Commentary of Śaṅkarācārya of Śaṅkarācārya

Commentary on Isha Upanishad (Īśopaniṣad)

Language: Sanskrit
Author: Śaṅkarācārya
Extent: 17 passages, 2,053 words
Text: partly digitised
Source: archiveorg · Isopanisad. Shyam Lal; Aghoranatha Datta · Scan of a printed edition hosted by the Internet Archive (archive.org); the ancient text is in the public…

Text

īśā vāsyamityādayo mantrāḥ karmmasvaviniyuktāsteṣāmakarmmaśeṣasyātmano yāthātmyaprakāśakatvāt| yāthātmyaṃ cātmanaḥ śuddhatvāpāpaviddhatvaikatvanityatvāśarīratvasarvvagatatvādi vakṣyamāṇam| tacca karmmaṇā virudhyata iti yukta evaiṣāṃ karmmasvaviniyogaḥ| na caivaṃlakṣaṇamātmano yāthātmyamutpādyaṃ vikāryyamāpyaṃ saṃskāryyaṃ vā kartṛ bhoktṛ vā yena karmmaśeṣatā syāt| sarvvāsāmupaniṣadāmātmayāthātmyanirūpaṇenaivopakṣayāt| gītānāṃ mokṣadharmmāṇāṃ caivaṃparatvāt| tasmādātmano'nekatvakartṛtvabhoktṛtvādi cāśuddhatvapāpaviddhatvādi copādāya lokabuddhisiddhakarmmāṇi vihitāni| yo hi karmmaphalenāthī dṛṣṭena brahmavarcasādinādṛṣṭena svargādinā ca dvijātirahama na kāṇakuṇṭhatvāya nadhikāradharmmavānityātmānaṃ manyate so'dhikriyate karmmasviti hi adhikāravido vadanti| tasmādete mantrā ātmano yāthātmyaprakāśanenātmaviṣayaṃ svābhāvikakarmmavijñānaṃ nivarttayantaḥ śokamohādisaṃsāradharmmavicchittisādhanamātmaikatvādivijñānamutpādayantīti| evamuktābhidheyasambandhaprayojanānmantrān saṅkṣepato vyākhyāsyāmaḥ| īśā| īṣṭe itīṭ teneśā| īśitā parameśvaraḥ paramātmā sarvvasya| sa hi sarvvamīṣṭe sarvvajantūnāmātmā san| tena svenātmaneśā vāsyamācchādanīyam| kim| idaṃ sarvvaṃ yat kiñca yat kiñcijjagatyāṃ pṛthivyāṃ jagat| sarvvaṃ svenātmanāhamevedaṃ sarvvamiti paramārthasatyarūpeṇānṛtamidaṃ sarvvañcarācaramācchādanīyaṃ paramātmanā| yathā candanāgurvvādiṃrudakādisambandhajakledādijaṃ daurgandhyaṃ tatsvarūpanigharṣaṇenācchādyate svena pāramārthikena gandhena tadvadeva hi svātmanyadhyastaṃ svābhāvikaṃ kartṛtvabhoktṛtvādilakṣaṇaṃ jagadvaitarūpaṃ pṛthivyāṃ jagatyāmityupalakṣaṇārthatvāt sarvvameva nāmarūpakarmmākhyaṃ vikārajātaṃ paramārthasatyātmabhāvanayā tyaktaṃ syāt| evamīśvarātmabhāvanayā yuktasya puttrādyeṣaṇātrayasannyāsa evādhikāro na karmmasu tena tyaktena tyāgenetyarthaḥ| na hi tyakto mṛtaḥ putro bhṛtyo vā ātmasambandhitayābhāvādātmānaṃ pālayatyatastyāgenetyayamevārthaḥ| bhuñjīthāḥ pālayethāḥ| evaṃ tyaktaiṣaṇastvaṃ mā gṛdhaḥ gṛdhimākāṅkṣāṃ mākārṣīrdhanaviṣayām| kasya svit kasyacit parasvaṃ dhanaṃ svasya vā dhanaṃ mākāṅkṣīrityarthaḥ| sviditthanarthako nipātaḥ| athavā māgṛdhaḥ kasmāt| kasya sviddhanamilākṣepārtho na kasyaciddhanamasti yadgṛhyeta| ātmaiva sarvvamitīśvarabhāvanayā sarvvaṃ tyaktamata ātmana evedaṃ sarvvamātmaiva ca sarvvamato mithyāviṣayāṃ gṛdhiṃ mākārṣīrityarthaḥ |

