Atharvaveda 5.17
Atharvavedasaṃhitā 5.17
- Language
- Sanskrit
5.17.1
té 'vadán prathamā́ brahmakilbiṣé 'kūpāraḥ saliló mātaríśvā |
vīḍúharās tápa ugráṃ mayobhū́r ā́po devī́ḥ prathamajā́ r̥tásya ||1||
These spoke first at the offense against the Brahman (bráhman-): the boundless sea, Mātariçvan, he of stout rage (-háras), formidable fervor, the kindly one, the heavenly waters, first-born of right (ṛtá).
5.17.2
sómo rā́jā prathamó brahmajāyā́ṃ púnaḥ prā́yachad áhr̥ṇīyamānaḥ |
anvartitā́ váruṇo mitrá āsīd agnír hótā hastagŕ̥hyā́ nināya ||2||
King Soma first gave (pra-yam) back the Brahman's wife, not bearing enmity; he who went after [her] was Varuṇa, Mitra; Agni, invoker, conducted [her] hither, seizing her hand.
5.17.3
hástenaivá grāhyà ādhír asyā brahmajāyéti céd ávocat |
ná dūtā́ya prahéyā tastha eṣā́ táthā rāṣṭráṃ gupitáṃ kṣatríyasya ||3||
To be seized by the hand indeed is the pledge (? ādhí) of her, if one has said "[she is] the Brahman's wife"; she stood not to be sent forth for a messenger: so is made safe (gupitá) the kingdom of the Kshatriya.
5.17.4
yā́m āhús tā́rakaiṣā́ vikeśī́ti duchúnāṃ grā́mam avapádyamānām |
sā́ brahmajāyā́ ví dunoti rāṣṭráṃ yátra prā́pādi śaśá ulkuṣī́mān ||4||
The misfortune, descending (ava-pad) upon the village, of which they say "this is a star with disheveled hair"—as such, the Brahman's wife burns up the kingdom, where hath gone forth a hare (? çaçá) accompanied with meteors (ulkuṣī́-).
5.17.5
brahmacārī́ carati véviṣad víṣaḥ sá devā́nāṃ bhavaty ékam áṅgam |
téna jāyā́m ánv avindad bŕ̥haspátiḥ sómena nītā́ṃ juhvàṃ ná devāḥ ||5||
The Vedic student (brahmacārin) goes about serving (viṣ) much service; he becomes one limb of the gods; by him Brihaspati discovered the wife, conducted by Soma, like the sacrificial spoon, O gods.
5.17.6
devā́ vā́ etásyām avadanta pū́rve saptar̥ṣáyas tápasā yé niṣedúḥ |
bhīmā́ jāyā́ brāhmaṇásyā́panītā durdhā́ṃ dadhāti paramé vyòman ||6||
The gods of old verily spoke about her, the seven seers who sat down with penance (tápas); fearful [is] the wife of the Brahman when led away; she makes (dhā) discomfort (durdhā́) in the highest firmament (vyòman).
5.17.7
yé gárbhā avapádyante jágad yác cāpalupyáte |
vīrā́ yé tr̥hyánte mithó brahmajāyā́ hinasti tā́n ||7||
What embryos are aborted (ava-pad), what living creatures (jágat) are torn away (apa-lup), what heroes are mutually shattered—them the Brahman's wife injures.
5.17.8
utá yát pátayo dáśa striyā́ḥ pū́rve ábrāhmaṇāḥ |
brahmā́ ced dhástam ágrahīt sá evá pátir ekadhā́ ||8||
And if [there were] ten former husbands of a woman, not Brahmans—provided a Brahman has seized her hand, he is alone her husband.
5.17.9
brāhmaṇá evá pátir ná rājanyò ná váiśyaḥ |
tát sū́ryaḥ prabruvánn eti pañcábhyo mānavébhyaḥ ||9||
A Brahman [is] indeed her husband, not a noble (rājanyà), not a Vāiçya: this the sun goes proclaiming to the five races of men (mānavá).
5.17.10
púnar vái devā́ adaduḥ púnar manuṣyā̀ adaduḥ |
rā́jānaḥ satyáṃ gr̥hṇānā́ brahmajāyā́ṃ púnar daduḥ ||10||
The gods verily gave back; men (manuṣyà) gave back; kings, apprehending (grah) truth, gave back the Brahman's wife.
5.17.11
punardā́ya brahmajāyā́ṃ kr̥tvā́ deváir nikilbiṣám |
ū́rjaṃ pr̥thivyā́ bhaktvórugāyám úpāsate ||11||
Having given back the Brahman's wife, having brought about (kṛ) freedom of offense with the gods, sharing (bhaj) the refreshment (ū́rj) of the earth, they occupy (upa-ās) broad space (urugyá).
