Nighantu 70.1

Nighaṇṭunirvacana 70.1

Language: Sanskrit

70.1.1

(1) gauḥ| 'gamlṛgatau (bhū0 pa0)' asmād 'gamerḍoḥ (u0 2, 63)'—iti kartari kārake adhikaraṇe vā ḍoḥ pratyayaḥ | gātervā stutyarthāt (adā0 pa0) bāhulakokteḥ (3, 3, 113) karmaṇyadhikaraṇe vā| 'gotoṇit (7, 1, 60)'—iti ca ṇijantāvād vṛddhiḥ| atra bhāṣyam—'gauriti pṛthivyā nāmadheyaṃ yaddūraṃ gatā bhavati yaccāsyāṃ bhūtāni gacchanti gātervokāro nāmakaraṇaḥ (niru0 2, 5),—iti| asya skandasvāmī—'dūraṃ gatā bhavati nairantaryeṇātmākāśādivat dūre'pyupalabdhergatikriyāvyavahāraḥ'| anyatrānyatra copalabdherdūropadeśaḥ| pratyayopāttarūḍhyarthasambandhācca gamiratra nairantaryopalabdhidūraviśiṣṭaṃ gamanamupādatte, 'takṣā' 'parivrājakaḥ' iti yathā| yaccāsyāṃ bhūtāni prāṇino gacchanti| co vārthe| gātervā stutyarthasya| (adā0 pa0) gīyate stūyate'sāviti, gāyanti vāsyāṃ sthitā iti gauḥ| udāhara ṇam 'gopadasi' iti| gārhapatyopasthāne viniyogāt, gārhapatyasya ca gavi pṛthivyāṃ sadanāt gośabdasya pṛthivyabhidhānatvaniścitamiti| evamanyeṣvapyudāharaṇeṣu tatra tatra mantravākyārthasamavāyena abhidheyaṃ pradarśanīyaṃ niścitya tattadarthābhidhāyitvam| "vrajaṃ gaccha goṣṭhānam (ya0 vā0 saṃ0 1, 25-26)"—"gaurjagāra yadva pṛcchān (ṛ0 saṃ0 10, 31, 10)"—"abhavat pūrvyā bhūmanā gauḥ (ṛ0 saṃ0 10, 31, 6)" iti nigamāḥ || (2) gamā| gameḥ pūrvasminneva kārakadvaye 'kaninyuvṛṣitakṣi (u0 1, 154)'—ityādinā vihitaḥ kaninapratyayo bāhulakāt bhavati|

70.1.2

'gama-hana-jana-khana-ghasāṃ lopaḥ kṅityanaḍiḥ (6, 4, 98)'— ityupadhālopaḥ, auṇādikena 'mānan (u0 4, 140)'—iti sūtreṇa vā manini vāhulakāt (3, 3, 1) ṭilopaḥ, 'ḍābubhābhyāmanyatarasyām (4, 1, 13)| arthaḥ pūrvavadeva | 'gamāgacchateḥ, gacchantīhīyam'—iti-mādhavaḥ | "divaśca gamaścāpāñca jantavaḥ (ṛ0 saṃ0 10, 46, 2)"—"divaśca gamaśca martyem (ṛ0 saṃ0 10, 12, 6)"—iti ca nigamau | gama ityatra chāndasatvādrūpasiddhiḥ || (3) jamā| jamatirgatikarmā (nigha0 2, 10) 'jamu adane (bhū0 pa0)'—janī prādurbhāve (di0 ā0),—'aṅgū vyakti prakṣaṇakānti-gatiṣu (ru0 pa0)' prakṣaṇaṃ secanamiti tadvṛttiḥ | etebhyaḥ 'śvannukṣan pūvan grīhan (u0 1, 151)'—ityādinā parijamabhiti kaninjantaṃ sopasargaṃ nipātitam, vāhulakāt (3, 3, 1) nirupasargamapi bhavati | nipātanādeva kārakaviśeṣasiddhiḥ | 'ḍābubhābhyāmanyatarasyām (4, 1, 13)'| gatau pūrvabadarthaḥ| adanti cāsyāṃ bhūtāni, jātāni vā svakāraṇāt, jāyantevāsyā oṣadhayaḥ| tathācopaniṣat—' adbhyaḥ pṛthivī, pṛthivyā oṣadhayaḥ (tai0 u02, 1)' —iti| athavā vyaktā sarveṣāṃ pratyakṣā na hyākāśādivadvyaktā pṛthivī ; 'tisro mahīruparāstasthuratyā guhā dve nihite darśyekā (ṛ0 saṃ0 3, 56, 2)'—iti ca śrutiḥ| aktā siktā bhavati vṛṣeṇa: 'tasmādasāvimāṃ vṛṣṭyābhyunandyabhijighrati (ai0 brā0 1, 2, 1)'—iti brāhmaṇam| "ye ke ca jamā mahino ahimāyāḥ (ṛ0 saṃ0 6, 52, 15)"—"abhikratvendrabhūradhjaman (ṛ0 saṃ0 7, 21, 6)"— "jamayā atra vasavorata devāḥ (ṛ0 saṃ0 7, 36, 3)"—"adhajmo. adhavā divaḥ (ṛ0 saṃ0 8, 1, 18)"—iti ca nigamāḥ ||