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vivṛtiḥ |—idānīmiti | jijīviṣediti | bhavāniti śeṣaḥ | puruṣavyatyayaḥ prakaraṇāt | puruṣāyuṣasya śatavarṣaparimitatvāt śatagrahaṇam | kālādhvanoratyantasaṃyoga iti dvitīyā | yāvacchakti karttavyaṃ na kadāpi tyājyamiti | karmmaṇyevādhikāraste mā phaleṣu kadācana | mā karmmaphalaheturbhūmā te saṅgo'stvakarmmaṇīti | brahmaṇyādhāya karmmāṇi saṅgaṃ śaṅkaraḥ |—evamātmavidaḥ putrāyeṣaṇāvayasannāsinātmajñānaniṣṭhatayātmā rakṣitavya ityeṣa vedārthaḥ | athetarasyānātmajñatayātmagrahaṇāyuktasyedamupadiśati mantraḥ | kurvvanneva iha nirvvarttayanneva karmāāṇyagnihotrādīni jijīviṣejjīvitumicchecchataṃ śatasaṅkhyākāḥ samāḥ saṃvatsarān | tāvaddhi puruṣasya paramāyuruṣitam | yathā prāptamanuvādena yajjijīviṣecchataṃ varṣāṇi tat kurvvanneva karmāāṇītyetadvidhīyate | evamevamprakāre tvayi jijīviṣati nare naramātrābhimānini ita etasmādagnihotrādīni karmāṇi kurvvato vattamānāt prakārādanyathā prakārāntaraṃ nāsti yena prakāreṇāśubhaṃ karma na lipyate karmaṇā na lipyasa ityarthaḥ | ataḥ śāstravihitāni karmāāṇyagnihotrādīni kurvvanneva jijīviṣet | kathaṃ punaridamavagamyate | pūrvveṇa mantreṇa sannyāsajñānāniṣṭhatoktā dvitīyena tadaśaktasya karmmaniṣṭhetyucyate | jñānakarmmaṇorvvirodhaṃ parvvatavadakampyaṃ yathoktaṃ na smarasi kim | ihāpyuktaṃ yo hi jijīviṣet sa karmma kurvvan | īśā vāsyamidaṃ sarvvaṃ tena tyaktena bhuñjīthā māgṛdhaḥ kasya sviddhanamiti | na jīvite maraṇe vā gṛdhiṃ kurvītāraṇyamiyāditi ca | tato na punareyāditi sannyāsaśāsanāt | ubhayoḥ phalabhedañca vakṣyati | imau dvāveva panthānāvapuniṣkrāntatarau bhavataḥ kriyāpathaścaivaṃ purastāt sannyāsaśca | tayoḥ sannyāsa evātirecayati | nyāsa evātyarecayaditi taittirīyake | dvāvimāvatha panthānau yatra vedāḥ pratiṣṭhitāḥ | pravṛttilakṣaṇo dharmmo nivṛttau ca vibhāvita ityādi putrāya vicāthrya niścitamuktaṃ vyāsena vedācāryyeṇa bhagavatā | vibhāgañcānayordarśayiṣyāmaḥ |
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śaṅkaraḥ|—athedānīmavidvannindārtho'yaṃ mantra ārabhyate| asuryyāḥ paramātmabhāvamadvayamapekṣya devādyo'pyasurāsteṣāṃ ca svabhūtā asuryyāḥ| nāmaśabdo'narthako nipātaḥ| te lokāḥ karmmaphalāni lokyante dṛśyante bhujyanta iti janmāni| andhenādarśanātmakenājñānena tamasāvṛtā ācchāditāstān sthāvarāntān pretya tyaktvemaṃ dehmabhigacchanti yathā karmma yathā śrutam| ye ke cātmahanaḥ| ātmānaṃ ghnantīti ātmahanaḥ| ke te| ye'vidvāṃsaḥ| kathaṃ te ātmānaṃ nityaṃ hiṃsanti| avidyādoṣeṇa vidyamānasyātmanastiraskaraṇāt| vidyamānasyātmano yat kāryyaṃ phalamajarāmaratvādisaṃvedanādilakṣaṇaṃ taddhatasyaiva tirobhūtaṃ bhavatīti prākṛtā avidvāṃso janā ātmahana ucyante| tena hyātmahananadoṣeṇa saṃsaranti te |

