祿孔反); the second character has the fanqie *ts- / khowng* (宗孔反); the Kaosheng states: mountain peaks clustered and lofty is called [lóngzǒng]; the Gujin zhengzi considers it a mutually defining derivative character (zhuǎnzhù).

85.188

[(土/儿/夕)*力]𨀗: the first character has the fanqie *l- / deng* (力澄反), an orthodox character; in treatises it is often written with the mound classifier (阜) as 陵, an erroneous usage; the Shuowen says it takes 'lì' (力) and 'líng' (夌) as phonophore; 'líng' is pronounced *líng* (陵); the second character has the fanqie *kh- / hwa* (誇化反); character dictionaries say 'kuà' means to leap over, to cross; it takes the foot classifier (足) with 𡗢 as phonophore; 𡗢 has the same sound as above; written in treatises as 'kuā' (夸) is incorrect.

85.189

臨曖: the second character is pronounced *ài* (愛); sunlight, illumination; it takes the sun classifier (日) and 'ài' (愛) as phonophore.

85.190

紺翠: the first character has the fanqie *k- / ʔəm* (甘暗反); the Shuowen says: colored silk of deep bluish-black with a sheen of red; it takes the silk classifier (糸) and 'gān' (甘) as phonophore; the second character has the fanqie *tsh- / tswiy* (千醉反); the Kaosheng states: bright bluish-green is called 'cuì'; it takes the feather classifier (羽) and 'zú' (卒) as phonophore.

85.191

禎瑞: the first character is pronounced *zhēn* (貞); auspicious; the second character has the fanqie *zh- / jwie* (垂偽反); a token of response, a sign.

85.192

重沓: the second character has the fanqie *d- / hop* (談合反); 'tà' also means layered; to match; to join; it takes an abbreviated form of 𥄳 as phonophore; 𥄳 has the same sound as above.

85.193

蕃邸: the first character has the fanqie *p- / phjwon* (發翻反); a general term for borderlands and foreign tribes; a screen; the second character has the fanqie *t- / lej* (丁禮反); a residence; an alternative term for outer provincial seats of imperial princes.

85.194

Treatise on the Clarification of the Orthodox (Bian zheng lun), Fascicle 4 (Chapter on the Ten Generations Upholding Buddhism, Part Two).

85.195

藻黼: the first character has the fanqie *ts- / law* (遭老反); the Kaosheng states: aquatic plants that have patterns; the Shuowen says it takes the grass classifier (草), a phono-semantic compound character; the second character has the fanqie *p- / mju* (付武反); Guo's commentary to the Erya says: patterns on garments shaped like an axe are called 'fǔfǔ'; a phono-semantic compound character.

85.196

窈窕: the first character has the fanqie *ʔ- / kɛw* (幺皎反); the second character has the fanqie *th- / lew* (條了反); the Kaosheng states: 'yǎotiǎo' describes the chaste and gentle appearance of a woman; the Commentary to the Mao Poetry states: 'yǎotiǎo' is the appearance of modest seclusion and upright authenticity; both take the cave classifier (穴); phono-semantic compound characters.

85.197

岧嶤: the first character is pronounced *tiáo* (條); the second character is pronounced *yáo* (堯); the appearance of towering and steep mountain peaks; both characters take the mountain classifier (山); phono-semantic compound characters.

85.198

偪側: the first character has the fanqie *p- / lək* (悲力反); the second character has the fanqie *tsr- / lək* (莊力反); Du's commentary to the Zuozhuan says 'bī' means close; the Erya says to press close; both characters take the human classifier (人); phono-semantic compound characters.

85.199

駢窴: the first character has the fanqie *b- / men* (便眠反); Gu Yewang says: yoking two horses side-by-side is called 'pián'; the second character has the fanqie *d- / nen* (殿年反); the Kaosheng says 'tián' means to stop up, to fill; it takes the cave classifier (穴) and 'zhēn' (真) as phonophore.

85.200

禊飲: the first character has the fanqie *x- / kej* (奚計反); the Shiji states: 'Emperor Wu held a purification ceremony (xì) at Ba Shang'; Xu Guang said: 'Cleansing inauspiciousness on the first Shangsi day of the third month is called xì'; the Guangya says 'xì' means to cleanse (𥄳); it takes the cult classifier (示) and 'qì' (契) as phonophore; 'fú' (祓) is pronounced *fú* (弗).

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一切經音義 — 慧琳, Classical Chinese