The Historical Inscriptions of Southern India (collected till 1923) and Outlines of Political History c9.s2: Dynasties of South India
The Historical Inscriptions of Southern India (collected till 1923) and Outlines of Political History c9.s2
- Language
- English
Contents
- c9.s2.t1 Adigaiman Chief — 3 parts
- c9.s2.t2 Adil Shāhs of Bijāpūr — 4 parts
- c9.s2.t3 Alupa, Alva, Aluva Princes — 10 parts
- c9.s2.t4 Andhra Kings — 13 parts
- c9.s2.t5 Chuṭu Sātakarṇis or Chuṭu-Nāgas — 4 parts
- c9.s2.t6 Araviḍu—Family of— — 1 part
- c9.s2.t7 Arcot—Navābs of— — 31 parts
- c9.s2.t8 Āy Kings of Malaināḍu — 1 part
- c9.s2.t9 Bāhmani Dynasty — 30 parts
- c9.s2.t10 Bāṇa Chiefs — 28 parts
- c9.s2.t11 Burma—Some Kings of — 7 parts
- c9.s2.t12 Ceylon,—Kings of — 18 parts
- c9.s2.t13 Early Cāḷukya Kings — 3 parts
- c9.s2.t14 Western Cāḷukya Dynasty — 21 parts
- c9.s2.t15 Eastern Chālukya Dynasty — 23 parts
- c9.s2.t16 Princes of Eastern Chālukya Descent—A — 8 parts
- c9.s2.t17 Princes of Eastern Chālukya Descent—B — 16 parts
- c9.s2.t18 Changāḷva Chiefs — 3 parts
- c9.s2.t19 Chera Kings — 9 parts
- c9.s2.t20 Chōḷa Rulers of Coimbatore — 1 part
- c9.s2.t21 Chōḷa-Mahārājas of the Renāṇḍu Country — 2 parts
- c9.s2.t22 Chōla-Mahārājas of Niḍugal — 1 part
- c9.s2.t23 Coorg—Rājas of — 3 parts
- c9.s2.t24 Dannāyakankōṭṭai Chiefs — 4 parts
- c9.s2.t25 Dekhan—Subahdars of the—or Nizāms of Hyderabad — 3 parts
- c9.s2.t26 Delhi—Dynasties of — 18 parts
- c9.s2.t27 Western Ganga Kings — 29 parts
- c9.s2.t28 Hoysala Dynasty — 34 parts
- c9.s2.t29 Kadamba Dynasty of Banavāsi — 18 parts
- c9.s2.t30 Later Kadambas of Baṇavāsi — 7 parts
- c9.s2.t31 Kadambas of Hangal, or Pāṇungal — 15 parts
- c9.s2.t32 Kadambas of Goa — 13 parts
- c9.s2.t33 Kalachūri Dynasty — 19 parts
- c9.s2.t34 Kaḷasa—Chiefs of — 16 parts
- c9.s2.t35 Kalinga—Kings of—, and Eastern Gangas — 41 parts
- c9.s2.t36 Kāṭama Nāyaka Family — 1 part
- c9.s2.t37 Kāyastha Family—The — 6 parts
- c9.s2.t38 Keḷadi, Ikkeri or Beḍnūr Chiefs — 21 parts
- c9.s2.t39 Kerala Kings — 23 parts
- c9.s2.t40 Konḍapadamaṭi Chiefs — 4 parts
- c9.s2.t41 Kongāḷva Chiefs of W. Mysore — 2 parts
- c9.s2.t42 Kongu-Chōḷa and Kongu-Pāṇḍya Chiefs — 4 parts
- c9.s2.t43 Kōṭa Chiefs of Amarāvati — 10 parts
- c9.s2.t44 Madura—Muhammadan Governors of — 10 parts
- c9.s2.t45 Bāṇa Governors of Madura and Others — 3 parts
- c9.s2.t46 The Nāyaka Dynasty of Madura — 6 parts
- c9.s2.t47 Mahratta Sovereigns of Sātāra and Kolhāpūr, and Peshwas — 34 parts
- c9.s2.t48 Matla Family, The — 14 parts
- c9.s2.t49 Matsya Family Chiefs in Orissa — 8 parts
- c9.s2.t50 Mughal Empire of Delhi — 41 parts
- c9.s2.t51 Mysore—Dynasty of— — 5 parts
- c9.s2.t52 Nandyāla Family—The— — 31 parts
- c9.s2.t53 Nolambavādi Country—Rulers of — 34 parts
- c9.s2.t54 Orissa—Gajapati Kings of — 27 parts
- c9.s2.t55 Pallava Peruñjiṅga — 6 parts
- c9.s2.t56 Pāṇḍya Kings — 140 parts
- c9.s2.t57 Ratta Chiefs of Saundatti — 17 parts
- c9.s2.t58 Redḍis of Konḍavīḍu — 10 parts
- c9.s2.t59 Redḍi Chiefs of Rajahmundry—Branch A — 5 parts
- c9.s2.t60 Redḍi Chiefs of Rajahmundry—Branch B — 13 parts
- c9.s2.t61 Sāḷuva Family Chiefs — 8 parts
- c9.s2.t62 Sambuvarāya Chiefs of the Sengeṇi Family — 20 parts
- c9.s2.t63 Sāntara Chiefs of Paṭṭipombuchcha—Modern Humcha — 19 parts
- c9.s2.t64 Setupati Rulers of Rāmnād — 3 parts
- c9.s2.t65 Sinda Families—A. Sindas of Sindavāḍi — 13 parts
- c9.s2.t66 Sindas of Erambarage — 11 parts
- c9.s2.t67 Tanjore—Rulers of — 25 parts
- c9.s2.t68 Telugu-Chōḍa Chiefs — 15 parts
- c9.s2.t69 Vaidumba Chiefs — 17 parts
- c9.s2.t70 Vākāṭaka Rājas — 12 parts
- c9.s2.t71 Velanāṇḍu Chiefs — 26 parts
- c9.s2.t72 Vellore Chiefs — 4 parts
- c9.s2.t73 Veṇāḍ Kings — 69 parts
- c9.s2.t74 Vishnukundin Kings — 11 parts
- c9.s2.t75 Yādava Kings of Devagiri — 26 parts
Dynasties of South India
Adigaiman Chief
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Also called ‘Adigan’, or ‘Adiyamān’, or ‘Adiyan’. Ruled the tract in N. of Salem district and S Mysore with capital at Tagadūr, modern Dharmapuri. Very little is known about them.
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An early Chera king is said to have conquered the Adiyamān and taken Tagadūr. An Adiyan fought against the Pāndya king Nedunjadaiyan, in alliance with the Pallava and Kerala kings--when there were battles at Āyiraveli, Ayirūr, and Pugaliyūr Another Adiyan fought against the Chōla king.