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vivṛtiḥ |—brahmavijñānameveti | anejaditi | ej kampane | na ejatītyanejat ajaro'mṛto'bhayo brahmeti śruterabhayamiti | samādhikarahitamiti | na tatsamaścābhyadhikaśca dṛśyate iti śvetāśvatarokteḥ | eko devaḥ sarvvabhūteṣu gūḍha ityādiśrutibalādāha yadveti | manasa iti | manaso javīyaḥ mano hi vegavat prasiddhaṃ tato'pi javīyaḥ vegavattaraṃ javo'syāstīti javavattadatyantaṃ javavaditi javīyaḥ īyasuni kṛte vinmatorlugiti matupo luk | dehasthasyāpi manaso'tidūrasthabrahmalokādisaṅkalpanaṃ kṣaṇamātrādbhavatīti manaso vegavattaratvaṃ tasyāpyagamyatvāt brahma manaso'pi javīya ityupapadyate | devā iti | devā dyotamānāścakṣurādayo'pyenanna āpnuvan prāptavantaḥ manaso'gamyatvāt | kiñca brahmādyā devā api enat brahma nāpnuvan kātsrnena na jānantītibhāvaḥ | pūrvvamiti | sarvvajagatkāraṇaṃ yato vā imānītyādiśruteḥ | arṣaditi | ṛṣa gatau | arṣatītyarṣat jñānasvarūpaṃ satyaṃ jñānamanantamitiśruteḥ | sarvvajagatkāraṇatvāt jñānasvarūpatvācca manaso'pi javanamatītya vartata iti śeṣaḥ | mātariśveti | mātari antarikṣe śvayati barddhata iti mātariśvā vāyuḥ ṭu o śvi ir gativṛddhyoriti dhātoḥ | apa iti karmmanāma | kāryakāraṇajātāni yasminnotāni protāni ca yaśca sūtrasaṃjñaḥ sarvvasya jagato vidhārayitā sarvvaprāṇabhṛccaikaḥ so'pi vāyuḥ prāṇināṃ ceṣṭālakṣaṇāni karmmāṇi tasmin brahmaṇi svādhiṣṭhāne sati dadhāti sarvvaceṣṭako vāyustasyāpi cetayitṛ brahmetyarthaḥ | śaṅkaraḥ |—yasyātmano hananādavidvāṃsaḥ saṃsaranti yadiparyyayeṇa vidvāṃso mucyanta tat kīdṛśamātmatattvamityucyate | anejat na ejat | ej kampane | kampanaṃ calanaṃ sthiravapracyutistadvarjitaṃ sarvvadā ekarūpamityarthaḥ | taccai kaṃ sarvvabhūteṣu manasaḥ saṅkalpādilakṣaṇāt javīyo javavattaram | kathaṃ viruddhamucyate | dhruvaṃ niścalamidaṃ manaso javīya iti ca | naiṣa doṣaḥ | nirupādhyupādhimattvopapatteḥ | tatra nirupādhikena rūpeṇocyate anejadekamiti | manaso'ntaḥkaraṇasya saṅkalpavikalpalakṣaṇasyopādheranuvarttanādiha dehasthasya manaso brahmalokādidūrasthasaṅkalpanaṃ kṣaṇamātrānbhavatautyato mano javiṣṭhaṃ loke prasiddham | tasmin manasi brahmalokādīn drutaṃ gacchati sati prathamaṃ prāpta ivātmacaitanyābhāso gṛhyate'to manaso javīya ityāha | nainaddevā dyotanāddevāścakṣurādīnīndriyāṇi etat prakṛtamātmatattvaṃ nāpnuvan na prāptavantaḥ | tebhyo mano javīyo manovyāpāravyavahitatvāt | ābhāsamātramapyātmano naiva devānāṃ viṣayībhavati | yasmājjavanānmanaso'pi pūrvvamarṣat pūrvvameva gatam | vyomavadyāpitvāt | sarvvavyāpi tadātmatattvaṃ sarvvasaṃsāradharmmavarjitaṃ svena nirupādhikena svarūpeṇāvikriyameva sadyupādhikṛtāḥ sarvvāḥ saṃsāravikriyā anubhavativāvivekināṃ mūḍhānāmanekamiva ca prati dehaṃ pratyavabhāsata ityetadāha | taddhāvato drutaṃ gacchato'nyānmanovāgindriyaprabhṛtīnātmavilakṣaṇān anyeti atītya gacchatīva | ivārthaṃ svayameva darśayati | tiṣṭhaditi | svayamavikriyameva sadityarthaḥ | tasminnātmatattve sati nityacaitanyasvabhāve mātariśvā mātari antarikṣe śvayati gacchatīti vāyuḥ sarvvaprāṇabhṛt kriyātmako yadāśrayāṇi kāryyakāraṇajātāni yasminnotāni protāni ca yat sūtrasaṃjñakaṃ sarvvasya jagato vidhārayitṛ sa mātariśvā | apaḥ karmāṇi prāṇināṃ ceṣṭālakṣaṇāni | agnyādityādīnāṃ jvalanadahanaprakāśāmivarṣaṇādilakṣaṇāni dadhāti vibhajatītyarthaḥ | dhārayatīti vā | bhīṣāsmādvātaḥ pavate ityādiśrutibhyaḥ | sarvvā hi kāryyakaraṇādivikriyā nityacaitanyātmasvarūpe sarvvāspadabhūte satyeva bhavantītyarthaḥ |