70.1.3

(4) kṣamā| 'kṣi kṣaye' bhvādiḥ (pa0), 'kṣi nivāsagatyoḥ' tudādiḥ (pa0), 'kṣi hiṃsāyām' ṝyādiḥ (pa0), kṣai, kṣe, kṣai, kṣaye (bhū0pa0), 'kṣamūṣ sahane (di0 pa0)', 'kṣamāyī viṣūnaneṃ (bhū0 ā0)'—etebhyaḥ auṇādike manini (u0 4, 140) bāhulakādūpasiddhiḥ| ḍāpi gatārtha uktaḥ| kṣīyanti nivasantyasyāṃ prāṇinaḥ, kṣāyyanti avayavaṃ gacchantyasyāṃ padārthā iti vā, hiṃsyante'syāṃ pāpakṛta iti vā, kṣamate vā prāṇijātarūpaṃ, bhāraṃ vidhanayati vā prāṇinaḥ svakīyakāle| "pitā yatsvāṃ duhitaramadhiṣkan kṣamayā retaḥ (ṛ0 saṃ0 10,61,7)"—"kṣamayā carati pari sā vṛṇaktu naḥ (ṛ0saṃ07, 46, 3)"—iti ca nigamau || (5) kṣā| nirūpitā eva dhātavaḥ| 'anyeṣvapi dṛśyate (3,2,101)'—iti sopapadāt janerdhidhīyamāno ṅaḥ pratyayaḥ, 'apiśabdaḥ sarvopādhi-vyabhicārārthaḥ'—ityukternirupapadebhyo'pi bhavati| kṣamāyastu chāndasatvānmakāralopaḥ| arthaḥ pūrvokta eva| "jātasya ca jāyamānasya ca kṣām (ṛ0 saṃ0 1, 66, 7)"—iti nigamaḥ || (6) kṣamā| nirūpitā eva dhātubhāvāḥ| auṇādike manini (u04, 140) bāhulakādūpasiddhiḥ| arthaḥ pūrvokta eva| 'kṣamūṣ sahane (di0pa0)'—ityasmād vā pūrvavat ṅāppratyayaḥ| "yaḥ pārthivasya kṣamyasya rājā (ṛ0saṃ0 2, 14, 11)"—iti nigamaḥ || (7) kṣoṇiḥ| 'tukṣu rukṣ śabde' adādiḥ (pa0) 'vījyājva-kṣibhyo niḥ (u0 4, 48)'—iti vihito nipratyayo bāhulakād