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One of the Adigaimāns was named Elini alias Yavanikā. Another was Vagan, or Rājarāja, whose son was Vidugādalagiya-Perumāl, alias Vyāmukta-Śravanōjjvala (E. R. 1906, §34; E. I. VI, 331). He was subordinate to the Chōla king Kulottunga Chola III (1178-1216), and a contemporary of the Sengēni chief Ammaiyappan-Attimallan Sambuvarāya (1171-1210). He was alive in A.D. 1198-1200. He was called ‘Lord of Takata’ i. e. Tagadūr, and is said to have ruled over the three rivers, Pālār, Southern Pennār, and Kāvēri. He made compacts with the Sambuvarāya chief and with Karikāla Chola-Adaiyūr-Nādālvān—, that the three chiefs would keep the peace, and not (as was their previous custom) fight against one another (E. I. VI, 332; E. R. 3, 107, 115 of 1900). Elini or Yavanikā is said to have been of royal Chera birth.
Adil Shāhs of Bijāpūr
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Agha Murād or Amurāth II of Anatolia. 1. Abul Muzaffar Yusuf Ādil Shāh. Subordinate to the Bāhmanī sovereign. Defeated Immaḍi Narasimha of Vijayanagar in 1493, and plundered his country. 2. Ismāil Ādil independent, 1510-1534. Dau : (Md. Ahmad Shāh Bāhmanī). Dau : (Md. Burhān Nizām Shāh of Ahmadnagar). 3. Malū Ādil 1534-1535, deposed and blinded. 4. Ibrahim Ādil I A.D. 1535-1557 Dau : (Md. Alāu-d-dīn Imād Shāh of Birār). Ali Ādil I 5. 1557-1580. Murdered by an eunuch. 11th April, 1580. Tahmasp 6. Ibrāhīm Ādil II 1580-1626. Ismāil. 7. Muhammad Ādil 1626-1656, Revolt of Sivaji the Mahratta leader. Dau : (Md. Prince Dānyāl, son of the Mughal Emperor Akbar). 8. Ali Ādil II 1656-1672. He lost all the Konkan country to the Mahrattas. 9. Sikandar 1672-1686. An infant at his succession. Aurangzib seized Bijāpūr, September 12, 1686 and annexed the country.
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No. 7. Muhammad Ādil by 1654 had conquered part of S. India as far south as Tanjore. He seized Mysore and adjacent provinces from Ranga VI of Vijayanagar, c. 1645.
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AHMADNAGAR Rulers of—, See Nizam Shāhs.
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AHMADĀBĀD Rulers of—, See Barīd Shāhs.
Alupa, Alva, Aluva Princes
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A line of rulers from the 7th to the 11th centuries A.D., who had their headquarters at Paṭṭi-Pombuchcha, modern Humcha, in the Nagar Taluk of Shimoga District, Mysore State. Their tract is called in old records the ‘Āluvakhēḍa 6,000.’ It is mentioned as late as the 12th century in an inscription of the time of Hoysala Viṣṇuvardhana. Dr. Hultzsch states that the name is probably derived from the Dravidian Aḷ ‘to rule,’ e. g. Koṅgāḷvas, Chaṅgāḷvas, Nāḍāḷvas (See Mr. Krishna Sastri’s remarks in *Arch. Ann. Report* for 1907-08, *p.* 238. *n.* 4).
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Guṇasāgara ¹ Governed Kadamba-maṇḍala, or Banavāsi province in or before the reign of Chāḷukya Vinayāditya A.D. 680-697.
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¹ *E. C. VI*, Kp. 38.
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Chitravāhana II ² A.D. 692. Chitravāhana I ³ Time of Rāshṭrakūṭa Gōvinda III. Seized Udiyavāra in N. Kanara. Ousted by Raṇasāgara. Raṇasāgara ³ Driven out by Svētavāhana. Svētavāhana ³ Prithvīsāgara ⁴ ‘Udayāditya’, ‘Uttama Pāṇḍya.’ Vijayāditya Māramma ⁵ ‘Uttama Pāṇḍya.’ Kavi Aḷupēndra Bhujabala ⁶ Kuluśēkhara-Aḷupēndra A.D. 1205/6 Bankidēva Aḷupēndra Resided at Mangalore. A.D. 1302/3 Sōyidēva Aḷupēndra A.D. 1315/16, 1324/25
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² *E. I. IX*, 18-24; *E. C. VII*, Sb. 10.
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³ *E. I. IX* 19f., No. VII.
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⁴ *I. A. XIX*, 147; *E. C. VI*, Kp, 37.
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⁵ *E. I. IX*, 19f. Nos. IV, V.
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⁶ *E. R. 1901*, p. 5.
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AMARĀVATI CHIEFS, SEE KOTA CHIEFS
Andhra Kings
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Sātavāhana or Sātakarṇi kings. Originally chiefs of a tribe in the neighbourhood of the Vindhya hills. Aśōka's rock-edict XIII. c. B.C. 250 mentions them as ruling a country beyond his borders. Khārāvēla's inscription of 168 B.C. in the Hāthigumpha cave (I.A. 1920, p. 43, vol. XLII, 276, 281) says that the Āndhra kingdom lay to the West of Kalinga (See I. Ramadas's Monograph in I.A. April 1923). The ancient Kalinga kings were Jains. The Āndhras were Buddhists. The latter rose to great power on the decay of Aśōka's one time, about the second century B.C., extended almost all across India as far as Nasik. An inscription discovered as Kodavalu near Piṭhāpūr, Godavari district, shews that at least about A.D. 208 the Āndhras were ruling that country. The Amarāvati Stupa with its wonderful marble sculptures, the Gaṇṭupalle cave-group, and many Buddhist stupas about the Godavari and Kistna tracts were the work of the Āndhras. The relationship of successive kings to one another is not clearly known.
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The dates given here are taken from Vincent Smith's 'Early History of India', pp. 183 f., with which generally Dr. Barnett concurs (Antiquities of India).¹
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¹ The given dates are not all certain. The Matsya, Vāyu, and Brahma Purāṇas give lists of the kings, but differ here and there in their statements of lengths of reigns. Vincent Smith has attempted to reconcile them. Between Nos. 4 and 5 the Matsya Purāṇa interpolates 'Śrīvasvāti, alias Skandasthambi. No. 15 is omitted by Fergusson and Burgees.