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vivṛtiḥ|—rahasyamiti| mandasyāsyārthāntaramapyasti| tadyathā| pūrvvaṃ kāraṇarūpamuktamidānīṃ kāryyarūpamuddiśati taditi| tadātmatattvamejati sarvvajanturūpeṇa sthitaṃ sañcalati tadeva naijati sthāvararūpapāvasthaṃ na calati| taddūre āditnanakṣatrarūpeṇa sthitvāt| tadu antike dharādirūpeṇa sthitvāt| asya sarvvasya prāṇijātasya antarmadhye antaryāmirūpeṇa sthitaṃ tadeva yo vijñāne tiṣṭhan vijñānādantaro yaṃ vijñānaṃ na veda yasya vijñānaṃ śarīraṃ yo vijñānamantaro yamayatīti śruteḥ| asya sarvvasya jagato vāhyataḥ tadu tadeva kālarūpeṇa vidyamānatvāt| antarvvahiḥ pūruṣakālarūpairiti sātvata śruteḥ |
śaṅkaraḥ|—na mantrāṇāṃ jāmitāstīti pūrvvamantroktamapi arthaṃ punarāha| tadātmatattvaṃ yat prakṛtamejati calati tadeva ca naijati svato naiva calati acakrameva sañcalatīvityarthaḥ| kiñca taddūre varṣakoṭiśatairapyaviduṣāmaprāpyatvāddūra iva| tadvantike samīpe'tyantameva viduṣāmātmatvānna kevalaṃ dūre'ntike ca| tadantarabhyantare sarvvasya| ātmā sarvvāntara iti śruteḥ| asya sarvvasya jagato nāmarūpakriyātmakasya tadu sarvvasyāsya bāhyato vyāpitvādākāśavanniratiśayasūkṣmatvādataḥ prajñānaghana eveti śāsanānnirantaram|

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śaṅkaraḥ |—yastu parivrāḍmumukṣuḥ sarvvāṇi bhūtāni avyaktādīni sthāvarāntānyātmanyevānupaśyati ātmavyatiriktāni na paśyatītyarthaḥ | sarvvabhūteṣu ca teṣveva cātmānaṃ teṣāmapi bhūtānāṃ svamātmānamātmatvena yathāsya kāryakāraṇasaṅghātasyātmā'haṃ sarvvapratyayasākṣibhūtaścetāḥ kevalo nirguṇo'nenaiva svarūpeṇāvyaktādīnāṃ sthāvarāntānāmahamevātmeti sarvvabhūteṣu cātmānaṃ nirvviśeṣaṃ yastvanupaśyati sa tatastasmādeva darśanānna vijugupsate jugupsāṃ ghṛṇāṃ na karoti | prāptasyānuvādo'yam | sarvvā hi ghṛṇātmano'nyadduṣṭaṃ paśyato bhavatyātmānamevātyantaviśuddhaṃ nirantaraṃ paśyato na ghṛṇānimittamastīti prāptameva | tato na vijugupsata iti |

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śaṅkaraḥ |—imamevārthamanyo'pi mantra āha | yasmin sarvvāṇi bhūtāni yasmin kāle yathoktātmani vā tānyeva bhūtāni sarvvāṇi paramārthatmadarśanāt ātmaivābhūdātmaiva saṃvṛttaḥ paramārthaṃ vastu vijānatastatra tasmin kāle tatra cātmani vā kaḥ śokaḥ ko mohaḥ | śokaśca mohaśca kāmavījamajñānato bhavati | na cātmaikatvaṃ viśuddhaṃ gaganopamaṃ paśyataḥ ko mohaḥ kaḥ śoka iti | śokamohayoravidyākāryyayorākṣepeṇāsambhavapradarśanāt | sakāraṇasya saṃsārasyātyantamevocchedaḥ pradarśito bhavati |

