續一切經音義 5

English (machine translation) 5

Language: English

5.1

Compiled by the Śramaṇa Xilin of Chongren Temple in Yanjing

Continued pronunciation for:
Newly Translated Benevolent King's Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra for Protecting the State, 2 fascicles;
Great Power Ucchuṣma Vidyārāja Sūtra, 3 fascicles;
Vajraśekhara True Great Teaching King Sūtra, 3 fascicles;
Vajraśekhara Method for Practicing the Samādhi of Vairocana, 1 fascicle;
Vajra Terrifying Supreme Mind Vidyārāja Sūtra, 1 fascicle;
Secret Method of the Acala Messenger Dhāraṇī, 1 fascicle;
Heart of the Prajñāpāramitā Treasury of Universal Wisdom Sūtra, 1 fascicle;
Avalokiteśvara Tārā Bodhisattva Sūtra, 1 fascicle;
One-Syllable Extraordinary Buddhoṣṇīṣa Sūtra, 3 fascicles;
Āryatārā-arolik Sūtra, 1 fascicle;
Vajraśekhara Yoga Mañjuśrī Bodhisattva Sūtra, 1 fascicle;
Trisamaya Acala Messenger Recitation Sūtra, 1 fascicle;
Mahāvaipulya Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva Vyākaraṇa Sūtra, 1 fascicle;
One-Syllable Uṣṇīṣacakra Sūtra Spoken at the Bodhimaṇḍa, 5 fascicles;
Eleven-Faced Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva Secret Ritual Manual Sūtra, 3 fascicles (combined into 1 fascicle);
Birth of the Boundless Gate Dhāraṇī Sūtra, 1 fascicle;
Mahāśrī Devī Stainless Mahāyāna Sūtra, 1 fascicle;
Mahāśrī Devī Twelve Names Sūtra, 1 fascicle;
All Tathāgatas Vajra Āyus Dhāraṇī Sūtra, 1 fascicle;
Guide to the Eighteen Assemblies of the Vajraśekhara Yoga, 1 fascicle;
Yoga Rosary Sūtra, 1 fascicle;
Praise of Samantabhadra's Conduct and Vows, 1 fascicle;
Mahāsaṃnipāta Kṣitigarbha Bodhisattva Inquiring about the Dharmakāya Praise, 1 fascicle;
Vajraśekhara Naya Prajñā Sūtra, 1 fascicle.

5.3

The above twenty-four sūtras in thirty-seven fascicles have their continued pronunciation in this fascicle.

5.4

Newly Translated Benevolent King's Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra for Protecting the State, Upper Fascicle (together with the preface)

5.5

皇矣: The Commentary to the Mao Poetry states: 'Huang (皇) means great; it means to rectify.' The Erya states: 'Huang means to rectify; wang means to correct.' The lower [character is read with the] fanqie yu + ji. The Shuowen jiezi states: 'A particle marking the completion of an utterance; formed from si (厶), the ancient character for yi (已), with shi (矢) providing the phonetic sound. Si is pronounced yi.'

5.6

綿絡: The upper [character is read with the] fanqie mi + bian. The Qieyun states: 'Fine; passing through.' The lower [character is] pronounced luo. The Shuowen jiezi states: 'To weave and connect; also a net; formed from the silk radical (糸) with ge (各) providing the phonetic sound.'

5.7

羅罩: The upper [character is read with the] fanqie lu + ju. The Erya states: 'A net for birds is called a luo (羅).' The lower [character is read with the] fanqie zhu + jiao. The Shuowen jiezi states: 'An implement for catching fish.' The Fangyan states: 'A cage net (longzhao).' The Shuowen jiezi states: 'Both characters luo and zhao should be formed with the net radical (冈).'

5.8

泳沫: The upper [character is] pronounced yong. The Erya states: 'Yong (泳) means to swim.' Guo's Commentary states: 'To swim submerged under water.' The lower [character is read with the] fanqie man + bo. The Kaosheng states: 'Mo (沫) means to cease; floating foam upon water; also the end; the tip. Both characters are phono-semantic compounds. Miao (杪) is read with the fanqie wang + zhao.'

5.9

五始: Examining the Sanwu liji, it states: 'When energy and form are not yet divided, it is called the Great Change (Taiyi). When the primordial energy first begins to sprout, it is called the Great Beginning (Taichu). The inception of energy and form is called the Great Origin (Taishi). When form transforms into material substance, it is called the Great Simplicity (Taisu). When material substance and form are already complete, it is called the Great Ultimate (Taiji). These are the Five Beginnings.'

5.10

徹枕: The upper [character is read with the] fanqie chan + lie. The character dictionaries state: 'Che (徹) means to remove; to eliminate.' The Kaosheng states: 'To draw out.' The Shuowen jiezi states: 'Penetrating; formed from chi (彳), pu (攴), with yu (育) providing the phonetic sound.' The lower [character is read with the] fanqie zhi + ren. The Yunquan states: 'A pillow (zhen) is that which supports the head; formed from wood (木) with yin (冘) providing the phonetic sound. Yin is pronounced yin; chi is pronounced with the fanqie chou + chi; pu is pronounced with the fanqie pu + shi.'

5.11

遏𡨥: The upper [character is read with the] fanqie an + ge. The Cangjie pian states: 'E (遏) means to block.' The Commentary to the Mao Poetry states: 'E means to stop.' The Shangshu states: 'E means to cut off.' The lower [character is read with the] fanqie kou + gou. The Kaosheng states: 'Kou (寇) means bandit.' The Yunquan states: 'Abundant.' The Shuowen jiezi states: 'Violent.' The character dictionaries state that the character kou is formed from pu (攴) and wan (完).

5.12

著星辰: The upper [character is read with the] fanqie zhang + lu. The Zhouyi states: 'Among the manifestation of dark celestial images, none is greater than the sun and moon.' The Liji states: 'That which is manifest without ceasing is Heaven; that which is manifest without moving is Earth.' It also says: 'Zhuo (著) means clear; to establish; to accomplish.' The Gujin zhengzi states: 'Formed from the grass radical (艸) with an abbreviated shu (署) providing the phonetic sound.' The lower character, xing (星), is written in ancient script as 曐. The Shuowen jiezi states: 'The essence of the myriad things rises to become the arrayed constellations.' Furthermore, 'stars' refers to the five planets in their circular courses and the twenty-eight lunar lodges. Examining the Qiyao tianwen jing, it states: 'The three enclosures of the Purple Forbidden, Supreme Subtlety, and Heavenly Market, along with the arrayed lodges, inner and outer officials, total 1,464 stars to be observed and divined.' Chen (辰) is the North Star (beichen). The Analects states: 'Governing with virtue is like the North Star.'