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| | | | Approx. dates of accessions. |
| 1. | *Śimuka* (or, variously, Śisuka, Sipraka, Sindhuka) Sātakarṇi. 23 years | ... | B.C. 220 |
| 2. | *Kaṇha*, or *Kṛiṣhṇa*. Brother of No. 1, 18 years. His rule extended across India from the West of Kalinga to Nasik | ... | 197 |
| 3. | *Yajña-Śri Sātakarṇi*, or *Śrīmallakarṇi*, or *Śāntakarṇa*. 10 years. Defeated by Agnimitra of Magadha about 170, B.C (Dr. Barnett holds that the ultimate end was an Āndhra success). | ... | 179 |
| 4. | *Pūrṇōtsaṅga*. 18 years. The Kalinga king Khārāvēla's war in the West, 169, B.C. (I.A. 1920, p. 43). | ... | 169 |
| 5. | *Sātakarṇi*. 40 years | ... | 151 |
| 6. | *Lambodara*. 18 years | ... | 111 |
| 7. | *Apīṭaka*, or Apilaka, or Ivilaka. 12 years | ... | 93 |
| 8. | *Saṅgha*, or Mēghasvāti. 18 years | ... | 81 |
| 9. | *Sātakarṇi*, or Śātasvāti. 18 years | ... | 63 |
| 10. | *Skandasvāti*, or Skanda Sātakarṇi. 7 years | ... | 45 |
| 11. | *Mṛigēndra Sātakarṇi*, or Mahēndra. 3 years | ... | 38 |
| 12. | *Kuntala*, or Svātikarna. 8 years | ... | 35 |
| 13. | *Śata Sātakarṇi*, or Svātikarṇi, or Svātiśhēna. 1 year | ... | 27 |
| 14. | *Pulumāyi I*, or Pulōmāvi, or Paṭumāvi, or Paṭumat. 32 years. One of the three last slew Suśarman the last king of the Kaṇva dynasty of Magadha. 27 B.C. | ... | 26 |
| 15. | *Mēgha Sātakarṇi*. 33 years | ... | A.D. 6 |
| 16. | *Ariṣhṭa Sātakarṇi*, or Ariṣhṭakarṇi, or Nēmi Krishna or Gaura-Krishna, or Gorakṣhāśva Śri. 25 years | ... | 44 |
| 17. | *Hala*, or Hālēya, patron of scholars and poets. 5 years | ... | 71 |
| 18. | *Maṇḍalaka*, or Mantalaka, or Paṭalaka. 5 years | ... | 76 |
| 19. | *Purīndrasēna*, or Purīṣhasēna, or Pravīrasēna. 5 years | ... | 79 |
| 20. | *Sundara Sātakarṇi*. 1 year. Mentioned in the Periplus, The Greeks called him 'Sandanes.' He was in possession of Kalyāṇ. The Śaka Satraps seized some of the northern possessions of the Āndhras | ... | 84 |
| 21. | *Vilivāyakura I*, or Vāsiṣhṭhīputra, or Chakora, or Rājada Sātakarṇi. Six months | ... | 85 |
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22. *Śivālakura*, or Māḍharīputra Śakasēna, or Śivasvāti Śātakarṇi. *Md. Bālāśiri*. 28 years ... A.D. 85
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23. *Vilivāyakura II*, or Gautamīputra Śrī Śātakarṇi, 25 years. Drove out from his western dominions the Śakas, Yavanas and Pahlavas. His *Śaka* enemy, the Kṣatrapa Nahāpāṇa was killed about A.D. 124, and his kingdom annexed (*I.A. 1918, p. 149.*) But a little later the Āndhras were defeated by the Śaka king Caṣṭhana and lost all their territories north of the Narbadda river. Capital, Kolhapur, Ptolemy's 'Hippokoura.' (Dr. Barnett's date for his accession is A.D. 106) ... 113
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24. *Puḷumāyi II*, or Vāsiṣṭhīputra, or Puḷōmat, or Puḍumāyi called by Ptolemy 'Siro Polemaios.' 32 years. Married Dakṣamitrā, daughter of the Śaka Kṣatrapa Rudradāman I. Capital Paiṭhan. Lost to Rudradāman all his western dominions including Kāthiāwār, Kachch, Mālwa, the Konkan, etc., but not Poona or Nasik (Dr. Barnett's date for his accession is A.D. 131)... ... 138
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25. *Śivaśrī*, or Vāsiṣṭhīputra, or Avi-Śātakarṇi. 7 years. (Dr. Barnett places his accession about A.D. 163. He finds that he was living in A.D. 155) ... ... ... 170
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26. *Śivaskanda Śātakarṇi*, or Skandasvāti. 7 years. May be the same as Vāsiṣṭhīputra Candrasāti who, according to Dr. Barnett, was living in A.D. 165 ... ... ... 177
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27. *Yajña Śrī Gautamīputra*. 29 years. Recovered some lost territory; but Poona and Nasik were held by the Chuṭu-Śātakarṇis, a branch of the old royal family (*see below*) who were apparently tributary to the Śaka kings, and ruled at Baṇavāsi; so that his dominions were mostly confined to the Telugu districts and the eastern Dekhan country. ... ... ... 184
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28. *Vijaya-Śrī Śātakarṇi*. 6 years . . . . . 213
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29. *Vaḍa-Śrī*, or Candravijña, or Vāsiṣṭhīputra Candra-Śrī, Śātakarṇi. 10 years ... ... 219
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30. *Puḷumāyi III*, or Puḷomāvi or Puḷōmarchis. 7 years. The Dynasty came to a complete end about A.D. 236. The reason for its collapse is not well known. About the years A.D. 225 to 250 the Pallava king Bappa established a dynasty which ruled from the Kṛṣhṇa river to Kāñchī in the south, while the Kalinga kings held the country to N.-E. ... ... ... 229
Chuṭu Sātakarṇis or Chuṭu-Nāgas
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¹ Chuṭu = a crest, a cobra's hood, a similar name to 'Nāga.' (Prof. Krishnaswami Aiyangar's *Culture*, p. 139.)
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As already mentioned a branch of the Āndhra family established themselves at Banavāsi, Poona and Nasik and became independent about A.D. 200 or later, on the death of Yajña-Śrī Gautamīputra, being tributary to the Śaka Satraps. Only two kings' names are known.
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Hāritīputra-Viṣṇukaḍa Chuṭukulānanda-Śātakarṇi *c.* A.D. 200
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Hāritīputra-Śivaskanda *alias* Śivaskanda-Nāga-Śrī Skanda-Nāga Śātakarṇi Ruled at Baṇavāsi before its seizure by the early Kadambas.
Araviḍu—Family of—
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SEE UNDER VIJAYANAGAR KINGS.
Arcot—Navābs of—
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ANGLICE ‘NABOBS OF ARCOT,’ OR ‘OF THE CARNATIC.’
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1. *Zulfiqār Alī Khān* Created Navāb of the Karnāṭaka country by the Emperor Aurangzīb. A.D. 1690 or 1692–1703.
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2. *Dāūd Khān* Became friendly with the English. A.D. 1703–1710.
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*Agibatti Muhammad Khān*
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3. *Saādat-ullah Khān I.* ‘Muhammad Saiyyid’ created Navāb by the Emperor Bahādur Shāh 1710–1732.