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vivṛtiḥ | idānīmiti | tata iti | karmma tyaktvā vihitakarmmānanuṣṭhānena pratyavāye satyantaḥkaraṇaśuddhyabhāvena jñānānudayāditi bhāvaḥ |
śaṅkaraḥ |—atrādyena mantreṇa sarvvaiṣaṇāparityāgena jñānaniṣṭhoktā prathamavedārthaḥ | īśā vāsyamidaṃ sarvvaṃ mā gṛdhaḥ kasyasviddhanamityajñānāṃ jijīviṣūṇāṃ jñānaniṣṭhāsambhave kurvvanneveha karmmāṇi jijīviṣediti karmmaniṣṭhoktā dvitīyo vedārthaḥ | anayośca niṣ‍ṭhayorvibhāgo mantrapradarśitayorvṛhadāraṇyake'pi pradarśitaḥ | so'kāmayata jāyā me syādityādinā | ajñasya kāminaḥ karmāṇīti mana evāsyātmā vāgjāyetyādivacanāt | ajñatvaṃ kāmitvaṃ ca niścitamavagamyate | tathāca tatphalaṃ saptānnasargasteṣvātmabhāvenātmasvarūpāvasthānaṃ jāyādyeṣaṇātrayasannyāsena cātmavidāṃ karmmaniṣṭhāprātikūlyenātmasvarūpaniṣṭhaiva darśitā | kiṃ prajayā kariṣyāmo yeṣāṃ no'yamātmāyaṃ loka ityādinā | ye tu jñānaniṣṭhāḥ sannyāsinastebhyo'sūryā nāma ta ityādināvidvannindādvāreṇātmano yāthātmyaṃ sa paryyagādityetadantairmantrairūpadiṣṭam | te hyatrādhikṛtān kāmina iti | tathāca śvetāśvatarāṇāṃ mantropaniṣadi atyāśramibhyaḥ paramaṃ pavitraṃ provāca samyagṛṣisaṅghajuṣṭamityādi vibhajyoktam | ye tu karmmaniṣṭhāḥ karmma kurvvanta eva jijīviṣavastebhya idamucyate | andhaṃ tama ityādi | kathaṃ punarevamavagamyate na tu sarvveṣāmityucyate | akāminaḥ sādhyasādhanabhedopamaddena | yasmin sarvvāṇi bhūtāni ātmaivābhūdvijānataḥ | tatra ko mohaḥ kaḥ śoka ekatvamanupaśyataḥ | yadātmaikatvavijñānaṃ tanna kenacit karmmaṇā jñānāntareṇa vā vācyamūḍhaḥ samuccicīṣati | iha granthe tu samuccicīṣayāvidyadādinindā kriyate | tatra ca yasya yena samuccayaḥ sambhavati nyāyataḥ śāstrato vā tadihocyate | taddaivaṃ vittaṃ devatādijñānaṃ karmmasambandhitvenopanyastaṃ na paramātmajñānam | vidyayā devaloka iti pṛthakphalaśravaṇāt | tayorjñānakarmmaṇorihaikekānuṣṭhānanindā samuccicīṣayā na nindāparaivai kasya pṛthakphalaśravaṇāt | vidyayā tadārohanti | vidyayā devalokaḥ | na tatra dakṣiṇāṃ yānti | karmmaṇā pitṛloka iti | na hi śāstravihitaṃ kiñcidakarttavyatāmiyāttava | andhaṃ tamaḥ adarśarśnātmakaṃ tamaḥ praviśanti | ke | ye'vidyāṃ vidyāyā anyā avidyā tāṃ karmetyarthaḥ | karmmaṇo vidyāvirodhisvāt | tāmavidyāmagnihotrādilakṣaṇāmeva kevalāmupāsate tatparāḥ santo'nutiṣṭhantītyabhiprāyaḥ | tatastasmādandhātmakāttamaso bhūya iva bahuttarameva tamaḥ praviśanti | karmma hitvā ye u vidyāyāmeva devatājñāne ratāḥ | tatrāvāntaraphalabhedavidyākarmmaṇoḥ samuccayakāraṇamāha | anyathā phalavadaphalavatoḥ sannihitayoraṅgāṅgitayā jāmitvaṃ syādityarthaḥ |

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vivṛtiḥ |—jñānakarmaṇorityādi spaṣṭam |
śaṅkaraḥ |—anyat pṛthageva vidyayā kriyate phalamityāhurvadanti | anyadāhuravidyayā karmaṇā kriyata iti | tathoktaṃ karmmaṇā pitṛloko vidyayā devaloka iti | evaṃ śuśrumaḥ śrutavanto vayaṃ dhīrāṇāṃ dhīmatāṃ vacanam | ye ācāryā no'smabhyaṃ tat karmma ca jñānañca vicacacire vyākhyātavantasteṣāmayamāgamaḥ pāramparyāgata ityarthaḥ |

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śaṅkaraḥ .—yata ebaṃ bidyāñcābidyāñca debatājñānaṃ karmma cetyarthaḥ . yastadetadubhaẏaṃ sahaikena puruṣeṇānuṣṭheẏaṃ beda tasyedaṃ samuccaẏakāriṇa ekapuruṣārthasambandhaḥ krameṇa syādityucyate . abidyaẏā karmmaṇāgnihotrādinā mṛtyuṃ sbābhābikaṃ karmma jñānañca mṛtyuśabdabācyamubhaẏaṃ tītbā atikramya bidyaẏā debatājñānenāmṛtaṃ debatātmabhābamaśnute prāpnoti . taddhyamṛtamucyate yaddebatātmabhābam .. 11 ..
śaṅkaraḥ |—adhunā vyākṛtāvyākṛtopāsanayoḥ samuccicīṣayā pratyekaṃ nindocyate | andhantamaḥ praviśanti ye asambhūtiṃ sambhavanaṃ sambhūtiḥ sā yasya kāryyasya sā sambhūtiḥ tasyānyā asambhūtiḥ prakṛtiḥ kāraṇamavyākṛtākhyaṃ tāmasaṃbhūtiṃmavidyāṃ kāmakarmmavījabhūtāmadarśanātmikāmupāsate ye te tadanurūpamevāndhaṃ tamo'darśanātmakaṃ praviśanti | tatastasmādapi bhūyo bahutaraṃ tamaḥ praviśanti ye saṃbhūtyāṃ kāryyabrahmaṇi hiraṇyagarbhākhye ratāḥ |

