Atharvaveda 10.8
Atharvavedasaṃhitā 10.8
- Language
- Sanskrit
10.8.1
yó bhūtáṃ ca bhávyaṃ ca sárvaṃ yáś cādhitíṣṭhati |
sv àryásya ca kévalaṃ tásmai jyeṣṭhā́ya bráhmaṇe námaḥ ||1||
He who is set over both what is and what is to be and everything, and whose alone is the heaven—to that chief bráhman be homage.
10.8.2
skambhénemé víṣṭabhite dyáuś ca bhū́miś ca tiṣṭhataḥ |
skambhá idáṃ sárvam ātmanvád yát prāṇán nimiṣác ca yát ||2||
By the skambhá these two stand fixed apart, both sky and earth; in the skambhá [is] all this that has soul, what [is] breathing and what winking.
10.8.3
tisró ha prajā́ atyāyám āyan ny ànyā́ arkám abhíto 'viśanta |
br̥hán ha tasthau rájaso vimā́no hárito háriṇīr ā́ viveśa ||3||
Three offspring (prajā́) went an over-going; others settled (ni-viç) about the sun (? arká); great stood the traverser (vimā́na) of space (rájas); the yellow one (m.) entered into the yellow ones (f.).
10.8.4
dvā́daśa pradháyaś cakrám ékaṃ trī́ṇi nábhyāni ká u tác ciketa |
tátrā́hatās trī́ṇi śatā́ni śaṅkávaḥ ṣaṣṭíś ca khī́lā ávicācalā yé ||4||
Twelve fellies, one wheel, three naves—who understands that? therein are inserted (ā́hata) three hundred and sixty pins (çan̄kú), pegs (? khī́la) that are immovable.
10.8.5
idáṃ savitar ví jānīhi ṣáḍ yamā́ éka ekajáḥ |
tásmin hāpitvám ichante yá eṣām éka ekajáḥ ||5||
This, O Savitar, do thou distinguish: six [are] twins, one [is] sole-born; they seek participation (apitvá) in him who of them is the sole sole-born.
10.8.6
āvíḥ sán níhitaṃ gúhā járan nā́ma mahát padám |
tátredáṃ sárvam ā́rpitam éjat prāṇát prátiṣṭhitam ||6||
Being manifest (āvís), [it is] deposited in secret; the great track (padá), "aged" (járat) by name; there is set (ā́rpita) this all, [there is] established what stirs, what breathes.
10.8.7
ékacakraṃ vartata ékanemi sahásrākṣaraṃ prá puró ní paścā |
ardhéna víśvaṃ bhúvanaṃ jajā́na yád asyārdháṃ kvà tád babhūva ||7||
One-wheeled it rolls, one-rimmed, thousand-syllabled, forth in front, down behind; with a half it has generated all existence; what its [other] half is—what has become of that?
10.8.8
pañcavāhī́ vahatyágram eṣāṃ práṣṭayo yuktā́ anusáṃvahanti |
áyātam asya dadr̥śé ná yātáṃ páraṃ nédīyó 'varaṃ dávīyaḥ ||8||
One carrying five carries the summit (ágra) of them; side-horses, harnessed, carry also along; what is not gone of it was seen, not what is gone; the higher thing [is] closer, the lower more distant.
10.8.9
tiryágbilaś camasá ūrdhvábudhnas tásmin yáśo níhitaṃ viśvárūpam |
tád āsata ŕ̥ṣayaḥ saptá sākáṃ yé asyá gopā́ maható babhūvúḥ ||9||
A bowl (camasá) with orifice sideways, bottom-side up—in it is deposited glory of all forms; there sit together the seven seers, who have become the keepers of it, the great one.
10.8.10
yā́ purástād yujyáte yā́ ca paścā́d yā́ viśváto yujyáte yā́ ca sarvátaḥ |
yáyā yajñáḥ prā́ṅ tāyáte tā́ṃ tvā pr̥chāmi katamā́ sā́ r̥cā́m ||10||
The one which is applied (yuj) in front and which behind, which is applied in all cases and which in every case, by which the sacrifice is extended forward—that I ask of thee: which one of the verses is it?
10.8.11
yád éjati pátati yác ca tíṣṭhati prāṇád áprāṇan nimiṣác ca yád bhúvat |
tád dādhāra pr̥thivī́ṃ viśvárūpaṃ tát saṃbhū́ya bhavaty ékam evá ||11||
What stirs, flies, and what stands, and what is breathing, not breathing, winking—that, all-formed, sustains the earth; that, combining, becomes one only.
10.8.12
anantáṃ vítataṃ purutrā́nantám ántavac cā sámante |
té nākapāláś carati vicinván vidvā́n bhūtám utá bhávyam asya ||12||
What is endless, stretched out on many sides; what is endless, and what has an end, ending together—these (two) the lord of the firmament keeps (car) separating (vi-ci), knowing what is and what shall be of it.
10.8.13
prajā́patiś carati gárbhe antár ádr̥śyamāno bahudhā́ ví jāyate |
ardhéna víśvaṃ bhúvanaṃ jajā́na yád asyārdháṃ katamáḥ sá ketúḥ ||13||
Prajāpati goes about (car) within the womb; not being seen, he is manifoldly born (vi-jā); with a half he has generated all existence; what his [other] half is—which sign is that?
10.8.14
ūrdhváṃ bhárantam udakáṃ kumbhénevodahāryàm |
páśyanti sárve cákṣuṣā ná sárve mánasā viduḥ ||14||
Him bearing water aloft, as a water-bearer (f.) with a vessel (kumbhá), all see with the eye, not all know with the mind.
10.8.15
dūré pūrṇéna vasati dūrá ūnéna hīyate |
mahád yakṣáṃ bhúvanasya mádhye tásmai balíṃ rāṣṭrabhŕ̥to bharanti ||15||
In the distance it dwells with the full one, in the distance it is abandoned by the deficient one—the great monster (yakṣá) in the midst of existence; to it the kingdom-bearers bear tribute.
10.8.16
yátaḥ sū́ryaḥ udéty ástaṃ yátra ca gáchati |
tád evá manye 'háṃ jyeṣṭháṃ tád u nā́ty eti kíṃ caná ||16||
Whence the sun arises, and where he goes to rest—that same I think the chief (jyeṣṭhá); that nothing whatever surpasses.
10.8.17
yé arvā́ṅ mádhya utá vā purāṇáṃ védaṃ vidvā́ṃsam abhíto vádanti |
ādityám evá té pári vadanti sárve agníṃ dvitī́yaṃ trivŕ̥taṃ ca haṃsám ||17||
They who hitherward, in the middle, or also anciently, speak round about him who knows the Veda, they all speak around the sun (ādityá), Agni [as] second, and the threefold swan (haṅsá).
10.8.18
sahasrāhṇyáṃ víyatāv asya pakṣáu hárer haṃsásya pátataḥ svargám |
sá devā́nt sárvān úrasy upadádya saṃpáśyan yāti bhúvanāni víśvā ||18||
A thousand days' journey [are] expanded (vi-yam) the wings of him, of the yellow swan flying to heaven (svargá); he, putting all the gods in his breast, goes, viewing together all existences.
10.8.19
satyénordhvás tapati bráhmaṇārvā́ṅ ví paśyati |
prāṇéna tiryáṅ prā́ṇati yásmin jyeṣṭhám ádhi śritám ||19||
By truth he burns aloft; by bráhman he looks abroad hitherward, by breath he breathes crosswise—he on whom rests (çritá) the chief thing.
10.8.20
yó vái té vidyā́d aráṇī yā́bhyāṃ nirmathyáte vásu |
sá vidvā́n jyeṣṭháṃ manyeta sá vidyād brā́hmaṇaṃ mahát ||20||
Whoever indeed knows those two churning-sticks, with which is churned out what is good (vásu), he may think himself to know the chief thing; he may know the great bráhmaṇa ⌊neut.⌋.
10.8.21
apā́d ágre sám abhavat só ágre svàr ā́bharat |
cátuṣpād bhūtvā́ bhógyaḥ sárvam ā́datta bhójanam ||21||
Footless came he into being in the beginning; he in the beginning brought the heaven (svàr); having become four-footed, enjoyable, he took to himself all enjoyment (bhójana),
10.8.22
bhógyo bhavad átho ánnam adad bahú |
yó devám uttarā́vantam upā́sātai sanātánam ||22||
Enjoyable shall he become, likewise shall he eat much food, who shall worship (upa-ās) the everlasting god who gives superiority (uttarā́vant).
10.8.23
sanātánam enam āhur utā́dyá syāt púnarṇavaḥ |
ahorātré prá jāyete anyó anyásya rūpáyoḥ ||23||
Everlasting they call him, also may he be at present ever-renewed; day and night are generated (pra-jā) in each other's forms.
10.8.24
śatáṃ sahásram ayútaṃ nyàrbudam asaṃkhyeyáṃ svám asmin níviṣṭam |
tád asya ghnanty abhipáśyata evá tásmād devó rocat eṣá etát ||24||
A hundred, a thousand, a myriad, a hundred million, an innumerable [number], is his own entered into him; that of him they slay, even as he looks on; therefore this god shines (ruc) thus.
10.8.25
bā́lād ékam aṇīyaskám utáikaṃ néva dr̥śyate |
tátaḥ páriṣvajīyasī devátā sā́ máma priyā́ ||25||
One thing is more minute (áṇu) than a child (bā́la), also one is hardly (né ’va) seen; than that a more embracing deity, is she dear to me.
10.8.26
iyáṃ kalyāṇy àjárā mártyasyāmŕ̥tā gr̥hé |
yásmai kr̥tā́ śáye sá yáś cakā́ra jajā́ra sáḥ ||26||
This beautiful one (f.) [is] unaging, an immortal in the house of a mortal; for whom she [was] made, he lies; he who made [her] grew old.
10.8.27
tváṃ strī́ tváṃ púmān asi tváṃ kumārá utá vā kumārī́||
tváṃ jīrṇó daṇḍéna vañcasi tváṃ jātó bhavasi viśvátomukhaḥ ||27||
Thou art woman, thou [art] man, thou boy, or also girl; thou, when aged, totterest (vañc) with a staff; thou, when born, becomest facing all ways.
10.8.28
utáiṣāṃ pitótá vā putrá eṣām utáiṣāṃ jyeṣṭhá utá vā kaniṣṭháḥ |
éko ha devó mánasi práviṣṭaḥ prathamó jātáḥ sá u gárbhe antáḥ ||28||
Both their father, or also their son; both the chief or also the meanest (kaniṣṭhá) of them; the one god, who has entered into the mind, born the first, and he within the womb.
10.8.29
pūrṇā́t pūrṇám úd acati pūrṇáṃ pūrṇéna sicyate |
utó tád adyá vidyāma yátas tát pariṣicyáte ||29||
The full from the full he bends up (ud-ac); the full is poured with the full; also that may we know today, whence that is poured out.
10.8.30
eṣā́ sanátnī sánam evá jātáiṣā́ purāṇī́ pári sárvaṃ babhūva |
mahī́ devy ùṣáso vibhātī́ sáikenaikena miṣatā́ ví caṣṭe ||30||
She, everlasting, born indeed of old, she, ancient, encompassed (pari-bhū) all; the great goddess of the dawn, shining forth, she looks forth by every one who winks.
10.8.31
ávir vái nā́ma devátarténāste párīvr̥tā |
tásyā rūpéṇemé vr̥kṣā́ háritā háritasrajaḥ ||31||
The deity, Avi by name, sits enveloped with right; by her form these trees [are] green, green-garlanded.
10.8.32
ánti sántaṃ ná jahāty ánti sántaṃ ná paśyati |
devásya paśya kā́vyaṃ ná mamāra ná jīryati ||32||
Him that is near by he (?) deserts not; him that is near by he (?) sees not; see the wisdom (kā́vya) of the god: he died not, he grows not old.
10.8.33
apūrvéṇeṣitā́ vā́cas tā́ vadanti yathāyathám |
vádantīr yátra gáchanti tád āhur brā́hmaṇaṃ mahát ||33||
The voices sent forth by the unpreceded one—they speak as they should (yathāyathám); where they go speaking, that [people] call the great brā́hmaṇa ⌊n.⌋.
10.8.34
yátra devā́ś ca manuṣyā̀ś cārā́ nā́bhāv iva śritā́ḥ |
apā́ṃ tvā púṣpaṃ pr̥chāmi yátra tán māyáyā hitám ||34||
Where both gods and men (manuṣyà) are set (çritá) as spokes in a nave—I ask thee of the flower (púṣpa) of the waters, where that by magic was placed.
10.8.35
yébhir vā́ta iṣitáḥ pravā́ti yé dádante páñca díśaḥ sadhrī́cīḥ |
yá ā́hutim atyámanyanta devā́ apā́ṃ netā́raḥ katamé tá āsan ||35||
They by whom the wind sent forth blows on, who give the five quarters together (sadhryàñc), the gods who thought themselves above (ati-man) the offering (ā́huti), conductors of the waters—which were they?
10.8.36
imā́m eṣāṃ pr̥thivī́ṃ vásta éko 'ntárikṣaṃ páry éko babhūva |
dívam eṣāṃ dadate yó vidhartā́ víśvā ā́śāḥ práti rakṣanty éke ||36||
One of them clothes himself in this earth; one encompassed the atmosphere; he of them who is disposer (vidhartṛ́) gives the sky; some defend respectively all regions (ā́çā).
10.8.37
yó vidyā́t sū́traṃ vítataṃ yásminn ótāḥ prajā́ imā́ḥ |
sū́traṃ sū́trasya yó vidyā́d sá vidyād brā́hmaṇaṃ mahát ||37||
Whoso may know the stretched-out string in which these offspring (prajā́) are woven in, whoso may know the string of the string, he may know the great brā́hmaṇa.
10.8.38
védāháṃ sū́traṃ vítataṃ yásminn ótāḥ prajā́ imā́ḥ |
sū́traṃ sū́trasyāháṃ vedā́tho yád brā́hmaṇaṃ mahád ||38||
I know the stretched-out string in which these offspring are woven in; the string of the string I know, likewise the great brā́hmaṇa.
