Yāska's Nirukta 234

Ṛjvarthā (Niruktavṛtti) 234

Language: Sanskrit

234.1 — 7 parts

234.1.1

vyākhyātāni pṛthivīsthānadevatāpadāmi, adhunā samāmnāyānukrameṇaiva madhyamasthānadevatāpadāni nirvaktavyāni,tadarthamidamārabhyate,–“athāto madhyamasthānā devatāḥ”–iti| athaśabdo viśeṣādhikārārthaḥ| ataḥ-śabda ānantaryārthaḥ | madhyaṃ sthānametāsāmiti madhyamasthānāḥ devatāḥ, vyākhyāsyāḥ ‘vakṣyante’–iti vākyaśeṣaḥ | devatā iti bahuvacanaṃ bhedapakṣe, ekaiva, nairuktānāṃ devatātitvāryupagamāt | etasyaiva madhyamasya paryāyavacanānyetāni vāyvādīni rodasyantāni guṇaviśeṣato bhavanti, yathaivottamasya jyotiṣo dṛśyante bhagaprabhṛtīni | 10 | “vāyavāyāhi darśaṃta0 ( ṛ0 saṃ0 1,1,3,1 )”-iti | madhucchandasa ārṣam | ādhvaryave vāyavyopasthāne viniyogaḥ, bāhvṛcye prauge śastre śasyate || he “vāyo !” “darśaṃta” “darśanīya!” darśanārha ! tvadartham “ime” “somāḥ” asmābhiḥ “araṅkṛtāḥ” “alaṅkṛtāḥ” paryāptāḥ pātuṃ saṃskṛtāḥ | sa tvamasmākamidam “havam” “āhvānam” “śrudhi” “śṛṇu” | śrutvā ca tat “āyāhi” | etya ca “teṣām” eteṣāṃ somānāṃ yaḥ svo'śastaṃ taṃ “pāhi” “piba”-ityetadāśāsmahe | 10 |

234.1.2

"āsasrāṇāsaḥ0 (ṛ0 sa0 4, 7, 9, 1)"-iti | bharadvājasyārṣam | mahāvrate mahadukthe śasyate uttare pakṣe | "rathyāsaḥ" "rathyāḥ" "aśvāḥ" "sucakre" "kalyāṇacakre" "rathe" yogārtham "indraṃ śavasānam accha" indramabhivalāyamānamadhikabalamātmānaṃ manyamānam, "āsasrāṇāsaḥ" "āsasṛvāṃsaḥ" nityamāsarpanti ye, tān yuktvā rathe'smākam, āyāhi somapānāya yajñamiti | kimasmākaṃ te kurvantu ? iti | "abhiśrava ṛjyanto vaheyuḥ" | "ṛjugāminaḥ" bhūtvā "śravaḥ" "annam" somākhyametadasmadyajñe yat | "nūcit" "navaṃ ca purāṇaṃ ca" tatpānāya ainamindramabhivaheyuḥ | "nu" kṣipram | yathā "asya" "vāyoḥ" indrasya idam "amṛtam" eṣa somabhakṣaḥ na "vidasyet" | avidaste'nupakṣīṇe etasmin somabhakṣe'bhivaheyuḥityetadāśāsmahe || "śravaḥ"- "iti" etat "annanāma" | taddhi sarvatra "śrūyate" | "nūcit"iti navapurāṇābhidhāyakau nipātau | navam, yaḥ somo gṛhītvā tatkālameva hūyate | purāṇaṃ punaḥ, yaḥ, prātaḥsavane gṛhītvā mādhyandine savane hūyate, tṛtīyasavane vā, tadyathā-atigrāhyā dhruvaśca || evametasmin mantre aindrasūktamadhyapātitvāt indrapradhāne yad vāyvabhidhānam, tat “naighaṇṭukam” indrasyaiva viśeṣaṇārthaṃ vyañjanamātram |-“iti eke”| “apare” punaḥ “ubhayapradhānā” iyamk “iti” manyante bhedapakṣavādinaḥ, tat punarayuktam, niṣkevalye viniyogāt | 10 |