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śaṅkaraḥ |—athunobhayorupāsanayoḥ samuccayakāraṇamavayavaphalabhedamāha | anyadeva pṛthagevāhuḥ phalaṃ sambhavāt sambhūteḥ kāryyabrahmopāsanādaṇimādyaiśvaryya lakṣaṇamākhyāptavanta ityarthaḥ | tathā cānyadāhurasambhavādasambhṛteravyākṛtādavyākṛtopāsanādyaduktamandhantamaḥ praviśantīti prakṛtilaya iti ca paurāṇikairucyate iti evaṃ śuśruma dhīrāṇāṃ ye nastadvicacakṣire vyākṛtāvyākṛtopāsanaphalaṃ vyākhyātavanta ityarthaḥ |
śaṅkaraḥ|—yata evamataḥ samuccayaḥ sambhūtyasambhṛtyopāsanayoryukta ekapuruṣārthatvāccetyāha | sambhūtiṃ ca vināśañca yastadvedobhayaṃ sa vināśī dharmmī yasya kāryyasya tena dhammirṇābhedenocyate vināśa iti tena tadupāsanenānaiśvaryyamadharmmakāmādidoṣajātañca mṛtyuṃ tīrtvā hiraṇyagarbhopāsanena hyaṇimādiprāptiḥ phalam| tenānaiśvaryyādimṛtyumatītyāsambhṛtyā avyākṛtopāsanayā amṛtaṃ prakṛtilayalakṣaṇamaśnute| sambhūtiñca vināśañcetyavāvarṇalopena vinirddeśo draṣṭavyaḥ| prakṛtilayaphalaṃ śrutyanurodhāt| mānuṣadaivavittasādhyaṃ phalaṃ śāstralakṣaṇaṃ prakṛtilayāntam| etāvatī saṃsāragatiḥ| ataḥparaṃ pūrvoktamātmaivābhūdvijānata iti sarvātmabhāvasarvvaiṣaṇāsaṃnyāsajñānaniṣṭhāphalam evaṃ dvipakāraḥ pravṛttinivṛttilakṣaṇo vedārtho'tra prakāśitaḥ| tatra pravṛttitlakṣaṇasya vedārthasya vidhipratiṣedhalakṣaṇasya kṛtsnasya prakāśane pravargāṃntaṃ brāhmaṇamupayuktam| nivṛttitlakṣaṇasya prakāśane'ta ūrddhaṃ bṛhadāraṇyakaṃ tatra niṣekādiśmaśānāntaṃ karmma kurvvan jijīviṣet yo vidyāyā sahāparabrahmaviṣayayā| taduktaṃ vidyāñcāvidyāñca yastadvedobhayaṃ saha iti |

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śaṅkaraḥ |—avidyayā mṛtyuṃ tīrtvā vidyayāmṛtamaśnuta ityuktam | tatra kena mārgeṇāmṛtatvamaśnuta ityucyate | tadyat tat satyamasau sa ādityaḥ ya eṣa etasminmaṇḍale puruṣo yaścāyaṃ dakṣiṇekṣan puruṣa etadubhayaṃ satyaṃ brahmopāsīno yathoktakarmmakṛcca yaḥ so'ntakāle prāpte satyātmānamātmanaḥ prāptidvāraṃ yācate hiraṇmayena pātreṇa | hiraṇmayamiva hiraṇmayaṃ jyotirmayamityetat | tena pātreṇevāpidhānabhūtena satyasyādityamaṇḍalasthasya brahmaṇo'pihitaṃ chāditaṃ mukhaṃ dvāraṃ tattvaṃ he pūṣan apāvṛṇu satyadharmmāya tava satyasyopāsanāt satyaṃ dharmmo yasya mama so'haṃ satyadharmmā tasmai mahyaṃ athavā yathābhūtasya dharmmasyānuṣṭhātre dṛṣṭaye tava satyātmana upalabdhaye |

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vivṛtiḥ—etadeveti | he ekarṣe iti | ekāścāsāvṛṣiścetyekarṣiḥ | ṛṣajñāne| he mukhyajñāna ityarthaḥ | he yama iti | yamayati sarvvamiti yamaḥ | yo'ntaraṃ yamayatīti śruteḥ | he sūryya iti | sūribhirjñeyatvāt sa sūryyaḥ sūriśabdāt taddhito yat | he prājāpatya iti | prajānāṃ patiḥ prajāpatiḥ hiraṇyagarbhastasya vedopadeṣṭṛtvena priya yo brahmāṇaṃ vidadhāti pūrvvaṃ tasmai vedāṃśca prahiṇoti sarvvāniti śvetāśvataraśruteḥ | paramamaṅgalamiti | maṅgalānāñca maṅgalamiti smṛteḥ | puruṣa iti | puryyaṃ śete asau śaṅkaraḥ |—he pūṣan jagataḥ poṣaṇāt pūṣā ravistathaika eva ṛṣati gacchatītyekarṣiḥ he ekarṣe | tathā sarvvasya saṃyamanādyamaḥ he yama tathā raśmīnāṃ prāṇānāṃ rasānāṃ svīkaraṇāt sūryyaḥ he sūryya prajāpaterapatyaṃ prājāpatyaḥ he prājāpatya | vyūha vigamaya raśmīn khān samūha ekīkuru upasaṃhara te tejastāvakaṃ jyotiḥ | yatte tava rūpaṃ kalyāṇatamamatyantaśobhanaṃ tatte tavātmanaḥ prasādāt paśyāmi | kiñcāhaṃ na tu tvāṃ bhṛtyavadyāce yo'sāvādityamaṇḍalastho vyāhṛtyavayavapuruṣaḥ puruṣākāratvāt pūrṇam anena prāṇabuddhyātmanā jagat samastamiti puruṣaḥ so'hamasmi bhavāmi |

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vivṛtiḥ | idānīmiti| vāyuranilaṃ yajuṣī| omiti paramākṣarasya yogināmālambanabhūtasya parasya brahmaṇaḥ praṇavākhyasyāsthūlattvādiguṇayuktasya brahmā ṛṣiḥ chando gāyatraṃ paramātmā devatā śabdabrahmārambhāvirāme ca yāgahomādiṣu śāntipauṣṭikakarmasu cānyeṣu viniyogo'sya| kratau iti ebhiryajñān yogī smārayatītyanukramaṇī| vāyuriti| vāyugrahaṇaṃ saptadaśaliṅgopalakṣaṇārtham| ataevāha saptadaśātmaketyādi| sūtrātmānamityādi| vāyurvai gautama tatsūtreṇa vāyunā hi gautama tatsūtreṇāyañca lokaḥ paraśca lokaḥ sarvāṇi ca bhūtāni saṃdṛbdhāni bhavantīti śruteḥ| bhasmāntamiti| bhasmaivānto yasya tadbhasmāntaṃ bhasmāvasānaṃ bhūyāt kṛtaprayojanatvāditiśeṣaḥ| yadvā pratyakṣata eva dehasya bhasmāntatvadarśanāt dehanāśe ca tadantargatasya brahmaṇo jīvanamaraṇādyāvaśyambhāvādityāśaṅkāyāmidamucyate| athāyamarthaḥ| yadyapīdaṃ śarīraṃ bhasmāntaṃ dṛśyate tathāpi tadantarvarttinaḥ parameśvarasya na maraṇādidoṣaprasaṅgaḥ| kutaḥ vyatyayāt| anilam anilaḥ vāyuryadā amṛtamamṛtaḥ atha tadā brahma amṛtamiti kiṃ vaktavyaṃ tadamṛtatvasya kaimutyasiddhatvāditi| nanu saṃsāriṇo vāyoḥ kathamamṛtatvaṃ sambhavati yadupacāreṇa tarhīśvarasyāpi śaṅkaraḥ |—athedānīṃ mama mariṣyato vāyuḥ prāṇo'dhyātmaparicchedaṃ hitvādhidaivatātmānaṃ sarvātmakamanilamamṛtaṃ sūtrātmānaṃ pratipadyatāmiti vākyaśeṣaḥ | liṅgañcedaṃ jñānakarmasaṃskṛtam utkrāmatviti draṣṭavyam | mārgayācanasāmarthyādathedaṃ śarīramagnau hutaṃ bhasmāntaṃ bhūyāt | omiti yathopāsanaṃ oṃpratīkātmakatvāt satyātmakamanvākhyāṃ brahmābhedenocyate | he krato saṅkalpātmaka smara yanmama smarttavyaṃ tasya kālo'yaṃ pratyupasthito'taḥ smara etāvantaṃ kālaṃ bhāvitaṃ kṛtamagne smara yanmayā bālyaprabhṛtyanuṣṭhitaṃ karmma tacca smara| krato smara kṛtaṃ smareti punarvacanamādarārtham |