70.1.4

bhavati, guṇaḥ ṣatvam| kṣūyate śabdyate stūyate stotṛbhiḥ, kṣavantyasyāṃ bhūtānīti vā| kṣoṇīti īkārāntaṃ kecit paṭhanti| tadā "kṛdikārādaktino vā ṅīṣ vaktavyaḥ (4, 1, 45 vā0)"—iti ṅīṣ| "navanta kṣoṇayo yathā (ṛ0 saṃ0 10, 22, 6)"—"yaṃ kṣoṇīranucakrade (ṛ0 saṃ0 8, 3, 10)"—iti nigamau|| (8) kṣitiḥ| "kṣi nivāsagatyoḥ (tu0 pa0),' 'kṣi kṣaye (bhū0 pa0)' 'kṣi hiṃsāyāṃ (svā0 krayā0 pa0)'—etebhyo'pi "vasestiḥ (u0 4, 175)"—iti vihitasti-pratyayo bāhulakāt (3, 3, 1) bhavati, guṇābhāvaśca| athavā striyāṃ ktin (3, 3, 94)' karmaṇyadhikaraṇe (3, 3, 63) vā bhavati| arthastu kṣametyatroktaḥ "kṣeti kṣitīḥ subhago nāma puṣyan (ṛ0 saṃ0 5, 37, 4)"—"vīhi svasti sukṣitiṃ divaḥ (ṛ0 saṃ0 7, 2, 11)"—iti nigamau|| (9) avaniḥ| "ava rakṣaṇa-gati-tṛpti-bhītya-'vagama-praveśa-śravaṇa-sāmarthya-yācana-kriyecchā-dīptya-'vāptyā-''liṅgana-hiṃsā-dāna-bhāga-vṛddhiṣu (bhū0 pa0)"—asmāt "arttisṛdhṛdhamyamyaśyavinibhyo'niḥ (u0 2, 65)"—ityani-pratyayaḥ| avati prajāḥ avyante vā bhūpaiḥ| etāvatsvartheṣu yo yogyaḥ sa boddhavyaḥ| "ā vāṃ rakṣo'vanirne pravatvān (ṛ0 saṃ0 1, 181, 3)"—"yatsīḥ mahīma-vaniṃ prāmi martyaśat (ṛ0 saṃ0 1, 140, 5)"—iti ca nigamau|| (10) urvī| "ūrṇuñ-ācchādane (adā0 u0)"—asmāt "mahati hasvaśca (u0 1, 30)"—iti upratyayo ṇalopo hasvaśca,

70.1.5

uruḥ | "votoguṇavacanāt ( 4, 1, 44 )"-iti ṅīṣ | ūrṇoti ācchādayati urvī | mahattvādācchādayitrī bhūmiḥ svasmin hitānāṃ vā padārthānām | vṛṇotervā (svā0pa0) pṛṣodarāditvāt (6, 3, 106 ) rūpasiddhiḥ | 'chādanārthaṃ viśiṣṭam'-iti skandasvāmī | vṛṇoterācchādanārthatve'nuvādaśca | "mā sīmavadya ā bhāgurvī kāṣṭhā (ṛ0saṃ0 8,80,8)" - iti nigamaḥ || (11) pṛthvī | 'pratha prakhyāne ( bhvā0 ā0 ) ' - 'prathi-madibhrasjāṃ samprasāraṇaṃ salopaśca (u01,27)'-ktiku-pratyayaḥ samprasāraṇañca | prathate'sāviti pṛthuḥ | pūrvavat ( 4,1,44) ṅīṣ | pṛthvī vistīrṇetyarthaḥ | pañcāśatakoṭiyojanavistīrṇeti pṛthivī | yadvā antarbhāvitaṇyarthāt prathateḥ 'uṇādayo bahulam (3,3,1)", 'bhūte'pi dṛśyante ( 3, 3, 2) - iti vacanāt bhūte ku-pratyayaḥ | brahmaṇā pūrvameva vistāritetyarthaḥ | 'tatpuṣkaraparṇe'prathayat yadaprathayat pṛthivyai pṛthivītvam (ya0 śa011, 16,-13,2)" - iti hi brāhmaṇam | 'pṛthunā rājñā avatāritā pṛthvī' - iti kṣīrasvāmī | stego na kṣāmatyeti pṛthivīm ( ṛ0 saṃ0 10, 31, 6 )"-iti nigamaḥ | "yatraikārthānāṃ padānāṃ sannipātaḥ tatraikaṃ tasya vācakaṃ bhavati; anyeṣāṃ niruktyā yojanaṃ karttavyam" - iti maryādā, ato'tra kṣāmityasya niruktyā yojanam | (12) mahī | "maha pūjāyām” bhvādiḥ ( pa0 ) | "in sarvadhātubhyaḥ ( u0 4, 114 )" - itīnpratyayaḥ | "kṛdikārāt ( 4, 1,45 vā0 )"-iti ṅīṣ | mahyate prajābhiḥ, mahati vā devatāḥ svabhārāvataraṇāya | athavā mānena svaguṇena parimāṇena svasyādūnaṃ parimāṇaṃ pātāle jahāti atikrāmati, mānaśbdājjahāteśca maho | pṛṣodarāditvāt (6, 3, 106) nirvāhaḥ |

70.1.6

"ā no mahīmaramatiṃ sajoṣā (ṛ0 saṃ0 5, 43, 6)"—iti nigamaḥ || (13) ripaḥ | 'repṛ gatau (bhū0 ā0)', 'kivvaciṃpracchyāyatastukaṭaprajūśrīṇām (3,3, 178 vā0);—ityatra 'prākpratyayanirdeśāt irdhyasiddhiḥ'—iti vacanād hrasve ripaḥ | gaurityanena samānārthaḥ | yadvā, 'ripha katthana-yuddha-nindā-hiṃsā-dāneṣu' tudādiḥ parasmaipadī | kipi, phakārasya pakāro ghattyayena (3, 1, 85) katthana-yuddhādīnasyāṃ kurvanti tatkāriṇaḥ | yadvā 'lipa upadehe (tu0 u0),' lip | gomayādinā ālipyate iti lip | llayorabhedaḥ | tathāca mādhavīyanirvacanānukramaṇyāṃ 'lepanādepaṇādapi'— iti | yadvā : 'rapalapa vyaktāyāṃ vāci (bhū0 pū0)' 'rapericchopadhāyāḥ (ū0 1, 25)'—ityu'tyaye vidhīyamānamitvaṃ bāhulakādanyatrāpi bhavati | ālapatyasyāṃ prāpinaḥ iti rip, jasi ripaḥ; evaṃrūpasya vede bhūyodarśanāt yathādṛṣṭaṃ pāṭhaḥ | "ririhvāṃsaṃ ripa upasthe antaḥ (ṛ0 saṃ0 10, 76, 3)"—"pāti priyaṃ ripo agraṃ padaṃ veḥ (ṛ0 saṃ0 3, 5)"—iti ca nigamau || (14) aditiḥ | 'dīṅ kṣaye (di0ā0)| 'ityalyuṭo bahulam, (3,3, 113)'—iti kartariktini chāndasaṃ hrasvatvam nañsamāsaḥ | aditiḥ sakala prapañcadhāraṇeṣvadīnā na rivadyate ityarthaḥ | 'aditiradīnā (niru0 4, 22)'—ityatra bhāṣye skandasvāmī yadyapi nañpūrvāt ghateḥ