234.1.3

“nīcīna̍bāram0 ( ṛ0 saṃ0 4, 4, 3, 3)”-iti | atrairāṣam | nyak añcate dvāraṃ yasya sa bhavati nīcīnadvāraḥ, adhodvāraḥ, taṃ “nīcīnadvāram” adhobilaṃ kṛtvā “kabandhaṃ” “meghaṃ” “varuṇaḥ” madhyamaḥ | ata eva meghasambandhāt “kavanam udakam” “prasasarja” “prasṛjati” mahattvena, na hyamahānetacchaknuyāt kartum | “rodasī antarikṣam” “dyāvāpṛthivyau ca antarikṣaṃ ca” | “mahattvena” sarvamāpūrayiṣyanniva | tataḥ tena atiprabhūtodakena visṛṣṭena “viśvasya bhuvanasya” bhūtajātasyodakasya vā “rājā” īśvaraḥ “yavaṃ na” yavamiva, kaścit satkarṣā svalpaṃ “vṛṣṭayā” “vyunatti” vividhamunatti kledayati “bhūma” “bhūmim” kṛtsnām yaḥ-so'smākamidaṃ nāma karotu || atha caivamanyathā yojyam-prasṛjati dyāvāpṛthivyau ca antarikṣaṃ ca prakarṣeṇa sṛjati utpādayati mahattvena | yasmāccotpādayati, tasmāt sa eva bhuvanasya rājā viśvasya bhuvanasya bhūtajātasya, tena hetunā tadanugrahāya nīcīnadvāram adhobilaṃ meghaṃ kṛtvā yavamiva vṛṣṭivrvyunatti bhūmimiti samānaṃ pūrveṇa || kabandha iti megha ucyate | kasmāt ? “kavanam=udakam” kavatergatyarthasya “tadasmin dhīyate” iti kabandho meghaḥ | “udakamapi kabandhamucyate” | tat kasmāt ? atrottaraṃ 1padaṃ prathamaṃ nirāha,-“bandhiḥ” dhātuḥ “anibhṛtatve” nibhṛtastāvaccapalaḥ, tadviparītārthavācī bandhiḥ, kaṃ ca taccapalaṃ ceti kabandham, sukhaṃ cānavasthāthi tyarthaḥ | 10 | 4 |

234.1.4

“tasya” varuṇasya madhyamatve “eṣā” “aparā” ṛk “bhavati” | sā punaḥ kimartham ? varṣakarma varuṇābhidhānaṃ ca sūrye'pi dṛṣṭam, uttarasyāṃ tu śabdata eva “madhyamaḥ”varuṇaḥ iti viśeṣahetunopapādayati-|| taṃ svabhiṣṭaumi samānayā girā gītyā stutyā pitṝṇāṃ ca mananīyaiḥ stomairnābhākasya praśastibhiḥ | ṛṣirnābhāko babhūva yaḥ syandamānānāmāsāmapāmupodaye saptasvasāramenamāha vāgbhiḥ sa madhyama iti nirucyate'thaiṣa eva bhavati | “nabhantāmanyake same |” mā bhūvannanyake sarve-ye no dviṣanti durddhiyaḥ pāpadhiyaḥ pāpasaṅkalpāḥ | "tam ̀ ṣu sa̍ma̱nā 0 (ṛ0 saṃ0 6, 3, 26, 1 )" - iti | nābhākasyārṣam || su- ityetasyopasargasya sambandhi kriyāpadaṃ nāstīti “taṃ svabhiṣṭaumi”-ityabhipūrvaṃ kriyāpadamadhyāhriyate,–suṣṭhutamamabhiṣṭaumi | kena ? “samanā” tat “samānayā” tadyogyayā, “girā” “gītyā = stutyā” “pitṝṇāṃ ca manmabhiḥ” ye ca pitṝṇāṃ mananīyāḥ mananārhāḥ bahumānāḥ stomāḥ, taiścāhamabhiṣṭaumi | “nābhākasya praśastibhiḥ” yāśca mama nābhākasya praśastayaḥ stutayaṃḥ yogyāḥ taṃ varuṇaṃ prati, tābhirabhiṣṭaumi || kiṃlakṣaṇaḥ ? “yaḥ” varuṇaḥ “sindhūnām upodaye” “syandamānānām” “apām” “upodaye” upodgame | antarikṣaloke varṣasya “saptasvasā” sampadyate | madhyamābhiḥ aśvādyābhiḥ saptabhiḥ “vāgbhiḥ” “sa madhyamaḥ”-“iti” varuṇaḥ “nirucyate” śabdata evaitasminmantre | tadanugrahādasmākaṃ “nabhantāmanyake same” “mā bhūvannanyake sarve” anya eva anyake śatravaḥ, te mā bhūvannasmākamiti | 10 | 5 |