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vivṛtiḥ|—sākṣātkāreti| agne nayeti| agasyādṛṣṭāye yadaivatyā yajñān yogī smārayatīti kātyāyanasmaraṇāt| supatheti viśeṣaṇaṃ dakṣiṇāyanamārganivṛttyartham| yato gatāgatalakṣaṇena dakṣiṇāyanamārgeṇa nirviṇṇā vayam ato'gre tvāṃ yācāmahe punargamanāgamanavarjjitena śobhanamārgeṇāsmān karmmaphalaviśiṣṭān naya supathetyarthaḥ| juhurāṇamiti| hvṛ kauṭilye iti dhātoḥ śānac| yuyodhīti| yuṅgamiśraṇāmiśraṇayoradāditvāt ślauvyaḍittve chāndasaṃ herdhitvam| yadā he deva agne asmān supathā śaṅkaraḥ |—punaranyena mantreṇa mārgaṃ yācate | he agne naya gamaya supathā śobhanena mārgeṇa | supatheti viśeṣaṇaṃ dakṣiṇamārganivṛttyartham nirvviṇṇo'haṃ dakṣiṇena mārgeṇa gatāgatalakṣaṇenāto yāce tvāṃ punargamanāgamanavarjitena śobhanena pathā nayaṃ | rāye dhanāya karmmaphalabhogāyetyarthaḥ | asmān yathoktadharmmaphalaviśiṣṭān viśvāni sarvvāṇi he deva vayunāni karmmāṇi prajñānāni vā vidvān jānan kiñca yuyodhi viyojaya vināśaya asmadasmatto juhurāṇaṃ kuṭilaṃ vacanātmakamenaḥ pāpam | tato vayaṃ viśuddhāḥ santa iṣṭaṃ prāpsyāma ityabhiprāyaḥ | kintu vayamidānīṃ te na śaknuma paricaryyāṃ karttuṃ bhūyiṣṭhāṃ bahutarāṃ te tubhyaṃ nama-uktiṃ namaskāravacanaṃ vidhema tava namaskāreṇa paricarema ityarthaḥ | avidyayā mṛtyuṃ tīrtvā vidyayāmṛtamaśnute | vināśena mṛtyuṃ tīrtvā sambhūtyāmṛtamaśnuta iti śrutyā kecit saṃśayaṃ kurvvanti atastannirṇayārthaṃ saṅkṣepato vicāraṇāṃ kariṣyāmaḥ | tatra tāvat kiṃ nimittaḥ saṃśaya ityucyate | vidyāśabdena mukhyā paramātmavidyaiva kasmānna gṛhyate'mṛtatvañca | nanūktāyāḥ paramātmavidyāyāḥ karmmaṇaśca virodhāt samuccayānupapattiḥ satyam | virodho'stu nāvagamyate virodhāvirodhayoḥ śāstrapramāṇakatvāt | yathā vidyānuṣṭhānaṃ | viddyopāsanañca śāstrapramāṇakaṃ tathā tadvirodhāvapi | yathā ca na hiṃsyāt sarvvā bhūtāni iti śāstrāvagata punaḥ śāstreṇaiva bādhyate'dhvare'pi hiṃsā syāditi ataeva vidyāvidyayorapi syāt | vidyākarmmaṇośca samuccaye na dūramete viparīte viṣūcī avidyā yā ca vidyeti śruteḥ | vidyāñcāvidyāñceti vacanādavirodha iti cenna | hetusvarūpaphalavirodhāt | vidyāvidyāvirodhāvirodhayorvikalpāsambhavā-
davirodha eveti cenna | sahasambhavānupapatteḥ | krameṇa syātāṃ vidyāvidye iti cenna | vidyotpattau tadāśraye'vidyānupapatteḥ | na hyagniruṣṇaḥ prakāśayeti vijñānotpattau yasminnāśraye tadutpannaṃ tasminnevāśraye śīto'gniraprakāśo vetyavidyāyā utpatcirnāpi saṃśayo'jñānaṃ vā | yasmin sarvāṇi bhūtāni ātmaivābhūdvijānatastatra ko mohaḥ kaḥ śoka ekatvamanupaśyata iti śokamohādyasambhavaśruteḥ | avidyāsambhavāttadupādānasya karmmaṇo'pyanupapattimavocāma | amṛtamaśnuta ityāpekṣikamamṛtaṃ vidyāśabdena paramātmavidyāgrahaṇe hiraṇmayenetyādinā dvāramārgāyācanamanupapannaṃ syāttasmādyathāsmābhirvyākhyātaḥ eva mantrāṇāmartha ityuparamyate |
iti śrīgovindabhagavatpūjyapādaśiṣyasya paramahaṃsaparivrājakācāryyasya śrīśaṅkarabhagavataḥ kṛtau vājasaneyasaṃhitopaniṣadbhāṣyaṃ sampūrṇam ||

Commentaries (1)

Ṭippaṇa of Śivānandayati — Śivānanda Yati, Sanskrit, not yet digitised

Commentary of Śaṅkarācārya of Śaṅkarācārya

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Commentaries (1)