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*Ghūlām Alī Khān* Made Jaghīrdār of Vellore by Saādat-ullāh-Khan.
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4. *Dost Alī Khān* 1732–1740. Adopted by No. 3. His Dewan was Chanda Sahib, who was disloyal and seized Trichinopoly and Madura 1736, 1738. Killed in battle at Dāmalcheruvu.
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*Baqir Alī* Governor of Vellore 1732.
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*Saādat-Alī*
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*Akbar Muhammad*
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*Ghūlām Murtazā Alī* (Md. Dostali’s dau.) Governor of Vellore.
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*Husain* Killed in battle at Dāmalcheruvu.
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5. *Safdar Alī* 1740–1742. Sided with the French. Murdered by Ghūlām Murtazā Alī.
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*Dau. Md. Ghūlām* *Murtazā Alī.*
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*Dau. Md. Taqī* *Sahib of Wandewash.*
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*Dau. Md. Chanda* *Sahib, alias Husain* *Dost Khān, who* *sided always with* *the French, who* *proclaimed him* *Navāb, 1749.*
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*Rājā Sāhib* { Proclaimed Navāb } { by the French, 1759. }
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6. *Saādat-ullāh Khān II.* { ‘Muhammad Saiyyid’ 1742–1744 } { Murdered by a Paṭhān. }
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*Sahib Jadda (Zāda)* (Murdered.)
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7. *Anwaru-d-dīn Muhammad.* Appointed Navāb by Nizām ul-Mulk, Subahdār of the Dekhan. Supported by the English, and opposed by the French who favoured Chanda Sahib. Killed in battle. 1744–1749.
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*Mahfuz Khān* Appointed Governor of Madura.
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8. *Muhammad Alī.* 1749–1795 ‘Navāb Walajah.’ ‘The Company’s Nabob.’
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*Abdul Rahīm.*
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*Abdul Wahāb.*
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*Najīb-ullāh.*
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9. *Umdat-ul-Umarā* 1795–1801.
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*Alī Hussain* Declined office.
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*Amīru-l-Umarā*
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10. *Azīm-ud-Daulah* 1801–1819. Resigned all power
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11. *Azam Jāh.* 1819–1825.
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12. *Azīm Jāh Bahādur* ‘Prince of Arcot’ 1867–1874.
Āy Kings of Malaināḍu
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SEE KERALA KINGS.
Bāhmani Dynasty
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1. *Alāu-d dīn Ḥasan-Gangū-Bāhmanī.* August 3, 1347–February 2, 1358. Rose to power under Muḥammad Tughlak of Delhi. Made Sultan. Capital Kulbarga.
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2. *Muḥammad I.* February 2, 1358–April 21, 1375. Attacked Bukka I of Vijayanagar.
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*Mahmud Khān*
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*Ahmad Khān*
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3. *Mujāhid* April 21, 1375– April 16, 1378. Assassinated.
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*Fath Khān*
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4. *Dāūd.* April 16–May 21, 1378. Assassinated.
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5. *Muḥammad II* (May 21, 1378–1397.)
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8. *Firūz* 1397–September 24, 1422.
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9. *Ahmad I* September 24, 1422–February 27, 1435.
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6. *Ghiyāsu-d-dīn* *Khan* 1397. Assassinated.
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7. *Shamsu-d-dīn* 1397. Deposed and blinded.
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*Hasan* *Khān.*
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*Mubārak* *Khān.*
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10. *Alāu-d-dīn II* Feb. 27, 1435–1458.
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*Muḥammad* *or Mahmūd* *Khān.*
c9.s2.t9.18
*Hasan Khān*
c9.s2.t9.19
*Yahya Khān*
c9.s2.t9.20
11. *Humāyūn* 1458–1461.
c9.s2.t9.21
12. *Nizām* 1461–1463.
c9.s2.t9.22
13. *Muḥammad III.* 1463–March 21, 1482. { 9 years old at accession. His minister was Khwāja Mahmūd Gawān, whom he murdered. }
c9.s2.t9.23
*Jamshid*
c9.s2.t9.24
14. *Mahmūd* March 21, 1482–1518 { Rebellion of the nobles. The kingdom broke up. }
c9.s2.t9.25
*Two daughters.*
c9.s2.t9.26
15. *Ahmad II*¹ 1518–1521.
c9.s2.t9.27
¹ The dates and names after 14 Mahmūd are as given by Firishta.
c9.s2.t9.28
16. *Alāu-d-dīn III* 1521–1523 assassinated.
c9.s2.t9.29
17. *Wali-Ullah* 1523–1525. Poisoned.
c9.s2.t9.30
18. *Kalīm-Ullah* 1525–1527.
c9.s2.t9.31
NOTE.—For information see *I. A.*, 1899, p. 119f.
Bāṇa Chiefs
c9.s2.t10.1
The Bāṇas were a very ancient family in the Chittoor and N. Arcot Districts. About A.D. 450 the then paramount Pallava king Simhavarman consecrated the first Ganga king for the express purpose of crushing the Bāṇas who had become unruly. The chronology of the Bāṇas is obscure and confusing. For comparison of the pedigrees put forward by different writers see Dr. Hultzsch's paper (E. I. xvii., p. 3.).¹ The following seems reasonable.
c9.s2.t10.2
¹ See also E. I. iii., 74 ; S.I.I., iii., 92 ; E. R. 1907, §. 45.
c9.s2.t10.3
A. D. 719-20. Vikramāditya-Bali-Indra, a vassal of the W. Chāḷukya king Vijayāditya (696-733). (E. R. 1921, p. 87.)
c9.s2.t10.4
A. D. 739. Vikramāditya governed the country 'West of the Telugu Road,' as vassal of the Pallava king Nandivarman II (717-779). (E. R. 1903-04, pp. 6, 12 ; S.I.I., iii. 43.)
c9.s2.t10.5
1. Nandivarman { or Jaya-Nandivarman. Ruled } { the land west of the Āndhra country. }
c9.s2.t10.6
2. Vijayāditya I
c9.s2.t10.7
3. Malladēva 'Jagadēkamalla'
c9.s2.t10.8
4. Vikramāditya I 'Jayamēru,' 'Bāṇavidyādhara,' Md. Kundavvai, dau. of the Ganga King Prithivipati I; and Mārikanimma. C. 872-890.
c9.s2.t10.9
5. Vijayāditya II. 'Vira Chuḷāmaṇi,' 'Prabhumēru.' Ruling in A.D. 898-99, 905-06, 909-10.²
c9.s2.t10.10
² E. I. iv., 224 ; S.I.I., ii., 389.
c9.s2.t10.11
6. Vikramāditya II. Heir apparent in A.D. 898.³
c9.s2.t10.12
³ See the Guḍimallam plates.