5.13

緬尋: The upper [character is read with the] fanqie mian + dian. Jia's Commentary to the Guoyu states: 'Mian (緬) means to think of.' The Shuowen jiezi states: 'A fine thread; formed from the silk radical (糸) with mian (面) providing the phonetic sound.' The lower [character is read with the] fanqie xu + lin. The character dictionaries state: 'Regular; constant.' The Kaosheng states: 'To search for; to pursue; the character is formed from ⺕ (pronounced shou, 'hand'), mouth (口), gong (工), and cun (寸); it is an ideographic compound.'

5.14

𡕆夫: The upper [character is read with the] fanqie yu + ji. The Kaosheng states: '𡄻 is a cry of grief and pain; a sound uttered as an exclamation of lamentation; formed from zhu (壴) next to mouth (口) to make 𡄻. In the present preface it is written with the heart radical as yi (懿), a popular character.' The lower character, fu (夫), is pronounced fu. Zhu (壴) is read with the fanqie zhu + ju.

5.15

波斯 (Prasenajit): King Pasenadi (Prasenajit); a Sanskrit name abbreviated. Properly it should be said as Prasēnajit (鉢羅犀那逝多); here translated as 'Conquering Army' (Shengjun). He is the requester who asked the Buddha to preach the internal and external protections.

5.16

永袪: The lower [character is read with the] fanqie qu + yu. The Kaosheng states: 'Qu (袪) means sleeve.' The Jixun states: 'To raise.' The Han Poetry states: 'Qu means to eliminate.' The Shuowen jiezi states: 'Formed from the clothing radical (衣) with qu (去) providing the phonetic sound.'

5.17

迺津: The upper [character is read with the] fanqie nu + gai; the ancient form of the character nai (乃); also a grammatical particle. The lower [character is read with the] fanqie jing + yin. Zheng's Commentary to the Zhouli states: 'Jin (津) means moistening.' The Erya states: 'Jin means a ford or bridge.' The Guangya states: 'Jin also means to ferry across.'

5.18

Reddish-yellow oiled silk (緹油: the first character is pronounced *di* + *yi* [= *tǐ*]; Zheng's commentary on the *Rites of Zhou* says it is green silk, and also says it is light red; the *Shuowen jiezi* says it is reddish-yellow silk; the second character, *you*, refers to oiled silk; the ancients used coloured oiled silk to record matters).

5.19

Great chariot (大輅: the second character is pronounced *luo* + *gu* [= *lù*]; the *Baihu tong* says it is the great chariot of the Son of Heaven; character dictionaries say that in antiquity it had solid wooden wheels, but now it is decorated ornately; the *Da Dai Liji* says that in ancient times the canopies of chariots were round to model Heaven, with twenty-eight ribs to model the twenty-eight lunar mansions, the carriage box was square to model Earth, and the thirty spokes modelled the number of days in the lunar cycle; looking up, one observed the celestial patterns, looking down, one inspected the earthly geography, looking forward, one saw the [movement] and heard the sound of the bells, and looking sideways, one observed the turning of the four seasons; the *Shiming* says that what the Son of Heaven rides is called a *lu*, named according to whether it is adorned with gold, jade, or ivory).

5.20

Search out and compose (搜綴: the first character is pronounced *se* + *zou* [= *sōu*]; the *Kaosheng* says it means to seek or to search; the second character is pronounced *zhui* + *wei* [= *zhuì*]; Jia's commentary on the *Guoyu* says that *zhui* means to link together; the *Qieyun* says it means to continue; the *Shuowen jiezi* says it has the silk radical with the phonetic *zhui* [叕]; *zhui* [叕] is pronounced *zhi* + *lie* [= *zhuó* / *zhuò*]).

5.21

Lifting the skirts (褰裳: the first character is pronounced *qu* + *qian* [= *qiān*]; the *Kaosheng* says it means to hitch up one's clothes; the *Erya* says: "When it is deep, one crosses with clothes on; when it is shallow, one hitches them up"; *jie* [揭] means hitching up the robes; Guo's commentary says this means lifting the skirts; *jie* is pronounced *qu* + *ye* [= *qiè*]; the second character is pronounced *shi* + *yang* [= *cháng*]; character dictionaries say that the upper garment is called *yi* and the lower garment is called *shang*).

5.22

Moisten my [heart] (沃朕: the first character is pronounced *wu* + *gu* [= *wò*]; the *Shangshu* says: "Open your heart to moisten my heart"; Jia's commentary on the *Guoyu* says *wo* means to enrich or beautify; the *Guangya* says *wo* means clear; the *Shuowen jiezi* says *wo* means to irrigate; the second character, *zhen*, the *Erya* says *zhen* means 'I' or 'me'; note that in antiquity the noble and base used it alike, but from the First Emperor of Qin onward, only the Son of Heaven alone referred to himself as *zhen*).

5.23

Confer upon me (襲予: the first character is pronounced *xun* + *li* [= *xí*]; the *Guangya* says *xi* means to repeat; Sima Biao's commentary on *Zhuangzi* says *xi* means to enter; Guo's commentary on the *Erya* says *xi* means to double; the second character is pronounced *yi* + *zhu* [= *yú*]; the *Erya* says *yu* means 'me').

5.24

Music of [...] (之籟: the second character is pronounced *luo* + *da* [= *lài*]; the *Guangya* says *lai* is a panpipe; the large ones have twenty-four pipes and are one foot four inches long, while the small ones have sixteen pipes and are one foot two inches long, with two bottoms; the *Shuowen jiezi* says it is a three-holed pipe; it has the bamboo radical and the phonetic *lai* [賴]).

5.25

Koelreuteria and jujube (欒棘: the first character is pronounced *lu* + *huan* [= *luán*]; the *Liji* states: "On the tombs of the Son of Heaven, pine trees were planted; on those of feudal lords, cypress; on those of grand masters, *luan*; and on those of servicemen, willow"; the *Shuowen jiezi* says the *luan* tree resembles the *lan*, having the tree radical and an abbreviated phonetic *luan* [鸞]; the second character is pronounced *jin* + *li* [= *jí*]; the commentary to the *Mao Shi* says *ji* is the sour jujube; Guo's commentary on the *Erya* says the mountain jujube (*dianji*) has fine leaves and thorns; the *Shuowen jiezi* says it resembles the jujube, grows in clumps, and is composed of two *shu* [束]; the *Guangya* says *ji* means thorns; the Eastern pronunciation is *ci* [thorn]).