70.1.7

kini 'dhatisyati-mā-sthās (7, 4,40)'—itītthe ca rūpaṃ sidhyati, tathāpi ghaternilyamapūrvādarthānvayācca 'dīṅ kṣaye (di0 ā0)' ityasyaivedaṃ chāndasaṃ rūpaṃ draṣṭavyam| tathā coktam—'na saṃskāramādriyeta artho nityaḥ parīkṣeta (ma0bhā0)'—iti| "devestho aditaye syonam (ṛ0 saṃ0 10, 110, 4)"—"tamaśrūkṣanta yājinamupasthe aditeradhi (ṛ0 saṃ0 6, 26, 1)—iti nigamau || (15) ilā| 'īḍa stutau (adā0 ā0)', 'indhī dīptau (ru0ā0)'| anayoḥ 'akarttari ca kārake saṃjñāyām (3, 3, 16)' iti ghañ, pṛṣodarāditvāt (6, 3, 106) iḍerhasvatvam, indhernakāralopo dhakārasya ḍakāro guṇābhāvaśca| īḍyate stūyate vāsyāṃ yajamāno devān, indhe dīpyate'syāṃ śrībhiḥ| yadvā; 'iṇa gatau (adā0 pa0)', 'kādibhyaḥ kit (u0 1, 112)' ityasminsūtre 'bahulānuvṛtteḥ añjamantādapi bhavati'—iti vacanāt ḍa-pratyayaḥ kiravādiguṇābhāvaḥ| gavā samānārthaḥ| yadvā; 'ila svapna-kṣepaṇayoḥ (tu0 pa0)'—ityasmāt| 'igupadhā-jñā-prī-kiraḥ kaḥ (3, 1, 135)' iti ka-pratyayaḥ, 'kṛtyalyuṭo bahulam (3, 3, 113)'—iti adhikaraṇe bhavati| kṣipyante'syāṃ bhāvaḥ, svapyante'syāmiti vā; ḍa-lyorekatvasmaraṇāt ḍatvam| yadvā; 'ilā' ityannanāma gonāma vā (nigha0 2, 7-2, 11), ilā annaṃ gaurvā asyāmastītyarśa āditvāt (5, 2, 127) ac; annavatī gomatī vā iḍā| vakṣcānāntu 'dvayoścāsya svarayormadhyametya sampadyate sa ḍakāro lakāraḥ (prātiṃ0)'—itilatvam ilā, ṝkṣa udāharaṇa-

70.1.8

vāhulyācca ṛgveda-dṛṣṭa-pāṭha ileti| "ilāyāstvā pade vayaṃ (ṛ0 saṃ0 3, 26, 4)" "athā hotā nyasīdo yajñīyānilaspadaṃ (ṛ0 saṃ0 6, 1, 2)" [ 'ilaśchāndasatvādākāralopaḥ'—iti skandasvāmī ] "ilaspade samidhyame (ṛ0 saṃ0 10, 161, 6) —iti nigamāḥ| 'nirṛtirniramaṇāt' (2, 7). niruktam| asya skandasvāmī='niramaṇāt-niścalatvenāvasthānāt-ityarthaḥ; ramante vāsyāṃ bhūtāni'—iti| tatra nirpūrvādrameḥ (bhū0 ā0) 'kṛtyalyuṭo bahulam (3, 3, 113)'—iti. kartryadhikaraṇe ca ktini (3, 3, 64) anunāsikalopaḥ, 'ramermatau bahulam (6, 1, 34 vā0)'—ityatra bahulavacanāt samprasāraṇam| ādye 'rthe nirniścalatvamāha nānavasthānam| uttaratra dhātvarthamanuvartate niḥ| vaiyākaraṇa-pakṣeṇa tu nirupasṛṣṭādṛrteḥ ktini nirṛtiḥ niḥkrāntāṛtergamanāt niścalavadyavatiṣṭhate ityarthaḥ| "bahuprajā nirṛtimāviveśa (ṛ0 saṃ0 1, 164, 32)"—"adhā śayīta nirṛterupasthe (ṛ0 saṃ0 10, 65, 14)"—iti ca nigamau|| bhū sattāyāṃ (bhū0 pa0) sampadāditvāt bhāve kvip (3, 3, 64 vā0)| bhavatyasyāṃ sarvamiti bhūḥ| "mūrddhā bhuvo bhavati naktamagniḥ (ṛ0 saṃ0 10, 88, 6)"—iti nigamaḥ| rephāntaṃ vyatyayam, yathā—"bhūrbhuvaḥ svaḥ (ya0 vā0 sa0 36, 3)"—iti|| 'bhuvaḥ kit (ḍa0 4, 45)'—iti bhavateḥ mipratyayaḥ| arthaḥ pūrvavat| athavā 'bhūte'pi dṛśyante (3, 3, 2)' —iti vacanāt bhūte mipratyayaḥ| 'abhūtabhūmistathā vabhūva idamiti tad bhūtyai bhūmitvam'—iti śrutiḥ| 'nyaṅṅuttānāmanveti bhūmim (ṛ0 saṃ0 10, 27, 13)'—'bhūmirbhūmimagāt'—iti ca nigamau||