c9.s2.t10.13
7. Vijayāditya II 'Pugaḷvippavargaṇḍa.'
c9.s2.t10.14
8. Vikramāditya III. 'Vijaya-Bāhu.' 'Dear friend of Krishna Rāja,' i.e. the Rāshṭrakūṭa king Krishna III, or Kannara who reigned 937-38 to 965-66.
c9.s2.t10.15
Notes.—Vikramāditya I's accession date is derived from an inscription which mentions the year 'Vijaya' (A.D. 873-74) as being in the second year of Bāṇavidyādhara. He was ruling the country 'west of the Telugu Road' in the 24th year of Pallava Nripatunga, c. 878. Also in the 23rd year of Pallava Nandivarman III, i.e. in 852, when he may have ruled as Yuva-Rāja. About 870 he fought (as Yuva-Rāja) against the Rāshṭrakūṭa king Amōghavarsha I. About 878 he fought against Varaguṇa Pāṇḍya II. About 878 occurred the raid into the Puliṇāḍu, a Bāṇa tract, by the Noḷamba chief Mahēndra I who captured Koyatūr and burned the town of Permāvi. He was defeated by Vijayāditya II. About the same time was fought the battle of Soremati where the allied Bāṇas and Vaidumbas were opposed to the same Mahēndra I and the Ganga-king Rāchamalla. Many Viraklas testify to these events. (e.g. V. R. i. 175, 196, 243, 255 ; 306, 318 of 1912 ; 542, 571 of 1906 ; etc. ; E. C. x, Sp, 5,6.)
c9.s2.t10.16
About A. D. 915 the Bāṇas were completely defeated by Parāntaka Chōḷa I, and the country given to the Ganga king Prithivipati II.
c9.s2.t10.17
For later Bāṇas we have the following.—
c9.s2.t10.18
A. D. 1088-89, Chikkarasa, vassal of the W. Chāḷukya king. (566 of 1915.) A. D. 1123. Chittarasa, vassal of Vikramāditya VI. (356 of 1920.) A. D. 1275. A Mahābali-Bāṇa was vassal ("Piḷḷai") to Māravarman Kulaśēkhara Pāṇḍya I. A. D. 1453. Uraṅgāvillidāsan, ruling Madura. A. D. 1477. Tirumāliruñjōlai. Do. A. D. 1476. Sundarattōḷ-Uḍaiyār Do. A. D. 1499. Muttarasā-Tirumalai-Māvallvāṇa, also ruling Madura. A. D. 1517-18 Mahābali-Bāṇa Nāyakka in Ramnad District. (V. R. ii. Ram : 131 ; 113 of 1903.)
c9.s2.t10.19
BANAVĀSI,—SEE KADAMBAS OF
c9.s2.t10.20
BARĪD SHĀHI DYNASTY of BĪḌAR, or AHMADĀBĀD.
c9.s2.t10.21
1. *Kāsim Barīd I.* A. D. 1492–1504. Minister to the Bāhmanī Sultan Mahmūd II.
c9.s2.t10.22
2. *Amīr Barīd.* 1504–1549. Became independent 1527.
c9.s2.t10.23
3. *Alī Barīd.* 1549–1562, Lost most of his possessions to Burhān Shāh of Ahmadnagar.
c9.s2.t10.25
4. *Ibrāhīm Barīd.* 1562–1569. Amīr Barīd ruled from 1609.
c9.s2.t10.26
5. *Kāsim Barīd II* 1569–1572.
c9.s2.t10.27
6. *Mīrza alī Barīd.* 1572–1609. Deposed.
c9.s2.t10.28
BEDNŪR,—RĀJAS OF. See KEḶADI KINGS.
c9.s2.t10.29
BIJAPŪR,—RULES OF. See ĀDIL-SHĀHI,—DYNASTY OF
Burma—Some Kings of
c9.s2.t11.1
The following few dates are those of kings of Burma who came into contact with South India and Ceylon in the 11th and 12th centuries. (*Epigr. Burmanica*, i, pp. 3, 4; *Arch: Surv. of Burma Rep. for 1919-20.*)
c9.s2.t11.2
*Anorata.* A. D. 1044-1077. Sent a mission to Ceylon, begging for the Tooth-relic. Counter-mission from Ceylon. Trade by sea brisk between Burma, India, and China. Indians settling for trade in Burma, the Straits, Sumatra, etc.
c9.s2.t11.3
*Sawlu*, his son, A. D. 1077-1084.
c9.s2.t11.4
*Kyānzittha*, A. D. 1084-1112.
c9.s2.t11.5
*Alaungsithu*, or *Sithu*. A. D. 1112-1187. In 1180 Parākrama Bāhu of Ceylon sent a fleet to Burmah.
c9.s2.t11.6
*Narapati*,-Sithu. A. D. 1173-1210.
c9.s2.t11.7
In the 13th Century there was a large South-Indian community at Pāgān.
Ceylon,—Kings of
c9.s2.t12.1
*N.B.*—In the following list the dates set against the accessions of the kings from No. 1 Vijaya to No. 64 Dhātusēna are in the first column those based on the theory that the Nirvāna of Buddha occurred in B.C. 543, and in the second column those based on 483 B. C. as the date of that event.
c9.s2.t12.2
From No. 65 Kassapa II to 89 Hatthadāta the dates are still doubtful. In default of full information I have repeated the dates given in L. C. Wijesimha Mudaliār's list in his *Mahavamsa* (1889). Dr. Hultzsch informs me that he has as yet no suggestion to offer regarding them.
c9.s2.t12.3
From No. 90 Mānavamma to 135 Sahāsamalla we are on safe ground, the date, A. D. 1200, for the latter being 'absolutely certain' (*Dr. Hultzsch in J. R. A. S. 1913, p. 518*). With this dictum Mr. Wijesinha Mudaliar concurs.
c9.s2.t12.4.483
| No. | | | | | | | Date of accession |
| | | | | | | | Older computation | Recent computation |
| 1 | Vijaya | ... | ... | ... | ... | B.C. | 543 | 483 |
c9.s2.t12.4.445
| 2 | Upatissa I. Regent | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 505 | 445 |
c9.s2.t12.4.444
| 3 | Pāṇḍu-Vāsudēva | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 504 | 444 |
c9.s2.t12.4.414
| 4 | Abhaya | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 474 | 414 |
c9.s2.t12.4.394
| | *Interregnum* | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 454 | 394 |
c9.s2.t12.4.377
| 5 | Pāṇḍukābhaya | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 437 | 377 |
c9.s2.t12.4.307
| 6 | Muṭasīva | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 367 | 307 |
c9.s2.t12.4.247
| 7 | Dēvānāmpiya-Tissa | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 307 | 247 |
c9.s2.t12.4.207
| 8 | Uttiya | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 267 | 207 |
c9.s2.t12.4.197
| 9 | Mahāsīva | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 257 | 197 |
c9.s2.t12.4.187
| 10 | Sūra Tissa | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 247 | 187 |
c9.s2.t12.4.177
| 11 | Sōna and Guttika (foreign usurpers) | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 237 | 177 |
c9.s2.t12.4.155
| 12 | Asēla | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 215 | 155 |
c9.s2.t12.4.145
| 13 | Eḷāra (a Tamil usurper) | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 205 | 145 |
c9.s2.t12.4.101
| 14 | Duṭṭhagāmaṇi, or Duṭugemuṇu | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 161 | 101 |
c9.s2.t12.4.77
| 15 | Saddhā-Tissa | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 137 | 77 |
c9.s2.t12.4.59
| 16 | Thuḷḷatthana, or Tuḷuna | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 119 | 59 |
c9.s2.t12.4.59_2
| 17 | Lajji-Tissa, or Ladē-Tissa | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 119 | 59 |
c9.s2.t12.4.49
| 18 | Khaḷḷāta-Nāga | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 109 | 49 |
c9.s2.t12.4.44
| 19 | Vaṭṭagāmaṇi Abhaya, or Valagam-Bāhu | ... | ,, | 104 | 44 |
c9.s2.t12.4.43
| 20 | Puḷahattha | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 103 | 43 |
c9.s2.t12.4.40
| | Bāhiya | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 100 | 40 |
c9.s2.t12.4.38
| | Panayamāra | (Tamil usurpers) | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 98 | 38 |
c9.s2.t12.4.31
| | Pilayamāra | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 91 | 31 |
c9.s2.t12.4.30
| | Dāthiya I | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 90 | 30 |
c9.s2.t12.4.28
| 21 | Vaṭṭagāmaṇi Abhaya, or Valagam-Bāhu (reinstated) | ,, | 88 | 28 |
c9.s2.t12.4.16
| 22 | Mahāchūḷa Mahātissa, or Mahāsilu Mahātissa | ,, | 76 | 16 |
c9.s2.t12.4.2
| 23 | Chora-Nāga | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 62 | 2 |
c9.s2.t12.4.12
| 24 | Tissa, or Kuḍā Tissa | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 50 | A.D. 9 |
| 25 | Anuḷā | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 47 | 12 |
c9.s2.t12.4.69
| 26 | Makaḷan Tissa, or Kāḷakanni Tissa | ... | ... | ,, | 42 | ,, 16 or 17 |
| 27 | Bhātikābhaya | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 20 | ,, 38 or 36 |
| 28 | Mahādāthiya Mahānāga I, or Mahā Deliyā | ... | A.D. | 9 | 69 |
c9.s2.t12.4.81
| 29 | Āmandagāmaṇi Abhaya | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 21 | 81 |
c9.s2.t12.4.90
| 30 | Kanijānu Tissa | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 30 | 90 |
c9.s2.t12.4.93
| 31 | Chūḷābhaya Tissa, or Kuḍā Abā | ... | ... | ,, | 33 | 93 |
c9.s2.t12.4.95
| 32 | Śivali | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 35 | 95 |
c9.s2.t12.4.98
| | *Interregnum of three years* | ... | ... | ... | ... | | | |
| 33 | Iḷanāga, or Eḷuṇā | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 38 | 98 |
c9.s2.t12.4.104
| 34 | Chandamukha Śiva, or Sandamuhunu | ... | ,, | 44 | 104 |
c9.s2.t12.4.112
| 35 | Yaśalālaka Tissa | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 52 | 112 |
c9.s2.t12.4.120
| 36 | Subha Rājā | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 60 | 120 |
c9.s2.t12.4.126
| 37 | Vasabha, or Vahap | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 66 | 126 |
c9.s2.t12.4.170
| 38 | Vankanāsika Tissa | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 110 | 170 |
c9.s2.t12.4.201
| 39 | Gajabāhu I | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 113 | 173¹ |
| 40 | Mahāllaka Nāga, or Mahālu Nāga | ... | ... | ,, | 135 | 195² |
| 41 | Bhātiya, or Bhātika II | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 141 | 201 |
c9.s2.t12.4.255
| 42 | Kanittha Tissa, or Kanitu Tissa | ... | ... | ,, | 165 | 225² |
| 43 | Chūḷa Nāga, or Sūḷu Nāga | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 193 | 253² |
| 44 | Kuḍḍā Nāga | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 195 | 255 |
c9.s2.t12.4.256
| 45 | Siri Nāga I | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 196 | 256 |
c9.s2.t12.4.275
| 46 | Vohāraka Tissa | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 215 | 275 |
c9.s2.t12.4.297
| 47 | Abhaya Tissa | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 237 | 297 |
c9.s2.t12.4.305
| 48 | Siri Nāga II | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 245 | 305 |
c9.s2.t12.4.307_2
| 49 | Vijaya II, or Vijayindu | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 247 | 307 |
c9.s2.t12.4.308
| 50 | Sangha Tissa I | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 248 | 308 |
c9.s2.t12.4.312
| 51 | Siri Sanghabōdhi I, or Daham Siri Sanghabō | ,, | 252 | 312 |
c9.s2.t12.4.314
| 52 | Gothābhaya, or Meghavaṇṇābhaya | ... | ... | ,, | 254 | 314 |
c9.s2.t12.4.327
| 53 | Jeṭṭha Tissa I, or Deṭu Tis I | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 267 | 327 |
c9.s2.t12.4.p52
| 54 | Mahāsēna, or Mahāsen | ... | ... | ... | ... | ,, | 277 | 337³ |
| 55 | Kitti Siri Meghavaṇṇa, or Kit-Siri-Mēvan, (He sent an embassy to | | | | | | | |
| | Samudragupta) | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 304 | 364² |
c9.s2.t12.5
¹ Wickremasinghe's dates (*Arch. Sur. of Ceylon I*, 216) slightly differ. For No. 39 he gives the accession date, A.D. 177. Geiger says A.D. 171.
c9.s2.t12.6
² Wickremasinghe's date for No. 40 is A.D. 199 | for No. 54 ... | ... | ... | A.D. 331 Do. | for No. 42 do. 229 | for No. 55 ... | ... | ... | ,, 358 Do. | for No. 43 do. 247 | for No. 64 ... | ... | ... | 517
c9.s2.t12.7
| No. | | | | | Date of accession |
| | | | | | Older computation | Recent computation |
| 56 | Jeṭṭha Tissa II, or Detu Tis II ... | ... | ... | A.D. | 332 | 392 |
| 57 | Buddhadāsa, or Bujas ... | ... | ... | ” | 341 | 401 |
| 58 | Upatissa II ... | ... | ... | ” | 370 | 430 |
| 59 | Mahānāma ... | ... | ... | ” | 412 | 472 |
| 60 | Soṭṭhi Sēna ... | ... | ... | ” | 434 | 494 |
| 61 | Chaṭṭagāhaka ... | ... | ... | ” | 434 | 494 |
| 62 | Mitta Sēna ... | ... | ... | ” | 435 | 495 |
| 63 | Pāṇḍu ... | ... | ... | ” | 436 | 496 |
| | Pārinda ... | ... | ... | ” | 441 | 501 |
| | Khuḍḍa Pārinda | Tamil usurpers | ... | ” | 444 | 504 |
| | Tiṛitara ... | ... | ... | ” | 460 | 520 |
| | Dāṭhiya II ... | ... | ... | ” | 460 | 520 |
| | Piṭhiya ... | ... | ... | ” | 463 | 523 |
| 64 | Dhātusēna, or Dāsenkeliya ... | ... | ... | ” | 463 | 523¹ |
c9.s2.t12.8
¹ See foot-note 2, p. 330.
c9.s2.t12.9
Dates from this point to No. 90 are doubtful. They are based on 543 B.C. for Buddha's nirvāṇa. Dr. Hultzsch's date for No. 86 is practically certain.
c9.s2.t12.10
| 65 | Kaśśapa I, Kāśyappa, or Sigiri Kasub, or Kasup ... | ... | ... | ” | 479 | |
| 66 | Moggalana I, or Mugalan ... | ... | ... | ” | 497 | |
| 67 | Kumāra Dhātusēna II, or Kumāradāsa ... | ... | ... | ” | 515 | |
| 68 | Kittisēna, or Kirtisēna, or Kitsen ... | ... | ... | ” | 524 | |
| 69 | Śiva, or Mēdi Śivu ... | ... | ... | ” | 524 | |
| 70 | Upatissa III, or Lēmēni Upatissa ... | ... | ... | ” | 525 | |
| 71 | Amba Sāmanēra Śilākāla, or Ambaherana Salamevan ... | ... | ... | ” | 526 | |
| 72 | Dāṭhappabhuti, or Dāpulu Sen I ... | ... | ... | ” | 539 | |
| 73 | Chūḷa Moggalāna II, or Sūlu Mugalan ... | ... | ... | ” | 540 | |
| 74 | Kittiśiri Mēghavaṇṇa II, or Kuḍā Kitsiri Mēvan ... | ... | ... | ” | 560 | |
| 75 | Mahānāga II, or Sēnevi ... | ... | ... | ” | 561 | |
| 76 | Aggabōdhi I, or Agrabōdhi, or Agbō, or Akbō ... | ... | ... | ” | 564 | |
| 77 | Aggabōdhi II, or Kuḍā Akbō ... | ... | ... | ” | 598 | |
| 78 | Sanghatissa, or Asiggāhaka Sanghatissa ... | ... | ... | ” | 608 | |
| 79 | Dalla Moggalāna, or Dala Mugalan, or Lēmēni Bōnā, or Lēmēni Singā ... | ... | ... | ” | 608 | |
| 80 | Śilāmēghavaṇṇa I, or Asiggāhaka, or Asiggrāhaka Śilāmēgha ... | ... | ... | ” | 614² | 670-79² |
| 81A | Aggabōdhi III, or Śirisanghabōdhi II, or Agrabōdhi, or Akbō, or Śirisangabō ... | ... | ... | ” | 623² | |
| 82 | Jeṭṭhatissa, or Lēmēni Katusara, or Deṭutissa ... | ... | ... | ” | 623 | |
| 81B | Aggabōdhi III (etc., as above) recovered the kingdom ... | ... | ... | ” | 624 | |
| 83 | Dāṭhōpatissa I, or Dalapatissa ... | ... | ... | ” | 640 | |
| 84 | Kaśśapa II, or Kāśyappa, or Pēsulu Kasub, or Kasap ... | ... | ... | ” | 652 | |
| 85 | Dappula I, or Dāpulu ... | ... | ... | ” | 661 | |
| 86 | Haṭṭhadātha I, or Dāṭhōpatissa II, or Lēmēni Dalapatissa ... | ... | ... | ” | 664 | 640 |
| 87 | Aggabōdhi IV, or Śirisanghabōdhi, or Agrabōdhi, or Akbō ... | ... | ... | ” | 673 | |
| 88 | Datta, or Valpiti Datta ... | ... | ... | ” | 689 | |
| 89 | Unhanāgara Haṭṭhadātha II, or Hunannaru Riyanandala³ killed in battle with No. 90 Mānavamma ... | ... | ... | ” | 691 | 667-78 |
c9.s2.t12.11
² Wickremasinghe (Arch. Sur. of Ceylon, I, 217) fixes the accession of No. 80 in A.D. 670 and his death in 679, when No. 81A Aggabōdhi III came to the throne. His dates for later kings down to No. 134 vary similarly from those entered here.
c9.s2.t12.12
³ Dr. Hultzsch (J.R.A.S., 1913, p. 528) has conclusively fixed the date of accession of No. 90 as in A.D. 668. Since No. 89 only reigned for six months when he was killed it follows that his accession must have taken place in A.D. 667-68, and that the dates of accessions from No. 65 to 89 require correction.
c9.s2.t12.13
Dates from this point down to A.D. 1200 are given first according to computation and secondly according to Dr. Hultzsch, J.R.A.S., 1913, pp. 518 f.
c9.s2.t12.14
| 90 | Mānavamma. Fled to Kāñchī in reign of No. 86 Dāṭhōpatissa II about A.D. 641, and took refuge with Narasimha Pallava, whom in 642 he aided in his war with the W. Chālukya king Pulakēśin II; with Pallava support he twice invaded Ceylon. The first attempt proving unsuccessful he remained with king Narasimha during the reigns of Nos. 86-89. His second expedition was successful, he was killed, and Mānavamma became King of Ceylon | (Wijesimha) | (Hultzsch) | | 691 | 668 |
| 91 | Aggabōdhi V, or Agrabōdhi, or Akbō ... | ... | ... | ” | 726 | 703 |
| 92 | Kaśśapa III, or Kāśyappa, or Kasub, or Sūlu Kasub ... | ... | ... | ” | 732 | 709 |
| 93 | Mahinda I, or Mihindu ... | ... | ... | ” | 738 | 715 |
| 94 | Aggabōdhi VI, Śilāmēgha II, or Agrabōdhi, or Akbō Salamevan ... | ... | ... | ” | 741 | 718 |
| 95 | Aggabōdhi VII, or Agrabōdhi, or Kuḍā Akbō, or Dēvēni Kuḍā Akbō ... | ... | ... | ” | 781 | 758 |
| 96 | Mahinda II, or Śilāmēgha III, or Salamēvan Mihindu ... | ... | ... | ” | 787 | 764 |
| 97 | Dappula II, or Dāpula ... | ... | ... | ” | 807 | 784 |
c9.s2.t12.15
| No. | | Date of accession |
| | | Older computation | Recent computation |
| 98 | Mahinda III, or Dhammika Sīlāmegha IV, or Dhārmika Sīlāmegha, or Akbō Salamēvan Mihindu | A.D. 812 | 789 |
| 99 | Aggabōdhi VIII, or Medi Akbō | ,, 816 | 793 |
| 100 | Dappula III or Dāpulu, or Kudā Dāpulu | ,, 827 | 804 |
| 101 | Aggabōdhi IX | ,, 843 | 820 |
| 102 | Sēna I, or Sīlāmēgha Sēna, or Salamēvan Sen, or Sīlāmēghavaṛṇa V | ,, 846 | 823 |
| 103 | Sēna II | ,, 866 | 843 |
| 104 | Udaya I | ,, 901 | 878 |
| 105 | Kaśśapa IV, or Kaśyapa, or Kasup | ,, 912 | 889 |
| 106 | Kaśśapa V. Sent an expedition, which proved unsuccessful, to support the Pāṇḍya King of Madura, Rājasimha III, against the Chōla King Parāntaka I | ,, 929 | 906 |
| 107 | Dappula IV, or Dāpulu | ,, 939 | 916 |
| 108 | Dappula V, or Kudā Dāpulu. In his reign the Pāṇḍya King of Madura left his crown and the ‘necklace of Indra’ in Ceylon (Mahāwamsa liii, vv. 4-9.) | ,, 940 | 917 |
| 109 | Udaya II, or Udā | ,, 952 | 929 |
c9.s2.t12.16
| No. | | Date of accession |
| | | Wijesimha | Hultzsch |
| 110 | Sēna III | A.D. 955 | 932 |
| 111 | Udaya III. In or about A.D. 943 during this king's reign Parāntaka Chōla I invaded Ceylon, and gained possession of the Pāṇḍya royal jewels; but in a subsequent expedition into Chōla territory the Singhalese recovered them | ,, 964 | 941 |
| 112 | Sēna IV | ,, 972 | 949 |
| 113 | Mahinda IV | ,, 975 | 952 |
| 114 | Sēna V | ,, 991 | 968 |
| 115 | Mahinda V. Some time between A.D. 1001 and 1004 Rājarāja Chōla I invaded Ceylon. In 1013-14 Mahindu was captured by the Chōla army of Rājendra I and sent to India. This was in Mahindu's 36th year. Rājendra seized the Pāṇḍya crown jewels and the ‘necklace of Indra,’ which had been left in Ceylon by the Pāṇḍya king in the reign of Dappula V. Mahindu died after twelve years captivity at the Chōla court. | ,, 1001 | 978 |
| 116 | Vikrama Bahu, alias Kaśśapa. He had little power | ,, 1037 | 1026 |
| 117 | Kitti or Kirti. A general. Usurper. Only reigned 8 days | ,, 1049 | 1038 |
| 118 | Mahālāna Kitti or Kirti. Usurper | ,, 1049 | 1038 |
| 119 | Vikkama Paṇḍu, or Vikrama. Usurper. A Pāṇḍya prince. Killed in battle in A.D. 1042 when Rājadhirāja Chōla I invaded Ceylon | ,, 1052 | 1041 |
| 120 | Jagatipāla. Usurper. Perhaps also called ‘Vira Salamēgha. The Manimangalam inscription of Rājadhirāja Chōla I's 29th year (A.D. 1046) states that the Chōla king slew ‘Vira Salamēgha’ and Śrī-Vallabha Madanarāja, kings of Ceylon, and Mānābharaṇa, and decapitated Vikrama Bāhu (No. 116) and Vikrama Paṇḍu (No. 119). Chōla records say that Vira Salamēgha had come originally from Ayōdhya and the Mahāwamsa calls Jagatipāla ‘An Aryan of the race of Rāma.’ (S.I.I. iii. 52). | ,, 1053 | 1042 |
| 121 | Parākkama, Usurper. Son of the Pāṇḍya king. He was killed by the Chollans (Mahāwamsa, ch. lvi.) | ,, 1057 | 1046 |
| 122 | Lōka, or Lōkissara. Usurper | ,, 1059 | 1048 |
| 123 | Vijaya-Bāhu, alias Śirisaṅghabōdhi, or Vijaya Bahu, or Mahalu Vijaya Bāhu. Grandson (?) of No. 115 Mahindu V, or in some way related. Between 1052 and 1055 Rājendradēva Chōla invaded Ceylon and slew another Vira Salamēgha and another Mānābharaṇa. (See above under No. 120). The former was a prince of Kalinga; the latter was ‘King of Ceylon.’ Vijaya Bāhu in A.D. 1073 drove out the Chōla forces and occupied Anuradhapura (Epig. Zeilanica, ii. 207) | ,, 1065 | 1054 |
| 124 | Jaya Bāhu I. Brother of the last king. Ousted by No. 125. Lived retired | ,, 1120 | 1109 |
| 125 | Vikkama Bāhu I, or Vikrama-Md. Sundara Mahādēvi | ,, 1121 | 1110 |
c9.s2.t12.17
| No. | | Date of accession | |
| | | Wijesimha | Hultzsch |
| | | 1142 | 1131 |
| 126 | Gaja Bāhu II, son of No. 125 Vikkama-Bāhu ... ... ... | ,, | |
| 127 | Parakkama Bāhu I, surnamed 'The Great.' He sent a large force under his general Laṅkāpura to invade the Pāṇḍya country, over the whole of which and in South India generally there was prolonged warfare. The invasion took place, apparently, shortly before A.D. 1167 . . . . . | ,, | 1164 1197 |
| 128 | Vijaya Bāhu II, son of No. 126 Gajabāhu II ... ... ... | ,, | 1186 1187 |
| 129 | Mahinda VI. Usurper. Assassinated . . . . . | ,, | 1187 |
| 130 | Kitti Niśśaṅka, or Kīrtti Niśśaṅka Malla, a Prince of Kaliṅga ... | ,, | 1196 |
| 131 | Vīra Bāhu I . . . . . | ,, | 1196 |
| 132 | Vikkama Bāhu II, or Vikrama— . . . . . | ,, | 1196 |
| 133 | Chōḍa-Gaṅga . . . . . | ,, | 1197 |
| 134 | Līlāvatī, Widow of No. 127, Parākkama Bāhu I ... ... | ,, | |
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Linked texts (10)
- Brahmapurāṇa — Vyāsa, Sanskrit
- Vāyupurāṇa — Vyāsa, Sanskrit
- Matsyapurāṇa — Vyāsa, Sanskrit
- Epigraphia Indica
- Mahāvaṃsa — Pāli
- Indian Antiquary
- Epigraphia Carnatica
- South Indian Inscriptions
- Siyamangalam cave inscription of Vijaya-Nandivikramavarman — Tamil
- Inscription at Tirumalai near Polur (ed. Hultzsch 1901) — Tamil