5.26

Aid me (弼我: the first character is pronounced *pin* + *mi* [= *bì*]; Kong's commentary on the *Shangshu* says *bi* means to assist; the *Erya* says *bi* means to venerate; the *Shangshu dazhuan* says: "The Son of Heaven is flanked by the Four Neighbours: on the left is the Support (*fu*), on the right is the Aid (*bi*), in front is the Questioner (*yi*), and behind is the Successor (*cheng*)"; the *Guangya* says *bi* means to prepare; the *Da Dai Liji* says: "To be pure and upright, sharply direct, correcting errors and remonstrating against wickedness, is called *bi*"; the *Shuowen jiezi* says the character is written with the double bow [弜], pronounced *ju* + *zhi*, with *xi* [西] inside, pronounced *tian* + *nian*; or it is written with the tapping hand radical [攴] as 㢸, or as [弓*((丙*丙)/一)], which are all ancient script forms).

5.27

Liangbi (良賁: the second character is pronounced *bi* + *yi* [= *bì*]; the *Yunying* says it means subtle; it is also the name of a hexagram; the *Yijing* says: "*Bi* brings success. Small advantage in having a direction to go"; note that Liangbi was the name of the monk who assisted in the translation of this *Benevolent King Sūtra*).

5.28

Chang Gun (常衮: the second character is pronounced *gong* + *wen* [= *gǔn*]; this is the name of an Academician of the Hanlin Academy).

5.29

Grasping the writing tablet (握槧: the second character has the two pronunciations *cai* + *gan* [= *cǎn*] and *qi* + *yan* [= *qiàn*]; the *Shiming* says *qian* is a wooden board two feet long; the *Yunquan* says it is a board used for writing records; the *Shuowen jiezi* says it is an unworked writing tablet, with the wood radical and the phonetic *zhan* [斬]; the *Jixun* says it refers to whittling a wooden board to record matters; it is also pronounced *qian* [僉]).

5.30

Profound and subtle (邃賾: the first character is pronounced *sui* + *zui* [= *suì*]; Wang Yi's commentary on the *Chuci* says *sui* means deep; the second character is pronounced *chai* + *ge* [= *zé*]; Liu Xian's commentary on the *Zhouyi* says *ze* is a term for the obscure and deep; the *Shuowen jiezi* says it is composed of the *yi* [𱼧] radical and the phonetic *ze* [責]; 𱼧 is pronounced *yi*; writing it in the preface as 顊賾 is entirely mistaken).

5.31

Manifestly (較然: the first character is pronounced *jiao* [= *jiào* / *jiǎo*]; the *Kaosheng* says it means summary; the *Guangya* says it means bright; the *Erya* says it means straight; the *Shangshu dazhuan* has: "Examining their intentions, their deeds become manifest"; the *Taixuanjing* says: "The ways of the noble person and the petty person are manifestly apparent"; the *Hanshu* says: "It is manifestly easy to know").

5.32

To probe and search (鉤𡩡: the second character is pronounced *suo* + *ge* [= *suǒ*]; the *Shuowen jiezi* says it means to enter a house and search; it has the roof radical [宀] with the phonetic *suo* [索]; the *Kaosheng* says it means to take or to seek; nowadays it is commonly abbreviated by omitting the roof radical, written simply with the market radical and silk radical as 索; the roof radical [宀] is pronounced *mi* + *xian*).

5.33

Treading on gold (躡金: the first character is pronounced *nian* + *zhe* [= *niè*]; the *Fangyan* says *nie* means to ascend; the *Guangya* says it means to tread; the *Shuowen jiezi* says it means to step on, with the foot radical and the phonetic *nie* [聶]; *nie* [聶] has the same pronunciation as above).

5.34

Lamenting and patting (惋撫: the first character is pronounced *wu* + *guan* [= *wǎn*]; the *Kaosheng* says it means to sigh with regret; the *Guiyuan zhucong* says it means to sigh in astonishment and keep it within one's heart; the second character is pronounced *fang* + *wu* [= *fǔ*]; the *Erya* says that *fu* means to cover or to pat).

5.35

The year Zhanmeng (旃蒙歲: the first character is pronounced *zhi* + *ran* [= *zhān*]; the *Erya* says: "When the Grand Year is in the *yi* stem, it is called Zhanmeng; when it is in the *si* branch, it is called Dahuangluo"; note that the *Tang Annals of Emperors* states: "In the third year of Guangde of Emperor Daizong, *jiachen*, it was changed to the first year of Yongtai; the second year, *yisi*, was the Zhanmeng year"; from then until the present, the fifth year of Tonghe, *dinghai*, is 223 years).

5.36

The month when the hibiscus flourishes (木槿榮月: the second character is pronounced *jin* + *yin* [= *jǐn*]; the *Erya* says that the *jia* [椵] is the hibiscus [*mujin*]; Guo's commentary says it resembles a plum tree; Sun Yan's sub-commentary says its flowers are like the hollyhock, purple in colour, blooming in the morning and falling in the evening; this flower flourishes in the fifth summer month; the earlier record of the *Ritual Procedures for Recitation of the Benevolent King Prajñā* states: "In the fourth month of summer, this sūtra was translated in the Southern Peach Garden").

5.37

Vulture Peak (鷲峯: formerly called Mount Gṛdhrakūṭa; the correct Sanskrit is *gṛdhrakūṭa*; here translated as Vulture Peak, or sometimes Vulture Terrace; vultures often roost on the summit of this mountain, and it also resembles a high terrace; it is beside Rājagṛha, where this sūtra was preached; *ji* [姞] is pronounced *ju* + *yi* [= *jí*]).

5.38

Śrāvastī (室羅筏: formerly called the Kingdom of Shewei; the correct form is Śrāvastī; here translated as 'Good Path' or 'Heard Things'; this was the realm ruled by King Prasenajit).

5.39

Arts and crafts (技藝: the first character is pronounced *qu* + *qi* [= *jì*]; the *Kaosheng* says it means ability; the *Jixun* says *ji* is also an art, or a craft; it has the hand radical and *zhi* [支], or is written with the human radical as 伎 in popular usage; in the sūtra text it is written with the woman radical as 妓, meaning female musician, which is not the character for arts and crafts; the second character is pronounced *yu* + *ji* [= *yì*]; the *Qieyun* says it means talent and ability; the *Analects* says: "Roam in the arts"; He's commentary says this refers to the six arts, namely rites, music, archery, charioteering, calligraphy, and mathematics).

5.40

Monk (比丘: an imprecise Sanskrit form; it should be *bhikṣu*; translated here as 'frightener of Māra' [first], 'mendicant' [second], 'pure livelihood' [third], 'pure precepts' [fourth], and 'destroyer of evil' [fifth]; because it possesses these five meanings, the Sanskrit term is retained and not translated).

5.41

Nun (比丘尼: the five meanings are as above; *nī* is the feminine grammatical ending).

5.42

Layman (優婆塞: ancient Sanskrit; correctly *upāsaka*; *upa-* here means 'near'; *-ka* here means 'service'; *-sa-* is the masculine marker; thus, 'a man who serves closely', referring to one who has taken the five precepts and closely approaches and serves the Three Jewels).

5.43

Laywoman (優婆夷: correctly *upāsikā*; *upa-* and *-ka* are explained as before; *-si-* is the feminine vocative/marker).

5.44

Jambudvīpa (贍部洲: the first character is pronounced *shi* + *ran* [= *shàn*]; it is Sanskrit, the general name for this continent; ancient translations had Zhanfu, Yanfu, Yanfuti, or Yanfuli; correctly *jambu*; the *Lokasthiti-abhidharma-śāstra* says there is a jambu tree growing on the northern border of this continent on the south bank of the Nimindhara River, right at the centre of the continent, overlooking the water to the north; beneath this tree, on the waterbed, there is jambunada gold; the tree is named after the gold, and the continent is designated after the tree, hence the name Jambudvīpa; *zhan* [譫] is pronounced *zhi* + *ye* [= *zhān*]; *zhan* [𭛆] is pronounced *can* + *lan* [= *cǎn*]).

5.45

Nayuta (那庾多: the middle character is pronounced *yi* + *zhu* [= *yǔ*]; Sanskrit, also written *nayuta*; a numeral in the Western Regions; in this land, a myriad myriad [a hundred thousand or a hundred million]).

5.46

Newly Translated Sūtra of the Benevolent King Who Protects the State, Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, Fascicle Two

5.47

Manacles and fetters (杻械: the first character is pronounced *chi* + *jiu* [= *niǔ*]; the second character is pronounced *hu* + *jie* [= *xiè*]; the *Yupian* says they are stocks and fetters; made of perforated wood, those on the hands are called *niu* and those on the feet are called *xie*; both characters take the wood radical, with *chou* [丑] and *jie* [戒] as their phonetics).

5.48

Cangue and chains (枷鎻: the first character is pronounced *jia* [= *jiā*]; the *Kaosheng* says it is a yoke; wood is pierced with holes and placed around the neck, an instrument for confining criminals; the second character is pronounced *cheng* + *guo* [= *suǒ*]; it refers to using iron chains to bind criminals).

5.49

Inspect and bind (檢繫: the first character is pronounced *ju* + *yan* [= *jiǎn*]; the *Guangya* says *jian* means a casket, or to bundle, meaning to tie up so that it cannot open or be exposed; it also means to investigate, meaning to investigate, record, and bind; it has the wood radical and the phonetic *qian* [僉]).

5.50

Mahākāla (摩訶迦羅: Sanskrit; *mahā* means great; *kāla* means black; the sūtra says: "Mahākāla, the Great Black Heavenly Spirit", giving both Chinese and Sanskrit together; this deity is the colour of a dark blue-black cloud and has an immeasurable lifespan; with eight arms, each wielding a different weapon, strung skulls serve as his necklace; he assumes a greatly wrathful form, with the Earth Goddess beneath his feet holding his feet with both hands).

5.51

Sores and warts (瘡疣: the first character is pronounced *ce* + *zhuang* [= *chuāng*]; the *Yunying* says it means wounds and sores; also written 創; in ancient script written 𭃅; the second character is pronounced *you* + *you* [= *yóu*]; the *Cang Jie pian* says *you* is an illness; also written 肬; in ancient script also written 𤴨).

5.52

The sun and moon losing their degrees (日月失度: the last character is pronounced *tu* + *gu* [= *dù*]; according to Master Qingcen: "The sun is the essence of extreme yang, completing one circuit of the heavens in one year; the moon is the essence of extreme yin, completing one circuit of the heavens in one month"; the *Jinkui jing* says: "The moon governs distress and calamity, while the sun governs fortune and virtue; therefore the moon is the extraordinary punisher and the sun is the extraordinary benefactor"; usually at the winter solstice the sun is at the twenty-first degree and one quarter of the Dipper [Nandou]; at the spring equinox the sun is at the fourteenth degree of Kui; at the summer solstice the sun is at the twenty-sixth degree of Dongjing; and at the autumn equinox the sun is at the second degree and one quarter of Jiao; any divergence from this constitutes losing their degrees).

5.53

Eclipse (搏蝕: the first character is pronounced *bu* + *ge* [= *bó*]; the *Shuowen jiezi* says it means to strike; the second character is pronounced *shi* [= *shí*]; the *Shiming* says when the moon wanes it is eclipsed, being eaten away little by little like insects eating the leaves of plants and trees; the *Calendar of the Nine Luminaries and Five Elements* says: "Rāhu, also named the Eclipse Spirit, usually remains hidden and invisible; whenever it encounters the sun or moon, an eclipse occurs; furthermore, when the sun and moon share the same position and colour, the moon covers the sun, causing a solar eclipse"; it also states: "The sun's counter-point is as large as the sun, where the sunlight does not shine, called the dark void; when the moon encounters it, a lunar eclipse occurs").

5.54

Comet (彗星: the first character is pronounced *sui* + *rui* [= *huì*]; the *Kaosheng* says it is an ominous star; the *Erya* says: "A comet is called *chanqiang*"; Guo Pu's commentary says it is also called a bushy star [*bo star*], referring to its shape flaring out like a broom; it is variously called a broom star, a bushy star, a *chanqiang* star, or a comet).

5.55

Jupiter (木星: the *Calendar of the Movements of the Five Planets* says it is the essence of wood; its colour is cyan; its nature is benevolence; when it moves according to its normal degrees, it brings good fortune; when it moves retrograde and guards a lodge, it brings calamity; it circles the heavens once in twelve years, completing seventy-six cycles and seven circuits of the heavens in eighty-three years).

5.56

Mars (火星: the essence of fire; its colour is red; its nature is propriety; it is the image of enforcing the law; when it treads its path with brightness, the people are at peace and the state is prosperous; when it loses its degrees and appears contracted and small, there are military disasters and mourning within and without; generally it circles the heavens once in two years, appearing and disappearing once every 780 days, completing thirty-seven cycles and forty-two circuits of the heavens in seventy-nine years).

5.57

Venus (金星: the Great White, the essence of metal; its colour is white; its nature is courage; it is the emblem of the general; it circles the heavens once in one year, visible for 244 days; when it first appears in the west at dusk, its motion is somewhat swift, moving one degree and a small half per day; slowing down gradually, at 249 degrees it remains stationary for eight days, moves retrograde for ten days, stays hidden at dusk for twelve days, and then becomes visible in the east at dawn; generally, in eight years it completes five cycles, appearing five times at dusk and five times at dawn).

5.58

Mercury (水星: the essence of water; its colour is black; its nature is wisdom; it appears and disappears throughout the four seasons; when it is bright and moist, the state is prosperous and the people are joyful; otherwise, floods and droughts cause disaster; it normally appears in the middle month of each of the four seasons; it circles the heavens once in one year; its maximum distance from the sun does not exceed twenty-six degrees, so people rarely see it; in thirty-three years it completes 104 cycles, appearing seventy-four times at dawn, and twenty-six times when it should appear it does not).

5.59

Saturn (土星: the essence of earth; its colour is yellow; its nature is trust; it is the emblem of the ruler; when it follows its regular track with brightness, there is good fortune; when it moves erratically and changes colour to red or white, there is warfare throughout the realm; its movement is the slowest, completing one circuit of the heavens in twenty-nine and a half years; it disappears once every 378 days; in fifty-nine years it completes seventeen cycles and two circuits of the heavens, first appearing in the east).

5.60

Flooding and rising (泛漲: the first character is pronounced *fang* + *fan* [= *fàn*]; Jia's commentary on the *Guoyu* says *fan* means to float; the commentary to the *Mao Shi* says *fan* is the appearance of flowing; the *Shuowen jiezi* writes it with the *fan* [凡] radical as 汎; the second character is pronounced *zhang* + *liang* [= *zhàng*]; the *Kaosheng* says when waters swell greatly and sand banks collapse into the water, it is called *zhang*; it has the water radical and the phonetic *zhang* [張]; reading it in the rising tone in vulgar practice is incorrect).

5.61

Extreme yang (亢陽: the first character is pronounced *kang* + *lang* [= *kàng*]; the *Kaosheng* says it means extreme; character dictionaries say it means high; the *Qieyun* says it means drought; the *Yijing* says: "Top nine: dragon exceeding the proper limit will have cause for regret", referring to the culmination of yang).

5.62

Downpour (降澍) (the second character is zhu + shu fan [zhù]; Jixun says: "It is what timely rain irrigates and pours down, moistening and giving birth to all things." The scripture text writes 霔; this does not appear in dictionaries, but is a reckless error made by the scribes).

5.63

Box containing (㮀盛) (the first character is xia + yan fan [xián]; Kaosheng says: "A wooden casket." Sometimes written as 椷. The scripture text writes 凾, a vulgar character that was originally the name of Hangu Pass [凾谷關]. The second character is pronounced cheng [chéng]; Shuowen says: "Millet and nonglutinous grain in a vessel." Formed with the min [vessel] signific and cheng phonetic).

5.64

Registers (記籍) (the first character is ju + li fan [jì]; Shiming says: "To record (記) means to commit to memory (識)." Formed with the yan [speech] signific and ji phonetic. The second character is qin + xi fan [jí]; Qieyun: "Registers and accounts." The preface to Shangshu says: "Documents and tallies were invented to replace government by knotted ropes; from this written registers were born").

5.65

Scripture of the Great Powerful Vidyārāja Ucchuṣma, Fascicle 1

5.66

Maheśvara (摩醯首羅) (proper Sanskrit should be ma-he-shi-wa-la [maheśvara], translated here as Great Sovereign [大自在]; that is, the lord of the gods of the Form Realm, because he has sovereignty over the great thousandworld).

5.67

Winding (逶迤) (the first character is yu + wei fan [wēi]; Qieyun: "Elegant; the appearance of walking." The second character is yi + zhi fan [yí]; Qieyun: "To overflow." Hanshu says: "The meandering of water." According to this, it refers to a meandering, oblique appearance of traveling. The second is also pronounced da + luo fan [duó], with the same gloss as above).

5.68

Ucchuṣma (烏樞瑟摩) (the second character is chang + zhu fan [chū]; a Sanskrit word, also written 烏蒭沙摩. Translated here as Impurity-Traces [穢跡]; old translations as Unclean [不淨潔] are mistaken; the new translation is the Wrathful Honoured One who Cleanses Impurities [除穢忿怒尊]. According to Yoga, bodies are manifested based on two kinds of wheels to gather and transform: first, the wheel of teaching [cakarāṇi], manifesting an upright and dignified body; second, the wheel of wrathful awe, manifesting an extremely terrifying body; to tame sentient beings who are hard to tame, a frightening body is manifested).

5.69

Chalk line snapping (線絣) (the first character is si + jian fan [xiàn]; Zhouli says: "The thread-maker manages the royal palace's thread-sewing affairs." Qieyun: "Strand of thread." Also written 線, which is the same. The second character is bei + meng fan [bēng]; Qieyun: "Vibrating a cord to make it straight." Popularly written with the hand radical as 拼, meaning to direct. The scripture text writes 拼 with the wood radical, pronounced bing, which is the name of the palm tree [binglü], and not the character for chalk line snapping).

5.70

Frowning (顰蹙) (the first character is fu + zhen fan [pín]; Qieyun: "To knit the brows in a frown." Sometimes written 頻. Shuowen: "Worry." Also smiling/laughing [嚬]. The scripture text writes 頻; Qieyun: "Frequent; close." It is not used in that sense here. The second character is zi + liu fan [cù]; Yupian: "Pressed." Shuowen: "Urgent." Formed with the qi signific and zu phonetic).

5.71

Crossbar and bolt (關鍵) (the first character is gu + huan fan [guān]; Shuowen says: "Holding a door with a horizontal beam is called a crossbar (關)." Shenglei says: "A bar is that by which a door is closed." Qieyun: "A door latch." Shuowen: Formed with the men [gate] signific and luan phonetic. The scripture text writes 閞, pronounced bian; Erya says: "閞 is called 槉," not the meaning of crossbar. The second character is qi + nian fan [jiàn]; Qieyun: "The bolt and key of a lock." Character dictionaries: "The horizontal beam is called a crossbar (關); the vertical bolt is called a bolt (鍵)").

5.72

Leaves of sheep's rhododendron (躑躅葉) (the first character is cheng + ji fan [zhí], the next is zhong + lu fan [zhú]; the name of a medicinal herb. The Materia Medica [Bencao] says: "It is sheep's rhododendron [羊躑躅]. Both its leaves and flowers are highly toxic. The flowers are gathered in the third month; their colour is yellow, but there are also five-coloured ones. When sheep mistakenly eat its flowers and leaves, they stumble about [躑躅] and die, hence the name." Gujin zhengzi: "躑躅 means unable to advance in walking." Both characters are formed with the zu [foot] radical, with zheng and shu as their phonetics).

5.73

Using fine cotton (用㲲) (tu + ye fan [dié]; Qieyun: "White fine cotton (白㲲)," valued in the Western Regions. The scripture text writes it with the si [silk] radical as 紲, which is an incorrect popular usage).

5.74

Scars (瘢痕) (the first character is bu + guan fan [bān]; Qieyun: "Sore scar." The second character is hu + en fan [hén]; Qieyun: "Scars." Kaosheng: "A slight scar is called a hén").

5.75

Concealing the form (遁形) (the first character is tu + sun fan [dùn]; Qieyun: "To flee; to escape," meaning to hide away secretly. According to the method of antardhāna in the Ekākṣaroṣṇīṣacakra-sūtra, this means concealing the form. Truly, because in that country heterodoxy and orthodoxy were intermingled, and those of different paths lived among one another criticizing each other, the Buddha used his supernormal power to explain this essential practice, allowing practitioners of Yoga to be at ease as they wish and quickly attain siddhi).

5.76

Wrapping with metal plates (鍱裹) (the first character is yu + xie fan [yè]; Qieyun: "Iron plates; gold, silver, bronze, etc. plates are all the same." Formed with the jin [metal] signific and ye phonetic. The second character is gu + huo fan [guǒ]; Qieyun: "To bundle; also to bind tightly." Formed with the split yi [clothing] radical enclosing guo [fruit] inside, a phono-semantic character. The scripture text writes 裹, an improper popular form that does not make a proper character).

5.77

Caitya (制帝) (Sanskrit; also written 支提 or 制多, properly caitya. Translated as 'accumulated heap', or 'generator of pure faith', or 'sacred shrine'; all are meaning translations. It is the general name for the stupas, shrines, platforms, and pavilions established at the places of the Buddha's cremation, walking meditation, and preaching of the Dharma, where humans and devas accumulate merit and virtue).

5.78

Lac (紫𨥥) (the second character is gu + meng fan [kǒng]; the name of a medicinal substance. According to the Materia Medica: "It comes from the Western Rong, made by boiling tree bark and leaves together. It can be used as medicine." The scripture writes 鑛 or 礦, which mean unrefined ore, not the character for lac).

5.79

Parched non-glutinous rice (𰞝稻) (the first character is chu + zhao fan [chǎo]; Qieyun: "To roast." Also written 煼; Shuowen writes 𲆬. The scripture text writes 炒, a vulgar character. The second character is tu + hao fan [dào]; the Materia Medica says: "Non-glutinous rice stops agitation and diarrhea; parched rice governs warming the interior and makes one prone to heat." Shuowen: "Glutinous rice is dào." Formed with the he signific and yao phonetic).

5.80

Hemp dregs (麻[米*(虎-儿+旦)]) (the first character is mo + xia fan [má]; Qieyun: "Ramie hemp." Shuowen says: "Hemp nets; made by people inside a house, hence formed with the yan [shelter] and pai radicals." The scripture writes 麻 with lin, a popular variant. Pai is pi + mai fan. The second character is ze + jia fan [zhǎ]; Qieyun: "Hemp dregs." Also dregs and residue. Kaosheng: "Dregs." Formed with the mi [rice] signific and zha phonetic).

5.81

Black she-goat (羖羊) (the first character is gong + hu fan [gǔ]; Erya says: "A male sheep is a yu; a female sheep is a gu." Qieyun: "A black goat." Also written 𦍩, which is the same. The scripture text writes 股; Shuowen says: "股 means thigh," not the character for a black she-goat).

5.82

Biting teeth (齩牙) (the first character is wu + jiao fan [yǎo]; Shuowen: "齩 means to bite." Formed with the chi [teeth] signific and jiao phonetic. The scripture text writes 咬 with the mouth radical, pronounced jiao; jiaojiao is the chirping of birds, not the intended meaning here).

5.83

Gnashing teeth (齧齒) (the first character is wu + jie fan [niè]; Kaosheng: "齧 means to bite and chew." Character dictionaries say: "To bite shallowly." Formed with the chi [teeth] signific and abbreviated qi phonetic. The scripture text writes 嚙 with the kou [mouth] radical, which is not the original character).

5.84

Tiger-skin trousers (虎皮褌) (the last character is gu + hun fan [kūn]; Qieyun: "Trousers, drawers." Zilin writes 㡓 with the jin radical; the ancient script writes 裩; all define it as undergarments).

5.85

Wooden peg (木橛) (qi + yue fan [jué]; Qieyun: "A stake." Erya says: "A wooden stake is called an yi." Guo's commentary says: "A peg." It also says: "Those on the ground are called hui." The commentary says: "A door stop." Also written 橜. Hui is pronounced hui [huī]).

5.86

Tear and measure (坼量) (the first character is chou + ge fan [chè]; Qieyun: "To destroy." Kaosheng: "To measure objects by hand." The scripture text writes 拆, an incorrect popular variant).

5.87

Abdominal lumps (痃癖) (the first character is also written 胘, hu + jian fan [xián]; Qieyun: "Abdominal cord-like pain." The second character is fang + bi fan [pǐ]; Yupian: "An abdominal illness." The Sources of Medicinal Symptoms and Diseases says: "Indulging in eating raw, cold fish, meat, and various fruits, sleeping by day and eating at night, the stomach cools and the spleen weakens, leading to indigestion; because of this, they congeal into lumps; when it flares up, it strikes the heart and one vomits sour liquid").

5.88

Crow's wing (鵶翅) (the first character is wu + jia fan [yā]; Qieyun: "A distinct name for a crow." Guangya says: "Pure black ones that feed their parents in return are called wu; smaller ones that do not feed their parents in return are ya." Formed with the niao [bird] signific and ya phonetic. The second character is shi + zhi fan [chì]; Yupian: "Wing feathers." Also written 翄; ancient script writes 翨. Shuowen: "Wing quill." Formed with the yu [feather] signific and zhi phonetic).

5.89

Saline soil (滷土) (the first character is ji + gu fan [lǔ]; Erya says: "Lǔ means salty and bitter." Shuowen: "Sandy saline land." Formed with the shui [water] signific and lu phonetic. The scripture text writes simply 鹵; the Taichang ceremonial guard is named lubu, which is not the meaning of saline soil).

5.90

Scripture of the Great Powerful Vidyārāja Ucchuṣma, Fascicle 2

5.91

Snake slough (虵蛻) (the first character is shi + zhe fan [shé]; Qieyun: "Venomous insect." Erya says: "The python is the king of snakes." The second character is tang + wai fan [tuì], also shu + rui fan [ruì]; Shuowen: "The skin cast off by cicadas and snakes." Guangya: "The cast skin of cicadas and snakes." Fu is fu + liu fan [fú]; yu is yu + liu fan [yù], referring to a cicada that has not yet shed its skin).

5.92

Śvete (溼吠帝) (the first character is shi + ru fan [shī]; the second borrows the pronunciation wei + yi fan [fèi]; a Sanskrit word. In scriptures some write nie, which is an error).

5.93

Hūṃ hūṃ (𤙖𤙖) (hu + gan fan; drawing the voice from the sea of qi at the navel cakra, closing the mouth and chanting in succession).

5.94

Somva (馺嚩) (the first is su + he fan; the second is wu + ke fan; a Sanskrit word, whose character meaning is not sought).

5.95

Sṣkā (瑟鹻) (the second character originally sounds gu + zhan fan [jiǎn], meaning salty soil; to match the Sanskrit sound, the sound zhu + gan fan is borrowed).

5.96

Bhagavat (薄誐鑁) (the first character sounds bang + ge fan [bó]; the second is wang + fan fan [fàn]; a Sanskrit word. Formerly called bogafan [薄伽梵] or baojiapan [婆加伴], translated in ancient times as the World-Honoured One. Now it is said that because it possesses six meanings, it is comprehensively called bhagavat, referring to the six: sovereign, flourishing, dignified, famed, auspicious, and venerable).

5.97

Rice chaff (稻穀𥢶) (the last character is ku + hui fan [kuì]; Cangjie pian says: "Coarse bran").

5.98

Twisting that (撚彼) (the first character is nu + dian fan [niǎn]; Qieyun: "To twist an object tightly with the fingers." Formed with the shou [hand] signific and ran phonetic).

5.99

Vajraśekhara True Great Teaching King Scripture, Fascicle 1

5.100

Silk pennant (繒幡) (the first character is ji + ling fan [zēng]; Shuowen: "Silk fabrics." Also coloured silks. The second character is fu + yuan fan [fān]; Shuowen: "Pennants and flags." Shiming says: "Fān means fluttering (fān), fluttering and flying like that").

5.101

Haṃ (㟏) (borrowing the sound hu + gan fan; a Sanskrit sound, not seeking the meaning of the character).

5.102

Udāna (嗢陀南) (the first character is wen + gu fan [wà]; the next is tu + he fan [tuó]; also written 嗢柁南, with 柁 pronounced tang + he fan. Formerly translated as verse [gāthā]. Master Lin cites the Great Yoga Treatise translating it as 'footprint', and also says it translates the meaning of gathering and unifying what is dispersed).

5.103

Vajra (跋折羅) (the first character is pan + mo fan [bá]; the next is zhi + lie fan [zhé]; Sanskrit. Formerly written fajieluo [伐闍羅], which are all corruptions. Correctly it is wa [嚩] (wu + man fan) -jira [日羅], translated here as vajra / diamond [金剛]).

5.104

Rāja (邏惹) (the first character is lu + ge fan [luó]; the next is zi + luo fan [rě]; Sanskrit, translated here as king. The scripture text writes the character yun [運], which was mistakenly written by someone who did not understand Sanskrit sounds).

5.105

Just manifest (纔𤼵) (the first character is zuo + zai fan [cái]; Shuowen: "Temporarily." Qieyun: "Scarcely." The second character 𤼵 in Shuowen is formed with gong [bow], shu [weapon], and bo [footsteps]. Bo is formed with zhi [foot] doubled as 𣥠, pronounced bo; clerical script changed 𣥠 to 癶. Shu is pronounced shu; 𱤻 is pronounced ta; bo is pronounced bo).

5.106

Vajraśekhara True Great Teaching King Scripture, Fascicle 2

5.107

Snapping chalk lines (應拼) (the second character is bai + meng fan [pēng]; Shuowen: "拼 means to strike/snap a cord." Formed with the hand radical and ping phonetic. Also written 抨; ancient script writes 𰭙 and 䍬. Dan is dan + dan fan).

5.108

Inlaid ornaments (鈿飾) (the first character is tang + lian fan [diàn]; character dictionaries say: "To inlay vessels with precious inlays." Formed with the jin [metal] signific and tian phonetic. Also pronounced tián, meaning floral hairpins).

5.109

Aḥ (噁) (wu + ge fan; a borrowed pronunciation; the seed-syllable of wisdom in mantra).

5.110

Vajraśekhara True Great Teaching King Scripture, Fascicle 3

5.111

Maṇḍala (曼茶羅) (the first character is mo + pan fan; Sanskrit; also written 曼吒羅 or 曼拏羅. Translated according to meaning as 'the gathering place of the multitude of holy beings', which is the modern altar platform).

5.112

Chest (心臆) (the second character is ying + li fan [yì]; Shuowen: "臆 also means chest (胷), and also breast (膺)." Formed with the rou [flesh] signific and abbreviated yi phonetic).

5.113

Śiñca maṃ (詵遮𤚥) (the first is suo + zhen fan; the last is mou + han; Sanskrit, not seeking the meaning of the characters).

5.114

Destruction (沮壞) (the first character is ci + yu fan [jǔ]; the Mao commentary on the Shijing says: "Jǔ means to ruin." Guangya says: "Damp." Shuowen: Formed with the shui [water] signific and qie phonetic; qie is zi + yu fan. The second character is huai + xie fan [huài]; Kaosheng says: "To crumble and collapse." Shuowen: "Ruined." Formed with the tu [earth] signific and huai phonetic. Xie is wu + guai fan; ancient script writes 𡎯).

5.115

Brandishing and casting (搊擲) (the first character is [簉-告+舌] + zou fan [chōu]; Kaosheng says: "To hook with fingers." The scripture writes non-standard characters. The second character is zhi + zhi fan [zhì]; Qieyun: "To shake; to cast." Ancient script writes 擿. According to this, brandishing and casting refers to twirling the vajra pestle with the right hand).

5.116

Banners and pennants (幖幟) (the first character is bu + yao fan [biāo]; Shuowen says: "A banner worn on the head." Formed with the jin [cloth] signific and piao phonetic. The scripture writes 摽 with the hand radical, meaning to signal or the tip of a tree. The second character is chi + zhi fan [zhì]; Qieyun: "Pennant." Character dictionaries: "Flag/marker." Boya writes [巾*(土/心)], which is the same. The scripture text writes 𢡠 with the xin [heart] radical, which is a slight error).

5.117

Jaḥ hūṃ vaṃ hoḥ (弱吽鑁斛) (the first borrows the sound ci + luo fan [jaḥ]; hūṃ is hu + gan fan; vaṃ is wang + fan fan; the last is hu + gu fan [hoḥ]; all take the Sanskrit sounds, being the seed-syllables of the four gathering means: the vajra hook, cord, lock, and bell).

5.118

Duḥkha (耨佉) (the first borrows the sound nu + wu fan; the second is qiu + jia fan; Sanskrit, not seeking the meaning of the characters).

5.119

Cchinna (掣那) (the first character is chang + zhi fan, falling tone).