70.1.9

'puṣa puṣṭau (bhū0 di0 syā0 pa0)'| 'śvannukṣanpūṣan (u0 1, 155)'—ityādinā kānin-pratyayānto nipātyate, nipātanādupadhāyā dīrghaḥ| 'puṣyati dhānyādibhiḥ saṣṭadvā bhavati poṣayati vānnaiḥ prajāḥ| 'sarvārthapodaṇāt pūṣā' iti bhaṭṭabhāskaramiśraḥ| tathā 'pṛthivī nyavartta yat soṣadhībhirvanaspatibhipuṣyat' iti śrutiḥ| yadvā; 'puṣa dhāraṇe (cu0 pa0)'—iti dhātuḥ| dhārayati sarvāṇi bhūtāni poṣayatyābharaṇānīti· yathā| "ā pūṣañcitravarhiṣam (ṛ0 saṃ0 1, 23, 13)"—ityatra mādhavaḥ—'pūṣā poṣayatīti tasya pratyakṣaṃ rūpam'| "pūṣā tveto nayatu hastagṛhyā (ṛ0 saṃ0 10, 85; 26)"—iti, "sarasvatyai pūṣṇe'gnaye svāhā (ya0 vā0 saṃ0 4, 7)"—iti nigamaḥ|| 'gāṅ stutau' chandasi juhotyādiḥ (bhū0 pa0), 'gāṅ gatau (bhū0 ā0)', 'kai gai śabde' bhvādiḥ (pa0)| 'kami-mani-jani-gā-bhā-yā-hibhyaśca (u0 1, 70)'—iti tu-pratyayaḥ| gīyate stūyate'sau, stuvanti vāsyāṃ sthitā indrādīn, gacchantyasyāṃ bhūtānīti vā, gāyanti vāsyāṃ sthitā gāyanā iti| yadvā; gamyate'neneti gāturmārgaḥ, 'lugakārekārephāśceti vaktavyam (4, 4, 128 vā0-2)'—iti matvarthīyasya luk| gātuḥ mārgavatī hi bhūmiḥ| "indrāya gāturuśatīva yeme (ṛ0 saṃ0 5, 33, 10)"-"adarśi gātu rurave gharīyasī (ṛ0 saṃ0 1, 136, 2)"-iti nigamau || (21) gotrā| 'guḍ avyakte śabde (bhū0 ā0)'| 'gu-ghṛ-cī-paci-caci-yami-[mani-tani] sadi-kṣadibhyatraḥ (u0 4, 162)'-iti tryatyaprayaḥ| guṇaḥ| mṛgapakṣyādayo'syāmavyaktaśabdaṃ kurvantīti gotrā| yadvā ; gotrāḥ śailāḥsantyasyām arśaāditvāt (5, 2, 127) ac| yadvā;

70.1.10

gośabde karmaṇyupapade 'traiḍpālane (bhū0 ā0)'-ityasmāt 'āto'nupasarge kaḥ (3, 2, 3)'| ṭāp (4, 1, 4)| gātrāyate rakṣati yavasodakavattayā| yadvā, gobhirā-dityakiraṇairvā tripradānena trāyate rakṣate iti, 'kṛtyalyuṭo bahulam (3, 3, 113)'-iti karmaṇi 'āto'nupasarge kaḥ (3, 2, 3)'| yadvā, gośabdāt 'tasya samūhaḥ (4, 2, 37)'-ityadhikāre 'khala-go-rathāt (5, 2, 50)'-ityanuvṛttau 'iti-tra-kaṭyacaśca (4, 2, 51)'- iti tra-pratyayaḥ| gotrā, gavāṃ samūho matvarthīyo'kāraḥ| gosamūho'syāmastīti gotrā| nigamo'nveṣaṇīyaḥ|| ityekaviṃśatiḥ pṛthivī-nāmadheyāni|| "uvāca me varuṇo medhirāya (ṛ0 saṃ0 7, 87, 4)"-ityatra mādhavaḥ-"uvāca mahyaṃ varuṇo medhāvine"-iti sa tatraikaviṃśatināmāni kācid gaurvibhartīti pṛthivīmāha tasyā hi yāskapaṭhitāni ekaviṃśatirnāmānīti |

Linked texts (1)

Nighaṇṭu — Yāska, Sanskrit