5.17.12
nā́sya jāyā́ śatavāhī́ kalyāṇī́ tálpam ā́ śaye |
yásmin rāṣṭré nirudhyáte brahmajāyā́cittyā ||12||
Not on his couch lies a beautiful hundred-bringing (-vāhī́) wife, in whose kingdom the Brahman's wife is obstructed through ignorance.
5.17.13
ná vikarṇáḥ pr̥thúśirās tásmin véśmani jāyate |
yásmin rāṣṭré nirudhyáte brahmajāyā́cittyā ||13||
A wide-eared, broad-headed [ox?] is not born in that dwelling, in whose etc. etc.
5.17.14
nā́sya kṣattā́ niṣkágrīvaḥ sūnā́nām ety agratáḥ |
yásmin rāṣṭré nirudhyáte brahmajāyā́cittyā ||14||
A distributer (kṣattár) with necklaced neck goes not at the head of his crates (? sūnā́) [of food], in whose etc. etc.
5.17.15
nā́sya śvetáḥ kr̥ṣṇakárṇo dhurí yuktó mahīyate |
yásmin rāṣṭré nirudhyáte brahmajāyā́cittyā ||15||
A white, black-eared [horse] does not make a show (mahīy), harnessed to his [chariot-] pole, in whose etc. etc.
5.17.16
nā́sya kṣétre puṣkaríṇī nāṇḍī́kaṃ jāyate bísam |
yásmin rāṣṭré nirudhyáte brahmajāyā́cittyā ||16||
Not in his field [is] a lotus-pond, the bulb (? bísa) of the bulb-bearing lotus is not produced (jan), in whose etc. etc.
5.17.17
nā́smai pŕ̥śniṃ ví duhanti yé 'syā dóham upā́sate |
yásmin rāṣṭré nirudhyáte brahmajāyā́cittyā ||17||
Not for him do they who attend to (upa-ās) her milking milk out the spotted [cow], in whose etc. etc.
5.17.18
nā́sya dhenúḥ kalyāṇī́ nā́naḍvā́nt sahate dhúram |
víjānir yátra brahmaṇó rā́triṃ vásati pāpáyā ||18||
Not his [is] a beautiful milch-cow, [his] draft-ox endures not the pole, where a Brahman stays a night miserably (pāpáyā) without a wife (-jāni).
Translations (2)
- Atharva-Veda Saṃhitā (HOS 7–8) — William Dwight Whitney 1905, English
- The Hymns of the Atharvaveda — Ralph T. H. Griffith 1895, English
Commentaries (2)
- Atharvavedabhāṣya (Sāyaṇa) — Sāyaṇa, Sanskrit
- Atharvavedasaṃhitābhāṣya — Mādhavācārya, Sanskrit
Linked texts (16)
- Atharvaveda — Sanskrit
- A Vedic Concordance — Maurice Bloomfield, English
- Aṅgirasī — Sanskrit
- Vedic Index of Names and Subjects — Arthur A. Macdonell & A. Berriedale Keith, English
- Vedāmṛta — Śrīpāda Dāmodara Sātavalekara, Sanskrit
- History of Dharmaśāstra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) — P. V. Kane, English
- The History and Culture of the Indian People — R. C. Majumdar & A. D. Pusalker, English
- Mānasāra Series (I. A Dictionary of Hindu Architecture; II. Indian Architecture according to Mānasāra-Śilpaśāstra; III. Mānasāra on Architecture and Sculpture: Sanskrit Text; IV. Architecture of Mānasāra: Translation; V. Architecture of Mānasāra: Illustrations; VI. Hindu Architecture in India and Abroad; VII. An Encyclopaedia of Hindu Architecture) — Prasanna Kumar Acharya, English
- Original Sanskrit Texts on the Origin and History of the People of India, their Religion and Institutions — John Muir, English
- Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order down to circa A.D. 600 — R. S. Sharma, English
- Altindische Grammatik — Jacob Wackernagel & Albert Debrunner, German
- Indian Philosophy — S. Radhakrishnan, English
- The Religion and Philosophy of the Veda and Upanishads — Arthur Berriedale Keith, English
- History of Technology in India, Vol. I: From Antiquity to c. 1200 A.D. — A. K. Bag, English
- Die Kosmographie der Inder nach den Quellen dargestellt — Willibald Kirfel, German
- The Position of Women in Hindu Civilisation, from Prehistoric Times to the Present Day — A. S. Altekar, English