234.1.5

"i̱mā ru̱drāya̍0 (ṛ0 saṃ0 5, 4, 13, 1) " - iti | vasiṣṭhasyārṣam, uttarā ca | śūlagave viniyogaḥ | he stotāraḥ ! yūyamucyadhve, - "imāḥ giraḥ" stutīḥ "bharata" "rudrāya" kīlakṣaṇāya ? "sthiradhanvane" "dṛḍhadhanvane" dṛḍhadhanuṣe, "kṣipreṣave" śīghreṣave "devāya" dānādiguṇayuktāya, "svadhāvne" svadhāvate "annavate" śīghreṣave, "aṣāḷhāya" "aṣāḍhāya" anabhibhūtāya kenacit "sahamānāya" nityamabhibhavate śatrūn, "vedhase" "vidhātre" "tigmāyudhāya" tīkṣṇāyudhāya, sa ca imā gira ucyamānāḥ "śṛṇotu" "naḥ" asmākam-ityetadāśāsmahe || "sahamānāya"-iti balakṛteḥ madhyamaḥ | 10 | 6 | "yā te̍ didyuda̍vasṛṣṭā0 ( ṛ0 saṃ0 5, 4, 13, 3 )"-iti | he bhagavan ! rudra! "yā" "te" 'tava "didyut" āyudham, jvarātīsārādirogākhyam, yena prāṇino haṃsi| "divaspari" dyulokādadhi tvayā "avasṛṣṭā" "carati" | sarvaiva hi devatā dyusthānā iti gamyate, divasparīti liṅgāt, karmādhikārasthānāni tu viśiṣṭāni-iti tisṛṇāṃ trīṇi karmādhikārasthānāni niyatāni bhavanti, ata evoktamagnyadhikāre dyusthāno bhavati-iti | katham ? yā carati didyut ? "kṣamayā" pṛthivyā vrīhyādibhāvamupagatayā, "tasyāṃ" vrīhyādibhāvamupagatāyāṃ pṛthivyāmanupraviśya carati annapānasamudbhūtā, tatprabhavatvāt sarvarogāṇām, taduktam,-"namo̍'stu ru̱drebhyo̱ ye ke ca̍ pṛthi̱vyāṃ yeṣā̱manna̱ṃ vāto̍ va̱rṣamiṣa̍vaḥ ( ya0 vā0 saṃ0 16, 66 )"-iti | tasyāḥ kim ? didyutaḥ sā bhavatī prāṇino'smān "parivṛṇaktu" parivarttayatu "naḥ" | kimanyadastu tvatto'smākam ? "sahasraṃ te svapivāta bheṣajā" | he "svapivāta" "svāptavacana !" kasyacidapi anatikramaṇīyāpta !

234.1.6

yāni tava "sahasraṃ" "bheṣajā" "bhaiṣajyāni" yairbahubhiḥ bahuprakāram bheṣajaṃ karoṣi bhaktānām, tānyasmān prati santu | kiñca, "mā naḥ" mā asmākam "tokeṣu" "putreṣu" "tanayeṣu" "pautreṣu ca" "rīriṣaḥ" hiṃsāṃ no mā prayuṅkṣva-ityetadāśāsmahe || "didyut"- "dyateḥ vā" avakhaṇḍanārthasya ( di0 pa0 ), "dyuteḥ vā" dīptyarthasya ( bhvā0 pa0 ) | "vikṣmāpayantī caratīti vā" hiṃsantī caratīti vā | "tokam"-iti putraḥ, sa hi nityaṃ pitrā vinayatā tudyate idaṃ kurvidaṃ mā kārṣīriti | "tanayam"-"tanoteḥ" pautram, taddhvatitarāṃ pituḥ sakāśāt tataṃ bhavati | satyapyapatyanāmasvāviśeṣe ihājāmi̍taiva viśeṣaḥ | evamanyatrāpi samānārthānāmekavākye viśeṣa upekṣya iti darśayati | 10 | 7 |