10.8.39
yád antarā́ dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ agnír áit pradáhan viśvadāvyàḥ |
yátrā́tiṣṭhann ékapatnīḥ parástāt kvèvāsīn mātaríśvā tadā́nīm ||39||
As between heaven-and-earth Agni went, burning on, all-consuming, where stood beyond they (f.) of one husband—where perchance was Mātariçvan then?
10.8.40
apsv ā̀sīn mātaríśvā práviṣṭaḥ práviṣṭā devā́ḥ salilā́ny āsan||
br̥hán ha tasthau rájaso vimā́naḥ pávamāno haríta ā́ viveśa ||40||
Mātariçvan was entered into the waters; the gods were entered into the seas; great stood the traverser of space; the purifying one entered into the green ones.
10.8.41
úttareṇeva gayatrī́m amŕ̥té 'dhi ví cakrame |
sā́mnā yé sā́ma saṃvidúr ajás tád dadr̥śe kvà ||41||
Higher, as it were, than the gāyatrī́, upon the immortal (amṛ́ta) he strode out; they who know completely chant with chant—where then was seen the goat?
10.8.42
nivéśanaḥ saṃgámano vásūnāṃ devá iva savitā́ satyádharmā |
índro ná tasthau samaré dhánānām ||42||
The reposer, the assembler of good things, like god Savitar, of true ordinances (-dhárman), he stood like Indra in the conflict for riches.
10.8.43
puṇḍárīkaṃ návadvāraṃ tribhír guṇébhir ā́vr̥tam |
tásmin yád yakṣám ātmanvát tád vái brahmavído viduḥ ||43||
The lotus-flower of nine doors, covered with three strands (guṇá) — what soulful prodigy (yakṣá) is within it, that the bráhman-knowers know.
10.8.44
akāmó dhī́ro amŕ̥taḥ svayaṃbhū́ rásena tr̥ptó ná kútaś canónaḥ |
tám evá vidvā́n ná bibhāya mr̥tyór ātmā́naṃ dhī́ram ajáraṃ yúvānam ||44||
Free from desire, wise (dhī́ra), immortal, self-existent, satisfied with sap, not deficient in any respect—knowing that wise, unaging, young soul, one is not afraid of death.
Translations (2)
- Atharva-Veda Saṃhitā (HOS 7–8) — William Dwight Whitney 1905, English
- The Hymns of the Atharvaveda — Ralph T. H. Griffith 1895, English
Commentaries (2)
- Atharvavedasaṃhitābhāṣya — Mādhavācārya, Sanskrit
- Atharvavedabhāṣya (Sāyaṇa) — Sāyaṇa, Sanskrit
Linked texts (25)
- Atharvaveda — Sanskrit
- Taittirīyāraṇyaka (complete text) — Sanskrit
- A Vedic Concordance — Maurice Bloomfield, English
- Aṅgirasī — Sanskrit
- Original Sanskrit Texts on the Origin and History of the People of India, their Religion and Institutions — John Muir, English
- History of Dharmaśāstra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) — P. V. Kane, English
- Vedic Index of Names and Subjects — Arthur A. Macdonell & A. Berriedale Keith, English
- Altindische Grammatik — Jacob Wackernagel & Albert Debrunner, German
- The Religion and Philosophy of the Veda and Upanishads — Arthur Berriedale Keith, English
- Die Kosmographie der Inder nach den Quellen dargestellt — Willibald Kirfel, German
- The Philosophy of the Upanishads — Paul Deussen & A. S. Geden, English
- Elements of Buddhist Iconography — Ananda K. Coomaraswamy, English
- The Arctic Home in the Vedas — Bal Gangadhar Tilak, English
- Spiritual Authority and Temporal Power in the Indian Theory of Government — Ananda K. Coomaraswamy, English
- The Sāṃkhya System: A History of the Sāṃkhya Philosophy — Arthur Berriedale Keith, English
- Vedopadeśa — Rājārāma, Sanskrit
- The Hindu Temple — Stella Kramrisch, English
- Indian Art: A History of Indian Art from the Earliest Times up to the Third Century A.D. — V. S. Agrawala, English
- A History of Indian Philosophy — Surendranath Dasgupta, English
- The Religions of India — Edward Washburn Hopkins, English
- Vyākhyānamālākathānaka (Acyutānanda Sarasvatī) — Acyutānanda Sarasvatī, Sanskrit
- The System of the Vedânta according to Bâdarâyana's Brahma-Sûtras and Çankara's Commentary — Paul Deussen & Charles Johnston, English
- Vedic Mythology — Arthur Anthony Macdonell, English
- Outlines of Indian Philosophy — M. Hiriyanna, English
- The Religion of the Veda: The Ancient Religion of India (from Rig-Veda to Upanishads) — Maurice Bloomfield, English