5.120

Method of Cultivating the Vairocana Samādhi of the Vajraśekhara, in One Fascicle

5.121

Argha (閼伽) (the first character is an + ge fan [è]; also written with 遏; Sanskrit, which is the general name for vessels that hold fragrant water).

5.122

Mṛta [靺㗚多] (The first character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 望 + 𤼵; the second is pronounced 栗. This is Sanskrit; no semantic meaning of the Chinese characters should be sought).

5.123

Palate [上𦠍] (Pronounced 我 + 各. The character dictionary says: "The upper part of the throat." The Shuowen says: "The gums." It is also written as 腭 or 齶).

5.124

Gauze [紗縠] (The first character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 所 + 加; the Qieyun says it belongs to the category of silk fabrics; the Kaosheng says it is similar to fine silk but lighter. The second character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 胡 + 谷; the Yupian says it is openwork gauze and fine crepe, similar to openwork silk but lighter).

5.125

Saoxi [燥溪] (The first character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 蘇 + 到; the second has the fanqie phonetic spelling 苦 + 鷄. These are characters used in a mantra; no gloss or exegesis is sought).

5.126

Gandha [巘盪] (The first character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 魚 + 蹇; the second has the fanqie phonetic spelling 徒 + 朗. This is Sanskrit; here it means anointing perfume).

5.127

The Vajrabhairava Supreme Mind Vidyārāja Sūtra, in one fascicle.

5.128

Hexes and toxins [蠱𡹆] (The first character is pronounced 古. Zheng's commentary on the Rites of Zhou says: "Gu refers to causing harm and pestilence to people through noxious creatures." The character dictionary says: "Worms inside the belly." The Erya says: "Gu also means 𡹆." The Kaosheng says: "Gu enchantment." The Wenzidian Shuo says: "It is composed of insects [虫] in a vessel [皿]").

5.129

Washing flagon [澡罐] (The first character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 子 + 老; the second has the fanqie phonetic spelling 官 + 喚. According to traditional reference, a washing flagon is a bronze water-vase).

5.130

Waist cord [𦝫絛] (The second character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 吐 + 刀; the Qieyun says it is a cord for boots; the character dictionary says a tao is also a cord; the Zilin writes it as 縚).

5.131

Dipping flowers [花搵] (The second character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 溫 + 困; the Yunquan says it means placing something into water; the Kaosheng says it means to prop or plunge; it is composed of the hand classifier [手] with 昷 as the phonetic).

5.132

Ploughshares and battle-axes [鑱鉞] (The first character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 士 + 銜; the Qieyun says it means sharp; the Fangyan says people of Wu call the ploughshare iron chan. The second character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 員 + 厥; the Qieyun says an axe or battle-axe; the Classic of Documents says: "The king held a yellow battle-axe in his left hand"; the Zilin says a yue is a jade battle-axe; the Shuowen says it is composed of metal [金] with 戉 as the phonetic; 戉 is pronounced the same as above, and the character 戉 is composed of [戉-戈] and 戈, where [戉-戈] is pronounced 厥 and 戈 is pronounced 過).

5.133

Axes and lances [斧槊] (The first character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 方 + 矩; the Qieyun says an axe or halberd; the Book of Zhou states: "Shennong crafted hatchets and axes." The second is properly written as 矟, pronounced 雙 + 角; the Qieyun says knives and long lances; the Tongsuwen says: "A spear eighteen feet long is called a shuo").

5.134

Three sweets [三甜] (The first character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 牒 + 兼; the Qieyun says delicious, sweet. The Ekākṣaroṣṇīṣacakra-sūtra says that the three sweets refer to clarified butter, milk, and curd; these are precisely what is esteemed in the Western Regions).

5.135

Loom and shuttle [機杼] (The first character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 居 + 衣; the second has the fanqie phonetic spelling 除 + 旅; the Fangyan says that shuttles and beams are weaving implements; the Shuowen says a shuttle holds the weft; both characters are composed of wood [木] with 幾 and 予 as phonetics).

5.136

Secret Ritual of the Messenger Acala's Dhāraṇī, in one fascicle.

5.137

Vicious beasts [惡獸] (The second character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 舒 + 救; the Qieyun says to guard; the Discourses of the States states: "Three beasts make a herd"; the Zilin says: "Two-legged ones are called birds; four-legged ones are called beasts"; the Shuowen says it is composed of dog [犬] with 嘼 as the phonetic; 嘼 has the fanqie phonetic spelling 丑 + 救; the sūtra text writes 狩, which is winter hunting, not what is used here).

5.138

Dragon pool [龍湫] (The first character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 力 + 鍾; the Qieyun says ruler; the Record of Rites states: "The tortoise, dragon, qilin, and phoenix are the four auspicious portents"; the Book of Changes states: "Clouds follow the dragon"; the Lunheng states: "The dragon is also a domestic animal; in antiquity there was the Dragon-rearing Clan; if it were not a domestic animal, how could it be reared?" The second character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 即 + 由; the Qieyun says the name of a water deity; the Kaosheng says a qiu is a pooling, meaning non-flowing water).

5.139

Calves and cows [犢牸] (The first character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 徒 + 木; the Erya states: "Its young is a calf"; Guo Pu's commentary says: "People of Qingzhou nowadays call a calf 𤘽, pronounced 火 + 口"; the second has the fanqie phonetic spelling 疾 + 吏; the Qieyun says a female bovine is called a zi; it is composed of bovine [牛] with 字 as phonetic; zi also means to love and to nurture).

5.140

Stirring with a bamboo whisk [篦攪] (The first character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 邊 + 兮; the Kaosheng says a bamboo whisk; the second has the fanqie phonetic spelling 古 + 巧; the Qieyun says to move with the hand; it is composed of the hand classifier [手] with 覺 as the phonetic).

5.141

Thumb [指擘] (The second character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 補 + 革; the Sancang says that bo is the big thumb; Lu Deming's Jingdian Shiwen says: "The big digits of both the hands and feet are named bo"; now the sūtra says "as large as a thumb", meaning of the size and dimension of a big thumb).

5.142

Sword hilt [劒把] (The first character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 居 + 欠; the Shiming says: "A sword (jian) is examination (jian); it is that by which abnormal events are checked and guarded against"; the Guangya says: "Longquan, Tai'e, Ganjian, Moye, Duanshe, Yuchang, and more than ten other names are all variant names for swords." The second character has the fanqie phonetic spelling 必 + 駕; the Qieyun says the handle of a knife or sword; the sūtra text writes 靶, which the Shuowen identifies as bridle ornamentation, not what is intended here; some texts write 釰 with the metal classifier, which is completely mistaken).

First 142 of 277 passages. Read on

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續一切經音義 — Classical Chinese