234.1.7

“jarā̍ bodha̱0 (ṛ0 saṃ0 1, 2, 23, 5 | sā0 saṃ0 cha0 ā0 1, 1,2,5) ”iti | śunaḥśepasyārṣam || “aśva̍ṃ na tvā vāra̍vantam ( ṛ0 saṃ0 1 ma0 6 anu0 4 sū0 )”-iti || etasmin sūkte prātaranuvāke viniyogaḥ | yeyaṃ mayā tava “jarā” stutirucyate, bhagavannagne ! rudra ! tāṃ tvaṃ “bodha” budhyasva | athavā-he jarābodhayitaḥ ! sa hi jarayā stutyā hotṛtve varttamāno'bhimatamarthaṃ yajamānānāṃ sampādayan devān bodha-• yati | “tat vividdhi” “tat kuru” “viśeviśe” manuṣyāya, “yajñiyāya” yajñasampādine janāya, yat tvayā yajñe kartavyam, tataḥ tubhyaṃ rudrāya devatānāṃ stotre sa manuṣyaḥ “dṛśīkam” “darśanīyam” śravaṇīyaṃ, śravaṇārham vyapagatadoṣaṃ stotramuccārayiṣyati| “yo a̱gnau ru̱dro yo a̱psva1̱ntarrya oṣa̍dhī̱rvīrudha̍ ā̱viveśa̍ | | ya i̱mā viśvā̱ bhuva̍nāni cāklṛ̱pe tasmai̍ ru̱drāya̱ namo̍ astva̱gnaye̍ || (atha0 saṃ0 7, 87, 1 )”-iti | 10 | 8 |

234.2

“tāsāṃ vāyuḥ prathamāgāmī bhavati” | nanvindra iti madhyamasya sthānasya mukhyamabhidhānam, tat prathamaṃ samāmnātavyamāsīt ? na, madhyamasya varṣakarmopalakṣaṇatvāt | varṣakarmaṇi ca vāyoradhikāraḥ prathamaḥ syāt | katham ? iti | vāyvātmanaiva hi madhyamaḥ, ūrjanmāsāt parataḥ sārvadikamudakamupasaṃharannoṣadhivanaspatijalāśayebhya udakamantarikṣalokasya garbhamupacinoti, sa māsāṣṭakena sambhūtodakagarbho vipakvaḥ prāvṛṣaṃ prāpya prasavāya prakalpate ||
taduktam–“vānti parṇaśuṣo vātāstataḥ parṇamuco'pare | tataḥ parṇaruho vānti tato devaḥ pravarṣati ||”–iti ||
tadevaṃ varṣakarmaprārambhe vāyvātmanaiva madhyamo vyāpiyata iti yuktaṃ vāyvabhidhānamiha prathamaṃ samāmnātamiti | itaśca yuktaṃ yaducyate “tāsāṃ vāyuḥ prathamāgāmī bhavati”– iti, sa eṣa sambhūtodakagarbho vāyurvivṛṇvan meghajālena nabhaḥ, madhyamo varuṇaḥ sampadyate, tato rudan rudraḥ, tata irāṃ dadat indraḥ, tato rasān prārjunyat parjanyaḥ | evamādirmadhyamasya jagadanugrahāya varṣapradānasiddhaye guṇopajanakramaḥ | anayaiva guṇopajanakramānupūrvyā vāyuḥ 1, varuṇaḥ 2, rudraḥ 3, parjanyaḥ 4,–ityevamādyā samāmnāye devatānāmānupūrvī | tadetat sphuṭaṃ dyusthāne guṇāntaropajanānupūrvyaṃ jyotirmaṇḍalasya savitṛprabhṛtiṣu |
10 |
vāyoḥ sarvasthānatāmapekṣya vicāramārgūrya tato'vadhārayati, -sarvasthānatve'pi sati “kamanyam” indrāt “madhyamāt” “evam avakṣyat” mantrakṛt-somā araṅkṛtāḥ, teṣāṃ piba-itiṃ | prasiddhaṃ hi indrasya madhyamasya somapānam, tadarthatvāt somasaṃskārasya, animadhyamanyasya | tasmādindra eva vāyuḥ |
10 |
"tasya" indrasya vāyoḥ aindre eva sūkte yasyāmindrasya viśeṣaṇatvena vāyuśabdaḥ, tathā "eṣā" "aparā" ṛk "bhavati"-||
“varuṇaḥ (2)” kasmāt ? “vṛṇotīti sataḥ” sa hi viyad vṛṇoti meghajālena |
10 |
“tasya eṣā bhavati”-||
“rudraḥ ( 3 )” kasmāt ? “rautīti sataḥ” sa hi stanayitnuśabdaṃ karoti || “rorūyamāṇo dravati iti vā” śabdaṃ kurvāṇo meghodarastho dravatīti || “rodayateḥ vā” śatrūnasau rodayati duḥkhayati | brāhmaṇamapi caitasminnarthe bhavati,–“yadarudat taddudrasya rudratvam”-“iti” “kāṭhakam” kaṭhānāṃ pravacanam || aitihāsikairetat samavaiti,-“sa kila pitaraṃ prajāpatimiṣuṇā vidhyantamanuśocannarudat tadrudrasya rudratvam | yadarodīt tadudrasya rudratvam”-“iti, hāridravikam” sa evārthaḥ, kevalaṃ tu śākhāntaramanyat | evaṃ śākhāntarebhyo'pi devatābhidhānanirvacanāntarāṇyupekṣyāṇītyupapradarśanādisplayārtham | hāridravo nāma maitrāyaṇīyānāṃ śākhābhedaḥ |
10|
5|
“tasya eṣā bhavati”-||
"tigmaṃ tejaterutsāhakarmaṇaḥ" |
10 |
6 |
“agniḥ api rudraḥ ucyate”-iti | vicārānusmṛtaye saṅkhyāprapradarśanam |
10|
7|
“tasya eṣā bhavati” agneḥ rudrasya-||
“indraḥ ( 4 )” kasmāt ? “irāṃ dṛṇāti-iti vā”• irāṃ annaṃ vrīhyādi, dṛṇāti vidārayati, irāśabdāt pūrvapadam, dṛṇāteruttarapadam, varṣakleditamaṅkuraṃ bījaṃ
bhinatti, tadindrakāritam, so'yam "irādāraḥ san indraḥ"- iti parokṣeṇocyate, yathā "agraṇīḥ sannagniḥ"-iti | vijñāyate hi "parokṣapriyā iva hi devāḥ pratyakṣadviṣaḥ"iti | sarvatraivaṃ devatābhidheyeṣvabhidhānata eva hi devatā ātmanastattvamantarṇīya vyavadhāya ātmānamaviduṣāṃ parokṣīkṛtya nityaṃ varttante, tāṃ tu vidvāṃsastadabhidhānavyutpattidvāreṇa vivṛtya daivena cakṣuṣā manasopajātadivyadṛṣṭayo dṛṣṭvā tādbhāvyaṃ pratipadyante iti tadabhidhānavyutpattau kṛtsnaḥ puruṣārtha āhitaḥ | indraśca bhūyiṣṭhabhāg prāṇadevatānāmubhayoradhyātmadhidaivatayoriti tadabhidhānamācāryo'titarāṃ niravocat |
10 |
8 |

234.3

“vāyuḥ ( 1 )” kasmāt ? “vāteḥ” “vā gatigandhanayoḥ (adā0 pa0)”ityasya, satatamasau vāti gacchatiṃ || “veteḥ vā syād gatikarmaṇaḥ” anekārtho vetiḥ, tasya vā “gatikarmaṇaḥ” gatyarthasya || “eteḥ-iti sthaulāṣṭhīviḥ” | asmin pakṣe “anarthakaḥ vakāraḥ” upajanamātram, etyasau iti vāyuḥ |
10 |
“tasya eṣā bhavati”-||
"āyudham āyodhanāt" |
10 |
6 |
"tasya eṣā aparā bhavati" - [ sā punaḥ kimartham ? "vidhātre" - ityuktaṃ pūrvasyāmṛci, tatraitad bhavati-kimaso vidhatte ? iti, ataḥ parayā nirbravīti-rakṣaḥpiśācāniti ] -||
"irāṃ dadāti-iti vā" | tadeva pūrvapadam, dadāteruttarapadam | yo varṣadvāreṇāsmai irāmannaṃ dadāti | so'yam irādaḥ = irādātā = indraḥ |
10 |
8 |

234.4

234.5

234.6

234.7

"indau ramate-iti vā" | krīḍatyayaṃ some itīndraḥ |
10 |

234.8

"indhe bhūtāni-iti vā" "ñi indhī dīptau" - ityasya | bhūtāni hyasāvatrotpadyadhidevastho'dhyātmastho vā'bhyavahārayan vibhajamānaśca dīpayati dyutimanti karoti | so'yam "indhaḥ = indraḥ" || "tat" idamaparamindrasya indratvaṃ brāhmaṇe ucyate | "yadenaṃ" madhyato'vasthitaṃ śarīrasya "prāṇaiḥ" prāṇabhāvena viṣṭabhyetarān prāṇān vāgādīnitaraprāṇavṛttimahābhāgyasampadānena yadahaṃ viśiṣṭo'smi tvaṃ tadviśiṣṭo'sītyevamādinā prāṇādhidevatāḥ "samaindhan" pramadīpayan santānārthaṃ "tadindrasyendratvamiti vijñāyate" | indhe bhūtānīti karttari, māṇairainaṃ samaindhateti karmaṇi |
10 |

Linked texts (1)

Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit